Modular hocket and electric motor for a power motor vehicle

Abstract

An implement system for a powered moving vehicle has an implement attachable to the powered moving vehicle. The implement has a modular electric motor unit that can be tool-lessly attached to the implement to provide operating power to the implement. A lawnmower implement has a lawnmower gantry and a suspension assembly that provides a fore-aft pivot axis and a left-right pivot axis when hitched to the powered moving vehicle. A receiving area for the electric motor unit is positioned in the suspension assembly. The lawnmower stand may be rotated about the left-right pivot axis to an upright position and latched at the position. The single motor in the receiving area is connected to three lawnmower blade pulleys for rotating three lawnmower blades by utilizing the one electric motor unit of the pulley system.

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 522,611, filed on June 22, 2023, entitled “MODULAR HITCH AND IMPLEMENT FOR POWERSPORTS VEHICLE,” and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 615,913, filed on December 29, 2023, entitled “ELECTRICALLY-POWERED IMPLEMENTS FOR POWERSPORTS VEHICLE,” the contents of which are expressly incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present disclosure generally relates to modular hitches and implements for powersports vehicles. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to modular hitches and power implements having an implement-mounted motor. Summary of the invention

[0004] Embodiments of the present disclosure address many of the shortcomings of known hitch and implement systems by providing a convenient modular hitch and implement arrangement and system for a powersports vehicle. Embodiments of the hitch of the present disclosure are self-centering and can be easily and removably coupled to the rear or front of the vehicle without the use of tools. The hitch is also easily and removably coupled to a variety of implements, such as snow blowers, plows, rotary sweepers, and the like. An actuator can be mounted on the hitch itself for precisely positioning the hitch and implement when controlled by a user inside or outside the powersports vehicle. In some embodiments, the actuator can be electrically powered, such as by a battery, which can be a traction battery in the case of a battery-powered electric vehicle. The implement connectable to the hitch can include an actuator and, in some cases, an electric motor for implement operation.

[0005] In a particular embodiment, a modular hitch assembly includes: a hitch frame; a hitch-vehicle coupling portion, the hitch-vehicle coupling portion being connected to the hitch frame and being configured to removably connect the modular hitch assembly to the powersports vehicle; a hitch-implement coupling portion, the hitch-implement coupling portion being connected to the hitch frame and being configured to removably connect the modular hitch assembly to the implement; an electrical interface, the electrical interface being configured to electrically connect the modular hitch assembly to a power source; and an electric actuator, the electric actuator being mounted to the hitch frame and electrically connected to the electrical interface, the electric actuator being configured to convert power received from the power source into mechanical movement of the modular hitch assembly.

[0006] In another embodiment, a system for connecting and powering a power sports vehicle implement includes the modular hitch of the previous embodiment, and an implement device connectable to the modular hitch device. The implement device may include a mechanical interface configured to connect to the hitch-implement coupling portion of the modular hitch device; and an electric mechanical device, such as an actuator or a motor, for performing operations of the implement device.

[0007] The present disclosure also includes a method of distributing electrical power from a powersports vehicle, which may be an internal combustion engine (ICE) powersports vehicle or a battery electric vehicle (EV), to a hitch and / or an implement connected to the hitch.

[0008] Other approaches involve using one or more of a vehicle controller, an implement controller, or even a remote control device to communicate with and control the hitch and implement.

[0009] In addition, attaching and removing the implements (e.g., lawn mower implements) that are usually relatively large and heavy may be inconvenient and difficult. In addition, for powered implements, the most expensive component and usually the heaviest component is usually the motor, whether gasoline-powered or electrically powered.

[0010] In an embodiment, a power implement attachable to a power sport vehicle has a single modular electric motor unit that can be easily attached to and removed from the implement for use, for example, on other power implements, or to weatherproof the modular electric motor unit. In an embodiment, the modular electric motor can be removed and installed on the implement without tools. The implement can be, for example, a mower implement forward mounted on a power sport vehicle utilizing a single modular electric motor unit to drive a plurality of mower blades. The mower implement further has a suspension system that supports a mower deck, is connected to or integrated with the mower deck, provides two degrees of freedom for the mower implement relative to the vehicle, and that accommodates a left-right centrally positioned implement motor within a vertical projection of the suspension system, the motor unit within the suspension system on the mower deck. The suspension system provides fore-aft and side-to-side pivot axes which assist the mower deck in following the terrain being mowed and also provides a flip-up feature of the mower deck, thereby providing easy cleaning and maintenance of the mower deck and a significantly reduced footprint for parking and / or storing the powersports vehicle with the mower deck attached.

[0011] In an embodiment, an implement connected to a powersports vehicle may be raised and lowered by a power hitch assembly mounted on the powersports vehicle, the implement being powered by a single motor.

[0012] The powersports vehicle may be an internal combustion engine (ICE) powersports vehicle, or a battery electric vehicle (EV), or may be a hybrid vehicle.

[0013] In an embodiment, a powersports vehicle has a modular electric motor unit, an adapter, and a pair of manually operated offset latch pins, wherein the electric motor is mounted to the adapter, the unit has an output shaft with a connecting end, the adapter has an annular shape with an annular flange portion fixed to the electric motor, and a plurality of circumferentially extending interface portions at the periphery of the adapter, the pair of manually operated offset latch pins being supported by the adapter and each having an extended position and a retracted position. A lawn mower implement comprises: a lawn mower stand; a suspension assembly, the suspension assembly being mounted to the lawn mower stand and extending upwardly from the lawn mower stand; and an implement-hook coupling portion, the implement-hook coupling portion being at a rearward end of the suspension assembly, the implement-hook coupling portion being configured to connect to a hook device on the power sports vehicle; the lawn mower stand comprises a stand housing having an upper plate portion and a downwardly extending skirt portion at an outer periphery of the lawn mower stand housing, the lawn mower stand housing defining a cutting area, the lawn mower stand further comprising a hook portion surrounding the lawn mower stand a plurality of wheels positioned about the periphery of the stand housing, the mower stand having a single receiving area for receiving the modular electric motor unit from the mower stand, the mower stand having a plurality of capture portions at the receiving area for capturing the plurality of interface portions of the adapter, and further having a pair of apertures at the receiving area for receiving the pair of latch pins, the mower stand having a mating coupling centrally located in the receiving area for receiving and connecting with the coupling end of the modular electric motor unit.

[0014] In an embodiment, a powered lawn mower implement for a power sports vehicle has: a lawn mower stand having a motor mounted or mountable thereon on a top side of the lawn mower stand; a suspension assembly mounted to the lawn mower stand and extending upwardly from the lawn mower stand; an implement hitch coupling portion at a rearward end of the suspension assembly, the implement hitch coupling portion being connectable to a hitch device on the power sports vehicle; the lawn mower stand including a stand housing having an upper plate portion and a downwardly extending skirt portion at an outer periphery of the mower deck housing, the mower deck housing defining a cutting area below the upper plate portion, the mower deck further having a plurality of wheels positioned around the periphery of the mower deck housing; the suspension system providing the mower deck with a fore-and-aft pivot axis and a left-and-right pivot axis relative to the powersports vehicle, and wherein the left-and-right pivot axis is above the fore-and-aft pivot axis, and wherein the mower deck can be rotated from the downwardly facing cutting area to the forwardly facing cutting area.

[0015] A powered lawn mower implement for a powersports vehicle comprises: a mower stand including a stand housing having an upper plate portion and a downwardly extending skirt portion at an outer periphery of the mower stand housing, the mower stand housing defining a cutting area below the upper plate portion, the mower stand further comprising a plurality of wheels positioned around the periphery of the mower stand housing; a suspension assembly mounted to the mower stand and extending upwardly from the mower stand; an implement-hitch coupling portion at a rearward end of the suspension assembly, the implement-hitch coupling portion being adapted to engage the mower stand and engage the implement-hitch coupling portion. The mower stand further comprises a plurality of mower blades, each of which has a plurality of mower blade shafts, each of which has a pulley fixed thereto and positioned above the upper plate portion, wherein the plurality of mower blade shafts are provided with a plurality of pulleys each having ...

[0016] In an embodiment, a powered lawn mower implement for a powered sports vehicle comprises: a lawn mower stand having a motor mounted or mountable thereon, the motor being mounted or mountable at a motor mounting area; a suspension assembly mounted to the lawn mower stand and extending upwardly from the lawn mower stand; an implement hitch coupling portion at a rearward end of the suspension assembly, the implement hitch coupling portion being connectable to a hitch device on the powered sports vehicle; wherein the lawn mower stand comprises a stand housing having an upper plate portion and a lower plate portion disposed within the lawn mower stand housing. The lawn mower stand comprises a plurality of wheels positioned around the periphery of the lawn mower stand housing, wherein the lawn mower stand comprises a plurality of wheels disposed around the periphery of the lawn mower stand housing, wherein the lawn mower stand comprises a plurality of wheels disposed around the periphery of the lawn mower stand housing, wherein the lawn mower stand comprises a plurality of wheels disposed around the periphery of the lawn mower stand housing, wherein the lawn mower stand comprises a plurality of wheels disposed around the periphery of the lawn mower stand housing, wherein the lawn mower stand comprises a plurality of wheels disposed around the periphery of the lawn mower stand housing, wherein the lawn mower stand comprises a plurality of wheels disposed around the periphery of the lawn mower stand housing, wherein the lawn mower stand comprises a plurality of wheels disposed around the periphery of the lawn mower stand housing, wherein the lawn mower stand comprises a plurality of wheels disposed around the periphery of the lawn mower stand Extending around the motor receiving area, the intermediate support frame has a front support frame portion in front of the motor receiving area, a left support frame portion above and to the left of the motor receiving area, a right support frame portion above and to the right of the motor receiving area, and a rear support frame portion behind the motor receiving area, wherein the front support frame portion is pivotally connected to the second stand hinge bracket and the rear support frame portion is pivotally connected to the first stand hinge bracket to provide a pivot connection having a front-to-rear axis, and the suspension system further includes an upper rear suspension frame having a pair of lateral arm members, the A pair of lateral arm members are pivotally connected to the intermediate support frame at the left frame support portion and at the right frame support portion to provide a pivot connection having a left and right pivot axis between the intermediate support frame and the upper rear suspension frame, and when the lawn mower implement is attached to a power sports vehicle, each of the pair of lateral arm members extends rearwardly to the implement hitch coupling portion and is coupled thereto, and when the implement hitch coupling portion is hitched to the hitch device on the power sports vehicle, the lawn mower stand can be rotated from a position in which the cutting area is downward to a position in which the cutting area faces forward.

[0017] Features and advantages of an embodiment are a power implement in which an electric motor, which is the heaviest single component of the power implement, is positioned within a suspension assembly that provides the implement with two degrees of freedom of movement relative to the powersports vehicle to which it is hitched. The suspension assembly axis extends through the electric motor, minimizing the weight of the motor to affect the positioning of the implement.

[0018] The above summary of various representative embodiments of the present invention is not intended to describe each illustrated embodiment or each implementation of the present invention. On the contrary, the embodiments are selected and described so that other persons skilled in the art can understand and appreciate the principles and practices of the present invention. The accompanying drawings in the following detailed description more particularly illustrate these embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The present disclosure may be understood by considering the following detailed description of various embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0020] Figure 1 is a perspective view of a powersports vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0021] Figure 2 is a block diagram of a powersports vehicle having a modular vehicle hitch and implement system mounted to a rear end portion and a front end portion of the powersports vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0022] Figure 3 is a block diagram of a power distribution system for a modular vehicle hitch and implement system optimized for an electric powersports vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0023] Figure 4 is a block diagram of a communication and control system of a modular vehicle hitch and implement system optimized for an electric powersports vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0024] Figure 5 is a block diagram of a power distribution system for a modular vehicle hitch and implement system optimized for an internal combustion powered sports vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0025] Figure 6 is a block diagram of a communication and control system of a modular vehicle hitch and implement system optimized for an internal combustion engine powered sports vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0026] Figure 7 is a perspective view of a hitch and implement system for a powersports vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0027] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A perspective view of a hitch and a hitch mount of an implement system;

[0028] Fig. 9 yes Figure 7 A front view of a hitch mount for a hitch and implement system;

[0029] Fig.10 yes Figure 7 A rear view of a hitch mount of a hitch and implement system;

[0030] Fig.11 yes Figure 7 A right side view of a hitch mount for a hitch and implement system;

[0031] Fig.12 yes Figure 7 A left side view of a hitch mount for a hitch and implement system;

[0032] Fig.13 yes Figure 7 A top view of a hitch and a hitch mounting member of an implement system;

[0033] Fig.14 yes Figure 7 A bottom view of a hitch and a hitch mounting member of an implement system;

[0034] Fig.15 is in the middle position Figure 7 A perspective view of a modular vehicle hitch assembly of a hitch and implement system;

[0035] Fig.16 is in an elevated position Figure 7 A perspective view of a modular vehicle hitch assembly of a hitch and implement system;

[0036] Fig.17 is in a lowered position Figure 7 A perspective view of a modular vehicle hitch assembly of a hitch and implement system;

[0037] Fig.18 yes Figure 7 A front view of a modular vehicle hitch assembly of a hitch and implement system;

[0038] Fig.19 yes Figure 7 A rear view of a modular vehicle hitch assembly of a hitch and implement system;

[0039] Fig. 20 is in the middle position Figure 7 A right side view of a modular vehicle hitch assembly of a hitch and implement system;

[0040] Fig.21 is in an elevated position Figure 7A right side view of a modular vehicle hitch assembly of a hitch and implement system;

[0041] Fig. 22 is in a lowered position Figure 7 A right side view of a modular vehicle hitch assembly of a hitch and implement system;

[0042] Fig.23 yes Figure 7 A left side view of a modular vehicle hitch assembly of a hitch and implement system;

[0043] Fig.24 yes Figure 7 A top view of a modular vehicle hitch assembly of a hitch and implement system;

[0044] Fig.25 yes Figure 7 A bottom view of a modular vehicle hitch assembly of a hitch and implement system;

[0045] Fig.26 yes Figure 7 A right side view of the implement of the hitch and implement system;

[0046] Fig. 27 yes Figure 7 A left side view of the implement of the hitch and implement system;

[0047] Fig.28 yes Figure 7 A front view of the implement of the hitch and implement system;

[0048] Fig.29 yes Figure 7 A rear view of the implement of the hitch and implement system;

[0049] Fig.30 yes Figure 7 A top view of the implement of the hitch and implement system;

[0050] Fig.31 yes Figure 7 A perspective view of an implement of a hitch and implement system;

[0051] Fig.32 yes Figure 7 a front view of a hitch and implement system of , wherein the hitch device is coupled to the hitch mount and the implement is coupled to the hitch device;

[0052] Fig.33 yes Figure 7 a rear view of a hitch and implement system of FIG. 1 , wherein the hitch device is coupled to the hitch mount and the implement is coupled to the hitch device;

[0053] Fig.34is a perspective view of a hitch mount and a powersports vehicle bumper assembly configured to be coupled to the hitch mount according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0054] Fig.35 is a right side view of a hitch mount and a powersports vehicle bumper assembly configured to be coupled to the hitch mount according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0055] Fig.36 is a front view of a joystick for controlling a hitch and implement system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0056] Fig.37 yes Fig.36 Right side view of the joystick;

[0057] Fig.38 is a pictorial representation of a lever for controlling a hitch and implement system mounted in the armrest of a powersports vehicle;

[0058] Fig.39 is a flow chart of a method of distributing power to a hitch-implement system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0059] Fig.40 is a flow chart of a method of controlling a modular vehicle hitch and implement for a powersports vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; and

[0060] Fig.41 is a flow chart of a method of operating a hitch and implement system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0061] Fig.42 is a perspective view of a powersports vehicle with a lawnmower implement in an operating mode.

[0062] Fig.43 is a perspective view of a powersports vehicle with a lawnmower implement.

[0063] Fig.44 is an exploded view of a lawn mower implement, a hitch assembly for a power sport vehicle, and a mounting plate attachable to the power sport vehicle that tool-lessly receives the hitch assembly.

[0064] Fig.45 is an exploded view of a suspension system for a lawn mower implement according to an embodiment.

[0065] Fig.46 is a plan view of a lawn mower implement according to an embodiment.

[0066] Fig.47 is a front elevation view at the rear side of a lawn mower implement.

[0067] Fig.48 is a perspective view of a lawn mower implement attached to a powersports vehicle with a cover removed illustrating a pulley system with a belt.

[0068] Fig.49 is a perspective view of a portion of a lawn mower implement depicting a motor module unit in a suspension system on a lawn mower deck.

[0069] Fig.50 is a perspective view of a portion of a lawn mower implement depicting a receiving area for a motor module unit in a suspension system on a lawn mower deck.

[0070] Fig.51 is a front perspective view of a power sports vehicle with a lawn mower implement in a flipped orientation for maintenance and storage.

[0071] Fig.52 yes Fig.11 A side perspective view of a power sports vehicle with a lawn mower implement in a flipped orientation for maintenance and storage.

[0072] Fig.53 It is a top plan view of the motor module unit.

[0073] Fig.54 is a perspective view of an adapter of a modular motor unit.

[0074] Fig.55 yes Fig.14 Another perspective view of the adapter.

[0075] Fig.56 is a perspective view of the bottom side of a modular motor unit.

[0076] Fig.57 is a close-up perspective view of a mating coupling in a receiving area of ​​a mower deck for a modular motor unit; and

[0077] Fig.58 is a flow chart depicting and describing a method of tool-less removably coupling a modular electric motor unit to an implement. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0078] For the purpose of understanding the present disclosure, reference will now be made to the embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings, which are described below. Although the present invention may be subjected to various modifications and alternative forms, its details have been shown by way of example in the accompanying drawings and will be described in detail. However, it should be understood that it is not intended to limit the present invention to the specific embodiments described. On the contrary, it is intended to cover all combinations, modifications, equivalents and substitutes that fall within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.

[0079] Reference Figure 1, depicting an embodiment of a powersports vehicle 100. Powersports vehicles may include side-by-side powersports vehicles, all-terrain vehicles (ATVs), utility vehicles (UTVs), motorcycles, snowmobiles, and similar types of recreational or utility vehicles. In an embodiment, the powersports vehicle 100 includes a ground engaging member 102, a frame 104, a body portion 106, a seat 108, a prime mover (e.g., an engine) 110, a charging system 111, and various operating systems, such as a transmission system 112, a braking system 114, a steering system 116, and the like.

[0080] The ground engaging members 102 may include one or more wheels, tracks (including endless tracks), skis, or other suitable means of supporting the vehicle 100 relative to the ground. The frame 104 is supported by the ground engaging members and provides support for various other components and systems of the powersports vehicle 100. The body portion 106 may be connected to portions of the frame 104 to provide protection for the driver and passengers of the powersports vehicle 100. The seats 108 are directly or indirectly connected to the frame 104 and provide support for the driver and passenger(s) of the powersports vehicle 100.

[0081] Prime mover 110 may include an internal combustion engine, an electric motor, an electric-combustion hybrid motor, or the like for powering power vehicle 100. Transmission system 112 is coupled to prime mover 110 and ground engaging members 102 and may include a shiftable transmission, a continuously variable transmission (CVT), an electrically variable transmission (EVT), an e-CVT, etc., depending on the type of prime mover and vehicle.

[0082] Braking system 112 provides braking functionality for powersports vehicle 100 and is coupled to one or more ground engaging members 102 and, in some embodiments, to prime mover 110 and / or transmission system 112 .

[0083] The steering system 116 is coupled to one or more ground engaging members 102, such as the front wheels 102, as depicted. The steering system 116 may also include a grippable steering device, such as a steering wheel.

[0084] The powersports vehicle 100 includes a front bumper 118 , which may be located at a front end 130 and / or a rear end 132 of the powersports vehicle 100 .

[0085] Further details and embodiments of known powersports vehicles are depicted and described in the following patents: U.S. Patent No. 7,950,486, entitled “Vehicle,” published on May 31, 2011; U.S. Patent No. 10,166,836, entitled “Utility vehicle,” published on January 1, 2019; and U.S. Patent Publication No. 2020 / 0198561A1, entitled “Managing Recreational Vehicles and Accessories,” published on June 25, 2020, all of which are assigned to Polaris Industries, Inc., and all of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

[0086] Also refer to Figure 2 , depicts a block diagram of a powersports vehicle 100 having a hitch and implement system 120 for connecting and powering a modular powersports vehicle hitch device 122 (generally referred to herein as a "hitch device 122") and an implement 124. In an embodiment, the hitch and implement system 120 includes a hitch mount 200 mounted to the powersports vehicle 100, a hitch device 122 coupled to the hitch mount 200, and an implement 124 coupled to the hitch device 122.

[0087] exist Figures 8 to 14 An embodiment of a hitch mount 200 is depicted in and described below. Figure 15 to Figure 25 An embodiment of the hitch device 122 is depicted in FIG. 1 and described in further detail below. Generally, the hitch device 122 is configured to be attached to the power sports vehicle 100 and connected to the implement 124. The hitch 122 can be configured to be attached to the front end 130 and / or the rear end 132 of the power sports vehicle 100, such as Figure 2 However, it will be appreciated that the hitch device 122 is not limited to connecting to only the ends 130 and / or 132, but may also be configured to connect to other portions of the powersports vehicle 100, including to the left or right side of the powersports vehicle 100.

[0088] For purposes of illustration, a hitch device 122 is depicted attached to a front end 130, and another hitch device 122 is depicted attached to a rear end 132. However, it will be understood that the system 120 may include one or more hitch devices 122 and one or more implements 124, and in embodiments, the hitch devices 122 are configured to connect to any available location on the powersports vehicle 100.

[0089] In an embodiment, and as further described below, the hitch arrangement 122 is configured to move up and down relative to the ground plane or surface upon which the vehicle 100 rests, which in turn raises and lowers the attached implement 124. In other embodiments, other degrees of freedom and movements are contemplated.

[0090] The implement 124 may include any of a variety of electric mechanical devices or implements having an electric implement motor assembly and / or actuator for performing tasks in combination with the powersports vehicle 100, including for snow removal, driveway cleaning, landscaping, agriculture, and the like. Examples of implements 124 include mowers, snow blowers, plows, rotary sweepers, buckets, rakes, rake blades, brush mowers, wood chippers, power graders, box scrapers, pole lifters, soil conditioners, landscape rakes, spreaders, sprayers, power washers, augers, brush cutters, log splitters, vacuum dust collectors, disc plows, tillers, trim mowers, pallet forks, chip blowers, cultivators, and planters, and the like. In some embodiments, and as further described below, the implement 124 may include an actuator for positioning the implement 124 relative to the hitch device 122 or an electric motor for performing implement functions (e.g., rotating a mower blade, impeller, or rotary sweeper).

[0091] refer to Figure 3 , depicts a block diagram of an embodiment of a hitch and implement system 120, depicting power distribution and connections. Figure 4 A block diagram of an embodiment of a hitch and implement system 120 is depicted in , depicting the communication and control connections.

[0092] Specific reference Figure 3 In this embodiment, the hitch and implement system 120 is optimized for a powersports vehicle 100 that includes a battery-based prime mover (i.e., a powersports vehicle 100 that is a battery EV or BEV). More specifically, and in an embodiment, the powersports BEV 100 includes a traction motor 143, a traction inverter 144, and a traction motor battery 146. As will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art, the traction motor battery 146 provides energy to power the traction motor 143 via the traction inverter 144 in order to propel the powersports BEV 100.

[0093] In this embodiment, the hitch and implement system 120 includes multiple parts of the powersports BEV 100, the modular hitch assembly 122, and the vehicle implement 124. As further described below, the system 120 can include one or more wiring harnesses 140 connected to an implement controller 142. The wiring harness 140 can be part of the powersports vehicle 100 as well as the modular vehicle hitch 122 and implement 124, and combinations thereof. The one or more implement controllers 142 can be physically located in a variety of locations, including at or on the powersports vehicle 100, the hitch assembly 122, and / or the implement 124.

[0094] In this BEV-optimized embodiment, the hitch and implement system 120 includes components associated with the vehicle: a traction motor battery 146, a vehicle battery 148, and an implement controller 142; components associated with the modular vehicle hitch assembly: a hitch lift actuator 150, a voltage converter 152, and an optional portable power source 154; and vehicle implement 124 components: an implement motor 160, an implement inverter 162, and an optional auxiliary actuator 164.

[0095] In an embodiment of the power sports BEV 100, the EV traction motor battery 146 includes any one or more of known traction batteries that store electrical energy for powering the traction motor 143 of the power sports BEV 100, and according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, for powering the hitch device 122 and the implement 124. The traction motor battery 146 may include various types of battery types and compositions, such as lead-acid batteries, lithium batteries, etc. The voltage output of the traction motor battery 146 may vary depending on the needs of the particular power sports BEV 100, but in one embodiment, the voltage of the traction motor battery 146 is 48 VDC. In other embodiments, the voltage of the traction motor battery 146 may be in the range of 12 VDC to 80 VDC.

[0096] In an embodiment, the vehicle battery 148 will be configured to provide power to an electrical power supply (not shown) of the vehicle 100 instead of the traction motor 143. Such electrical power supplies may include vehicle headlights, interior lights, in-vehicle infotainment (IVI) systems, and other such electrical power supplies. In an embodiment, the vehicle battery 148 may have a storage capacity that is smaller than the traction motor battery 146 due to the relatively low power consumption of the connected electrical power supply compared to the significant power consumption of the traction motor. The vehicle battery 148 may also include various types of battery technology, such as lead acid, alkaline, lithium, gel, etc. In an embodiment, the vehicle battery 148 provides a 12VDC output, but in other embodiments, other voltage outputs may be included.

[0097] In an embodiment, the vehicle battery 148 is electrically connected to the implement 124 via the wiring harness assembly 140 to provide power to the implement controller 142 and, when present and in some embodiments, to the auxiliary actuators 164 of the implement 124 .

[0098] In an embodiment, the wiring harness assembly 140 includes a plurality of insulated conductors or wires, electrical connectors, and various electrical components, which may also include an implement controller 142. The wiring harness assembly 140 generally serves as an electrical interface between the vehicle 100 and the hitch assembly 122, and between the vehicle 100 and the implement 124. A portion of the wiring harness assembly 140 may be at least partially located on or at the vehicle 100; a portion of the wiring harness assembly 140 may also be on or at the hitch assembly 122 and / or the implement 124.

[0099] In an embodiment, and as depicted, the traction motor battery 146 is electrically connected to the hitch assembly 122 and the implement 124 and provides power to the hitch assembly 122 and the implement 124. More specifically, and in the depicted embodiment, the traction motor battery 146 is electrically connected to a high-to-low voltage converter 152, which is electrically connected to a hitch lift actuator 150 and an optional portable power source 154.

[0100] In an embodiment, the high-to-low voltage converter 152 converts relatively high direct current (DC) power received from the traction motor battery 146 and outputs relatively low direct current DC power for use by the hitch lift actuator 150 and an optional portable power source 154. In an embodiment, the voltage converter 152 outputs 12 VDC.

[0101] In this embodiment, the hitch lift actuator 150 is electrically powered and is configured to move the hitch assembly 122 as needed. The hitch lift actuator 150 is described in more detail with respect to the hitch assembly 122 below.

[0102] When present, the portable power source 154 provides an additional power source or station for powering electrically powered devices other than those of the vehicle 100, the hitch device 122, and the implement 124. For example, the portable power source 154 can be used to power or charge electrically powered tools, lights, and the like. In an embodiment, the portable power source 154 can provide DC power, but in other embodiments, the portable power source 154 can include an inverter to provide portable alternating current (AC) power. Furthermore, although depicted as being located on or at the hitch device 122, in other embodiments, the portable power source 154 can be located on or at the vehicle 100 or the implement 124.

[0103] In an embodiment, portable power source 154 may include a housing, power conditioning components, and connectors, and may be configured to connect to a variety of electrical power supply devices.

[0104] In an embodiment, and as depicted, the traction motor battery 146 is also electrically connected to the implement 124. More specifically, the traction motor battery 146 can be electrically connected to the implement inverter 162, which converts the received DC power into AC power, which can be three-phase AC power, for use by the implement motor 160.

[0105] Reference Figure 4 , depicts an embodiment of a communication and control system for a hitch and implement system 120 optimized for a powersports BEV 100. In this embodiment, the hitch and implement system 120 includes a plurality of components associated with each of the vehicle 100, a vehicle modular hitch 122, and a vehicle implement 124.

[0106] In this embodiment, the powersports BEV 100 includes a communication gateway 168, a vehicle network or bus 169, a powertrain network or bus 170, a traction inverter 144, a traction motor battery 172, a vehicle control ECU (electrical control unit) 174, a network interface 176, a vehicle system 178, an accessory controller 180, an input device 182 and a user interface 184, which may include a display device.

[0107] In an embodiment, the vehicle control ECU, traction motor battery 172 , and traction inverter 144 are in electrical communication with the powertrain bus 170 and the communication gateway 168 .

[0108] The vehicle control ECU 174 may include one or more electronic control units (ECUs) having a processor and memory for controlling the electrical systems or subsystems of the powersports vehicle 100. The vehicle control ECU 174 may include a single control device or a distributed control device. The functions of the vehicle control ECU 174 may be performed by hardware and / or computer instructions stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The vehicle control ECU 174 controls most processes related to the operation of the powersports vehicle 100, including powertrain operations, such as controlling the output of the traction inverter 144 that powers the traction motor 143.

[0109] The vehicle control ECU 174 electrically communicates with the network interface 176, vehicle systems 178, accessory controller 180, and user interface 184 via the vehicle network 169. In an embodiment, the vehicle network 169 includes a network bus, such as a control area network (CAN) bus, a local interconnect network (LIN) bus, or the like.

[0110] In an embodiment, network interface 176 is configured to connect to external computing device 183 via network 185 .

[0111] In an embodiment, the external computing device 183 may include one or more computing devices, such as a mobile computing device, a fixed or desktop computing device, a server, and the like.

[0112] In embodiments where the external computing device 183 is a handheld remote computing device, the computing device 183 may include a smartphone, tablet computer, or other such device. A mobile version of the external computing device 183 may be connected to the computer via a wireless connection technology (e.g., via a Bluetooth, radio frequency (RF), cellular, satellite and other such wireless networking technologies) connect to the network 185 and the powersports vehicle 100.

[0113] The external computing device 183 may include a user interface (eg, a touch screen or keyboard) as well as a processor and memory for receiving user input and for displaying and communicating information to the user.

[0114] The external computing device 183 may access computer program software stored on a server or other computer device connected to the network 185 and provide data and / or instructions to the powersports vehicle 100 .

[0115] The network 185 may include any of a variety of wide area computer networks, local area computer networks, personal area networks, etc., such as the Internet.

[0116] The vehicle systems 178 generally include various systems of the powersports vehicle 100, such as vehicle operating systems, geo-location systems, sensing systems, etc. The vehicle operating systems may include braking, acceleration / deceleration, steering, suspension, powertrain, electrical, and other such systems.

[0117] In an embodiment, the accessory controller 180 may include one or more controllers or ECUs for controlling accessories or accessory systems (eg, lighting, infotainment, etc.) of the vehicle 100 .

[0118] The user interface 184 may include any of a variety of human-machine interface devices configured to receive input from a user and transmit the received input to the vehicle control ECU 174, as well as receive output from the vehicle control ECU 174 and communicate or present the output to the user. In an embodiment, the user interface 184 includes an interface controller, an input device (e.g., input device 182), an output device, and a memory.

[0119] The interface controller of the user interface 184 can be configured to control the operation of the user interface 184 and its subsystems and the input and output devices. The interface controller may include or form part of a processing system including one or more computing devices, which may include memory, processing and communication hardware. The interface controller may be a single device or a distributed device, and the functions may be performed by hardware and / or as computer instructions on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium (e.g., memory), which shares the properties described above with respect to the memory. The interface controller may interpret input from an input device, in particular a "touch" from a user touching a touch screen display of the user interface 184.

[0120] The input device 182 may include a joystick, a touch screen display, a frequency operating button (FOB), buttons, switches, selectors, etc., as well as combinations thereof.

[0121] The output devices of the user interface 184 may include a display, a touch screen (which serves as both an output device and an input device), lights, audio devices, haptic devices, and other such suitable output devices.

[0122] When present, and as depicted in this embodiment, the communication gateway 168 isolates powersports vehicle 100 electrical devices connected to a first vehicle network (e.g., powertrain network 170) from other vehicle 100 electrical devices connected to another vehicle network (e.g., vehicle network 169). Embodiments of multi-network vehicle systems with communication gateways and their associated advantages are described in Appendix A: Secure Multi-Bus Control Systems for Recreational Vehicles, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0123] In an embodiment, the powersports vehicle 100 is in electrical communication with an implement controller 142, which in turn is in electrical communication with the hitch arrangement 122 and the implement 124 via an implement network or bus 186. In an embodiment, the vehicle control ECU 174 is communicatively connected to the implement controller 142 via a wiring harness, which may be the wiring harness 140. In an embodiment, the vehicle control ECU 174 may be connected to the implement controller 142 via a wiring harness dedicated to communications rather than the wiring harness 140 that may be used to transmit power from the vehicle 100 to the hitch arrangement 122 and the implement 124.

[0124] The implement controller 142 is in electrical communication with an implement inverter 162 , an optional radio frequency identification (RFID) reader 163 and an implement actuator 164 of the implement 124 , and a hitch lift actuator 150 of the hitch assembly 122 via an implement network 186 .

[0125] As further described below, in an embodiment, the implement 124 may include an RFID reader / writer 163 configured to read an RFID tag 165 (see also Fig.26 ). In an embodiment, the RFID reader / writer 163 is located on the detachable implement motor 160 , while the RFID tag is located on the non-detachable portion of the implement actuator 164 .

[0126] In an embodiment, the implement controller 142 may include one or more ECUs having a processor and memory for controlling the hitch arrangement 122 and the implement 124. The implement controller 142 may include a single control device or a distributed control device. The functions of the implement controller 142 may be performed by hardware and / or computer instructions stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium.

[0127] In general operation, and as will be further described below, a user provides inputs related to desired operation of the hitch device 122 and / or implement 124 via the input device 182 and the user interface 184. Data corresponding to the user inputs is transmitted to the vehicle control ECU and / or the implement controller 142 via the vehicle network 169. The implement controller 142 transmits data and commands corresponding to the user inputs via the implement network 186, resulting in actuation of the hitch lift actuator 150 and the implement actuator 164 and powering the implement motor 160 ( Figure 3 )powered by.

[0128] The use of an electric hitch lift actuator 150 rather than a hydraulic or other type of actuator allows for precise and rapid movement of the hitch assembly 122 and the attached implement 124. With the electric hitch lift actuator 150 controlled by the implement control 142, the position of the actuator and the precise force of the actuator can be very accurately controlled. In an embodiment, this allows the implement 124 to maintain a controlled distance above the ground or remain on the ground under a controlled downward force as the vehicle 100 and the attached implement 124 move and travel over the ground. In an embodiment, the downward force is continuously varied to follow the ground. In contrast, the conventional hydraulic float function only allows the full weight of the implement to be applied to the ground, while the electric actuator 150 controlled by the controller 142 can follow the ground with less force or more force, which is very beneficial for certain implements and applications. For example, such a variable force can prevent a snow blower attachment from digging into the ground when traveling over uneven terrain.

[0129] In an embodiment, the communication and control system of the hitch and implement system 120 is configured to monitor vehicle suspension parameters using the actuator 150 and continuously adjust the height of the implement 124 based on the suspension data.

[0130] The communications and control system of the hitch and implement system 120 may be configured to monitor the charge level and overall battery health of the traction motor battery 146 and / or the vehicle battery 148, as well as other factors as part of a power monitoring and load shedding scheme. In one such embodiment, power to various electrical loads (including the load represented by the implement motor 160) may be selectively reduced by a vehicle ECU 174 in communication with the implement controller 142 as the battery health of one or both of the batteries 146 and 148 changes. Such an embodiment may prioritize the charge and health of the traction battery 146, thereby ensuring continued operation of the powersports BEV 100. Systems, devices, and methods for load shedding and load prioritization are described in Appendix B entitled "Electrical Power Management of Recreational Vehicles," which is incorporated herein in its entirety.

[0131] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 , depicts an embodiment of a hitch and implement system 120 optimized for an internal combustion engine (ICE) powered sports vehicle 100. More specifically, Figure 5 A block diagram of an embodiment of a power distribution system of system 120 is depicted, and Figure 6 A block diagram of an embodiment of a communication and control system is depicted.

[0132] Specific reference Figure 5 , the power distribution system for the ICE powered sports vehicle 100 is similar to Figure 3 00 and as described above.

[0133] In this ICE embodiment, the vehicle 100 includes a prime mover that is an internal combustion engine 110 that powers a charging system 111 that is electrically connected to a vehicle battery 148 .

[0134] The implement controller 142 receives power from the vehicle battery 148 via the wiring harness assembly 140, which controls power to the implement 124 and its one or more auxiliary actuators 164. In another embodiment, the auxiliary actuators 164 may receive power through another battery (e.g., the hitch-implement battery 188 described below).

[0135] In this embodiment, the hitch and implement system 120 includes a hitch-implement battery 188 that is electrically connected to the hitch lift actuator and the optional portable power source 154 and implement inverter 162 of the hitch assembly 122, thereby providing power to those devices. As briefly described above, the hitch-implement battery 188 can also provide power to the auxiliary actuator 164 of the implement 124. Although the hitch-implement battery 188 is depicted as being located at or on the hitch assembly 122, the hitch-implement battery 188 may alternatively be located elsewhere, such as on or at the implement 124 or even the vehicle 100.

[0136] Reference Figure 6 , depicts a block diagram of an embodiment of a communication and control system for a hitch and implement system 120 of an ICE powered vehicle 100. In an embodiment, and as depicted, an ICE optimized version of the communication and control system for the hitch and implement system 120 is substantially similar to Figure 4 1 and described above. In an embodiment, the differences between the BEV and ICE versions of the communication and control system of the hitch and implement system 120 vary with respect to the powertrain components of the vehicle 100, i.e., the ICE version includes the engine 110 and a charging system with a battery 111, rather than the traction inverter 144 and the traction motor battery 172. Otherwise, the ICE version is similar to the BEV version. Figure 4 The description of the communication and control system of the hitch and implement system 120 is applicable to Figure 6 system.

[0137] Reference Figure 7 , depicts a perspective view of an embodiment of a hitch and implement system 120. In this embodiment, the hitch and implement system 120 includes a hitch mount 200, a modular hitch assembly 122, and an implement 124. As further described below, the hitch mount 200 is configured to be mounted to the powersports vehicle 100. In an embodiment, and as depicted, the hitch mount 200 is configured to be semi-permanently or permanently coupled to the powersports vehicle 100. In an alternative embodiment, the hitch mount 200 is removably connected to the powersports vehicle 100. The hitch mount 200 is configured to removably receive or connect to the hitch assembly 122. The implement 124 is configured to removably connect to the hitch assembly 122.

[0138] Reference Figures 8 to 14 , an embodiment of a hitch mount 200 is depicted. Figure 8 is a perspective view of a hitch mount 200; Fig. 9 is a front view of the hitch mount 200; Fig.10is a rear view of the hitch mount 200; Fig.11 is a right side view of the hitch mount 200; Fig.12 is a left side view of the hitch mount 200; Fig.13 is a top view of hitch mount 200; and Fig.14 is a bottom view of the hitch mount 200 .

[0139] In this embodiment, the hitch mount 200 includes a top end 202, a bottom end 204, a first or right side 206, a second or left side 208, a main portion 210, a first or right coupling portion 212, a second or left coupling portion 214, a first or right pin 216, and a second or left pin 218. Generally, the hitch mount 200 is configured to be mounted to a power sports vehicle 100, including an ICE or BEV power sports vehicle. In an embodiment, the hitch mount 200 may include an independent mechanical device that is configured to be directly or indirectly mounted to the frame 104 of the power sports vehicle, or to other parts of the power sports vehicle 100. In one such embodiment, the hitch mount 200 may be semi-permanently mounted, such as by using mechanical fasteners (e.g., nuts and bolts), thereby requiring tools to connect and disconnect. In another embodiment, the hitch mount 200 may be permanently mounted by welding the hitch mount 200 to the power sports vehicle 100 or by other means. In other embodiments, the hitch mount 200 can be removably connected to the powersports vehicle 100, for example by using a pin or other connector that does not require the use of tools (i.e., a tool-less connection), similar to the removable connection between the hitch device 122 and the hitch mount 200 described further below.

[0140] In still other embodiments, hitch mount 200 may be integrally formed with powersports vehicle 100 , such as integrated into frame 104 or another portion of powersports vehicle 100 .

[0141] In an embodiment, the main portion 210 forms a generally plate-like structure for attachment to the powersports vehicle 100, extending from the top end 202 to the bottom end 204 and from the right side 206 to the left side 208. The main portion 210 can be formed in different shapes and sizes to fit to various types and sizes of powersports vehicles 100. In the depicted embodiment, the main portion 210 includes a plurality of generally flat plates or planar portions, including a first or upper planar portion 220, a second or middle planar portion 222, and a third or lower planar portion 224. The upper planar portion 220 extends in a direction from the top end 202 toward the bottom 204 and is joined to the middle planar portion 222, thereby forming an obtuse angle with the middle planar portion 222. The lower planar portion 224 is joined to the middle planar portion 222 and extends laterally from the middle planar portion 222 in the front-to-rear direction.

[0142] In an embodiment, the upper planar portion 220, the mid-planar portion 222, and the lower planar portion 224 are integrally formed from a common plate that is bent to form the three planar portions.

[0143] The main portion 210 also includes a front surface 230 and a rear surface 232, and defines a plurality of apertures 234, including apertures 234a and apertures 234b. The apertures 234 may be through holes as depicted. Some apertures, such as 234a, may be used to receive fasteners to connect the main portion 220 to the powersports vehicle 100. Other apertures, such as aperture 234b, may be configured to receive protruding portions of the powersports vehicle 100 so that the surface 232 may be in maximum abutment with the surface of the powersports vehicle.

[0144] In an embodiment, the main portion 210 may comprise a generally strong, rigid material, such as a metallic material, including steel or aluminum or the like.

[0145] The right coupling portion 212 is attached to the right side 206 of the body portion 220 in a top-to-bottom direction and projects laterally away from the body portion 220 in a back-to-front direction. In the depicted embodiment, the right coupling portion 212 includes a top portion 236, a bottom portion 240, an aperture 242, a middle portion 244, and a pin receiver 246 that define a pin receiver aperture 238. In an embodiment, the right coupling portion 212 may also include a support bracket 248.

[0146] In an embodiment, the top portion 236, the middle portion 240, and the bottom portion 244 form an integral structure formed by bending a single sheet of material to form a first bend where the top portion 236 joins the middle portion 240 and a second bend where the middle portion 244 joins the bottom portion 240. As depicted, the bottom portion 240 is offset closer to the center of the main portion 220 than the top portion 236.

[0147] In an embodiment, the aperture 242 defines a slot or channel formed in part by the middle portion 244 and the bottom portion 240. Because the aperture 242 is formed at the curved portion of the right coupling portion 212, the opening of the aperture 242 in the middle portion 244 faces slightly upward in the bottom-to-top direction, while the opening of the aperture 242 in the bottom portion 240 faces inward or in the right-to-left direction. The two aperture faces can form an obtuse angle relative to each other, including an angle greater than 180°. In addition, the top portion of the aperture 242 can define a diameter that is greater than the diameter of the bottom portion. Such features facilitate easy insert assembly of the hitch device 122 to the hitch mount 200.

[0148] The pin receiver 238 fits into the aperture 238 and is connected to the upper portion 236. In an embodiment, the pin receiver 238 forms a generally cylindrical structure having a central through passage or through hole for receiving the pin 216. The pin receiver 238 may also include a spring and a retainer for retaining the pin 216 in the pin receiver 238 and applying a lateral spring force to the pin 216. In this way, the user pulls the pin 216 in the lateral or left-to-right direction to the unlocked position to overcome the spring force to disconnect the hitch assembly 122 from the hitch mount 200. When the hitch assembly 122 is removed and the user releases the pin 216, the spring force moves the pin 216s back in the right-to-left direction to the locked position (as depicted).

[0149] In other embodiments, the pin 216 may be retained in the pin receiver using other means that do not include a spring (eg, utilizing a key and keyway).

[0150] When present, support bracket 248 connects right link portion 212 to main portion 220, providing structural support and orientation of the two portions.

[0151] The left link portion 214 is located opposite the right link portion 212 and is substantially identical to the right link portion 212, but is a mirror image and therefore shares the features of the right link portion 212 as described above. In this embodiment, the left link portion 214 is attached to the left side 208 of the main portion 220 in a top-to-bottom direction and projects laterally away from the main portion 220 in a back-to-front direction. In the depicted embodiment, the left link portion 214 includes a top portion 256 defining a pin receiver aperture 258, a bottom portion 260, an aperture 262, an intermediate portion 264, and a pin receiver 266. In an embodiment, the left link portion 214 may also include a support wall 268.

[0152] Reference Figure 15 to Figure 25 , depicting an embodiment of a modular vehicle hitch assembly 122 .

[0153] As will be explained in further detail below, Fig.15 , Fig.16 and Fig.17 The hitch assembly 122 is depicted in perspective views in a neutral position, a raised position, and a lowered position, respectively. Fig.18 is a front view of the hitch assembly 122; Fig.19 is a rear view of the hitch device 122;

[0154] Fig. 20 is a right side view of the hitch assembly 122 in a neutral position; Fig.21 is a right side view of the hitch assembly 122 in a raised position; Fig. 22 is a right side view of the hitch assembly 122 in a lowered position; Fig.23 is a left side view of the hitch assembly 122;

[0155] Fig.24 is a top view of the hitch assembly 122, and Fig.25 It is a bottom view of the hitch device 122.

[0156] In an embodiment, the hitch assembly 122 includes a frame 280, a hitch-vehicle coupling portion 282 (depicted as a right portion 282a and a left portion 282b), a hitch-implement coupling portion 298, one or more actuators 150 (depicted as a right actuator 150a and a left actuator 150b), a telescoping rod 286, a cross member 288, and an actuator retaining support portion 290. As also described further below, the components of the hitch assembly 122 form a plurality of pivot joints, including a pair of fixed pivot joints 292a and 292b pivotally connecting the frame 280 to the hitch-vehicle coupling portion 282, a pair of movable pivot joints 294a and 294b pivotally connecting the frame 280 to the lower portion of the hitch-implement coupling portion 298, a movable pivot joint 296 pivotally connecting the telescoping rod 286 to the upper portion of the hitch-implement coupling portion 298, and a fixed pivot joint 297 pivotally connecting the rear end of the telescoping rod 286 to the retaining support portion 288 and the cross member 288. The hitch assembly 122 may also include various spacers and bushings, particularly at the pivot joints.

[0157] As will become apparent based on the following description and associated drawings, the depicted embodiment of the hitch assembly 122 forms a four-bar linkage, and more specifically, a parallel motion linkage. In other embodiments, the hitch assembly 122 may form other types of mechanical linkages.

[0158] In an embodiment, the frame 280 includes a front end 300, a rear end 302, a right side 304, a left side 306, a first or right link 308, a second or left link 310, a cross member 312, and a rear end pivot shaft receiver 314. The right link 308 is located opposite the left link 310, wherein the cross member 312 connects the two links. Each link 308, 310 extends in a front-to-rear direction, and in an embodiment, includes a plurality of bends such that the left-to-right width of the front end 300 is greater than the left-to-right width of the rear end 302.

[0159] Cross member 312 includes one or more actuator rod connector portions 313, including 313a and 313b, as depicted (one for each actuator rod).

[0160] When present, the rear pivot axis receiver 314 may include a cylindrical tube extending from the right link 308 to the left link 310 toward the rear end of the frame 280. The rear pivot axis receiver 314 is configured to receive the pivot axis of the coupling portion 282 as further explained below.

[0161] The rear end 302 of the frame 280 is pivotally coupled to the hitch-vehicle coupling portion 282 at fixed pivot joints 292a and 292b. The front end 300 of the frame 280 is pivotally connected to the lower end 340 of the hitch-implement coupling portion 298 at mobile pivot joints 294a and 294b.

[0162] The coupling portion 282 may include any of a variety of mechanisms for coupling or connecting the hitch device 122 to the hitch mount 200. In the depicted embodiment, the coupling portion 282 includes a first or right portion 282a and a second or left portion 282b. The right coupling portion 282a includes a substantially flat or planar plate or plate-like main portion 318a having a connecting tab 320a. Similarly, the left coupling portion 282b, located opposite the right coupling portion 282a, includes a substantially flat or planar plate or plate-like main portion 318b having a connecting tab 320b. The main portions 318a and 318b are directly or indirectly connected to the actuators 184a and 184b to secure and support the actuators.

[0163] The coupling portion 282 also includes a pivot shaft 322 configured to be received by the rear pivot shaft receiver 314 and extending between the right coupling portion 282a and the left coupling portion 282b, and a connecting rod 324 also extending between the right coupling portion 282a and the left coupling portion 282b.

[0164] In an embodiment, the connecting rod 324 includes a first or right end 328 extending rightwardly away from the surface of the main portion 318a of the right coupling portion 282a and a second or left end 330 extending leftwardly away from the surface of the main portion 318b of the left coupling portion 282. As further described below, the ends 328 and 330 are configured to be received by the hitch mount 200 for coupling the hitch assembly 122 to the hitch mount 200.

[0165] In other embodiments, rather than including a connecting rod 326 having protruding ends 328 and 330, each coupling portion 282a and 282b may include a protrusion protruding from each of the coupling portions that is configured to be received by the hitch mount 200 for coupling the lower portion of the hitch assembly 122 to the hitch mount 200.

[0166] Each coupling portion 282a and 282b defines a plurality of apertures, including apertures 332a and 332b at the connection tabs 320a and 320b, respectively, for receiving pins 216 and 218 when the hitch assembly 122 is coupled to the hitch mount 200. Each coupling portion 282a and 282b may also include an aperture aligned with the rear pivot axis receiver 214 for receiving the pivot axis 322 and apertures for receiving the ends 328 and 330 of the connecting rod 326.

[0167] The hitch-tool coupling portion 298 includes a top end portion 340, a bottom end portion 342, a right member 344, and a left member 346. In an embodiment, and as depicted, the hitch-tool coupling portion 298 is formed in an inverted "V" shape, wherein the right member 344 is connected to the left member 346 at the vertex of the top end portion 340. In an embodiment, the right member 344 and the left member 346 form an angle α at the junction, and the angle α is in the range of 20° to 60°. In other embodiments, the hitch-tool coupling portion 298 can be formed in other shapes, for example, a triangular shape or other shapes. As further described below, forming an inverted V or triangle with a vertex at the top end portion 340 promotes simple and in some cases tool-free connection to the tool 124.

[0168] The top end portion 340 includes a connecting portion 348 that connects to the end of the telescoping rod 286 and forms the pivot joint 296 .

[0169] Each of the right member 344 and the left member 346 may include a rod extending in a direction from top to bottom. In an embodiment, the respective ends of the right member 344 and the left member 346 include attached wheels 350. When present, the wheels 350 allow the bottom end 342 to travel along the ground, which may be helpful when aligning and coupling to the implement 124 and during use of some implements 124.

[0170] The hitch assembly 122 can include a pair of actuators 150, e.g., 150a and 150b, as depicted, or in other embodiments, can include a single actuator 150, or more than two actuators 150, depending on various application factors, including actuator size, actuator capacity, implement weight, etc. As depicted, the actuator 150 can include an electric actuator, but in other embodiments, the actuator 150 can include a hydraulic actuator. In an embodiment, and as depicted, the actuator 150 includes a linear motion actuator.

[0171] The right actuator 150a includes an electric motor and gearbox in a motor housing 352a, a rod 354a, and an electrical connector 356a. Similarly, when present, the left actuator 150b includes an electric motor and gearbox in a motor housing 352b, a rod 354b, and an electrical connector 356b. The ends of the rods 354a and 354b are connected to the actuator rod connector portions 313a and 313b of the cross member 312 of the frame 280, respectively.

[0172] Telescoping rod 286 is connected to cross member 288 via actuator retaining support portion 290 and is configured to extend and retract so that its overall length varies as hitch-implement coupling portion 298 is raised and lowered.

[0173] A cross member 288 extends between the coupling portions 282a and 282b to provide structural support for the device.

[0174] Also refer to Figures 3 to 6 As described above, the hitch assembly 122 also includes an electrical interface, which may include a portion of the wiring harness 140 and may include wires, connectors, etc. for power distribution and communication.

[0175] During upward operation of the hitch assembly 122, which results in upward movement of the hitch-implement coupling portion 298 (which will be described in further detail below with respect to the overall operation of the hitch-implement system 120), power is received at the actuator 150, causing the ends of the actuator rods 354a and 354b to retract or move linearly upward. The actuator rods 354a and 354b exert an upward pulling force on the frame 280, which pivots about the pivot joints 292a and 292b, thereby causing the front end 342 of the frame 280 to move upward. The hitch-implement coupling portion 298 moves upward, pivoting about the pivot joints 294a, 294b, and 296. The telescoping rod 286 pivots upward about the fixed pivot joint 297, wherein the front end of the telescoping rod 286 pivots together with the top end 340 of the hitch member coupling portion 298 at the moving pivot joint 296. In this way, the hitch element coupling portion 298 is raised upward. Fig.16 and Fig.21 The hitch arrangement 122 is depicted in a raised position.

[0176] During downward operation of the hitch assembly 122, which results in downward movement of the hitch-implement coupling portion 298 (which will be described in further detail below with respect to the overall operation of the hitch-implement system 120), power is received at the actuator 150, causing the ends of the actuator rods 354a and 354b to extend or move linearly downward. The actuator rods 354a and 354b apply a downward force to the frame 280, which pivots about the pivot joints 292a and 292b, thereby causing the front end 342 of the frame 280 to move downward. The hitch-implement coupling portion 298 moves downward, pivoting about the pivot joints 294a, 294b, and 296. The telescoping rod 286 pivots downward about the fixed pivot joint 297, wherein the front end of the telescoping rod 286 pivots with the top end 340 of the hitch member coupling portion 298 at the moving pivot joint 296. In this way, the hitch-element coupling portion 298 is lowered downward. Fig.17 and Fig. 22 The hitch arrangement 122 is depicted in a lowered position.

[0177] Reference Figure 26 to Figure 31 , depicting an embodiment of an implement 124. In this particular embodiment, the implement 124 includes an electrically powered motor. However, as described above, embodiments of implements 124 configured to be connected to the hitch assembly 122 are numerous and include, but are not limited to, snow blowers, plows, rotary sweepers, buckets, rakes, rake blades, and other such implements. In an embodiment, the implement 124 includes an electric mechanical device, such as an electric motor, an electric actuator, or both. Also refer to Figures 3 to 6 The implement 124 may include an electrical interface, which may include a portion of a wiring harness 140 and may include wires, connectors, etc. for power distribution and communication.

[0178] In an embodiment, the implement 124 includes an implement-hitch coupling portion 400, an implement electric motor assembly 160, and a mechanical implementation portion 404 having a motor interface 408 and a coupling portion 410. In the depicted embodiment, the mechanical implementation portion 404 includes a mower assembly, which includes a mower stand 412 and a mower blade (not depicted). As further described below, the implement 124 may also include an RFID tag 165 located on the mechanical implementation portion 404 to be read by an RFID reader / writer 163 located on the electric motor assembly 160.

[0179] In an embodiment, and as depicted, the implement-hitch coupling portion 400 is formed to be coupled to the hitch-implement coupling portion 298 (see also Fig.18 ) and is configured to easily and quickly receive the hitch-implement coupling portion 298 and to be removably coupled to the hitch device 122 without the use of tools and in a self-centering or self-aligning manner. In this embodiment, the implement-hitch coupling portion 400 includes a receiver 420 for receiving the hitch-implement coupling portion 298 and a connection base 422.

[0180] In an embodiment, the receiver 420 includes an inverted "V" shape including a first or right member 424 and a second or left member 426. The right member 424 is connected to the left member 426 at the vertex of the top end 428. In an embodiment, the right member 424 and the left member 426 form an angle α at the junction, and the angle α is in the range of 20° to 60°. In other embodiments, the receiver 420 can be formed in other shapes, for example, a triangular shape or other shapes that are complementary to the hitch-machine coupling portion 298 and are configured to receive the hitch-machine coupling portion 298.

[0181] In an embodiment, right member 424 forms an L-shape and includes a first side 430 having an inner receiving surface 432 and a second side 434 having an inner receiving surface 436. Second side 434 extends laterally away from an edge of first side 430. First side 430 and second side 434 together define a first or right hitch receiving channel 438. When coupled to hitch-implement coupling portion 298, right member 344 of hitch-implement coupling portion 298 is received into right hitch receiving channel 438, and inner receiving surfaces 432 and 436 may abut portions of an outer surface of right member 344.

[0182] In an embodiment, left member 426 forms an L-shape and includes a first side 440 having an inner receiving surface 442 and a second side 444 having an inner receiving surface 446. Second side 444 extends laterally away from an edge of first side 440. First side 440 and second side 444 together define a second or left hitch receiving channel 448. When coupled to hitch-implement coupling portion 298, left member 346 of hitch-implement coupling portion 298 is received into right hitch receiving channel 448 and inner receiving surfaces 442 and 446 may abut portions of an outer surface of left member 344.

[0183] In the depicted embodiment, the connection base 422 includes a first or right portion 450 , a second or left portion 452 , and a main portion 454 .

[0184] The right portion 450 includes a base portion 456 and an arm portion 458. In an embodiment, the base portion 456 forms a generally flat plate-like structure extending laterally from the right side of the main portion 454. The arm portion 458 is connected to or integral with the base portion 456 and extends away from the base portion 456 in a front-to-rear direction. The arm portion 458 can be pivotally connected to the base portion 456 to allow the implementation portion 404 to pivot about the base portion 456 and, therefore, pivot about the hitch device 122 when connected. In an embodiment, the arm portion 458 defines a longitudinal channel for receiving a portion of the connecting portion 410 of the implementation portion 404 to connect the arm portion 458 to the implementation portion 404. In an embodiment, the right base portion 450 may also include a pin 216 for connecting the arm portion 458 to the implementation portion 404.

[0185] The left portion 452 includes a base portion 466 and an arm portion 468. In an embodiment, the base portion 466 forms a generally flat plate-like structure extending laterally from the left side of the main portion 454. The arm portion 468 is connected to or integral with the base portion 466 and extends away from the base portion 466 in the front-to-rear direction. The arm portion 468 can be pivotally connected to the base portion 466 to allow the implementation portion 404 to pivot about the base portion 466 and, therefore, pivot about the hitch device 122 when connected. In an embodiment, the arm portion 468 defines a longitudinal channel for receiving a portion of the connecting portion 410 of the implementation portion 404 to connect the arm portion 468 to the implementation portion 404. In an embodiment, the left portion 452 may also include a pin 218 for connecting the arm portion 458 to the implementation portion 404.

[0186] In an embodiment, the implement electric motor assembly 160 includes an electrically powered motor 470, a mechanical interface 472, and an electrical interface 474. The electrically powered motor 470 may include any of a variety of electrically powered motors for driving mechanical components and structures of the mechanical implementation portion 404, such as a lawn mower blade in this embodiment, or, for example, a rotary sweeper, snow blower impeller, and auger, etc. Depending on the application or mechanical implementation portion 404, the electrically powered motor 470 may include various electrical characteristics, AC or DC, single-phase or three-phase windings, etc., with varying degrees of horsepower and torque.

[0187] Using a dedicated electric implement motor assembly 160 for the implement 124, rather than relying on power from the vehicle engine, facilitates the use of a relatively higher powered motor. In an embodiment, the power of the implement motor assembly 160 is in the range of 5 hp to 60 hp.

[0188] Use of the electric motor assembly 160 results in ease of maintenance compared to use of a comparable dedicated internal combustion engine. Additionally, in some instances, overall weight savings for the implement 124 are possible because conventional implements are raised and lowered by an attached winch, which is not required for the embodiments described herein.

[0189] In an embodiment, the implement electric motor assembly 160 may also include an RFID tag 165. In such an embodiment, the RFID tag 165 may include information related to the implement 124, such as the implement specifications, the type of motor required, etc., as also described further below. The RFID tag 165 may be read by an RFID reader / writer 163, which may be located on the electric motor assembly 160. In an embodiment, the RFID reader / writer 163 may be located on a downward facing portion of the motor assembly 160 in order to read an upward facing RFID tag 165 on the mechanical implementation portion 404.

[0190] The mechanical interface 472 connects the electrically powered motor 470 to the implementation portion 404 at the motor interface 408. In embodiments, the mechanical interface 472 of the implement electric motor assembly 160 may include means for removably coupling the motor 470 to the mechanical interface 408 of the implementation portion 404, such as a rotating structure, a snap-fit ​​structure, a clamping structure, and other means for removably coupling the implement electric motor assembly 160 to the implementation portion 404. In one embodiment, the mechanical interface 472 acts as a key that fits into a keyway formed by the mechanical interface 408 of the implementation portion 404.

[0191] The electrical interface 472 may include a plurality of wires or cables and electrical connectors configured for mechanical and electrical connection to the hitch assembly 122 or wiring harness 140. The electrical interface 472 may be configured to receive power for operating the motor 470 and, in some embodiments, receive communication or control signals from the hitch assembly 122 or powersports vehicle 100.

[0192] As described above, the implement electric motor assembly 160 can be removably connected to the implementation portion 404. This facilitates the removal of the implement electric motor assembly 160 for servicing or replacement. Such a configuration also facilitates the use of one particular implement electric motor assembly 160 for use on multiple implements. For example, the implement electric motor assembly 160 can be used to power a lawn mower 124 in the summer and then moved to a snow blower 124 in the winter. The use of an RFID reader / writer 163 that reads the RFID tag 165 can ensure that the appropriate motor 160 is used with the implement 124, as further explained below.

[0193] Reference Fig.32 and Fig.33, depicting implement 124 coupled to hitch assembly 122 , coupled to hitch mount 200 . Fig.32 is a front view of the coupled device, and Fig.33 is a rear view of the coupled device.

[0194] As described above in the various figures, the hitch mount 200 is mounted to the powersports vehicle 100. The first coupling portion 212 and the second coupling portion 214 project away from the main portion 210 and are connected to the hitch-vehicle coupling portion 282 secured with pins 216 and 218, thereby removably connecting the hitch device 122 to the hitch mount 200. The hitch-implement coupling portion 298 is received by the implement-hitch coupling portion 400 of the implement 124, thereby removably connecting the implement 124 to the hitch device 122.

[0195] Reference Fig.34 and Fig.35 , the hitch mount 200 and the bumper assembly 480 of the powersports vehicle 100 are depicted adjacent to each other. Fig.34 A perspective view of the hitch mount 200 and the bumper assembly 480 is provided, and Fig.35 A right side view is provided.

[0196] As described above, hitch mount 200 is configured to be mounted to powersports vehicle 100 and also receive hitch arrangement 122. In an embodiment, hitch mount 200 may also be configured to removably receive and connect to bumper assembly 480. In such an embodiment, a user may choose to permanently or semi-permanently couple hitch mount 200 to powersports vehicle 100 and then selectively couple bumper assembly 480 to hitch mount 200 or hitch arrangement 122. In this way, a user may maintain powersports vehicle 100 in a non-implement mode with hitch mount 200 covered by bumper assembly 480.

[0197] In an embodiment, the bumper assembly 480 is easily and removably coupled to the hitch mount 200 in substantially the same manner as the hitch assembly 122 is coupled to the hitch mount 200. In the depicted embodiment, the bumper assembly 480 includes a bumper portion 482 having a front panel 484 and a crossbar 486, an upper bumper coupling portion 488 (488a, 488b), and a lower bumper coupling portion 490.

[0198] In this embodiment, the upper bumper coupling portion 488 includes a pair of protruding structures 488a and 488b, which in an embodiment are plate-like structures that may include curved portions as depicted. Each coupling portion 488a and 488b defines a pin receiving aperture 491 that is configured to receive one of the pins 216 or 218.

[0199] The lower bumper coupling portion 490 includes a pair of connecting rod support portions 492a and 492b that are away from the front panel 484 and protrude rearward from the front panel 484, and a connecting rod 494. The connecting rod 494 extends in the left-to-right direction between the connecting rod support portions 492a and 492b and is supported by the connecting rod support portions 492a and 492b.

[0200] When the bumper assembly 480 is coupled to the hitch mount 200, the upper bumper coupling portion 488a is aligned and overlapped with the right side top portion 236 of the hitch mount 200 such that the apertures 491 and 238 are aligned. The pin 216 is inserted through the apertures 491 and 238, thereby connecting the upper bumper coupling portion 488a and the top portion 236 of the hitch mount 200. Similarly, the upper bumper coupling portion 488b is aligned and overlapped with the left side top portion 256 of the hitch mount 200 such that the apertures 491 and 258 are aligned. The pin 218 is inserted through the apertures 491 and 258, thereby connecting the upper bumper coupling portion 488b and the top portion 256 of the hitch mount 200.

[0201] When the ends of the connecting rod 494 are received into the slots 242 and 262 of the hitch mount 200 , the lower bumper coupling portion 490 is coupled to the hitch mount 200 .

[0202] In an embodiment, the user first connects the lower bumper coupling portion 490 by inserting the ends of the connecting rod 494 into the top portions of the slots 242 and 262, and then lowering the ends into the lower portions of the slots 242 and 262 to secure the lower bumper coupling portion 490 to the hitch mount 200. Next, the bumper assembly 480 is pivoted about the connecting rod 494 to align the upper bumper coupling portions 488a and 488b with the top portions 236 and 256 of the hitch mount 200, and then the pins 216 and 218 are inserted through the upper bumper coupling portions 488a and 488b and the top portions 236 and 256.

[0203] The method for coupling the hitch arrangement 122 to the hitch mount 200 is substantially the same as the method for coupling the bumper assembly 480 to the hitch mount 200 described immediately above.

[0204] Reference Fig.36 and Fig.37 , depicts an embodiment of an input device 182 for controlling operation of the hitch assembly 122 and / or the implement 124 and certain functions of the powersports vehicle 100. In this embodiment, the input device 182 is a pivoting joystick controller 182. Fig.36 is a front view of the joystick 182, and Fig.37 is a right side view of the joystick 182. In this embodiment, the joystick 182 includes a grippable portion 500 (which may also be referred to as a "control stick"), a control face 502, and a plurality of input buttons 504 (including input buttons 504a, 504b, 504c, 504d, and 504e).

[0205] The graspable portion 500 is configured to be grasped by the hand of a user or operator of the powersports vehicle 100 , with the control face 502 facing upward and in a front-to-rear direction for easy viewing by the user.

[0206] The input buttons 504 may include various types of physical or graphical buttons, such as a power button 504a for turning power on and off the implement 124, a speed control button 504b for controlling the motor speed or swivel speed of the implement 124, implement raise and lower buttons 504c and 504d for raising and lowering the hitch assembly 122, and a vehicle function button 504e, which in an embodiment selectively controls any of various powersports vehicle 100 functions, such as windshield wiper movement. Depending on the features of the implement 124 and the powersports vehicle 100, as well as other considerations, the joystick 182 may include more or fewer control buttons.

[0207] In an embodiment, the joystick 182 pivots about the base portion 506 of the grippable portion 500. The pivotal movement of the joystick 182 can be used to control the operation of the powersports vehicle 100 and / or the hitch system 120. Arrows A1, A2, A3, and A4 indicate the available pivotal movement directions of the joystick 182. In an embodiment, the pivotal movement of the joystick 182 causes movement of the hitch assembly 122 and / or the implement 124. In one such embodiment, movement of the joystick 182 in direction A1 lowers the hitch assembly 122 and the attached implement 124; movement of the joystick 182 in direction A2 raises the hitch assembly 122 and the attached implement 124; movement in direction A3 turns or rotates the implement 124 to the left (if the implement 124 is configured for such rotation); and movement of the joystick 182 in direction A4 turns or rotates the implement 124 to the right.

[0208] Many configurations for controlling the hitch attachment 122 and implement 124 via the various joystick 182 buttons and movements are possible such that the examples described above are not intended to be limiting.

[0209] The joystick 182 may be generally located within the interior of the powersports vehicle 100 , including on the dashboard, center console, or in a unique embodiment as described below, in a pivoting armrest.

[0210] Reference Fig.38 In an embodiment, the powersports vehicle 100 includes a seat assembly 519 that includes an armrest 520, an operator-side seat 522, a passenger-side seat 524, a center back support portion 526, and a center seat portion 528. In an embodiment, the seat assembly and the center back support portion 526 define a recess 530 that is configured to receive a portion of the armrest 520 when the armrest 520 is in an upright or stowed position.

[0211] The armrest 520 is located between the operator-side seat 522 and the passenger-side seat 524 and is pivotable, as indicated by arrow A5, between an upright or stowed position (not depicted) and a lowered or use position (depicted).

[0212] In an embodiment, the armrest 520 includes a main portion 521 defining a joystick receiving recess 530 and a slidable wrist rest 532. The joystick 182 is pivotally connected to the main portion 521 of the armrest 520 at its base portion 506 and can be pivoted between a use position in which the joystick 182 is in an upright position (depicted) and a stowed position (not depicted). In the stowed position, the joystick 182 is pivoted downward and received in the joystick receiving recess 530. Arrow A6 indicates the pivot direction of the joystick 182.

[0213] An optional wrist rest 532 is connected to the main body portion 521, and in some embodiments, is slidably connected to the main body portion 521. The wrist rest 532 protrudes upward and away from the main portion 521 to provide a convenient and ergonomic support structure for the operator's wrist or arm. In addition, in a slidable embodiment, the wrist rest 532 is configured to be moved forward or backward by the user to achieve a comfortable and supportive position.

[0214] When fully stowed, the joystick 182 is pivoted to the stowed position and received in the joystick receiving recess 530 , the armrest 520 is in the upright position, and the wrist rest 532 is received in the recess 530 .

[0215] In a hardwired embodiment of the joystick 182 , the wires connecting the joystick 182 to the powersports vehicle 100 and its control system may be hidden within the main portion 521 and routed to other portions of the powersports vehicle 100 for connection to the implement controller 142 .

[0216] The joystick armrest embodiment for controlling the hitch system 120 provides ergonomic and comfortable access to the joystick 182 while protecting the joystick 182 from inadvertent damage and misuse.

[0217] In addition to the joystick 182, or as an alternative to the joystick 182, a user interface 184 may be used, such as an in-vehicle infotainment (IVI) system having a display screen. In such an embodiment, the display screen may display various graphical user interfaces having graphical icons and buttons. The user may select various graphical buttons or interactive graphics to operate the hitch system 120 with or without the use of the joystick 182.

[0218] In addition to the various devices and systems described above, embodiments of the present disclosure also include a plurality of associated methods or processes, some of which have been described to some extent above. Figure 39 to Figure 41 Several methods are described in .

[0219] Specific reference Fig.39 , depicts a method 600 for distributing power to a hitch-implement system 120 .

[0220] At step 602, a first electrical power from the powersports vehicle 100 is distributed to the modular vehicle hitch device 122. Figure 3 As described, the first power may be provided by a vehicle battery (e.g., in the case of a BEV, a traction motor battery 146). In another embodiment, a vehicle battery 148 of an ICE powertrain 100 may provide the first power to the hitch device 122. In an embodiment, distributing the first power from the powertrain to the modular vehicle hitch includes distributing DC power from the battery of the powertrain to the vehicle hitch 122 via a wiring harness and connector system.

[0221] In yet another embodiment, the hitch assembly 122 may include a dedicated hitch-implement battery 188 ( Figure 5 ), instead of receiving the first power from the power sports vehicle 100.

[0222] The first power distributed to the hitch device 122 may include DC power having a voltage determined by the vehicle battery power source. In a BEV embodiment, the first power may be 48VDC power. In other embodiments, the first power may be in the range of 12VDC to 60VDC.

[0223] At step 604, the first power received at the vehicle hitch 122 may be modified to a voltage suitable for the hitch device 122. In a BEV embodiment, the powertrain 100 provides a relatively high voltage from the traction motor battery 146, which then needs to be stepped down by the voltage converter 152 for use by the hitch lift actuator 150 (see also Figure 3 ). In an embodiment, the voltage is reduced to 12 VDC. In other embodiments, the received power may be modified to provide an appropriate voltage for a selected portable power source (e.g., power source 154 at hitch implement 122). In one such embodiment, power source 154 receives and provides power having the same characteristics as received from voltage converter 152, e.g., 12 VDC, but in other embodiments, the first power may be modified to provide AC power, e.g., 120 VAC, for powering external devices.

[0224] At step 606, the modified power of step 604 is distributed to the actuator 150 of the vehicle hitch 122. As described above, such modified power may include 12VDC power or another voltage power suitable for the actuator 150.

[0225] At step 608, the first power from the powertrain 100 is also distributed to the vehicle implement 124 for powering the implement motor 160 on the vehicle implement 124. In a BEV embodiment, the first power is provided by a battery (e.g., traction motor battery 146) of the powertrain 100. In an embodiment, the first power may be received at an inverter or controller inverter for powering the implement motor 160.

[0226] At step 610, second power from the powersports vehicle 100 is distributed to the vehicle implement 124 for powering a device associated with the implement device. The second power may be distributed from a power source of the powersports vehicle 100 other than the power source that provides the first power, and may have different characteristics than the first power. In one such embodiment, a battery other than the traction motor battery 146 (e.g., the vehicle battery 148) provides the second power. For example, while the traction motor battery 146 may be a relatively high voltage battery for powering the traction motor 143, the vehicle battery 148 may be a low voltage battery, e.g., 12 VDC or the like, for powering low voltage vehicle systems and accessories. Such power may be received by the implement controller 142 and provided to actuators 164 of the implement 124, such as Figure 3 Described in.

[0227] Reference Fig.40 , and also refer to Figure 4A system of the type described herein is depicted and described a method 620 of controlling a modular vehicle hitch and implement for a powersports vehicle.

[0228] At step 622, user input requesting hitch 122 movement and / or implement 124 operation is received at a user input device 182 of the powersports vehicle 100. The user input may be received from a user input device 182 (e.g., a joystick 182) or another input device (e.g., an IVI or other user input device 182 with a display screen). The user input may be received over a wired or wireless network.

[0229] At step 624, after receiving the user input, hitch and implement control signals requesting movement of the hitch arrangement 122 and operation of the implement 124 are transmitted from the vehicle controller 174 to the implement controller. The transmission of the hitch and implement control signals may occur via the wiring harness 140 and the implement network 186.

[0230] At step 626 , the hitch control signal from the implement controller 142 is transmitted via the implement network 186 to the actuator 150 of the hitch arrangement 122 .

[0231] At step 628 , a hitch control signal is received at the actuator 150 , causing the hitch 122 to move.

[0232] At step 630 , the implement control signal is transmitted from the implement controller 142 to the electromechanical device or inverter 162 of the implement 124 via the implement network 186 .

[0233] At step 632, an implement control signal is received at an electromechanical device (e.g., implement inverter 162, implement motor 160, or actuator (not depicted)) of the implement 124, thereby causing the implement 124 to operate. In an embodiment, the operation of the implement 124 includes causing the implement motor 160 to operate, such as by rotating a shaft that rotates with a rotating mechanism (e.g., a mower blade, a rotary sweeper, an impeller, etc.) of the implement 124. The operation of the implement 124 may also include operating other electromechanical devices (e.g., actuators of the implement 124, including actuators to move the angle of the plow blade) and other such non-rotating implement movements.

[0234] Reference Fig.41 , depicts a method 650 for operating a hitch-implement system.

[0235] At step 652, the operator attaches the implement 124 to the hitch device 122. In embodiments, the operator has previously attached the hitch device 122 to the power sport vehicle 100, as described above. The implement 124 may be located at ground level, with the implement-hitch coupling portion 404 accessible to the hitch device 122. The operator moves the power sport vehicle with the hitch device 122 attached so that its hitch-implement coupling portion 298 is aligned directly below the implement coupling portion 400. The hitch device 122 is then raised, causing the hitch-implement coupling portion 298 to be received by the implement-hitch coupling portion, thereby coupling the implement 124 to the hitch device 122. In other embodiments where the implement 124 is relatively small, it may be possible for the implement 124 to be lifted and placed onto the stationary hitch device 122.

[0236] At step 654, the operator attaches the implement motor assembly 160 to the mechanical implementation portion 404 of the implement 124. As described above, the motor assembly 160 may be removably connected so that the operator may use the removable motor assembly 160 on more than one implement 124.

[0237] At step 656, the operator makes electrical connections from the powersports vehicle 100 to the hitch assembly 122 and the implement 124. In an embodiment, the operator connects a portion of the wiring harness 140 on the powersports vehicle with another portion of the wiring harness 140 on the hitch assembly 122 and / or the implement 124. The electrical connection(s) may be made by engaging mating portions of electrical connectors of the wiring harness 140.

[0238] At step 658 , the operator powers on the powersports vehicle 100 using the key.

[0239] At step 660, the systems of the powersports vehicle 100 including the ECU 174 perform a system check as described at least in steps 662 through 670. Generally, the system check for vehicle, hitch or implement faults should be corrected before operating the powersports vehicle 100 and hitch-implement system 120.

[0240] As part of the system checks, the powersports vehicle 100 with the ECU 174 is configured to check for vehicle faults at step 662, hitch faults at step 664, and implement faults at step 666. If no faults are detected, then at step 684, the implement controller 142 configures itself and the powersports vehicle 100.

[0241] If a vehicle fault, hitch fault, or implement fault exists per any of steps 662 , 664 , or 666 , then at step 668 , an operator is warned that a fault has been detected that may include a serious fault, and at step 670 , operation of the powersports vehicle 100 is disabled.

[0242] At step 684 , if a fault is not detected or present in steps 662 through 666 , the implement controller 142 configures itself and the powersports vehicle 100 according to steps 686 through 694 .

[0243] At step 686, the implement controller 142 reads or otherwise determines the specifications and limitations of the implement motor assembly 160, and at step 688, the RFID reader / writer 163 reads the RFID tag 165 on the implement 124. In an embodiment, when the implement 124 is electrically connected to the wiring harness 140 and the implement controller 142, data from the motor assembly 160 is made available to the implement controller 142.

[0244] Data regarding the specifications of the motor assembly 160 and the electrically powered motor 470 informs the implement controller 142 of relevant motor operating characteristics, such as motor speed and torque envelope. Thus, after reading the RFID tag 165 on the implement 124, the implement controller 142 can determine whether the provided motor assembly 160 is suitable for use with a particular implement 124. For example, a motor that is too small or does not provide the necessary torque for the implement 124 should not be used. Similarly, larger capacity motors may present operational and safety issues.

[0245] In embodiments where the motor assembly 160 is removable, being able to compare the motor characteristics to the implement 124 requirements ensures proper and safe operation of the implement 124, and provides other benefits. The use of RFID tags 165 and RFID readers / writers 163 is advantageous in part because such technology is relatively inexpensive, durable, and does not require any connections to be made by the operator.

[0246] However, embodiments of the present disclosure contemplate alternatives to RFID technology for matching the motor assembly 160 to the implement 124. In embodiments, an EEPROM chip may be used to store information about the motor assembly 160 that can be read by the implement controller 142. The EEPROM chip can store a large amount of data, including usage data, which is beneficial not only for matching, but also for collecting and storing historical usage data. However, such an embodiment may require an operator to make an electrical connection between the reader and the chip, and may not be as robust as RFID technology.

[0247] In another embodiment, a resistor network may be used to confirm that the motor assembly 160 is suitable for use with the implement 124. In such an embodiment, the user will likely have to make electrical connections or plug connectors together, and parameters will need to be stored in the implement controller 142.

[0248] In yet another embodiment, the implement may include a vehicle communication network (eg, LIN / CAN control module) to read and interpret the motor data.

[0249] As mentioned above about Figure 3 and Figure 5 Briefly described, in an embodiment, an RFID tag 165 can be mounted to the implement 124, such as on the mechanical implementation portion 404, while the RFID reader 163 is mounted on the face of the motor assembly 160, so that when the motor assembly 160 is mounted to the implement 124, the motor face and the reader / writer 163 face the implement 124 and its RFID tag 165. Given that the RFID tag 165 needs to be aligned with the RFID reader / writer 163, in an embodiment, it is possible to position them so that they are aligned only when the motor is properly mounted to the implement. This provides an additional safety measure because the implement controller can be configured to not allow the motor assembly 160 to be powered or operated before the RFID tag 165 is read.

[0250] In another embodiment, which may or may not be used with the RFID matching configuration described above, includes placing an RFID reader / writer 163 on a face of the hitch 122, such as on the hitch-implement coupling portion 298, and placing an RFID tag 165 on the implement-hitch coupling portion 404 of the implement 124, so that when the coupling portions 298 and 400, and therefore the hitch assembly 122 and the implement 124, are attached, the RFID reader / writer 163 is able to read the RFID tag 165. Such a configuration may be used to ensure that the hitch assembly 122 is properly aligned with and connected to the implement 124.

[0251] In addition, such an embodiment can also be used to ensure that only implements 124 that are appropriate for the hitch device 122 and / or the power sports vehicle 100 are operable. For example, such a configuration can be used to prevent very large and heavy implements 124 from being used with a relatively small power sports vehicle 100.

[0252] As discussed above, various information may be included in, and read from and written to, the RFID tag 165, including: implement type; minimum, maximum, and nominal motor speeds; minimum motor torque; ideal motor torque; maximum motor torque; maximum vehicle speed; vehicle pedal characteristic map; implement hours; implement serial number; and other such information.

[0253] Regarding the implement type, in an embodiment, the information will inform the user interface (e.g., IVI) to provide the correct / appropriate implement instructions to the user and configure the joystick 182 or other user interface button for a multi-purpose button.

[0254] Regarding motor speed, in an embodiment, the information may be used to set a desired motor speed for the attached implement 124 , as well as user-adjustable minimum and maximum speeds for advanced users to keep the motor within a safe range to prevent implement damage.

[0255] With respect to motor torque, in an embodiment, information may be used to prevent operation if the operator attaches a motor assembly 160 that is too small for the implement 124. Information may also be used to alert the operator that the motor assembly 160 attached to the implement 124 will work, but a higher torque motor will be required for peak performance. Likewise, motor torque may be limited to a safe level for a high torque motor to avoid implement damage.

[0256] Regarding maximum vehicle speed, in an embodiment, the information may be used to automatically set the maximum / ideal speed of the powersports vehicle 100 so that the operator can simply put their foot down and not need to worry about adjusting the speed.

[0257] With respect to vehicle pedal mapping, in an embodiment, the RFID tag 165 may include data that assists the implement controller 142 and / or ECU 174 in mapping the accelerator pedal for use with a particular use of the attached implement 124 .

[0258] Regarding tool hours, in an embodiment, the RFID reader / writer 163 on the motor assembly 160 can update the hours at each shutdown and then trigger a maintenance interval warning via a user interface 184 (e.g., IVI) or push notification on a remote computing device 183 via an external network 185.

[0259] In addition, when the implement 124 is identifiable, for example, by the RFID tag 165 and the reader / writer 163, an implement that should not be operable when the power-moving vehicle 100 is moving in reverse gear can be identified and the operation of the implement 124 temporarily suspended. In an embodiment, when the power-moving vehicle 100 enters reverse gear immediately or after a certain time and / or a certain distance, power to the motor assembly 160 can be automatically cut off. For example, cutting power to the snow blower implement 124 when the vehicle 100 is in reverse gear can prevent jamming of the snow blower.

[0260] At step 690, the implement type read from the RFID tag 165 is communicated to the powersports vehicle 100, which includes a user interface 184, which may be an IVI. In an embodiment, as part of the configuration process, the IVI may configure itself to display telemetry that is particularly important to the attached implement 124, as well as automatically provide a pop-up message with a quick operating guide for using the implement 124 and associated controls (e.g., controls of the joystick 182).

[0261] At step 692, the ECU 174 configures the drive system settings of the vehicle 100 for the attached implement 124. In an embodiment, a vehicle control module (e.g., ECU 174 or the like) receives settings such as maximum vehicle speed when the implement 124 is attached or when running. For example, when attached, such as when a very heavy implement 124 is attached to the front of the vehicle, the speed of the powersports vehicle 100 may be limited. However, when the implement is actually running / operating, the vehicle speed may be further limited to an even lower speed. Similarly, in the case of a reduced speed limit, the vehicle pedal characteristic map can be readjusted to obtain full pedal resolution at the limited lower speed, so that ideally, the operator can only fully depress the pedal to obtain the best use of the attached implement 124.

[0262] At step 294, the implement controller 142 configures the controller settings of the implement motor assembly 160 for the particular attached implement 124. Different implements 124 may require different PID parameter tuning for things like the speed control loop, since the implements will experience different inertias and loads. Similarly, as described above, maximum torque and maximum speed are configured for the attached implement 124 to protect it from damage.

[0263] Following configuration at step 684 , at step 672 , the implement controller 142 performs a number of additional checks before allowing operation of the implement 142 .

[0264] At step 672 , if any critical faults are present, the operator is warned at step 668 , and operation of the implement 124 and / or vehicle 100 is disabled at step 670 .

[0265] If there is no serious fault, then at step 674, the implement controller 142 checks whether the seat switch is active, ie, checks for a seated operator. If not, the power to the implement 124 is disabled.

[0266] If the seat switch is active, then at step 676, in an embodiment, a check is made to confirm that the powersports vehicle 100 is in low range or low gear and in forward gear (not reverse gear). Allowing operation only in vehicle low gear prevents belt rotation combustion on CVT vehicles and prevents motor overheating on EV versions of the powersports vehicle 100.

[0267] If the powersports vehicle 100 is not in low gear, power to the implement 124 is disabled; if so, then in an embodiment, at step 678 , an ePTO switch check is performed at step 678 .

[0268] When present, an ePTO (electronic power take-off) switch is a physical or graphical switch used to turn power on and off to the electrical power supply 124. If such a switch is off, it is assumed that the operator does not want the implement 124 to be powered, so power to the implement 124 is disabled. If the ePTO switch is engaged at step 678, then at step 680, power to the implement 124 is enabled.

[0269] Thus, embodiments of the present disclosure address many of the shortcomings of known hitch and implement systems by providing a convenient modular hitch and implement arrangement and system that is conveniently and removably connectable to a variety of powersports vehicles.

[0270] Reference now Figure 2 and Figure 42 to Figure 44 The hitch device 122 is configured to be attached to the power sports vehicle 100 and connected to the implement 124. The hitch device 122 can be configured to be attached to the front end 130 and / or the rear end 132 of the power sports vehicle 100, such as Figure 2 Described in. Figure 42 to Figure 45 A lawn mower implement is illustrated attached to the front of the powersports vehicle 100 .

[0271] In the embodiment, a hitch device 122 is depicted attached to a front end 130 and another hitch device 122 is depicted attached to a rear end 132. However, it will be understood that the system 120 may include one or more hitch devices 122 and one or more implements 124.

[0272] In an embodiment, and as further described below, the hitch arrangement 122 is configured to move up and down relative to the ground plane or surface upon which the vehicle 100 rests, which in turn raises and lowers the attached implement 124. In other embodiments, other degrees of freedom and movements are contemplated.

[0273] The implement 124 may include any of a variety of electric mechanical devices or implements having an electric implement motor assembly and / or actuator for performing tasks in combination with the powersports vehicle 100, including for snow removal, driveway cleaning, landscaping, agriculture, and the like. Examples of implements 124 include mowers, snow blowers, plows, rotary sweepers, buckets, rakes, rake blades, brush mowers, wood chippers, power graders, box scrapers, pole lifters, soil conditioners, landscape rakes, spreaders, sprayers, power washers, augers, brush cutters, log splitters, vacuum dust collectors, disc plows, tillers, trim mowers, pallet forks, chip blowers, cultivators, and planters, and the like. In some embodiments, and as further described below, the implement 124 may include an actuator for positioning the implement 124 relative to the hitch device 122 and / or an electric motor for performing implement functions (e.g., rotating a mower blade, impeller, or rotary sweeper).

[0274] Reference Fig.42 , Fig.43 and Fig.51 , illustrates a powersports vehicle 100 with a lawnmower implement 124 having a lawnmower stand 403 supported by a suspension system 401 and hitched to the vehicle at a hitch arrangement 122 . Fig.42 The vehicle is illustrated with a lawn mower implement in the process of mowing grass with the lawn mower implement following ground terrain 404 in front of the vehicle. Fig.43 The vehicle is illustrated with the hitch arrangement raised to raise the lawn mower implement off the ground or floor surface 404 . Fig.51 The vehicle 100 is illustrated with the lawn mower implement 124 raised and rotated rearward for, for example, inspection, maintenance, or storage.

[0275] Fig.44 Depicted is a lawn mower implement 124 separated from a hitch assembly 122 and a hitch mount 200 removed from the vehicle. The lawn mower implement 124 has a hitch coupling portion 400, a support assembly configured as a suspension assembly 401, a lawn mower stand 403, and a modular electric motor unit 405. The implement-hitch coupling portion 400, configured as a female A-frame hitch, is positioned at a rearward end of the suspension assembly 401 and is configured to connect to the hitch assembly 122 at a male A-frame hitch portion 123 that can connect to a hitch mount 200 on a powersports vehicle 100. Fig.45 An exploded view of the suspension assembly 401 is depicted.

[0276] Reference Figure 43 to Figure 51 , depicts further details and components of an embodiment of a lawn mower implement 124 .

[0277] The mower deck 403 has a deck housing 407 having an upper deck portion 409 and a downwardly extending skirt portion 411 at an outer periphery 412 of the mower deck housing 407. A motor receiving area 413 is positioned on and above a raised platform 416. A pulley system 418, discussed in more detail below, is positioned above and on the upper deck portion 409 and provides power to three mower blades 423 positioned in a cutting area 425, which is defined as the area below the upper deck portion 409 and within the skirt portion 411, when the deck is lowered to the ground and is operable. One or more removable covers 424 may be attached over the pulley system 418.

[0278] A plurality of ground engaging wheels 429 may be supported by outrigger members 431 secured to the upper plate portion and positioned around the outer periphery of the mower deck housing 407. The wheels 429 may be configured as casters that are rotatable about a vertical axis. In an embodiment, the wheels carry a significant portion or substantially all of the weight of the mower deck during mowing. In an embodiment, the mower deck housing may not be supported by wheels and, for example in a brush mower implement, may be supported entirely by a power motion vehicle.

[0279] The suspension assembly 401 is mounted to the mower deck 403 and extends upwardly from the mower deck 403. In an embodiment, the suspension assembly includes a pair of pivot supports 423, 478 attached to the upper plate portion 409 or ribs 409.4 thereon, such as by welding, with a first lower pivot support 423 positioned rearwardly proximate a rearward boundary 479 of the mower deck and a second lower pivot support 478 positioned forwardly of the first pivot support but rearwardly of a midpoint M of the front-to-rear length of the mower deck. The intermediate support frame 444.1 configured as a closed loop (for example, a rectangular shape) is pivotally connected to the lower pivot supports 423, 478 at the forward portion 450.1 and the rearward portion 450.2 of the intermediate support frame 444.1 by means of a forward pivot connection 444.3 and a rearward pivot connection 444.5, so that the intermediate support partially rotates around the front-back axis α1. In an embodiment, the rotation range of the intermediate support frame can be in the range of about 10 degrees to 30 degrees. In an embodiment, the rotation range of the intermediate support can be in the range of about 20 degrees to 40 degrees. In an embodiment, the rotation range of the intermediate support can be in the range of about 5 degrees to 40 degrees.

[0280] The intermediate support frame 444.1 is pivotally connected to an upper suspension frame 454 having a pair of arms 456, 458 pivotally connected at a pair of side pivot connections 460, 462 at left and right portions 466, 468 of the intermediate support frame 444.1, thereby providing a left and right extension axis α2. The arms extend rearwardly to a crossing portion 464 connected to the hitch coupling portion 400.

[0281] The suspension assembly 401 defines a motor unit receiving area 413 therein. Positioning the motor therein results in the weight of the motor being a substantially insignificant consideration when the mower deck is pivoted about either the front-to-back axis α1 or the left-to-right axis α2. That is, the weight of the motor does not affect any significant moments about the respective axes α1 and α2.

[0282] When the mower stand is Fig.43 When raised as shown in FIG. 4, the forward boundary 403.4 of the mower stand 403 can be easily lifted to Fig.51 and Fig.52 425 faces forward. This arrangement provides for easy cleaning, inspection and maintenance, and further reduces the overall footprint of the vehicle and implement for parking and / or storage.

[0283] A pair of manually operable extendable and retractable biasing pins may be secured to the left and / or right portions 466, 468 of the intermediate support frame 444.1 to extend into apertures 460.1, 460.2 on the arms 456, 458 of the upper suspension frame 454. The arms may have leads in the cam surfaces 472.1, 472.2 for deflecting the pins as the mower deck is rotated upward so that the pins automatically retract as the pins approach the apertures and then extend into the apertures, thereby locking the mower deck in the upward position, as shown. Fig.51 and Fig.52 as shown in .

[0284] Also refer to Fig.49 , Fig.53 and Fig.56 In an embodiment, the modular electric motor unit 405 includes the electric motor assembly 160 , an adapter 417 , and one or more manually operated latches depicted as biased latch pins 419 .

[0285] In an embodiment, electric motor assembly 160 includes electric motor 470 , electrical interface 474 , and handle 421 .

[0286] The electric motor 470 may include any of a variety of electrically powered motors for driving mechanical components and structures of the implement 124, including the lawn mower implement 124. Depending on the needs of the implement 124, the electric motor 470 may include various electrical characteristics, AC or DC, single or three-phase windings, etc., with varying degrees of horsepower and torque. In an embodiment, the power of the implement motor assembly 160 is in the range of 5 hp to 60 hp; in another embodiment, the power of the motor assembly 160 is in the range of about 20 hp to about 40 hp. In another embodiment, the motor assembly is in the range of about 25 hp to 45 hp.

[0287] The electric motor 470 also includes a bottom portion 433 and a motor output shaft 435 having a coupling end 437. In an embodiment, the bottom portion 433 may be circular and configured to be received by the adapter 417, as further described below. In an embodiment, the motor output shaft 435 protrudes through an opening in the bottom portion 433 of the electric motor 470, extending outwardly and away from the bottom portion 433. In an embodiment, the coupling end 437 defines an implement shaft receiving cavity 439 and includes a plurality of alternating splines 441 and grooves 443. The coupling end 437 and the implement receiving cavity 439 are configured to connect to a mating coupling 440, which may include a drive shaft 440.2 as further described below for rotating the mower blade 423.

[0288] The electrical interface 474 may include various electrical connectors, wiring harnesses, wires, and electrical terminals for receiving motor power and motor control or communication signals from the powersports vehicle 100. In an embodiment, the electrical interface 474 includes a plurality of terminals 475 for receiving motor power from the powersports vehicle 100 and one or more control and communication wiring harnesses 477 having connectors.

[0289] In an embodiment, motor power from the powersports vehicle 100 may be supplied via the electrical interface 474 and the terminals 475 from a battery of the powersports vehicle 100 or from a battery dedicated to powering the electric motor 470 that may be located on the implement 124, the hitch 122, or the powersports vehicle 100. In the case of an electric vehicle 100, power may be provided by the vehicle's traction motor battery. In the case of an ICE-powered powersports vehicle 100, power may be provided by an auxiliary battery that, in one embodiment, is charged by the powersports vehicle 10's charging system. In some embodiments, power from the battery may be provided via an inverter for converting DC battery power to AC motor power.

[0290] In an embodiment, a control and communication wiring harness 477 communicatively couples the electric motor 470 to a controller of the powersports vehicle 100 for controlling the implement 124 and its electric motor 470 .

[0291] The electrical interface 474 may also include other wiring harnesses and connectors for receiving low voltage DC power from the electric motor 470 to power optional electronic devices that may be part of the electric motor assembly 160 (e.g., an RFID reader configured to read an RFID tag of the implement 124).

[0292] In an embodiment, the handle 421 forms a U-shape that extends outward and away from the electric motor 470, and is configured to be grasped by a user mounting the modular electric motor unit 405 to the implement 124. In an embodiment, the electric motor assembly 160 may include multiple handles 409, for example, a first handle on a first side of the electric motor assembly 160 and a second handle 409 on a second and opposite side of the electric motor assembly 160. A pair of opposing handles may be particularly useful for lifting and maneuvering larger, heavier modular electric motor units 401.

[0293] Reference Figure 54 to Figure 56 , in an embodiment and as depicted, the adapter 417 forms a generally annular shape and defines a central opening 451. In an embodiment, the adapter 417 includes a top side 453, a bottom side 455 having a bottom surface 457, an annular body portion 459 having a flange portion 461, a first latch pin receiving portion 463 defining a first pin receiving through passage 465, a second latch pin receiving portion 467 defining a second pin receiving passage 469, and a plurality of interface portions 471 including a first interface portion 471a, a second interface portion 471b, and a third interface portion 471c. Although an extendable and retractable pin is illustrated as providing a latch of the modular electric motor unit to the mower deck, other latches (e.g., an over-center clamp) or other mechanisms may be utilized to achieve tool-less attachment and removal of the motor unit 405 to the mower deck 403.

[0294] The annular body portion 459 forms a generally annular shape and includes a flange portion 461, a sidewall 473, a first side portion 475, and a second side portion 476b. The sidewall 473 may generally form an annular shape and, together with the flange portion 461, define an annular motor receiving channel 479 that is configured to receive the bottom portion 433 of the electric motor assembly 160. In other embodiments, the motor receiving channel 479 may define a shape other than an annular ring, but may generally have a shape complementary to the bottom end portion 433 of the electric motor assembly 160 to be able to receive the bottom end portion 433.

[0295] In an embodiment, the body portion 459 and the sidewall 473 form a keyway 481 configured to receive a key or other structure of the electric motor assembly 160 for orientation of the electric motor assembly 160 .

[0296] In an embodiment, flange portion 461 may include a plurality of through holes 483 for receiving fasteners or other structures of electric motor assembly 160. Body portion 459 may also include a plurality of holes 485 for receiving fasteners to connect electric motor assembly 160 to body portion 459 and adapter 417.

[0297] The first latch pin receiving portion 463 is attached to the body portion 459 at the first side 475 of the body portion 459 and may be integral with the body portion 459. In an embodiment, and as depicted, the first latch pin receiving portion 463 includes a flange portion 487, a side wall 489, and a raised portion 499a defining a gap 493. The side wall 489 and the flange portion 487 form a pin receiving through passage 465.

[0298] The second latch pin receiving portion 467 is attached to the body portion 459 at the second side 476b of the body portion 459 and may be integral with the body portion 459. In an embodiment, and as depicted, the second latch pin receiving portion 467 includes a flange portion 495, a side wall 497, and a raised portion 499b that defines a gap 501. The side wall 497 and the flange portion 495 form a pin receiving through passage 469.

[0299] In an embodiment, the first latch pin receiving portion 465 is positioned opposite the second latch pin receiving portion 467 .

[0300] In an embodiment, each interface portion 471, including 471a, 471b, and 471c, is attached to the body portion 459 and extends circumferentially at the outer periphery 503 of the body portion 459. In an embodiment, each interface portion 471 includes a circumferentially facing end surface 505 with a first surface 507, which may be an angled surface, and a second surface or seating surface 509, which may be a horizontal surface. The third or stop surface 509 of the body portion 459 may also include a portion of the interface portion 471. In the depicted embodiment, the adapter 417 includes three interface portions 471. However, in other embodiments, the adapter 417 may include fewer or more interface portions 471 depending on the motor size, motor shape, tool configuration, etc.

[0301] The manually operated biased latch pin 419 includes a gripping portion 921, a pin 523, a pin free end 525, and a biasing spring (not depicted).

[0302] Also refer to Fig.49 and Fig.53When the modular electric motor unit 405 is assembled, the bottom end 433 of the electric motor assembly 160 is received in the motor receiving passage 479 of the adapter 417. Fasteners pass through holes in the electric motor assembly 160 and holes 485 of the adapter 417 to attach the electric motor assembly 160 to the adapter 417. The manually operated biased latch pin 419 is received in the first latch pin receiving portion 463 and the second latch pin receiving portion 467, wherein the pin 525 and bias spring of the latch pin 419 are received in the pin receiving through passages 465 and 469. Fig.56 In the configuration depicted in , the latch pin 419 is in the motor release position so that the pin end 525 does not protrude beyond the adapter bottom surface 457. In contrast, in the motor attachment position, the end 525 will protrude beyond the adapter bottom surface 457 to be received in the hole of the receiving area 413, as further described below.

[0303] In an embodiment of the modular electric motor unit 405, the coupling end 437 of the motor output shaft 435 extends outwardly from the motor bottom end 433, but does not extend beyond the adapter bottom surface 457. By not extending beyond the surface 457, the bottom surface 457 of the adapter 417 can rest flat on a storage surface when the modular electric motor unit 405 is not connected to the lawn mower implement 124.

[0304] Reference Fig.50 and Fig.57 , depicts a receiving area 413 of a mower deck 403 configured to receive a modular electric motor unit 405. In this embodiment, the receiving area 413 includes a platform elevated above and spaced apart from an upper plate portion 409 of the mower deck 403. In this embodiment, the receiving area 413 includes a support 553, which may be a plate-like or substantially plate-like structure, and a plurality of capture portions 555. The support 553 defines latch pin receiving apertures 557, including a first latch pin receiving aperture 557a and a second latch pin receiving aperture 557b. The support 553 also defines a coupling aperture 559.

[0305] The support 553 may be a generally flat structure for receiving the adapter 417 of the modular electric motor unit 405 having a surface 561 configured to abut the bottom surface 457 of the adapter 417. The hole 557 is configured to receive the pin end 525 of the pin 523 of the manually operated biased latch pin 419.

[0306] The mating coupling 562 of the mower deck 403 extends through the coupling hole 559 of the support 553 and beyond the plate surface 561. In an embodiment, the mating coupling 562 is a spline structure configured to be received into the implement-coupling receiving cavity 439 at the coupling end 437 of the motor shaft 435.

[0307] The capture portion 555 is configured to “capture” a portion of the adapter 417 to assist in securing the modular electric motor unit 405 to the receiving area 413 of the mower deck 403. More specifically, the capture portion 555 is configured to capture the interface portion 471 of the adapter 417.

[0308] In an embodiment, the receiving area 413 includes three capture portions 555 located at the support 553, but in other embodiments, more or fewer capture portions 555 may be used. The capture portions 555 may be attached directly to the surface 561 of the support 553, may be attached to an edge of the support 553 such that the capture portions are suspended above the surface 561, or may be attached to another structure of the mower deck 403 of the suspension assembly 401 such that the capture portions are suspended above the surface 561. Other embodiments of the receiving area 413 having the capture portions 555 located at the support 553 are also contemplated.

[0309] In an embodiment, each capture portion 555 forms an L shape. In such an embodiment, the capture portion 555 includes a first portion 563 extending in a direction transverse to the surface 561 of the support 553 and a second portion 565 extending transversely from the end of the first portion 563. Each capture portion 555 combines with the surface 561 of the support 553 to form an adapter interface receiving portion 567. The adapter interface receiving portion 567 can define a slot or space for receiving the interface portion 471 of the adapter 417.

[0310] Reference Figure 44 to Figure 45 , Figure 49 to Figure 50 and Figure 56 to Figure 57, when the modular motor unit 405 is received by the receiving area 413 and in the locked and operative position, the coupling end 437 of the motor output shaft 435 is coupled to the mating coupling 562 of the mower deck 403, which in an embodiment means that the mating coupling 562 is received into the implement-coupling receiving cavity 439 of the coupling end 437. In one such embodiment, the splines 441 of the coupling end 437 are received into corresponding grooves of the mating coupling 562, and the splines or teeth of the mating coupling 562 are received into the grooves 443 of the mating coupling 562, thereby engaging the motor output shaft 435 with the implement 124. The modular electric motor unit 405 is seated on the support 553 so that the bottom surface 457 of the adapter 417 abuts against the surface 561 of the support 553. The capture portion 555 engages or captures the interface portion 471 of the adapter 417, which in an embodiment means that each interface portion 471 is received into the interface receiving portion 567. The pin free ends 525 of the manually operated biased latch pins 419a and 419b are received into the first latch pin receiving aperture 557a and the second latch pin receiving aperture 557b.

[0311] Reference Fig.58 In addition to the apparatus, systems, and methods described above, embodiments of the present disclosure also include a method 601 for tool-free, detachable coupling of a modular electric motor unit 405 to an implement 124, which in an embodiment is a lawn mower implement.

[0312] At step 603, and also with reference to Fig.55 and Fig.56 , the user moves the manually operated biased latch pin 419 to the disengaged position so that the pin end 525 of the pin 523 does not extend beyond the bottom surface 457 of the adapter 417, i.e., the pin 523 is retracted into the adapter 417. In an embodiment, the latch pin 419 can be grasped at the grasping portion 512 and pulled upward and away from the adapter 417, thereby moving the end 525 of the pin 523 into the channel 465 or 469. In an embodiment, a portion of the biased latch pin 419 forms a key disposed in the gap 493 or 501 of the adapter 417, thereby preventing the biased latch pin 419 from rotating when the biased latch pin 419 is in a position to engage the key in the gap 493. In addition to moving the pin end 525 into the channel 465 / 469, the upward pulling force also causes the key to be removed from the gap 493. The biased latch pin 419 can then be rotated to lock the biased latch pin in the disengaged position, such as Fig.56 Described in.

[0313] At step 605 , the coupling end 437 of the modular electric motor unit 405 is aligned with the implement mating coupling 562 of the implement 124 , which may be along a common vertical axis.

[0314] At step 607, the modular electric motor unit 405 is lowered into the receiving area 413, thereby causing the coupling end 437 of the motor output shaft 435 to couple with the mating coupling 562 of the implement 124. In an embodiment, the coupling end 437 receives the mating coupling 562 into the implement-coupling receiving cavity 439. In one such embodiment, the coupling end 437 and the mating coupling 562 are both splined using teeth and grooves, wherein the teeth of the mating coupling 562 fit into the grooves of the coupling end 437, and vice versa.

[0315] At step 609, the adapter 417 is positioned onto the support 553 of the receiving area 513. In an embodiment, this step includes positioning the bottom side 455 and its bottom surface 457 against the top surface of the flange portion 461 of the support 553.

[0316] At step 611, the modular electric motor unit 405 is rotated about a vertical axis through the motor output shaft 435 and the implement mating coupling 562 until the capture portion 555 engages and captures the interface portion 471 of the adapter 417, thereby preventing further rotation. In an embodiment, the capture portion 555 can be slidably engaged with the angled surface 507, and the interface portion 471 can be received into or seated in the interface receiving portion 567. When the capture portion 555 engages and captures the interface portion 471, the modular electric motor unit 403 can not be lifted or moved upward and away from the surface 561. In an embodiment, the direction of rotation of the modular electric motor unit 405 is the same as the direction of rotation of the motor output shaft 435 during implement operation.

[0317] At step 613, the manually operated biased latch pin 419 is moved to the engaged position, causing the pin end 525 to be received in the hole 557 of the receiving area 414, thereby preventing rotation of the modular electric motor unit 405. In an embodiment, step 613 may also include the steps of rotating the biased latch pin 419 and seating the key of the latch pin 419 into the gap 493 of the adapter 417. With the pin end 525 in the hole 557 of the support 553, the modular electric motor unit 405 is rotationally locked.

[0318] Thus, the modular electric motor unit 405 is then removably locked into an engaged or operating position and cannot be rotated within or moved out of the receiving area 413 .

[0319] The modular electric motor unit 405 can be removed by first moving the offset latch pin 419 to the disengaged position as described in step 603, rotating the modular electric motor unit 405 in a direction opposite to the engagement direction so as to remove the interface portion 471 from the capture portion 555, and then subsequently lifting the modular electric motor unit 405 upward and away from the support 553 of the suspension assembly 401.

[0320] Reference Fig.47 , Fig.48 , Fig.50 , Fig.51 and Fig.57 When the modular electric motor unit 405 is installed, positioned and operated, the coupling end 437 engages with the mating coupling 440 and rotates the drive shaft 440.2, which extends through the elevated platform 416 and is attached to a portion of the drive pulley 599 of the pulley system 418, as shown. Fig.48 The three mower blades 423 are attached to mower blade shafts 631, 633, 635 that extend through the upper plate portion 409 and are attached to driven pulleys 621, 623, 625. The pulley system may also include idler and / or tensioner pulleys 616, 618. Belt 627 engages drive pulley 599, as shown in FIG. Figure 7 and further engages a driven pulley to rotate the mower blade. Figure 7 As shown in FIG. 1 , a gap equal to or greater than the belt thickness is provided below the drive pulley so that the gap can facilitate belt replacement.

[0321] The following clauses illustrate exemplary subject matter described herein.

[0322] Clause 1. A modular hitch assembly for removable attachment to a powersports vehicle, comprising:

[0323] hitch frame;

[0324] a hitch-vehicle coupling portion connected to the hitch frame and configured to removably connect the modular hitch arrangement to the powersports vehicle;

[0325] a hitch-implement coupling portion connected to the hitch frame and configured to removably connect the modular hitch arrangement to an implement;

[0326] an electrical interface configured to electrically connect the modular hitch assembly to a power source; and

[0327] An electric actuator is mounted to the hitch frame and electrically connected to the electrical interface, the electric actuator being configured to convert electrical power received from the power source into mechanical movement of the modular hitch assembly.

[0328] Clause 2. A modular hitch assembly according to clause 1, wherein the hitch frame, the hitch-vehicle coupling portion and the hitch-implement coupling portion form at least one of a parallel motion linkage and a fixed pivot linkage.

[0329] Clause 3. A modular hitch assembly as described in clause 1, wherein the hitch-vehicle coupling portion includes a pair of opposing plates defining a pair of openings, the pair of openings being configured to receive a pair of insertable pins.

[0330] Clause 4. A modular hitch assembly as described in clause 3, wherein the insertable pin comprises a spring pin.

[0331] Clause 5. A modular hitch assembly as described in clause 1, wherein the electric actuator is connected to the hitch-vehicle coupling portion and the hitch frame and is configured to move the hitch frame relative to the hitch coupling portion.

[0332] Clause 6. A modular hitch assembly according to clause 1, wherein the hitch-implement connection portion includes or forms an inverted V shape having a left arm and a right arm, wherein the left arm and the right arm are joined at an upper portion of the hitch-implement connection portion.

[0333] Clause 7. The modular hitch assembly of clause 1, further comprising a variable length connector portion connecting the hitch-implement coupling portion to an upper portion of the modular hitch assembly.

[0334] Clause 8. A modular hitch assembly as described in clause 1, wherein the hitch frame is pivotally connected to the hitch-vehicle coupling portion and the hitch frame is pivotally connected to the hitch-implement coupling portion.

[0335] Clause 9. A modular hitch assembly as described in clause 1, wherein the hitch frame is pivotally connected to the hitch-vehicle coupling portion and the hitch frame is fixedly connected to the hitch-implement coupling portion.

[0336] Clause 10. The modular hitch assembly of clause 1, wherein the electrical interface comprises an electrical connector configured to connect to an electrical connector of the powersports vehicle.

[0337] Clause 11. The modular hitch assembly of clause 1, further comprising a battery, the battery being the power source and mounted to the modular hitch assembly.

[0338] Clause 12. The modular hitch assembly of clause 11, further comprising a wireless transceiver configured to communicate with at least one of a controller of the powersports vehicle or a remote computing device.

[0339] Clause 13. A system for connecting to and providing power to a power sports vehicle implement, comprising:

[0340] A modular hitch assembly connectable to a powersports vehicle, the modular hitch assembly comprising:

[0341] hitch frame;

[0342] a hitch-vehicle coupling portion connected to the hitch frame and configured to removably connect the modular hitch arrangement to the powersports vehicle;

[0343] a hitch-implement coupling portion connected to the hitch frame;

[0344] a hitch electrical interface configured to electrically connect the modular hitch assembly to a first power source; and

[0345] an electric actuator mounted to the hitch frame and electrically connected to the electrical interface, the electric actuator being configured to convert electrical power received from the first power source into mechanical movement of the modular hitch assembly;

[0346] and

[0347] An implement device, the implement device being connectable to the modular hitch device, the implement device comprising:

[0348] a mechanical interface configured to connect to the hitch-implement coupling portion of the modular hitch assembly; and

[0349] An electric mechanical device is used to perform operations of the implement device.

[0350] Clause 14. The system of clause 13, wherein the electromechanical device is an actuator configured to move a portion of the implement device.

[0351] Clause 15. The system of clause 13, further comprising an implement electrical interface configured to electrically connect the implement device to a second power source and to receive control signals from the powersports vehicle at the implement.

[0352] Clause 16. The system of clause 15, further wherein the electric mechanical device is a detachable motor electrically connected to the electrical interface, the detachable motor being configured to convert electrical power received from the second power source into mechanical movement of at least a portion of the implement device.

[0353] Clause 17. The system of clause 15, wherein the first power source and the second power source are the same power source.

[0354] Clause 18. The system of clause 16, wherein the power source is a traction motor battery of the powersports vehicle.

[0355] Clause 19. The system of clause 13, wherein the first power source comprises a battery mounted to the modular hitch assembly.

[0356] Clause 20. The system of clause 15, wherein the second power source comprises at least one battery mounted to at least one of the modular hitch assembly and the implement assembly.

[0357] Clause 21. The system of clause 13, wherein the first power source comprises a battery mounted to the powersports vehicle.

[0358] Clause 22. The system of clause 21, wherein the battery mounted to the powersports vehicle comprises a traction motor battery.

[0359] Clause 23. The system of clause 13, further comprising a mounting mechanism configured to be attached to the powersports vehicle and to be removably connected to the hitch-vehicle coupling portion.

[0360] Clause 24. The system of clause 13, further comprising an implement controller configured to control operation of the implement device including the detachable motor based on control signals received from the powersports vehicle.

[0361] Clause 25. The system of clause 24, wherein the implement controller is configured to control operation of the hitch arrangement.

[0362] Clause 26. The system of clause 13, further comprising an implement controller configured to control operation of the hitch arrangement.

[0363] Clause 27. The system of clause 25, wherein the implement controller is integrated into an implement wiring harness of the powersports vehicle, the implement wiring harness of the powersports vehicle being connectable to an implement connector mounted to the implement device.

[0364] Clause 28. The system of clause 13, further comprising a portable power connection configured to supply power to an external device.

[0365] Clause 29. The system of clause 15, further comprising a radio tag and a radio tag reader, the radio tag being mounted to one of the implement device or the portable motor and the radio tag reader being mounted to the other of the implement device or the portable motor.

[0366] Clause 30. The system of clause 29, wherein the controller of the implement device is configured to determine whether to power the electromechanical device based on input received from the radio tag reader.

[0367] Clause 31. The system of clause 29, wherein the controller of the implement device is configured to determine at least one of a vehicle speed limit and an implement torque limit.

[0368] Clause 32. The system of clause 13, further comprising an input device in electrical communication with the implement device.

[0369] Clause 33. The system of clause 32, wherein the input device comprises at least one of a touch screen display and a joystick mounted to an in-vehicle infotainment (IVI) system of the powersports vehicle.

[0370] Clause 34. A system as described in clause 13, wherein the implement device is selected from the group consisting of: a lawn mower, a snow blower, a bucket, a rotary sweeper, a brush mower, a wood chipper, a power grader, a box scraper, a pole lifter, a soil conditioner, a landscape rake, a spreader, a sprayer, a power washer, an auger, a brush cutter, a log splitter, a vacuum dust collector, a disc plow, a tiller, a pruning mower, a pallet fork, a chip blower, a cultivator, and a planter.

[0371] Clause 35. The system of clause 13, wherein the implement device is configured to lift or transport an object.

[0372] Clause 36. A method of distributing electrical power in a powersports vehicle having an attached modular vehicle hitch and vehicle implement, comprising:

[0373] distributing a first electrical power from the powersports vehicle to the modular vehicle hitch;

[0374] receiving the first electrical power at the modular hitch device and modifying the first electrical power for use by an actuator of the modular vehicle hitch;

[0375] distributing the modified first electrical power to the actuator of the modular vehicle hitch; and

[0376] First electrical power from the powersports vehicle is distributed to the vehicle implement connected to the modular vehicle hitch for powering an electromechanical device of the vehicle implement.

[0377] Clause 37. A method according to clause 36, wherein distributing the first power from the powersports vehicle to the modular vehicle hitch includes: distributing direct current (DC) power from a battery of the powersports vehicle to the vehicle hitch via a wiring harness and connector system.

[0378] Clause 38. The method of clause 37, wherein distributing DC power from a battery of the powersports vehicle comprises distributing DC power from a traction motor battery of the powersports vehicle.

[0379] Clause 39. A method according to clause 36, wherein receiving the first power at the hitch device and modifying the first power for use by the actuator of the modular vehicle hitch includes: receiving the first power at a voltage converter and reducing the voltage of the first power for use by the actuator of the modular vehicle hitch.

[0380] Clause 40. A method according to clause 39, wherein receiving the first power at the hitch device and modifying the first power for use by the actuator of the modular vehicle hitch includes: receiving the first power at a voltage converter mounted to the vehicle hitch and reducing the voltage of the first power for use by the actuator of the modular vehicle hitch.

[0381] Clause 41. A method according to clause 36, wherein distributing the first power from the powersports vehicle to the vehicle implement connected to the modular vehicle hitch includes: distributing DC power from a battery of the powersports vehicle to the vehicle implement via a wiring harness and connector system.

[0382] Clause 42. The method of clause 41, wherein distributing DC power from a battery of the powersports vehicle comprises distributing DC power from a traction motor battery of the powersports vehicle.

[0383] Clause 43. The method of clause 42, further comprising distributing DC power from the traction motor battery of the powersports vehicle to an implement inverter, the implement inverter providing power to the electric mechanical device of the vehicle implement.

[0384] Clause 44. The method of clause 36, further comprising distributing power to an external power connector mounted to the modular vehicle hitch, the external power connector being configured to provide power to an external electrical power supply.

[0385] Clause 45. The method of clause 36, further comprising distributing a second electrical power from the powersports vehicle to the vehicle implement to power a device associated with the vehicle implement.

[0386] Clause 46. A method according to clause 45, wherein distributing the second power from the powersports vehicle to the vehicle implement to power a device associated with the vehicle implement includes: distributing DC power from the powersports vehicle battery to one or more of an implement controller, a first implement auxiliary device, and a second implement auxiliary device.

[0387] Clause 47. The method of clause 46, wherein the first implement assist device is an implement actuator.

[0388] Clause 48. The method of clause 36, wherein first electrical power from the powersports vehicle is distributed to the vehicle implement connected to the modular vehicle hitch for powering an electric motor of the vehicle implement.

[0389] Clause 49. A method of controlling a modular vehicle hitch and a vehicle implement for a powersports vehicle, comprising:

[0390] receiving a user input at a user input device of the powersports vehicle, the user input device being in electrical communication with a vehicle controller via a vehicle network;

[0391] transmitting a first vehicle-hitch control signal based on the user input received at the user input device from the vehicle controller to an implement controller in electrical communication with the vehicle hitch and the vehicle implement, the first vehicle-hitch control signal including a request for movement of the modular vehicle hitch;

[0392] transmitting a first vehicle-implement control signal from the vehicle controller to the implement controller, the first vehicle-implement control signal including a request for operation of the vehicle implement;

[0393] receiving the first vehicle-hitch control signal at the implement controller and transmitting a second vehicle-hitch control signal from the implement controller to an actuator of the modular vehicle hitch based on the first vehicle-hitch control signal, thereby causing movement of the modular vehicle hitch; and

[0394] The first vehicle-implement control signal is received at the implement controller, and a second vehicle-implement control signal is transmitted from the implement controller to an electromechanical device of the vehicle implement based on the first vehicle-implement control signal, thereby causing operation of the vehicle implement.

[0395] Clause 50. The method of clause 49, wherein receiving user input at a user input device of the powersports vehicle comprises receiving user input from a joystick mounted in the powersports vehicle.

[0396] Clause 51. The method of clause 49, wherein receiving user input at a user input device of the powersports vehicle comprises receiving a wireless signal from the user input device.

[0397] Clause 52. The method of clause 49, wherein transmitting a second vehicle-hitch control signal from the implement controller to the actuator of the modular vehicle hitch comprises transmitting the second vehicle-hitch control signal through a vehicle-hitch wiring harness.

[0398] Clause 53. The method of clause 49, wherein transmitting a second vehicle-hitch control signal from the implement controller to an actuator of the vehicle hitch comprises wirelessly transmitting the second vehicle-hitch control signal.

[0399] Clause 54. The method of clause 49, wherein transmitting a second vehicle-implement control signal from the implement controller to an electromechanical device of the vehicle implement comprises transmitting the second vehicle-implement control signal via a vehicle-implement wiring harness.

[0400] Clause 55. The method of clause 49, wherein transmitting a second vehicle-implement control signal from the implement controller to an electromechanical device of the vehicle implement comprises wirelessly transmitting the second vehicle-implement control signal.

[0401] Clause 56. The method of clause 49, wherein transmitting the second vehicle-implement control signal from the implement controller to the electric mechanical device of the vehicle implement comprises transmitting the second vehicle-implement control signal from the implement controller to an electric motor or actuator of the vehicle implement.

[0402] Clause 57. The method of clause 49, wherein the vehicle network comprises a vehicle control area network.

[0403] Clause 58. The method of clause 49, wherein the vehicle network comprises a vehicle area interconnect network.

[0404] Clause 59. A system for connecting to and providing power to a power sports vehicle implement, comprising:

[0405] A modular hitch assembly connectable to a powersports vehicle, the modular hitch assembly comprising:

[0406] hitch frame;

[0407] a hitch-vehicle coupling portion connected to the hitch frame and configured to removably connect the modular hitch arrangement to the powersports vehicle;

[0408] a hitch-implement coupling portion connected to the hitch frame; and

[0409] a hitch actuator mounted to the hitch frame and electrically connected to the electrical interface, the actuator being configured to move a position of the modular hitch assembly relative to the powersports vehicle;

[0410] and

[0411] An implement device, the implement device being connectable to the modular hitch device, the implement device comprising:

[0412] a mechanical interface configured to connect to the hitch-implement coupling portion of the modular hitch assembly; and

[0413] An electric mechanical device is used to perform operations of the implement device.

[0414] Clause 60. The system of clause 59, wherein the modular hitch assembly further comprises a hitch electrical interface configured to electrically connect the modular hitch assembly to a first power source.

[0415] Clause 61. The system of clause 60, wherein the first power source is a battery.

[0416] Clause 62. The system of clause 61, wherein the battery is mounted to the powersports vehicle.

[0417] Clause 63. The system of clause 59, wherein the hitch actuator is a hydraulic actuator.

[0418] Clause 64. The modular hitch assembly of clause 1, further comprising a hitch mount configured to be mounted to the powersports vehicle and to be removably connected to the hitch-vehicle coupling portion.

[0419] Clause 65. A modular hitch device as described in clause 64, wherein the hitch mount includes: a first connecting portion configured to be attached to a main portion of a powersports vehicle, defining a pin receiving aperture and a slot, and a first pin, wherein the first pin is configured to be removably received by the pin receiving aperture of the first connecting portion and the aperture of the hitch-vehicle connecting portion, and the slot is configured to removably receive a portion of the first connecting portion, thereby removably connecting the first connecting portion of the hitch mount to the hitch-vehicle connecting portion.

[0420] Clause 66. A power implement system for a power sports vehicle, comprising:

[0421] a modular electric motor unit comprising an electric motor, an adapter having an output shaft with a coupling end, an adapter having an annular shape with an annular flange portion secured to the electric motor, a plurality of circumferentially extending interface portions at a periphery of the adapter, and a pair of manually operated offset latch pins supported by the adapter and each having an extended position and a retracted position;

[0422] Lawn mower implements, including:

[0423] lawn mower stands;

[0424] a suspension assembly mounted to and extending upwardly from the mower deck; and

[0425] an implement hitch coupling portion at a rearward end of the suspension assembly, the implement hitch coupling portion being configured to connect to a hitch device on the powersports vehicle;

[0426] Wherein, the mower stand includes a stand housing, the stand housing having an upper plate portion and a downwardly extending skirt portion at the outer periphery of the mower stand housing, the mower stand housing defining a cutting area, the mower stand having a single receiving area for receiving the modular electric motor unit from the mower stand, the mower stand having a plurality of capture portions at the receiving area for capturing the plurality of interface portions of the adapter, and further having a pair of apertures at the receiving area for receiving the pair of latch pins, the mower stand having a mating coupling member centrally located in the receiving area for receiving the coupling end of the modular electric motor unit and connecting with the coupling end of the modular electric motor unit.

[0427] Clause 67. A power implement system for a power sports vehicle according to clause 66, wherein the mower stand further includes a cutting system, and wherein the mating coupling is connected to the cutting system of the mower assembly, the cutting system including a drive pulley attached to the mating coupling, a plurality of cutting blades in the cutting area, the plurality of cutting blades each being mounted to a respective shaft extending from and through the upper plate portion, and each of the respective shafts having a respective driven pulley above the upper plate portion, the cutting system further including a belt connecting the drive pulley and each of the respective driven pulleys, whereby each cutting blade can be rotated by the modular electric motor unit when the modular electric motor unit is received at the receiving area and operated.

[0428] Clause 68. A power tool system according to clause 67, wherein the receiving area for the modular electric motor unit is on a raised platform above and spaced apart from the upper plate portion, and wherein the drive pulley is connected to the mating coupling by a drive shaft extending through and rotatably supported by the raised platform, and wherein the drive pulley is intermediate the raised platform and the upper plate portion, and the drive pulley and shaft are spaced apart from the upper plate portion.

[0429] Clause 69. The power implement system of clause 66, 67, or 68, wherein the electric motor is less than approximately 40 hp.

[0430] Clause 70. A power implement system according to clause 66 or 67, in combination with the power sports vehicle, and wherein the implement hitch coupling portion is hitched to a hitch device on the front of the power sports vehicle, the hitch device being operable to raise and lower the lawn mower implement.

[0431] Clause 71. The combination of clause 70 wherein the powersports vehicle includes a high voltage battery for operating a prime mover, and wherein the high voltage of the battery is converted by circuitry for operating the electric motor of the modular electric motor unit.

[0432] Clause 72. A combination according to clause 70, wherein the powertrain includes an internal combustion engine as a prime mover, and the combination further includes an auxiliary battery for operating the electric motor unit, the auxiliary battery being connected to the electrical system of the powertrain via a circuit to provide charging current from the electrical system.

[0433] Clause 73. The combination of any one of clauses 70 to 72, wherein the mower deck is rotatable from a generally horizontal orientation with the cutting area facing downward to a storage and maintenance position with the cutting area facing forward.

[0434] Clause 74. A combination as described in any of clauses 70 to 72, wherein the mower deck further includes a plurality of wheels positioned around the periphery of the mower deck housing, and wherein the suspension assembly has a first set of pivot connections with a first pivot axis extending forward and rearward, and a second set of pivot connections with a second pivot axis extending left and right, wherein the first set of pivot connections and the second set of pivot connections allow the mower deck to follow the slopes and undulations of the ground in front of the powersports vehicle.

[0435] Clause 75. The combination of clause 74, wherein the mower deck is rotatable via the second set of pivot connections from a generally horizontal orientation in which the cutting area faces downward to a storage and maintenance position in which the cutting area faces forward.

[0436] Clause 76. A combination of clauses 74 or 75, wherein the first set of pivot connections of the suspension system has two second pivot connections, and wherein the receiving area for the modular electric motor unit is located between the two second pivot connections and the axis of the first set of pivot connections extends through the receiving area.

[0437] Clause 77. A combination of clauses 74, 75 or 76, wherein the second set of pivot connections of the suspension system has a pair of second pivot connections, and wherein the receiving area for the modular electric motor unit is located intermediate the pair of second pivot connections and the axis of the second set of pivot connections extends through the receiving area.

[0438] Clause 78. The combination of any one of clauses 70 to 77, further comprising a snowblower implement having a receiving area for receiving the modular electric motor unit.

[0439] Clause 79. A power lawn mower implement for use with a power sport vehicle, comprising:

[0440] a lawn mower deck having a motor mounted or mountable thereon, the motor being mounted or mountable at a motor mounting area on a top side of the lawn mower deck;

[0441] a suspension assembly mounted to the mower deck and extending upwardly from the mower deck;

[0442] an implement hitch coupling portion at a rearward end of the suspension assembly, the implement hitch coupling portion being connectable to a hitch arrangement on the powersports vehicle;

[0443] wherein the mower deck comprises a deck housing having an upper plate portion and a downwardly extending skirt portion at an outer periphery of the mower deck housing, the mower deck housing defining a cutting area below the upper plate portion, the mower deck further comprising a plurality of wheels positioned about the periphery of the mower deck housing;

[0444] wherein the suspension system provides the mower deck with a fore-aft pivot axis and a side-to-side pivot axis relative to the power sports vehicle, and wherein the side-to-side pivot axis is above the fore-aft pivot axis, and wherein the mower deck can be rotated from facing downward in the cutting area to facing forward in the cutting area via the side-to-side pivot axis.

[0445] Clause 80. A power lawn mower implement for a power sports vehicle as described in clause 79, wherein the motor is electrically powered or hydraulically powered.

[0446] Clause 81. A power lawn mower implement for use with a power sport vehicle, comprising:

[0447] a mower deck including a deck housing having an upper plate portion and a downwardly extending skirt portion at an outer periphery of the mower deck housing, the mower deck housing defining a cutting area below the upper plate portion, the mower deck further including a plurality of wheels positioned about the periphery of the mower deck housing;

[0448] a suspension assembly mounted to the mower deck and extending upwardly from the mower deck;

[0449] an implement hitch coupling portion at a rearward end of the suspension assembly, the implement hitch coupling portion being connectable to a hitch arrangement on the powersports vehicle;

[0450] Wherein, the lawn mower stand further includes a raised platform having a motor receiving area mounted rearwardly and centrally on the upper plate portion, the raised platform supporting a drive shaft having a drive pulley positioned above the upper plate portion and below the raised platform, the lawn mower stand further providing three lawn mower blades having three lawn mower blade shafts supported by the upper plate portion, each lawn mower blade shaft having a pulley fixed thereto and positioned above the upper plate portion, a belt connecting the drive pulley to the corresponding pulleys of the three lawn mower blade shafts.

[0451] Clause 82. A power lawn mower implement for a power sport vehicle as described in clause 81, wherein the drive pulley and drive shaft have a gap above the upper plate portion to allow the belt to pass through the gap to facilitate changing the belt.

[0452] Clause 83. A power lawn mower implement attachable to the front end of a power-driven vehicle, comprising:

[0453] a mower deck including a deck housing having an upper plate portion and a downwardly extending skirt portion at an outer periphery of the mower deck housing, the mower deck housing defining a cutting area below the upper plate portion, the mower deck further including a plurality of wheels positioned about the periphery of the mower deck housing;

[0454] a suspension assembly mounted to the mower deck and extending upwardly from the mower deck;

[0455] an implement hitch coupling portion at a rearward side of the suspension assembly, the implement hitch coupling portion being connectable to a hitch arrangement on the powersports vehicle;

[0456] wherein the suspension assembly includes a pair of lower pivot supports arranged forwardly and backwardly on the mower deck, one lower pivot support being positioned at a rearward boundary of the mower deck, the other lower pivot support being positioned in front of the one lower pivot support and rearwardly of a midpoint of a front-rear length of the mower deck, the suspension assembly further including an intermediate support frame configured as a ring defining an upwardly and downwardly facing opening, the intermediate support frame being pivotally connected to the pair of lower pivot supports, the suspension assembly further including an upper rear suspension frame having a pair of arms, each of the pair of arms being pivotally connected to a respective left and right portion of the intermediate support frame at a pair of upper pivot connections, wherein each of the pair of arms extends rearwardly to the implement hitch coupling portion.

[0457] Clause 84. A power lawn mower implement as described in clause 83, wherein the mower deck is rotatable by pivoting the mower deck and intermediate support about the upper pivot connection with the forward boundary being raiseable to an upward position.

[0458] Clause 85. A power lawn mower implement as described in clause 84, wherein one of the right and left portions of the intermediate support frame is latchable to the upper rear suspension frame, thereby maintaining the lawn mower deck in an upright position.

[0459] Clause 86. A power lawn mower implement according to clause 85, wherein one of the right and left portions of the intermediate support frame is secured using a pin, the pin being axially movable between a protruding latched position and a retracted unlatched position.

[0460] Clause 87. A power lawn mower implement as described in clause 86, wherein the upper rear suspension frame has a cam surface adjacent to a pin receiving aperture, the cam surface being positioned to retract the pin when the mower deck is raised, the aperture being positioned to receive the retracted pin and allow it to extend, thereby latching the mower deck in a position facing forward of the cutting area.

[0461] Clause 88. A powered lawn mower implement as claimed in any one of tool clauses 84 to 87, wherein the implement further comprises a motor, and wherein the intermediate support frame defining the ring defines a receiving area for a motor mountable on the stand, the motor being connected or connectable to a plurality of lawn mower blades.

[0462] Clause 89. A power lawn mower implement as described in clause 88, wherein the upper rear suspension frame and the hitch coupling portion define an open area, the open area being sized to allow clearance for the motor when the mower deck is rotated rearwardly.

[0463] Clause 90. A power lawn mower implement according to any one of clauses 87 to 89, wherein the motor is a hydraulic motor or an electric motor.

[0464] Clause 91. A power lawn mower implement as defined in any one of clauses 87 to 90, wherein the motor is an electric motor of approximately 25 hp to 45 hp.

[0465] Clause 92. A power lawn mower implement for a power sports vehicle, the power lawn mower implement comprising:

[0466] a lawn mower deck including a deck housing having a downwardly extending skirt portion at an outer periphery of the lawn mower deck housing, the lawn mower deck housing defining a cutting area below the upper plate portion;

[0467] a support assembly mounted to the mower deck housing and extending upwardly from the mower deck housing;

[0468] an implement hitch coupling portion at a rearward end of the support assembly, the implement hitch coupling portion being connectable to a hitch arrangement on the powersports vehicle;

[0469] wherein the mower stand further comprises a platform having a motor unit receiving area, the platform supporting a drive shaft having a drive pulley, the mower stand further providing three mower blades having three mower blade shafts, each mower blade shaft having a pulley secured thereto, a belt connecting the drive pulley to a corresponding pulley of the three mower blade shafts;

[0470] Wherein the power lawn mower implement further comprises a motor unit having an attached interface portion, the motor unit being removably latched to the lawn mower deck at the motor unit receiving area by means of the interface portion.

[0471] Clause 93. A powered lawn mower implement for a powered sport vehicle as described in clause 92, wherein the skirt portion extends partially around the outer periphery of the lawn mower deck housing and the lawn mower deck housing has no support wheels.

[0472] Clause 94. A powered lawn mower implement for a powered sport vehicle as recited in clause 92, wherein said lawn mower deck further comprises a plurality of wheels positioned about said perimeter of said lawn mower deck housing.

[0473] Clause 95. A power lawn mower implement for a power sport vehicle according to clause 94, wherein the support assembly is a suspension assembly having a pair of pivot axes, the pair of pivot axes providing the lawn mower stand with two degrees of freedom of movement relative to the power lawn mower implement when hooked to the power lawn mower implement.

[0474] Clause 96. A power implement system according to any one of clauses 92 to 95, in combination with the power sports vehicle, and wherein the implement hitch coupling portion is hitched to a hitch device on the front of the power sports vehicle, the hitch device being operable to raise and lower the lawn mower implement.

[0475] Clause 97. The combination of clause 96 wherein the powersports vehicle includes a high voltage battery for operating a prime mover of the powersports vehicle, and wherein the high voltage of the battery is converted by circuitry for operating the electric motor of the modular electric motor unit.

[0476] Clause 98. A combination according to clause 96, wherein the powertrain includes an internal combustion engine as a prime mover, and the combination further includes an auxiliary battery for operating the electric motor unit, the auxiliary battery being connected to the electrical system of the powertrain via a circuit to provide charging current from the electrical system.

[0477] Clause 99. A combination as described in clause 96, wherein the power sports vehicle is a hybrid vehicle having both an internal combustion engine and one or more vehicle electric motors and a battery system for powering the vehicle electric motors, the battery system also being connectable to the power tool motor unit.

[0478] The above embodiments are intended to be illustrative rather than restrictive. Additional embodiments are within the claims. In addition, although aspects of the present invention have been described with reference to particular embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that changes may be made in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the claims.

[0479] Those of ordinary skill in the relevant art will recognize that the present invention may include fewer features than illustrated in any individual embodiment described above. The embodiments described herein are not meant to be an exhaustive presentation of the ways in which the various features of the present invention may be combined. Thus, the embodiments are not mutually exclusive combinations of features; rather, as will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art, the present invention may include combinations of different individual features selected from different individual embodiments.

[0480] Any incorporation by reference of the above documents is limited such that no subject matter is incorporated that is contrary to the explicit disclosure herein. Any incorporation by reference of the above documents is further limited such that claims included in the documents are not incorporated by reference herein. Any incorporation by reference of the above documents is further limited such that any limitations provided in the documents are not incorporated by reference herein unless expressly included herein.

[0481] For purposes of interpreting the claims of the present invention, unless the specific terms "means for" or "step for" are recited in a claim, it is expressly intended that the provisions of 35 USC Section 112, sixth paragraph not be invoked.

Claims

1. A modular hitch assembly for removably attaching to a powersports vehicle, comprising: hitch frame; a hitch-vehicle coupling portion connected to the hitch frame and configured to removably connect the modular hitch arrangement to the powersports vehicle; a hitch-implement coupling portion connected to the hitch frame and configured to removably connect the modular hitch assembly to an implement; an electrical interface configured to electrically connect the modular hitch assembly to a power source; and An electric actuator is mounted to the hitch frame and electrically connected to the electrical interface, the electric actuator being configured to convert electrical power received from the power source into mechanical movement of the modular hitch assembly.

2. The modular hitch assembly of claim 1, wherein: The hitch frame, the hitch-vehicle coupling portion, and the hitch-implement coupling portion form at least one of a parallel motion linkage and a fixed pivot linkage.

3. The modular hitch assembly of claim 1, wherein: The electric actuator is connected to the hitch-vehicle coupling portion and the hitch frame, and the electric actuator is configured to move the hitch frame relative to the hitch coupling portion.

4. The modular hitch assembly of claim 1, further comprising a battery, the battery being the power source, and the battery being mounted to the modular hitch assembly. 5 . The modular hitch assembly of claim 1 , further comprising a wireless transceiver configured to communicate with at least one of a controller of the powersports vehicle or a remote computing device.

6. A system for connecting to and providing power to a power sports vehicle implement, comprising: A modular hitch assembly, the modular hitch assembly being connectable to a powersports vehicle, the modular hitch assembly comprising: hitch frame; a hitch-vehicle coupling portion connected to the hitch frame and configured to removably connect the modular hitch arrangement to the powersports vehicle; a hitch-implement coupling portion connected to the hitch frame; a hitch electrical interface configured to electrically connect the modular hitch assembly to a first power source; and an electric actuator mounted to the hitch frame and electrically connected to the hitch electrical interface, the electric actuator configured to convert electrical power received from the first power source into mechanical movement of the modular hitch assembly; and An implement device, the implement device being connectable to the modular hitch device, the implement device comprising: a mechanical interface configured to connect to the hitch-implement coupling portion of the modular hitch assembly; and An electric mechanical device is used to perform operations of the implement device.

7. The system according to claim 6, wherein: The implement device is one of the following: a lawn mower, a snow blower, a bucket, a rotary sweeper, a brush mower, a wood chipper, a power grader, a box scraper, a pole erector, a soil conditioner, a landscape rake, a spreader, a sprayer, a power washer, an auger, a brush cutter, a log splitter, a vacuum collector, a disc plow, a tiller, a trim mower, a pallet fork, a chip blower, a cultivator, or a planter.

8. The system according to claim 7, wherein: The implement device is a lawn mower including a modular electric motor unit having an electric motor mounted to an adapter.

9. The system according to claim 8, wherein: The modular electric motor unit includes an output shaft having a connecting end, the adapter having an annular shape with an annular flange portion fixed to the electric motor, a plurality of circumferentially extending interface portions at the periphery of the adapter, and a pair of manually operated offset latch pins supported by the adapter and each having an extended position and a retracted position.

10. The system according to claim 6, further wherein: The electric mechanical device is a detachable motor electrically connected to the hitch electrical interface, the detachable motor being configured to convert electrical power received from a second power source into mechanical movement of at least a portion of the implement device.

11. The system according to claim 10, wherein: The second power source includes at least one battery mounted to at least one of the modular hitch arrangement and the implement arrangement.

Images