A single-pile offshore wind power marine environment comprehensive monitoring system

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of offshore wind power monitoring, and provides a single-pile offshore wind power marine environment comprehensive monitoring system. The present invention includes a wind turbine set and a monitoring device, the wind turbine set includes a fixed foundation pile and a blade shaft, the monitoring device includes a wind power collector and an auxiliary foundation pile, the fixed foundation pile is fixed to the seabed, the wind power collector is connected to the wind turbine set circuit, the auxiliary foundation pile is connected to the fixed foundation pile by a platform connection structure, a floating power generation mechanism is provided inside the auxiliary foundation pile, and the floating power generation mechanism is provided with a floating power collector. The present invention can support the operation and maintenance management of wind farms, monitor the operation of wind turbines; monitor the marine environment, collect hydrological information during the operation of wind turbines; monitor the ecological environment above and below the water, and collect ecological environmental information during the operation of wind turbines.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of offshore wind power monitoring, and in particular provides a single-pile offshore wind power marine environment comprehensive monitoring system. Background Art

[0002] Compared with onshore wind power, offshore wind power has many advantages, such as large wind energy reserves, high utilization rate, large single-unit power generation capacity, stable power generation, low noise pollution, and no occupation of land resources. It will become an important part of new energy power generation. At present, the development of offshore wind power projects is showing the trend of large-scale equipment, offshore development, intelligent operation and maintenance, and comprehensive utilization of marine resources. However, the manual operation and maintenance of offshore wind power has problems such as short operation time window, high construction difficulty, poor working conditions, and high safety requirements. Prior art WO2022007187A1 provides a method and system for coupling power generation of wind and tidal energy based on an offshore horizontal axis wind turbine platform, including a wind power generation platform, a tidal energy generation unit and a wind-tidal combined power generation coupling control unit; the tidal energy generation unit is arranged in a floating manner on the sea surface and is connected to the monopile support tower in the wind power generation platform; at the same time, the power output end of the tidal energy generation unit is connected to the input end of the wind turbine side transformer in the wind power generation platform through the wind-tidal combined power generation coupling control unit; the power output of the wind turbine side transformer is transmitted to the land booster station through the submarine cable in the wind power generation platform for grid connection; the wind-tidal combined power generation coupling control unit is used to collect the active power output of the wind turbine in the wind power generation platform, and control the operating state and output power of the tidal energy generation unit according to the collected active power. Since offshore wind power needs to operate for a long time, it will affect the ecological environment of the surface and bottom layers of the ocean during the long-term operation. The prior art fails to support the operation and maintenance management of wind farms and meet the needs of ecological environment monitoring. The inventor believes that there is a large room for improvement in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to support the operation and maintenance management of wind farms and monitor the operation of wind turbines. Secondly, monitor the marine environment and collect hydrological information during the operation of wind turbines; monitor the ecological environment above and below the water and collect ecological environmental information during the operation of wind turbines. To this end, the present invention provides a single-pile offshore wind power marine environment comprehensive monitoring system, including a wind turbine and a monitoring device, the wind turbine includes a fixed foundation pile and a blade shaft, the monitoring device includes an auxiliary foundation pile, the fixed foundation pile is fixed to the seabed, the auxiliary foundation pile is connected to the fixed foundation pile by a platform connection structure, a floating power generation mechanism is provided inside the auxiliary foundation pile, and the floating power generation mechanism is provided with a floating power collector. A floating power collector with auxiliary piles is used to monitor the power generation of the floating power generation mechanism to obtain the actual wave energy data of the current sea area of ​​the wind turbine. Due to the presence of multiple auxiliary piles and the strong stability of the floating power generation mechanism, the actual wave energy data obtained by the floating power collector is more reliable, and it is verified whether the wind power generation of the wind turbine is in normal operation. Auxiliary piles are used to surround the fixed piles where the wind turbine is installed to prevent the fixed piles where the wind turbine is located from being directly hit by ships and waves, thereby improving the safety and service life of the fixed piles.

[0004] Preferably, the wind turbine unit includes a unit bracket, which is fixed on the top of the fixed foundation pile, the monitoring device includes a blade monitoring mechanism, the blade monitoring mechanism is arranged inside the unit bracket, the wind turbine unit includes unit blades, the blade monitoring mechanism is provided with at least two Hall integrated circuit elements, and blade grilles are arranged inside the unit blades. A blade grille is used to support hollow unit blades. The hollow unit blades can reduce the unit blade mass and the production cost of the unit blades. The blade grille can improve the strength of the unit blades. A blade monitoring mechanism is set on the unit bracket to monitor the blades passing through the unit bracket each time. When the blade grille passes through the Hall integrated circuit element, a pulse signal will be sent out. The frequency of the pulse signal corresponds to the rotation speed of the blade grille, and the amplitude of the pulse signal corresponds to the distance between the blade grille and the Hall integrated circuit element. The use of multiple Hall integrated circuit elements can monitor the rotation speed data of the blade grille and monitor whether the blade grille and the unit blades are operating normally, so that the operation and maintenance personnel can promptly discover whether there are any abnormalities in the unit blades. At the same time, the blade monitoring mechanism can provide the unit blade operation data, and analyze the actual offshore wind energy data. The data of the blade monitoring mechanism and the data of the wind power collector can be used for evaluation to analyze whether the wind turbine has any operating abnormalities.

[0005] Preferably, the blade grille is arranged along the length direction of the unit blade, and the arrangement of the Hall IC elements inside the unit bracket matches the shape of the blade grille. Multiple Hall IC elements can monitor whether the rotation speed of each node of the blade grille is uniform, thereby inferring whether the blade grille is deformed or displaced.

[0006] Preferably, blade fitting parts are provided at both ends of the blade grille, and the blade fitting parts match the inner surface of the unit blade. The blade fitting parts reduce the detection sensitivity requirements of the Hall integrated circuit element, and increase the pulse width of the Hall integrated circuit element when the unit blade passes through the unit bracket; the blade fitting parts can improve the structural strength of the unit blade and avoid deformation of the unit blade surface.

[0007] Preferably, the float power generation mechanism includes a float, which can move up and down relative to the auxiliary pile, and the monitoring device includes at least one surface sensor, which is arranged at the bottom of the float. Among them, the surface sensor can be a dissolved oxygen monitoring device, a phosphorus sensor, etc., which collects hydrological information of the waters where the wind turbine is located in a direct or indirect manner. For example, the dissolved oxygen monitoring device and the phosphorus sensor can indirectly reflect the algae content in the current waters, and avoid the large-scale reproduction of algae in the sea area after the construction of the wind turbine, causing marine ecological disasters such as red tides. The surface sensor is carried on a float that can move up and down, so that the surface sensor can monitor the hydrological information of different depths of the sea surface, collect the gradient data of the sea surface, and facilitate the establishment of the actual seawater environment model of the current sea area.

[0008] Preferably, the float power generation mechanism further includes a correction rotor, a rotating shaft is provided on the top of the float, and the correction rotor is sleeved on the rotating shaft. The top of the float is matched with the rotating shaft and the correction rotor, and in the process of the float moving up and down, the correction rotor rotates to convert part of the kinetic energy of the float to generate electricity; because the auxiliary piles are prone to tilt under the action of waves, when the inclination angle of the auxiliary piles is too large, they are prone to capsize. In the present invention, when the inclination of the auxiliary piles drives the correction rotor and the rotating shaft to tilt, the correction rotor will slide and rotate under the action of its own weight, which can generate a restoring torque and reduce the inclination angle of the auxiliary piles.

[0009] Preferably, the platform connection structure includes at least two layers of platforms, including a top platform and a bottom platform, and a core engine room is arranged between the top platform and the bottom platform. The platform connection structure is used to fix the auxiliary foundation piles and the fixed foundation piles, so that the auxiliary foundation piles surround the fixed foundation piles to avoid ship collision or wave impact on the fixed foundation piles, thereby improving the safety and service life of the fixed foundation piles; the bottom platform and the top platform are used to seal the core engine room to prevent seawater from invading the core engine room and corroding the circuits of the wind turbine and the monitoring device.

[0010] Preferably, the monitoring device includes at least one underwater sensor, which is fixed to the outer wall of the fixed pile and close to the seabed. The underwater sensor can be an underwater camera, a hydrophone, a water thermometer and other equipment to collect underwater ecological environment information and continuously observe the hydrology and biological community.

[0011] Preferably, the integrated monitoring system further comprises a submarine cable, one end of which is provided with a junction box, and the other end is connected to the bottom platform, and the submarine cable is close to the fixed pile. The submarine cable transmits the electric energy of the wind turbine, and the junction box is used to aggregate the electric energy of each wind turbine and transmit it to the onshore equipment. The submarine cable is closely fixed to the fixed pile to prevent the submarine cable from floating in the marine environment and affecting the marine ecological environment and marine shipping, and to prevent the submarine cable from being damaged by the passage of marine organisms or marine shipping.

[0012] The present invention supports the operation and maintenance management of wind farms, monitors the operation of wind turbines, monitors the marine environment, and collects hydrological information during the operation of wind turbines; monitors the ecological environment above and below the water, and collects ecological environmental information during the operation of wind turbines, and has the following beneficial effects: multiple Hall integrated circuit elements are used to monitor the rotation speed data of the blade grille, monitor whether the blade grille and the blades of the unit are operating normally, and facilitate the operation and maintenance personnel to promptly discover whether there are abnormalities in the blades of the unit; at the same time, the blade monitoring mechanism can provide the unit blade operation data, and analyze the actual offshore wind energy data. The data of the blade monitoring mechanism and the data of the wind power collector can be used for evaluation to analyze whether there are any operating abnormalities in the wind turbine; the float is equipped with a surface sensor, and the fixed foundation pile is equipped with an underwater sensor, so as to collect hydrological information at different depths, collect the gradient hydrological and ecological environmental data of the marine environment, and establish an actual seawater environment model of the current sea area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the implementation methods or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only exemplary, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other implementation drawings can be derived from the provided drawings without creative work.

[0014] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 Another structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 A top view of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a blade of a unit of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 5 Another cross-sectional view of the impeller blade of the unit of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view of the auxiliary foundation pile of the present invention.

[0020] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1 wind turbine unit; 101 unit blade; 102 blade support portion; 103 blade fitting portion; 2 unit bracket; 3 warning light; 4 wave height monitoring mechanism; 5 auxiliary piles; 501 float power generation mechanism; 502 float; 503 surface sensor; 6 underwater sensor; 7 submarine cable; 8 junction box; 9 clamp; 10 fixed pile; 11 core cabin; 12 top platform; 13 bottom platform. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0022] Embodiment 1

[0023] Combination Figure 1 As shown, a single-pile offshore wind power marine environment comprehensive monitoring system includes a wind turbine 1 and a monitoring device. The wind turbine 1 includes a fixed foundation pile 10 and a blade shaft. The monitoring device includes a wind power collector and an auxiliary foundation pile 5. The fixed foundation pile 10 is fixed to the seabed. The wind power collector is connected to the wind turbine 1 in a circuit. The auxiliary foundation pile 5 is connected to the fixed foundation pile 10 using a platform connection structure. A floating power generation mechanism 501 is provided inside the auxiliary foundation pile 5. The floating power generation mechanism 501 is provided with a floating power collector 502. The wind power collector is used to monitor the power generation of the wind turbine 1 to obtain the wind energy data of the current sea area of ​​the wind turbine 1. The floating power collector 502 of the auxiliary foundation pile 5 is used to monitor the power generation of the floating power generation mechanism 501 to obtain the wave energy data of the current sea area of ​​the wind turbine 1. The theoretical wind field wave model of the sea area constructed by the numerical model of wind field driven sea waves is used to jointly evaluate the actual offshore wind energy and wave energy, and the actual wind field wave model is established to verify the theoretical wind field wave model. In this embodiment, the third generation shallow sea wave numerical model is driven by the ERA5 wind farm, a wave model of the sea area near the Shandong Peninsula is constructed, a synchronous wind farm wave model is obtained, and a joint evaluation of offshore wind energy and wave energy is performed. Due to the strong stability of multiple auxiliary piles 5 and the float power generation mechanism 501, the reliability of the actual wave energy data obtained by the power collector of the float 502 is high, and the wind power generation of the wind turbine 1 is verified to be in normal operation.

[0024] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the wind turbine 1 includes a unit support 2, which is fixed on the top of the fixed foundation pile 10, the monitoring device includes a blade monitoring mechanism, the unit support 2 is provided with a blade monitoring mechanism, the wind turbine 1 includes a unit blade 101, the blade monitoring mechanism is provided with at least two Hall integrated circuit elements, the unit blade 101 is provided with a blade grid, and the blade grid is arranged along the length direction of the unit blade 101. In this embodiment, the blade monitoring mechanism includes three Hall integrated circuit elements, which are respectively arranged at the unit blade near the unit shaft, at 1 / 2 of the length direction of the unit blade, and at the unit blade near the end of the blade. A blade grille is used to support the hollow unit blade 101. The hollow unit blade 101 can reduce the mass of the unit blade 101 and reduce the production cost of the unit blade 101. The blade grille can improve the strength of the unit blade 101. A blade monitoring mechanism is set on the unit bracket 2 to monitor the blade passing through the unit bracket 2 each time. When the blade grille passes through the Hall integrated circuit element, a pulse signal will be sent out. The frequency of the pulse signal corresponds to the rotation speed of the blade grille, and the amplitude of the pulse signal corresponds to the distance between the blade grille and the Hall integrated circuit element. A plurality of Hall integrated circuit elements can be used to monitor the rotation speed data of the blade grille, monitor whether the blade grille and the unit blade 101 are operating normally, and facilitate operation and maintenance personnel to promptly discover whether there is any abnormality in the unit blade 101. At the same time, the blade monitoring mechanism can provide the unit blade 101 operation data, and analyze the actual offshore wind energy data. The data of the blade monitoring mechanism and the data of the wind power collector can be used for evaluation to analyze whether the wind turbine 1 has any operation abnormality.

[0025] like Figure 2 As shown, the arrangement of the Hall IC elements inside the unit support 2 matches the shape of the blade grille. Multiple Hall IC elements can monitor whether the rotation speed of each node of the blade grille is uniform, thereby inferring whether the blade grille is deformed or displaced.

[0026] Combine 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the blade grille includes a blade fitting portion 103 and a blade supporting portion 102. The blade supporting portion 102 is provided with blade fitting portions 103 at both ends, and the blade fitting portions 103 cooperate with the inner surface of the unit blade 101. The blade fitting portion 103 and the blade supporting portion 102 are in the shape of an "I", and the blade fitting portion is made of metal material. A pulse signal is generated when the blade grille passes through the Hall integrated circuit element. The blade fitting portion 103 increases the detection range of the blade grille, reduces the detection sensitivity requirement of the Hall integrated circuit element, and increases the pulse width of the Hall integrated circuit element when the unit blade 101 passes through the unit bracket 2; the blade fitting portion 103 can improve the structural strength of the unit blade 101 and avoid deformation of the surface of the unit blade 101.

[0027] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, a warning light 3 and a wave height monitoring mechanism 4 are provided on the top of the auxiliary pile 5, and the float power generation mechanism 501 is connected to the circuit of the warning light 3. The float power generation mechanism 501 is provided with a float 502 power collector. The warning light 3 is provided on the top of the auxiliary pile 5 to make full use of the wave energy of the float power generation mechanism 501 to warn the passing ships; because the float power generation mechanism 501 can utilize more wave energy when the waves are greater, and the brightness of the warning light 3 is more obvious, so it can avoid hindering the driving of the ship in stable sea conditions, and give a clear warning to the ship in severe sea conditions.

[0028] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, the float power generation mechanism 501 includes a float 502, which can move up and down relative to the auxiliary pile 5, and the monitoring device includes at least one surface sensor 503, which is arranged at the bottom of the float 502. The float power generation mechanism 501 also includes a correction rotor 504, and a rotating shaft 505 is arranged on the top of the float 502, and the correction rotor 504 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 505. The top of the float 502 is matched with the rotating shaft 505 and the correction rotor 504. In the process of the float 502 moving up and down, the correction rotor 504 rotates and converts part of the kinetic energy of the float 502 to generate electricity; because the auxiliary pile 5 is prone to tilt under the action of waves, it is easy to capsize when the inclination angle of the auxiliary pile 5 is too large. In the present invention, when the auxiliary pile 5 tilts and drives the correction rotor 504 and the rotating shaft 505 to tilt, the correction rotor 504 will slide and rotate under the action of its own weight, which can generate a restoring torque and reduce the inclination angle of the auxiliary pile 5. Among them, the surface sensor 503 can be a dissolved oxygen monitoring device, a phosphorus sensor, etc., which collects hydrological information of the waters where the wind turbine 1 is located in a direct or indirect manner. For example, the dissolved oxygen monitoring device and the phosphorus sensor can indirectly reflect the algae content of the current waters, and avoid the large-scale reproduction of algae in the sea area after the construction of the wind turbine 1, causing marine ecological disasters such as red tides. The float 502 that can move up and down is used to carry the surface sensor 503, so that the surface sensor 503 can monitor the hydrological information of different depths of the sea surface, collect the gradient data of the sea surface, and facilitate the establishment of the actual seawater environment model of the current sea area.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, the platform connection structure includes at least two layers of platforms, including a top platform 12 and a bottom platform 13, and a core engine room 11 is arranged between the top platform 12 and the bottom platform 13. The platform connection structure is used to fix the auxiliary piles 5 and the fixed piles 10, so that the auxiliary piles 5 surround the fixed piles 10, and the fixed piles 10 are prevented from being hit by ships or waves, thereby improving the safety and service life of the fixed piles 10; the bottom platform 13 and the top platform 12 are used to seal the core engine room 11, so as to prevent seawater from invading the core engine room 11 and corroding the circuits of the wind turbine 1 and the monitoring device.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the monitoring device includes at least one underwater sensor 6, which is fixed on the outer wall of the fixed pile 10 and close to the seabed. The underwater sensor 6 can be an underwater camera, a hydrophone, a water thermometer and other equipment to collect underwater ecological environment information and continuously observe the hydrology and biological community.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, the integrated monitoring system also includes a submarine cable 7, one end of which is provided with a junction box 8, and the other end is connected to the bottom platform 13, and the submarine cable 7 is close to the fixed pile 10. The submarine cable 7 transmits the electric energy of the wind turbine 1, and the junction box 8 is used to aggregate the electric energy of each wind turbine 1 and transmit it to the onshore equipment. The submarine cable 7 is closely fixed to the fixed pile 10 by a clamp 9 to prevent the submarine cable 7 from floating in the marine environment and affecting the marine ecological environment and marine shipping, and to prevent the submarine cable 7 from being damaged by the passage of marine organisms or marine shipping.

[0032] The present invention supports wind farm operation and maintenance management, monitors the operation of the wind turbine 1, monitors the marine environment, and collects hydrological information during the operation of the wind turbine 1; monitors the ecological environment above and below the water, and collects ecological environmental information during the operation of the wind turbine 1, and has the following beneficial effects: multiple Hall integrated circuit elements are used to monitor the rotation speed data of the blade grille, monitor whether the blade grille and the unit blade 101 are operating normally, and facilitate the operation and maintenance personnel to promptly discover whether there is an abnormality in the unit blade 101. At the same time, the blade monitoring mechanism can provide the unit blade 101 operation data, and analyze the actual offshore wind energy data. The data of the blade monitoring mechanism and the data of the wind power collector can be used for evaluation to analyze whether the wind turbine 1 has an operation abnormality; the float 502 is equipped with a surface sensor 503, which can collect hydrological information at different depths, collect the gradient data of the sea surface, and establish an actual seawater environment model of the current sea area.

[0033] The above embodiments and / or implementation methods are only used to illustrate the preferred embodiments and / or implementation methods for realizing the technology of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods of the technology of the present invention in any form. Any technical personnel in this field may make slight changes to other equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical means disclosed in the content of the present invention, but they should still be regarded as technologies or embodiments that are essentially the same as the present invention.

Claims

1. A single-pile offshore wind power marine environment comprehensive monitoring system, comprising a wind turbine (1) and a monitoring device, characterized in that: The wind turbine set (1) comprises a fixed foundation pile (10) fixed to the seabed, the monitoring device comprises a wind power collector and an auxiliary foundation pile (5), the auxiliary foundation pile (5) is connected to the fixed foundation pile (10) by a platform connection structure, a floating power generation mechanism (501) is provided inside the auxiliary foundation pile (5), and the floating power generation mechanism (501) is provided with a floating power collector; the floating power generation mechanism (501) comprises a float (502); The wind turbine generator set (1) comprises a turbine bracket (2), the turbine bracket (2) being fixed to the top of the fixed foundation pile (10); the monitoring device further comprises a blade monitoring mechanism, the turbine bracket (2) being provided with a blade monitoring mechanism inside; the wind turbine generator set (1) comprises a turbine blade (101), the blade monitoring mechanism being provided with at least two Hall integrated circuit elements, and the turbine blade (101) being provided with a blade grille inside; The blade grille is arranged along the length direction of the unit blade (101), and the arrangement of the Hall integrated circuit element inside the unit bracket (2) matches the shape of the blade grille; The blade monitoring mechanism includes three Hall integrated circuit elements, which are respectively arranged at the position of the unit blade close to the unit shaft, at 1 / 2 of the length direction of the unit blade, and at the position of the unit blade close to the blade end.

2. A single pile offshore wind power marine environment comprehensive monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Blade fitting portions (103) are provided at both ends of the blade grille, and the blade fitting portions (103) cooperate with the inner surface of the unit blade (101); The blade grille comprises a blade support portion (102), and blade fitting portions (103) are provided at both ends of the blade support portion (102). The blade fitting portions (103) cooperate with the inner surface of the unit blade (101), and the blade fitting portions (103) and the blade support portion (102) are in the shape of an "I".

3. A single pile offshore wind power marine environment comprehensive monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The float (502) is capable of moving up and down relative to the auxiliary foundation pile (5), and the monitoring device further comprises at least one surface sensor (503), wherein the surface sensor (503) is arranged at the bottom of the float (502).

4. A single pile offshore wind power marine environment comprehensive monitoring system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The float power generation mechanism (501) further comprises a correction rotor (504); a rotating shaft (505) is provided on the top of the float (502); and the correction rotor (504) is sleeved on the rotating shaft (505).

5. A single pile offshore wind power marine environment comprehensive monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The platform connection structure comprises at least two layers of platforms, the platforms comprising a top platform (12) and a bottom platform (13), and a core cabin (11) is provided between the top platform (12) and the bottom platform (13).

6. A single pile offshore wind power marine environment comprehensive monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring device further comprises at least one underwater sensor (6), wherein the underwater sensor (6) is fixed on the outer wall of the fixed foundation pile (10) and is close to the seabed.

7. A single pile offshore wind power marine environment comprehensive monitoring system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The integrated monitoring system further comprises a submarine cable (7), one end of the submarine cable (7) being provided with a junction box (8), the other end of the submarine cable (7) being connected to the bottom platform (13), and the submarine cable (7) being closely fixed to the fixed foundation pile (10).

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