Intelligent fertilization system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural monitoring, and discloses an intelligent fertilization system which comprises a material box mounted on mobile equipment and used for storing powdery fertilizer, a plurality of discharge holes in the bottom of the material box are respectively communicated with a blanking channel, and an electric control valve is arranged in each blanking channel; the air collecting device is used for generating air flow guided into the plurality of blanking channels, so that the fertilizer in the material box uniformly falls into a fertilization area through the blanking channels under the action of gravity and the air flow; the soil nutrient sensor arranged in the soil of the fertilization area is used for monitoring the actual nutrient content; the controller is used for determining the fertilizer demand quantity according to the nutrient demand quantity and the actual nutrient content, determining the fertilizer demand quantity in unit time according to the fertilizer demand quantity and the moving speed, and regulating and controlling the opening parameter and the airflow speed of the electric control valve according to the fertilizer demand quantity. Accurate and quantitative application of the fertilizer is achieved, it is ensured that the fertilizing amount is matched with the actual soil demand, and waste and environmental pollution are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of agricultural monitoring technology, and in particular to an intelligent fertilization system. Background Art

[0002] Fertilizer is the material basis for increasing crop yields. According to the statistics of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, the role of chemical fertilizer in increasing food production, including the fertilizer effect in the season and the aftereffect, is an average increase of 50%. However, the long-term and large-scale application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides will cause soil compaction and land degradation, especially excessive input of nitrogen fertilizers and phosphorus fertilizers, which will sharply cause an imbalance in the proportion of soil nutrients. The reasons for the above problems are all due to inaccurate control of the amount of fertilizer applied. In addition, the soil's utilization rate of fertilizers, the physical and chemical conditions of the soil, and environmental factors will have a huge impact on the final effect of fertilization. Summary of the invention

[0003] The embodiment of the present application provides an intelligent fertilization system, which realizes the precise quantitative application of fertilizers, ensures that the amount of fertilizer applied matches the actual needs of the soil, ensures that the nutritional needs of crops are met, and avoids waste and environmental pollution.

[0004] An embodiment of the present application provides an intelligent fertilization system, comprising: a material box installed on a mobile device, a plurality of material dropping channels, a plurality of electronically controlled valves, an air collecting device and a controller, and a soil nutrient sensor arranged in the soil of a fertilization area;

[0005] The material box is used to store powdered fertilizer, and the bottom of the material box includes a plurality of discharge ports;

[0006] Each of the drop channels is communicated with one of the discharge ports, and each of the drop channels is provided with an electric control valve for controlling the amount of fertilizer passing through the drop channel by adjusting the opening size of the electric control valve;

[0007] The air outlet of the air collecting device is communicated with the material dropping channel, and the air collecting device is used to generate airflow introduced into the plurality of material dropping channels, so that the fertilizer in the material box falls evenly into the fertilization area through the material dropping channels under the action of gravity and airflow;

[0008] The soil nutrient sensor is used to monitor the actual nutrient content per unit area in the fertilization area;

[0009] The controller is used to obtain the nutrient demand per unit area in the fertilization area and the moving speed of the mobile device, determine the fertilizer demand per unit area in the fertilization area according to the nutrient demand and the actual nutrient content, determine the fertilizer demand per unit time according to the fertilizer demand and the moving speed, and regulate the opening parameters of each of the electronically controlled valves and the air flow speed generated by the air collecting device according to the fertilizer demand per unit time to adjust the amount of fertilizer falling into the fertilization area.

[0010] Optionally, the intelligent fertilization system further comprises a flow sensor arranged in each of the material-dropping channels, for monitoring the gas flow in the material-dropping channels;

[0011] The controller is also used to adjust the air flow speed generated by the air collecting device according to the gas flow in the blanking channel.

[0012] Optionally, the intelligent fertilization system further comprises a remaining amount monitoring sensor arranged in the material box, for monitoring the remaining amount of fertilizer in the material box;

[0013] The controller is also used to determine the fertilization rate according to the remaining amount of fertilizer, and adjust the opening parameters of each of the electronically controlled valves and the air flow speed generated by the air collection device according to the fertilization rate and the fertilizer demand per unit time.

[0014] Optionally, the intelligent fertilization system further comprises a material box shaft located inside the material box, for stirring the fertilizer in the material box;

[0015] The controller is also used to control the rotation frequency of the material box shaft to adjust the discharge rate of the discharge port.

[0016] Optionally, the intelligent fertilization system further comprises a moisture sensor arranged in the soil of the fertilization area, for monitoring the soil moisture of the fertilization area.

[0017] Optionally, the intelligent fertilization system further comprises a positioning device arranged on the mobile device, for recording the fertilization position of the mobile device;

[0018] The controller is also used to control the moving direction of the mobile device according to the fertilization position of the mobile device and the topographic map of the fertilization area.

[0019] Optionally, the controller is further configured to adjust the opening parameter of each of the electrically controlled valves according to the current fertilization position of the mobile device and a topographic map of the fertilization area.

[0020] Optionally, obtaining the nutrient demand per unit area in the fertilization area specifically includes:

[0021] Acquire the crop names and growth stages of the crops planted in the fertilization area from a database;

[0022] According to the crop name and growth stage of the crops planted in the fertilization area, the nutrient requirement per unit area in the fertilization area is obtained from a database; wherein the database stores a nutrient requirement table of crops, and the nutrient requirement table includes the nutrient requirement per unit area of ​​crops at each growth stage.

[0023] Optionally, the controller is further used to determine the total fertilizer usage according to the fertilizer demand per unit area in the fertilization area, the area of ​​the fertilization area and the fertilization efficiency.

[0024] Optionally, the controller is also used to store fertilization data, soil data and equipment data collected before, during and after fertilization in a database; the fertilization data includes fertilization time, total fertilizer usage, fertilizer ratio parameters, fertilization rate and actual fertilization path, the soil data includes nutrient content and moisture in the soil before, during and after fertilization, the equipment data includes the moving speed of the mobile device during fertilization, the opening parameters of each of the electronically controlled valves and the air flow speed, and the fertilization data, the soil data and the equipment data are used as a basis for adjusting the fertilization strategy.

[0025] The intelligent fertilization system provided in the embodiment of the present application can conveniently and accurately obtain the actual nutrient content in the soil in the fertilization area through the soil nutrient sensor set in the fertilization area, and can obtain the accurate fertilization demand in combination with the nutrient demand, and then determine the fertilizer demand per unit time in combination with the moving speed of the mobile device. Then, based on the fertilizer demand per unit time, by adjusting the opening parameters of the electronically controlled valve and the air flow speed generated by the wind collecting device, accurate quantitative application of fertilizer can be achieved, ensuring that the amount of fertilizer applied matches the actual demand of the soil, ensuring that the nutritional needs of crops are met, and avoiding waste and environmental pollution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings introduced below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an intelligent fertilization system provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of an intelligent fertilization system provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a material box shaft inside an intelligent fertilization system provided in one embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0031] refer to Figure 1 to Figure 3 The embodiment of the present application provides an intelligent fertilization system, including: a material box 10 installed on a mobile device, multiple material delivery channels 20, multiple electric-controlled valves 30, an air collection device 40 and a controller, and a soil nutrient sensor arranged in the soil of the fertilization area.

[0032] The material box 10 is used to store powdered fertilizers. In specific implementation, the design of the material box 10 needs to consider moisture-proof, leak-proof and convenient fertilizer replenishment. The material box is generally made of corrosion-resistant materials to ensure that it will not be damaged during long-term use.

[0033] The bottom of the material box 10 is provided with a plurality of discharge ports, each of which is connected to a drop channel 20. The drop channel 20 is a pipe connecting the material box 10 and the fertilization area. The fertilizer in the material box 10 can fall into the fertilization area below through the plurality of drop channels 20 under the action of gravity. The drop channel 20 should be designed to ensure that there is no blockage and it is easy to clean.

[0034] The air collecting device 40 has a plurality of air outlets 401, each of which is connected to a material dropping channel 20. The air collecting device 40 is used to generate airflows introduced into the plurality of material dropping channels 20, so that the fertilizer in the material box 10 falls uniformly into the fertilization area through the material dropping channels 20 under the action of gravity and airflow. The greater the airflow speed, the greater the amount of fertilizer blown down, so the amount of fertilizer can also be controlled by adjusting the airflow speed of the air collecting device 40.

[0035] An electric control valve 30 is arranged in each drop channel 20. Each electric control valve 30 can be controlled independently. By adjusting the opening parameter of the electric control valve 30, the opening size of the electric control valve 30 can be controlled, thereby adjusting the amount of fertilizer falling into the fertilizer application area through the drop channel 20. The adjustment range of the opening parameter is from 0 to 100%. When the opening parameter is 0%, the electric control valve is completely closed, and the fertilizer cannot fall into the fertilizer area; when the opening parameter is 100%, the electric control valve is completely opened, and the fertilizer can 100% fall into the fertilizer area through the drop channel; when the opening parameter is a value between 0 and 100%, the electric control valve opens a certain amplitude according to the proportion shown by the opening parameter, so as to accurately control the amount of fertilizer falling into the fertilizer area. In specific implementation, the selection, installation position and installation process of the electric control valve need to consider wear resistance and sealing performance to ensure long-term stable operation. By adjusting the opening and closing states of multiple electric control valves, the control of the fertilizer application amount and application area can be realized, and the precise control of fertilizer application can be realized.

[0036] The soil nutrient sensor is used to monitor the actual nutrient content per unit area in the fertilization area. In specific implementation, the soil nutrient sensor can be an electrochemical sensor installed in the soil in the fertilization area to monitor the content of nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the soil. The data monitored by the soil nutrient sensor is used to guide the adjustment of the amount of fertilizer to ensure accurate fertilization. The soil nutrient sensor can send the monitoring data to the controller through the network.

[0037] The controller is used to obtain the nutrient demand per unit area in the fertilization area and the moving speed of the mobile equipment, determine the fertilizer demand per unit area in the fertilization area according to the nutrient demand and the actual nutrient content, determine the fertilizer demand per unit time according to the fertilizer demand and the moving speed, and adjust the opening parameters of each electronically controlled valve and the air flow speed generated by the wind collecting device according to the fertilizer demand per unit time to adjust the amount of fertilizer falling into the fertilization area.

[0038] The larger the opening parameter of the electric control valve, the more the number of opened electric control valves, and the greater the air flow speed, the more fertilizer falls into the fertilization area; conversely, the smaller the opening parameter of the electric control valve, the fewer the number of opened electric control valves, and the smaller the air flow speed, the less fertilizer falls into the fertilization area. In practical applications, the adjustment amplitude of parameters such as the opening parameter, the number of opened electric control valves, and the air flow speed can be determined in combination with the real-time monitoring data of each sensor and the actual test situation, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0039] The intelligent fertilization system provided in the embodiment of the present application is a device that can realize the precise application of powdered fertilizers, and is mainly used to realize precise fertilization in agricultural production. The actual nutrient content in the soil of the fertilization area can be conveniently and accurately obtained by setting a soil nutrient sensor in the fertilization area, and the precise fertilization demand can be obtained in combination with the nutrient demand, and then the fertilizer demand per unit time can be determined in combination with the moving speed of the mobile device, and then based on the fertilizer demand per unit time, by adjusting the opening parameters of the electronically controlled valve and the air flow speed generated by the wind collection device, the precise quantitative application of fertilizers can be realized, ensuring that the amount of fertilizer applied matches the actual demand of the soil, ensuring that the nutritional needs of crops are met, and avoiding waste and environmental pollution.

[0040] The mobile device will move at a preset speed and path, and spray fertilizer during the movement to ensure that the entire fertilization area is covered. By combining sensors, electronic control equipment and preset automatic control programs, automatic fertilization is achieved, reducing manual operations.

[0041] In some possible embodiments, the wind collecting device is composed of an airflow generating device and a guide plate. The airflow generating device includes but is not limited to a fan or a blower, and the airflow generated by the airflow generating device is guided to the material drop channel through the guide plate to ensure that the fertilizer is evenly distributed. A stable and uniform airflow is generated by the airflow generating device. The controller is electrically connected to the airflow generating device. The controller is used to adjust the airflow speed and direction generated by the airflow generating device to ensure that the fertilizer can be evenly applied under the action of the airflow. In practical applications, the adjustment amplitude and adjustment method of the airflow speed and direction can be determined in combination with actual test conditions, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0042] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some possible embodiments, the intelligent fertilization system provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes a flow sensor 50 disposed in each material drop channel 20, for monitoring the gas flow in the material drop channel 20. The controller is also used to adjust the air flow velocity generated by the wind collecting device according to the gas flow in the material drop channel. The air flow velocity generated by the wind collecting device is adjusted in real time according to the gas flow monitored by the flow sensor, thereby realizing closed-loop control of the air flow velocity and ensuring stable application of fertilizer during the fertilization process.

[0043] In a specific implementation, the flow sensor may be a turbine flow meter.

[0044] In some possible embodiments, the intelligent fertilization system provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes a residual monitoring sensor disposed in the material box, which is used to monitor the residual amount of fertilizer in the material box. To this end, the controller is also used to determine the fertilization rate according to the residual amount of fertilizer, and adjust the opening parameters of each electronically controlled valve and the air flow speed generated by the air collection device according to the fertilization rate and the fertilizer demand per unit time.

[0045] In a specific implementation, the remaining quantity monitoring sensor may be an ultrasonic sensor, and the remaining quantity monitoring sensor may be installed at the bottom or side of the material box.

[0046] In specific implementation, the controller can calculate the amount of fertilizer reduction in the material box per unit time, that is, the fertilization rate, based on the amount of fertilizer remaining monitored by the remaining monitoring sensor at different times. Then, the controller will determine whether the fertilization rate is equal to the fertilizer demand per unit time; if the actual fertilization rate is less than the fertilizer demand per unit time, it indicates that the actual fertilizer application amount does not meet the expected application demand. At this time, the actual fertilizer application amount can be increased by increasing the airflow speed, increasing the opening parameters of the electric control valve, and increasing the number of electric control valves opened. If the actual fertilization rate is equal to the fertilizer demand per unit time, it indicates that the actual fertilizer application amount meets the expected application demand and no adjustment is required; if the actual fertilization rate is greater than the fertilizer demand per unit time, it indicates that the actual fertilizer application amount exceeds the expected application demand. At this time, the actual fertilizer application amount can be reduced by reducing the airflow speed, reducing the opening parameters of the electric control valve, and reducing the number of electric control valves opened. In practical applications, the adjustment amplitudes of parameters such as air flow velocity, opening parameters, and the number of openings of the electrically controlled valves can be determined in combination with the real-time monitoring data of each sensor and the actual test conditions, and are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0047] The intelligent fertilization system provided in the embodiment of the present application can obtain an accurate fertilization rate by monitoring the remaining amount of fertilizer in real time through the remaining monitoring sensor, and then accurately adjust the opening parameters of the electronically controlled valve and the air flow speed generated by the wind collecting device in real time according to the fertilization rate and the fertilizer demand per unit time, thereby realizing closed-loop control of the system, ensuring the stability of the output of fertilizer during the fertilization process, ensuring that the amount of fertilizer applied matches the soil demand, and further improving the precise control of the amount of fertilizer applied.

[0048] In some possible embodiments, the intelligent fertilization system provided in the embodiments of the present application further includes a humidity sensor disposed in the soil of the fertilization area, for monitoring the soil humidity of the fertilization area. In specific implementation, the humidity sensor may be a resistive humidity sensor.

[0049] Fertilizers applied to the soil must be dissolved in water before they can be absorbed by the crop roots. Too little or too much water in the soil will affect the root development, and thus affect the fertilization effect. Therefore, soil moisture is an important reference factor for fertilization. Monitoring the soil moisture in the fertilization area can be used to guide the adjustment of the amount of fertilizer to ensure accurate fertilization. In specific implementation, the fertilizer absorption efficiency of various soil types under different soil moisture levels can be pre-stored in the database. The fertilizer absorption efficiency refers to the ratio between the amount of nutrients absorbed by the crop and the amount of fertilizer applied. When determining the fertilizer demand per unit area, the controller can find the corresponding fertilizer absorption efficiency from the database based on the soil type and soil moisture in the fertilization area, and determine the fertilizer demand per unit area in the fertilization area based on the nutrient demand and actual nutrient content in the fertilization area and the fertilizer absorption efficiency. It is also possible to pre-store the appropriate soil moisture for various crops at different growth stages in the database. The intelligent fertilization system can adjust the soil moisture to the appropriate soil moisture before fertilization based on the monitored soil moisture in the fertilization area to ensure full absorption of the fertilizer.

[0050] refer to Figure 3 In some possible embodiments, the intelligent fertilization system provided in the embodiments of the present application also includes a material box shaft 60 located inside the material box 10. The material box shaft 60 is used to stir the fertilizer in the material box to prevent the fertilizer from caking in the material box 10, thereby ensuring that the fertilizer falls evenly into the material drop channel 20. The material box shaft is driven by a motor, and the stirring frequency and intensity of the material box shaft can be set as needed. The stirring frequency and intensity have a certain effect on the discharge rate. For example, if the stirring frequency is low, it may cause material blockage. However, after the frequency reaches a certain value, the main factor affecting the material drop is the opening of the electric control valve in the material drop channel. To this end, the controller is also used to control the rotation frequency and intensity of the material box shaft to adjust the discharge rate of the discharge port.

[0051] In some possible embodiments, the intelligent fertilization system provided in the embodiments of the present application also includes a positioning device arranged on the mobile device, which is used to record the fertilization position of the mobile device. The controller is also used to control the moving direction of the mobile device according to the fertilization position of the mobile device and the topographic map of the fertilization area. The real-time position of the mobile device during the fertilization process can be known through the positioning device. Combined with the topographic map of the fertilization area, a reasonable fertilization path can be planned, and then the mobile device can be controlled to move according to the planned fertilization path and complete the fertilization to ensure that the entire fertilization area is covered.

[0052] In specific implementation, the topographic map of each fertilization area can be stored in the background database, and the fertilization path corresponding to the topographic map can be pre-planned and stored in the database. The controller directly retrieves the required data from the background database to complete the automatic control of the mobile device.

[0053] Since farmlands are of different shapes, the fertilization area in actual application may not be a regular shape such as a rectangle. Under the premise that all the electric control valves are open, some areas may have repeated spraying of fertilizers or no spraying of fertilizers, and fertilizers may be sprayed outside the fertilization area. For this reason, the controller is also used to adjust the opening parameters of each electric control valve according to the current fertilization position of the mobile device and the topographic map of the fertilization area. Specifically, the terrain of the fertilization position where the mobile device is currently located can be determined based on the topographic map of the fertilization area, so as to determine which electric control valves correspond to spraying areas outside the fertilization area, and control the electric control valves outside the fertilization area to be in a closed state, so as to avoid the fertilizer from being sprayed outside the fertilization area. The opening parameters of the electric control valves in the fertilization area can be determined based on parameters such as the fertilization rate and the fertilizer demand per unit time. Furthermore, the completed area where fertilization has been completed can be determined based on the fertilization position recorded by the positioning device and the opening parameters of the electric control valve at each fertilization position, and then the target area that needs fertilization corresponding to the current fertilization position of the mobile device can be determined based on the current fertilization position of the mobile device, the topographic map of the fertilization area, and the completed area, and the electric control valve outside the target area can be controlled to be in a closed state. The opening parameters of the electric control valve in the target area can be determined based on parameters such as the fertilization rate and the fertilizer demand per unit time, thereby avoiding repeated spraying of fertilizers or failure to spray fertilizers. The above-mentioned electric control valve control strategy can also be pre-determined based on the topographic map of the fertilization area and stored in the background database, and the controller can directly call the corresponding electric control valve control strategy.

[0054] In specific implementation, the actual fertilization path can also be drawn according to the fertilization position recorded by the positioning device during the fertilization process for subsequent data analysis.

[0055] In some possible embodiments, when the fertilization area is large, the nutrient content and humidity at different locations may be different. In order to obtain more accurate monitoring data, the fertilization area can be divided into multiple sub-areas, and soil nutrient sensors and humidity sensors are respectively set in each sub-area to obtain the actual nutrient content and humidity at different locations in the fertilization area. According to the monitoring data of different sub-areas, the corresponding fertilization strategy is formulated. For example, the fertilization demand per unit area in the sub-area is determined according to the nutrient demand of the fertilization area and the actual nutrient content of the sub-area, the fertilizer demand per unit time is determined according to the fertilization demand per unit area in the sub-area and the moving speed, and the opening parameter of each electronically controlled valve and the air flow speed generated by the wind collection device are determined according to the fertilizer demand per unit time, so as to obtain the fertilization strategy corresponding to each sub-area. When fertilizing, the sub-area where the mobile device is currently located can be determined according to the fertilization position where the mobile device is currently located output by the positioning device, and then the opening parameter of each electronically controlled valve and the air flow speed generated by the wind collection device are controlled according to the fertilization strategy corresponding to the sub-area, so that the amount of fertilizer falling into the fertilization area meets the fertilization demand of the sub-area.

[0056] In some possible embodiments, the step of "obtaining the nutrient requirement per unit area in the fertilization area" executed in the controller specifically includes: obtaining the crop name and growth stage of the crops planted in the fertilization area from the database; according to the crop name and growth stage of the crops planted in the fertilization area, obtaining the nutrient requirement per unit area in the fertilization area from the database; wherein a crop nutrient requirement table is stored in the database, and the nutrient requirement table includes the nutrient requirement per unit area of ​​crops at each growth stage.

[0057] During specific implementation, the database pre-stores the crop information table and crop nutrition requirement table of the crops planted in each fertilization area. The crop information table records information such as the crop name, the current growth stage, and the target yield. The crop nutrition requirement table records information such as the crop name and the nutrient requirement per unit area of ​​soil at different growth stages. The unit of nutrient requirement is kilograms per hectare, and the nutrient requirement includes but is not limited to nitrogen requirement, phosphorus requirement, potassium requirement, etc. Combined with the crop information table and crop nutrition requirement table stored in the database, the nutrient requirement of the crop can be automatically calculated according to the growth conditions of the crop to ensure the effective implementation of the subsequent fertilization strategy.

[0058] Taking nitrogen fertilizer as an example, the calculation formula for the nitrogen fertilizer demand per unit area in the fertilization area is:

[0059] N 需求 =N 目标 -N 现有 (1)

[0060] Among them, N 需求is the nitrogen fertilizer requirement per unit area in the fertilization area, N 目标 is the nitrogen demand per unit area at the current growth stage obtained from the database, N 现有 is the actual nitrogen content monitored by the soil nutrient sensor. The calculation formulas for the fertilization requirements of other nutrients are similar to formula (1) and will not be repeated here.

[0061] In a possible embodiment, when the fertilization area requires fertilizers of multiple nutrients, the fertilization requirements of all nutrients per unit area of ​​the fertilization area are first obtained by the above method, and then the fertilization requirements of all nutrients are added together to obtain the fertilization requirements per unit area of ​​the fertilization area. For example, when three nutrients, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, are required, the fertilization requirements per unit area of ​​the fertilization area are F 总需求 =N 需求 +P 需求 +K 需求 , where N 需求 , P 需求 , K 需求 , is the nitrogen fertilizer requirement per unit area in the fertilization area, P 需求 is the fertilizer demand per unit area of ​​phosphate fertilizer in the fertilization area, K 需求 It is the potassium fertilizer demand per unit area in the fertilization area.

[0062] In another possible embodiment, when the fertilization area requires fertilizers of multiple nutrients, the fertilization requirement per unit area in the fertilization area can also be obtained in a weighted manner. For example, when three nutrients, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, are required, the total fertilization requirement per unit area can be calculated by the following formula:

[0063] F 总需求 =k1×N 需求 +k2×P 需求 +k3×K 需求

[0064] Among them, F 总需求 is the total fertilizer demand per unit area in the fertilization area, N 需求 , P 需求 , K 需求 , is the nitrogen fertilizer requirement per unit area in the fertilization area, P 需求 is the fertilizer demand per unit area of ​​phosphate fertilizer in the fertilization area, K 需求 is the potassium fertilizer requirement per unit area in the fertilization area, k1, k2, k3 are weight coefficients of different nutrients, and the weight coefficients can be determined according to crop requirements and growth stages, and are not limited here.

[0065] In some possible embodiments, the controller is further configured to determine the total fertilizer usage according to the fertilizer demand per unit area in the fertilization area, the area of ​​the fertilization area, and the fertilization efficiency.

[0066] In the specific implementation, the area of ​​the fertilization area and the fertilization efficiency are also pre-recorded in the database. The fertilization efficiency can be pre-determined according to the fertilization equipment and method. Taking nitrogen fertilizer as an example, the fertilizer dosage N of nitrogen fertilizer is 总 The calculation formula is:

[0067]

[0068] Among them, N 需求 It is obtained according to formula (1), A 施肥区域 is the area of ​​fertilization area, E 效率 For fertilization efficiency.

[0069] The calculation formulas for the fertilizer dosage of other nutrients are similar to formula (2) and will not be repeated here. After obtaining the fertilizer dosages of all nutrients required for the fertilization area, the fertilizer dosages of all nutrients are added together to obtain the total fertilizer dosage corresponding to the fertilization area.

[0070] Based on the data collected by the database and sensors and the above calculation formula, fertilizers are prepared in advance according to weights and placed in the material box, so that the intelligent fertilization system can achieve precise fertilization of crops.

[0071] In specific implementation, the database can also pre-store a soil information table for each fertilization area, which records information such as soil type, organic matter content (unit: %), soil pH value, soil moisture, nitrogen content (unit: ppm), phosphorus content (unit: ppm), potassium content (unit: ppm), etc. Among them, information such as organic matter content, soil pH value, nitrogen content, phosphorus content, potassium content, etc. can come from various sensors installed in the soil of the fertilization area to obtain the current real data of the soil, so that the amount of fertilizer can be adjusted according to historical fertilization data and soil feedback to ensure that the nutritional needs of crops are met.

[0072] In specific implementation, the database can also pre-store the climate condition table corresponding to each fertilization area. The climate condition table records data such as region, annual rainfall (unit: mm), and annual average temperature (unit: ° C), so as to adjust the fertilization strategy according to the data in the climate condition table. For example, the greater the precipitation, the faster the fertilizer is lost; the higher the local temperature, the faster the fertilizer decomposes. Therefore, in areas with high temperature and high precipitation, the strategy of applying a small amount of fertilizer multiple times can be adopted, and vice versa, the strategy of applying a large amount of fertilizer less times can be adopted.

[0073] To this end, the intelligent fertilization system of the embodiment of the present application can also formulate personalized fertilization strategies based on soil and environmental data in different regions to improve the accuracy of fertilization.

[0074] In some possible embodiments, the controller is also used to store the fertilization data, soil data and equipment data collected before, during and after fertilization in a database. The fertilization data, soil data and equipment data are used as a basis for adjusting the fertilization strategy for subsequent analysis and optimization of the fertilization plan.

[0075] Fertilization data includes: fertilization time, total fertilizer usage, fertilizer ratio parameters, fertilization rate, actual fertilization path, etc. Among them, fertilization time includes the start time and end time of each fertilization, total fertilizer usage is the total fertilizer weight used for each fertilization, fertilizer ratio parameters include the type of fertilizer used for each fertilization and the proportion of various fertilizers, fertilization rate is the fertilizer release rate per minute or per second during the fertilization process (in kg / min or kg / s), and the actual fertilization path is obtained based on the positioning data of the positioning device during the fertilization process.

[0076] Soil data includes: nutrient content and moisture in the soil before, during and after fertilization. The nutrient content includes but is not limited to nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content.

[0077] The equipment data includes the moving speed of the mobile equipment during fertilization, the opening parameters of each electronically controlled valve, and the air flow velocity.

[0078] The fertilization data, soil data, equipment data and other data recorded in the database can be used as the basis for subsequent adjustments to fertilization strategies.

[0079] The intelligent fertilization system of the embodiment of the present application can collect various types of data before, during, and after fertilization, and store the data in a database to ensure the integrity and traceability of the data. By regularly analyzing the data in the database, the fertilization effect and existing problems can be identified, and then based on the analysis results, an optimization plan can be formulated to adjust the amount of fertilizer, fertilization path, and equipment parameters. The optimization plan is implemented during the next fertilization process, and new fertilization data is recorded. Continuously monitor and record fertilization data, and continuously optimize fertilization plans and equipment performance through feedback loops.

[0080] In some possible embodiments, the intelligent fertilization system may also be remotely connected to a terminal device via a network, and a user may remotely monitor the fertilization status and make adjustments via the terminal device.

[0081] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "middle", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0082] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0083] It should be noted that the above embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other in the absence of conflict; and, based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative work are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0084] The above embodiments are only used to introduce the technical solutions of the present application in detail, but the description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the methods of the embodiments of the present application and should not be understood as limiting the embodiments of the present application. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by technicians in this technical field should be included in the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. An intelligent fertilization system, characterized in that: include: A material box installed on a mobile device, a plurality of material dropping channels, a plurality of electronically controlled valves, an air collecting device and a controller, and a soil nutrient sensor set in the soil of a fertilization area; The material box is used to store powdered fertilizer, and the bottom of the material box includes a plurality of discharge ports; Each of the material-dropping channels is communicated with one of the material-discharging ports, and each of the material-dropping channels is provided with an electric-controlled valve for controlling the amount of fertilizer passing through the material-dropping channel by adjusting the opening size of the electric-controlled valve; The air outlet of the air collecting device is communicated with the material dropping channel, and the air collecting device is used to generate airflow introduced into the plurality of material dropping channels, so that the fertilizer in the material box falls evenly into the fertilization area through the material dropping channels under the action of gravity and airflow; The soil nutrient sensor is used to monitor the actual nutrient content per unit area in the fertilization area; The controller is used to obtain the nutrient demand per unit area in the fertilization area and the moving speed of the mobile device, determine the fertilizer demand per unit area in the fertilization area according to the nutrient demand and the actual nutrient content, determine the fertilizer demand per unit time according to the fertilizer demand and the moving speed, and regulate the opening parameters of each of the electronically controlled valves and the air flow speed generated by the air collecting device according to the fertilizer demand per unit time to adjust the amount of fertilizer falling into the fertilization area.

2. The intelligent fertilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent fertilization system further includes a flow sensor disposed in each of the material-dropping channels, for monitoring the gas flow in the material-dropping channels; The controller is also used to adjust the air flow speed generated by the air collecting device according to the gas flow in the blanking channel.

3. The intelligent fertilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent fertilization system further includes a residual amount monitoring sensor disposed in the material box, for monitoring the residual amount of fertilizer in the material box; The controller is also used to determine the fertilization rate according to the remaining amount of fertilizer, and adjust the opening parameters of each of the electronically controlled valves and the air flow speed generated by the air collection device according to the fertilization rate and the fertilizer demand per unit time.

4. The intelligent fertilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent fertilization system further comprises a material box shaft located inside the material box, for stirring the fertilizer in the material box; The controller is also used to control the rotation frequency of the material box shaft to adjust the discharge rate of the discharge port.

5. The intelligent fertilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent fertilization system further comprises a moisture sensor arranged in the soil of the fertilization area, for monitoring the soil moisture of the fertilization area.

6. The intelligent fertilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent fertilization system further comprises a positioning device arranged on the mobile device, for recording the fertilization position of the mobile device; The controller is also used to control the moving direction of the mobile device according to the fertilization position of the mobile device and the topographic map of the fertilization area.

7. The intelligent fertilization system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The controller is also used to adjust the opening parameter of each of the electronically controlled valves according to the current fertilization position of the mobile device and the topographic map of the fertilization area.

8. The intelligent fertilization system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The obtaining of the nutrient requirement per unit area in the fertilization area specifically includes: Acquire the crop names and growth stages of the crops planted in the fertilization area from a database; According to the crop name and growth stage of the crops planted in the fertilization area, the nutrient requirement per unit area in the fertilization area is obtained from a database; wherein the database stores a nutrient requirement table of crops, and the nutrient requirement table includes the nutrient requirement per unit area of ​​crops at each growth stage.

9. The intelligent fertilization system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The controller is also used to determine the total fertilizer usage according to the fertilizer demand per unit area in the fertilization area, the area of ​​the fertilization area and the fertilization efficiency.

10. The intelligent fertilization system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The controller is also used to store the fertilization data, soil data and equipment data collected before, during and after fertilization in a database; the fertilization data includes fertilization time, total fertilizer usage, fertilizer ratio parameters, fertilization rate and actual fertilization path, the soil data includes nutrient content and humidity in the soil before, during and after fertilization, the equipment data includes the moving speed of the mobile device during fertilization, the opening parameters of each of the electronically controlled valves and the air flow speed, and the fertilization data, the soil data and the equipment data are used as a basis for adjusting the fertilization strategy.

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