Fermented feed for improving intestinal health and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a fermented feed for improving intestinal health and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of feed processing; the fermented feed for improving intestinal health consists of ZIF‑8@Clove Basil Oil Nanoparticles, Laver Polysaccharide Active Traditional Chinese Medicine Composite Gel, corn flour, soybean meal powder, grass powder, Bacillus subtilis, yeast and papain; the Laver Polysaccharide Active Traditional Chinese Medicine Composite Gel consists of Laver Polysaccharide, chitosan, compound traditional Chinese medicine superfine powder and citric acid; the ZIF‑8@Clove Basil Oil Nanoparticles are combined with the Laver Polysaccharide Active Traditional Chinese Medicine Composite Gel, and then coated with the fermented feed, so as to effectively isolate the feed from the external environment, maintain the activity of microorganisms in the fermented feed, increase the stability of the feed, and can also absorb harmful substances in the feed, reduce the adverse effects on the digestive tract, significantly improve intestinal health, thereby promoting digestion and absorption, and helping to improve the growth performance of animals.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of feed processing, and specifically refers to a fermented feed for improving intestinal health and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Poultry farming plays an important role in meeting people's demand for poultry meat and eggs. However, with the rapid development of the poultry farming industry, the shortage of conventional feed raw materials and the rising feed costs have become prominent. Therefore, the search for new types of feed, such as fermented feed, is gradually attracting people's attention.

[0003] Through the action of microorganisms, fermented feed converts cellulose and starch in feed into proteins and amino acids that are easier to digest and absorb. Microorganisms can also decompose anti-nutritional substances in feed to improve the nutritional value of feed. The organic acids and aroma substances produced during the fermentation process give fermented feed a unique sweet and sour taste, which can increase the appetite and digestibility of animals (such as pigs, meat poultry and laying poultry). Fermented feed contains a large number of beneficial microorganisms, such as lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria. These microorganisms can regulate the balance of intestinal flora, improve intestinal health, promote the digestion and absorption capacity of animals, and enhance immunity.

[0004] The existing technology currently has the following problems:

[0005] Fermented feed is easily affected by external environmental conditions, which is not conducive to the activity of microorganisms and increases the risk of unstable feed quality. At the same time, fermented feed also produces some harmful substances, such as excessive E. coli, which has an adverse effect on the animal's digestive tract. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention proposes a fermented feed for improving intestinal health, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of ZIF-8@clove basil oil nanoparticles, 20-30 parts of laver polysaccharide active Chinese medicine composite gel, 30-50 parts of corn flour, 30-50 parts of soybean meal powder, 30-40 parts of grass powder, 1-2 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 1-2 parts of yeast, and 4-6 parts of papain.

[0007] The ZIF-8@clove basil oil nanoparticles include the following components in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of ZIF-8 carrier and 15-20 parts of clove basil oil.

[0008] The laver polysaccharide active traditional Chinese medicine composite gel comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of laver polysaccharide, 10-20 parts of chitosan, 5-8 parts of compound traditional Chinese medicine superfine powder, and 3-5 parts of citric acid.

[0009] The raw materials of the compound Chinese medicine superfine powder include the following components in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of Codonopsis pilosula, 10-20 parts of Astragalus membranaceus, and 10-20 parts of Taraxacum officinale.

[0010] The preparation method of the ZIF-8@clove basil oil nanoparticles specifically comprises the following steps:

[0011] a. Add 595 mg of zinc nitrate hexahydrate to 20 mL of 90% ethanol solution, stir to fully dissolve it, as liquid A, weigh 659 mg of 2-methylimidazole and add it to 20 mL of 90% ethanol solution, stir to fully dissolve it, as liquid B, slowly drip liquid A into liquid B while stirring, the stirring speed is 60-80 rpm, after the dropwise addition is completed, continue stirring for 20-30 min, then stand for 8-12 h, centrifuge, the centrifugal speed is 600-800 rpm, the centrifugal time is 5-10 min, and then wash the precipitate with anhydrous ethanol solution 2-3 times, collect the white precipitate, and vacuum dry it at 60-80 ° C for 8-12 h. ZIF-8 can disintegrate in the gastrointestinal environment, so that the encapsulated substance is released. At the same time, the zinc ions released by the disintegration are not only one of the trace elements necessary for animal growth, but also can alleviate the oxidative damage of the intestine and improve the integrity of the intestinal barrier, so as to obtain the ZIF-8 carrier;

[0012] b. Add 150-200 mg of clove basil oil to 100 mL of 90% ethanol solution by mass, stir to dissolve it, clove basil oil can stimulate the secretion of digestive enzymes, increase gastrointestinal motility, promote animal feeding and digestion, and improve growth performance. Clove basil oil also has a significant antibacterial effect on Escherichia coli, reducing the risk of intestinal diseases such as diarrhea caused by excessive Escherichia coli. Then add the ZIF-8 carrier described in step a, place it at room temperature for ultrasonic vibration for 5-10 minutes, then magnetically stir for 2-3 hours, and then centrifuge the mixture at high speed at a centrifugal speed of 100 00-20000rpm, centrifugation time 10-15min, collecting precipitates, washing the precipitates with anhydrous ethanol 2-3 times, vacuum drying at 60-80℃ for 24-48h, grinding, encapsulating the clove basil oil inside the ZIF-8 carrier, enhancing the storage stability of the clove basil oil, facilitating its entry into the gastrointestinal tract to improve intestinal health, and this encapsulation form can form a distinction and isolation with the fermented feed, reducing the adverse effects on the microorganisms in the fermented feed, and is conducive to maintaining the activity of the microorganisms in the fermented feed, thereby obtaining ZIF-8@clove basil oil nanoparticles;

[0013] Preferably, in step b, the mass ratio of basil oil to ZIF-8 carrier is 1:1, which can not only achieve the encapsulation of basil oil better, but also maintain the structural integrity of ZIF-8 carrier.

[0014] The preparation method of the laver polysaccharide active traditional Chinese medicine composite gel specifically comprises the following steps:

[0015] (1) Pulverize the naturally air-dried laver, weigh 4-5 g of laver powder, soak it in 95% ethanol solution overnight, freeze-dry the residue, add 250-300 mL of distilled water to obtain the freeze-dried powder, and perform microwave extraction at pH 7.0-7.5. The appropriate pH value is conducive to the maintenance of enzyme activity, the removal of protein and the purity of polysaccharides. Repeat the extraction twice, combine the extracts, centrifuge at a speed of 4000-5000 rpm, and the centrifugation time is 5-10 min. Remove the precipitate, collect the supernatant, and concentrate it under reduced pressure. Add anhydrous ethanol to precipitate repeatedly 2-3 times, keep it at 4°C overnight, centrifuge to obtain the precipitate, wash the precipitate with anhydrous ethanol and acetone 2-3 times, dry it, and add the crude polysaccharide to water to completely dissolve it. 1 / 2 amount of neutral protease of polysaccharide, stirring, water bathing at 40-50℃ for 1-2h, inactivating with boiling water for 3-5min, repeating several times, until there is no absorption peak at 280nm, indicating that the protein has been removed, centrifuging, centrifugal speed 4000-5000rpm, centrifugal time 5-10min, taking the supernatant for decompression concentration, drying, laver polysaccharide can improve the activity of intestinal digestive enzymes, support intestinal health and ensure the delivery of nutrients, and improve the morphology of intestinal villi to a certain extent, which is beneficial to improve the absorption capacity of the intestine. Laver polysaccharide, as a carbon source of intestinal flora, can improve the richness and diversity of intestinal flora, promote the growth of beneficial flora, inhibit the reproduction of harmful flora, maintain the balance of intestinal microecology, and obtain laver polysaccharide;

[0016] (2) Mix and dry Codonopsis pilosula, Astragalus membranaceus and Taraxacum officinale in an oven at 55-65°C, first grind and screen with an ordinary grinder, the mesh size is 80-100 mesh, then ultrafine grind and screen with a mesh size of 300-500 mesh. Traditional Chinese medicine contains a variety of bioactive substances such as polysaccharides and flavonoids, as well as a variety of nutrients such as proteins, amino acids, vitamins, etc., and has multiple pharmaceutical values ​​such as improving animal immunity, promoting animal growth and adjusting the structure of its intestinal microbial flora. Under the application of ultrafine grinding technology, the dense cytoplasmic structure of traditional Chinese medicine is effectively changed, so that the effective ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine are better released, and the bioavailability and utilization rate of the effective ingredients in the animal intestine are improved, so as to obtain a compound traditional Chinese medicine ultrafine powder;

[0017] (3) 1-2g chitosan was added to N 2Disperse in 50mL of 3% acetic acid solution under atmosphere for standby use. Chitosan can adsorb and wrap pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli to prevent them from adhering to the intestinal wall and multiplying. At the same time, it promotes the growth of beneficial bacteria such as lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria, and optimizes the intestinal environment. Dissolve the laver polysaccharide described in step (1) in 50mL of pure water and stir to completely dissolve it. Mix the laver polysaccharide solution and chitosan solution evenly, then add the superfine powder of the compound Chinese medicine described in step (2), stir, and continue to add citric acid. Citric acid can be used as a cross-linking agent to generate The invention can also enhance the acidity of the gastrointestinal tract and the activity of digestive enzymes, help inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli, reduce the incidence of diarrhea, improve the intestinal environment, maintain the balance of the flora, and help prevent digestive disorders. The pH value is adjusted to 5.0-6.0, the cross-linking temperature is 45-55°C, the cross-linking time is 3-4h, the ultrasonic homogenization is performed, the ultrasonic temperature is 20-40°C, the ultrasonic frequency is 30-40KHz, the ultrasonic power is 600-800W, the ultrasonic time is 5-10min, and the laver polysaccharide active traditional Chinese medicine composite gel is obtained;

[0018] Preferably, in step (1), during the microwave extraction process, the microwave power is 400-600 W, and the extraction time is 50-90 s. The extraction rate of polysaccharides extracted by microwave is higher than that of traditional ultrasonic-assisted extraction, and the obtained polysaccharides have better antioxidant activity, playing an important role in protecting intestinal health and reducing intestinal damage.

[0019] Preferably, in step (3), the mass fraction of laver polysaccharide in the aqueous solution is 3-5%. The addition of adhesive substances is beneficial to strengthening the intestinal barrier, and laver polysaccharide can be cross-linked with chitosan to form a gel network structure, providing a basic framework for further optimization of the gel.

[0020] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a fermented feed for improving intestinal health, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0021] S1. 1-2g of Bacillus subtilis and 1-2g of yeast were inoculated into LB medium for activation. After culturing at 37℃ for 1-2 days, the number of viable bacteria in the bacterial suspension was 3×10 9 CFU / mL, add 4-5 times amount of pure water to corn flour, soybean meal and grass meal, mix well, sterilize at 120℃, add 1% inoculum of Bacillus subtilis suspension, 1% yeast suspension and 4-6g papain after cooling to room temperature, perform anaerobic fermentation at 35-36℃ for 72h, freeze-dry, and use mixed bacteria and papain to synergistically ferment feed, which has a better taste, provides better nutritional balance and digestion process, and helps to maintain the stability of normal intestinal structure. The fermentation product can increase the number of lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria in the intestine, thereby producing a large amount of lactic acid and acetic acid, promoting the growth of intestinal villi, expanding the absorption area of ​​the small intestine, and helping to enhance intestinal function, thus obtaining fermented feed;

[0022] S2, adding the laver polysaccharide active Chinese medicine composite gel to 10-20 times the amount of water, stirring evenly, then adding ZIF-8@clove basil oil nanoparticles, magnetic stirring, continuing to add the fermented feed described in step S1, homogenizing, homogenizing pressure 600-800bar, homogenizing time 3-5min, and then freeze-drying, the composite of ZIF-8@clove basil oil nanoparticles and laver polysaccharide active Chinese medicine composite gel forms a wrapping protection for the fermented feed, enhances the stability of microorganisms in the feed, reduces the adverse effects of the external environment on its activity, is conducive to maintaining the quality of the fermented feed, and the membrane material can effectively adsorb harmful substances such as bacterial toxins and excessive Escherichia coli, reducing the adverse effects on the digestive tract, thereby reducing the risk of diarrhea, and obtaining a fermented feed with improved intestinal health;

[0023] Preferably, in step S2, during the magnetic stirring process, the stirring speed is 5000-6000rpm, and the stirring time is 3-4h. The magnetic stirring embeds the ZIF-8@clove basil oil nanoparticles into the composite gel network structure, thereby increasing the flexibility of the ZIF-8 metal framework carrier and reducing the aggregation of the nanoparticles. At the same time, the addition of nanoparticles also improves the mechanical strength of the gel, enhances the adsorption performance, and forms a membrane material with high specific surface area and high durability.

[0024] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows:

[0025] The present invention combines ZIF-8@Clove Basil Oil nanoparticles with laver polysaccharide active Chinese medicine composite gel, and then coats the fermented feed, thereby effectively isolating the nanoparticles from the external environment, maintaining the activity of microorganisms in the fermented feed, and increasing the stability of the feed. At the same time, the nanoparticles can also absorb harmful substances in the feed, reduce adverse effects on the digestive tract, and significantly improve intestinal health, thereby promoting digestion and absorption, and helping to improve the growth performance of animals. In the ZIF-8@Clove Basil Oil nanoparticles, the clove basil oil is encapsulated in the ZIF-8 carrier, reducing the adverse effects of the clove basil oil on the microorganisms in the fermented feed. After entering the gastrointestinal tract, the ZIF-8 disintegrates. The release of clove basil oil can promote digestion and absorption, reduce intestinal diseases such as diarrhea caused by excessive Escherichia coli, and the zinc ions produced by the disintegration of ZIF-8 increase the length of the villi, thereby enhancing the intestinal barrier function and improving intestinal health; the laver polysaccharide active Chinese medicine composite gel forms a tight three-dimensional network structure, which can adsorb pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli and prevent them from adhering to the intestinal wall and multiplying, while promoting the growth of beneficial bacteria such as lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria, optimizing the intestinal environment, and fundamentally improving intestinal health. The laver polysaccharide can improve the morphology of intestinal villi, which is beneficial to improving the absorption capacity of the intestine, and can be cross-linked with chitosan to enhance The density and adhesion of the gel structure further enhance the adsorption capacity and intestinal barrier protection, and also synergize with the Chinese medicinal ingredients of Codonopsis pilosula, Astragalus membranaceus, and Taraxacum officinale to improve the structure of intestinal microbial flora; ZIF-8@Clove basil oil nanoparticles are embedded in the laver polysaccharide active Chinese medicinal composite gel, which enhances the mechanical strength of the gel, improves the flexibility and agglomeration of the nanoparticles, and the nanoparticles are evenly dispersed in the gel structure to form a membrane material with high specific surface area, good mechanical properties and stable durability, which is coated on the surface of the fermented feed, thereby enhancing the isolation from the external environment, better maintaining the activity of microorganisms, and improving the stability of feed quality. In addition, the nanoparticles The strong combination of particles and composite gel significantly enhances the adsorption performance of membrane materials, reduces the adverse effects of harmful substances such as bacterial toxins and excessive Escherichia coli on the digestive tract, and reduces the occurrence of intestinal diseases such as diarrhea; the present invention uses ZIF-8@clove basil oil nanoparticles, laver polysaccharide active Chinese medicine composite gel, corn flour, soybean meal powder, grass powder, Bacillus subtilis, yeast and papain to make a fermented feed that improves intestinal health, effectively maintains the activity of microorganisms in the feed, improves the stability of feed quality, and can absorb harmful substances in the feed, reduce adverse effects on the digestive tract, significantly improve intestinal health, and enhance the growth performance of animals. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a scanning electron microscope image of the ZIF-8@clove basil oil nanoparticles prepared in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2This is a scanning electron microscope image of the fermented feed for improving intestinal health prepared in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 The results of bacterial cell survival rate of Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3 of the present invention are shown in FIG.

[0029] Figure 4 The diarrhea rate and the number of Escherichia coli of Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3 of the present invention are shown in the figure;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a graph showing the growth performance results of Examples 1-4 of the present invention and Comparative Examples 1-3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Unless otherwise defined, all professional and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those familiar to those skilled in the art. In addition, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be applied to the present invention. The preferred implementation methods and materials described herein are for demonstration purposes only and are not intended to limit the content of this application.

[0033] The experimental methods in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the experimental materials used in the following examples are purchased from commercial channels unless otherwise specified.

[0034] The sources of the reagents used in the examples are as follows:

[0035] Clove basil oil CAS No: 8015-73-4, brand Apinno, product number GC83551;

[0036] Chitosan CAS No: 9012-76-4, brand Innochem, product number A41618;

[0037] Citric acid CAS No: 77-92-9, brand Innochem, product number A24418;

[0038] Zinc nitrate hexahydrate CAS No: 10196-18-6, brand Acros, product number 211660010;

[0039] 2-Methylimidazole CAS No: 693-98-1, brand Innochem, product number A50320;

[0040] Acetone CAS No: 67-64-1, brand Acros, product number 177170010;

[0041] Acetic acid CAS No: 64-19-7, brand Acros, product number 124040010;

[0042] Neutral protease CAS No: 9068-59-1, brand Innochem, product number B99905, specification 50u / mg;

[0043] Papain CAS No: 9001-73-4, brand Innochem, product number B99890, specification 800u / mg;

[0044] Bacillus subtilis brand: Huankai Microbiology, product number: 00711123;

[0045] Yeast brand: Bncc, item number: BNCC356356;

[0046] LB medium brand source leaf, product number R28105-500ml;

[0047] Anhydrous ethanol CAS No: 64-17-5, brand Innochem, product number G00004.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] This embodiment proposes a fermented feed for improving intestinal health, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of ZIF-8@Clove Basil Oil Nanoparticles, 30 parts of Porphyra Polysaccharide Active Traditional Chinese Medicine Composite Gel, 50 parts of Corn Flour, 50 parts of Soybean Meal Powder, 40 parts of Grass Powder, 2 parts of Bacillus Subtilis, 2 parts of Yeast, and 6 parts of Papain.

[0050] The ZIF-8@clove basil oil nanoparticles include the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of ZIF-8 carrier and 20 parts of clove basil oil.

[0051] The laver polysaccharide active traditional Chinese medicine composite gel comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of laver polysaccharide, 20 parts of chitosan, 8 parts of compound traditional Chinese medicine superfine powder and 5 parts of citric acid.

[0052] The raw materials of the compound Chinese medicine superfine powder include the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 20 parts of astragalus, and 20 parts of dandelion.

[0053] The preparation method of ZIF-8@clove basil oil nanoparticles specifically comprises the following steps:

[0054] a. Add 595 mg of zinc nitrate hexahydrate to 20 mL of 90% ethanol solution, stir to fully dissolve it, as liquid A, weigh 659 mg of 2-methylimidazole and add it to 20 mL of 90% ethanol solution, stir to fully dissolve it, as liquid B, slowly drip liquid A into liquid B while stirring, the stirring speed is 80 rpm, after the dropwise addition is completed, continue stirring for 30 min, then stand for 12 h, centrifuge, the centrifugal speed is 800 rpm, the centrifugal time is 10 min, and then wash the precipitate with anhydrous ethanol solution for 3 times, collect the white precipitate, and vacuum dry it at 80 ° C for 12 h. ZIF-8 can disintegrate in the gastrointestinal environment, so that the encapsulated substance is released. At the same time, the zinc ions released by the disintegration are not only one of the trace elements necessary for animal growth, but also can alleviate the oxidative damage of the intestine and improve the integrity of the intestinal barrier, so as to obtain the ZIF-8 carrier;

[0055] b. Add 200 mg of basil oil to 100 mL of 90% ethanol solution by mass, stir to dissolve it, basil oil can stimulate the secretion of digestive enzymes, increase gastrointestinal motility, promote animal feeding and digestion, and improve growth performance. Basil oil also has a significant antibacterial effect on Escherichia coli, reducing the risk of intestinal diseases such as diarrhea caused by excessive Escherichia coli. Then add the ZIF-8 carrier described in step a, place it at room temperature for ultrasonic vibration for 10 min, then magnetically stir for 3 h, the mass ratio of basil oil to ZIF-8 carrier is 1:1, which can not only achieve the encapsulation of basil oil well, but also can The structural integrity of the ZIF-8 carrier is maintained, and then the mixed solution is centrifuged at high speed, with a centrifugal speed of 20,000 rpm and a centrifugal time of 15 min. The precipitate is collected and washed three times with anhydrous ethanol, dried in a vacuum at 80°C for 48 h, and ground. The clove basil oil is encapsulated inside the ZIF-8 carrier, which enhances the storage stability of the clove basil oil and is beneficial for it to enter the gastrointestinal tract and improve intestinal health. This encapsulation form can form a distinction and isolation from the fermented feed, reduce the adverse effects on the microorganisms in the fermented feed, and is beneficial for maintaining the activity of the microorganisms in the fermented feed, thereby obtaining ZIF-8@clove basil oil nanoparticles.

[0056] The preparation method of laver polysaccharide active traditional Chinese medicine composite gel specifically comprises the following steps:

[0057] (1) The naturally air-dried laver was crushed, 5 g of laver powder was weighed, and it was soaked in a 95% ethanol solution overnight. The filter residue was freeze-dried, and the freeze-dried powder was added with 300 mL of distilled water. Microwave extraction was performed under pH 7.5. During the microwave extraction, the microwave power was 600 W and the extraction time was 90 s. The extraction rate of polysaccharides extracted by microwave extraction was higher than that of traditional ultrasonic-assisted extraction, and the obtained polysaccharides had better antioxidant activity, which played an important role in protecting intestinal health and reducing intestinal damage. The appropriate pH value was conducive to the maintenance of enzyme activity, the removal of protein and the purity of polysaccharides. The extraction was repeated twice, the extracts were combined, and the centrifugation speed was 5000 rpm and the centrifugation time was 10 min. The precipitate was removed, the supernatant was collected, and the supernatant was concentrated under reduced pressure. Anhydrous ethanol was added for repeated precipitation 3 times, and the precipitation was kept at 4°C overnight. The precipitate was centrifuged and collected. The precipitate was washed three times with anhydrous ethanol and acetone, dried, and the obtained crude polysaccharide was added to water to completely dissolve, and then 1 / 2 amount of neutral protease of the crude polysaccharide was added, stirred, and placed in a water bath at 50°C for 2 hours, and inactivated with boiling water for 5 minutes. The process was repeated several times until no absorption peak was found at 280nm, indicating that the protein had been removed. The precipitate was centrifuged at a speed of 5000rpm for 10 minutes, and the supernatant was concentrated under reduced pressure and dried. Porphyra polysaccharide can increase the activity of intestinal digestive enzymes, support intestinal health and ensure the delivery of nutrients, and improve the morphology of intestinal villi to a certain extent, which is beneficial to improving the absorption capacity of the intestine. Porphyra polysaccharide, as a carbon source for intestinal flora, can increase the richness and diversity of intestinal flora, and maintain the balance of intestinal microecology by promoting the growth of beneficial flora and inhibiting the reproduction of harmful flora, thereby obtaining Porphyra polysaccharide.

[0058] (2) Codonopsis pilosula, Astragalus membranaceus and Taraxacum officinale are mixed and dried in an oven at 65°C, first crushed and sieved by a common grinder with a mesh size of 100 mesh, and then ultrafinely crushed and sieved with a mesh size of 500 mesh. Traditional Chinese medicine contains a variety of bioactive substances such as polysaccharides and flavonoids, as well as a variety of nutrients such as proteins, amino acids, and vitamins. It has multiple pharmaceutical values ​​such as improving animal immunity, promoting animal growth, and adjusting the structure of its intestinal microbial flora. Under the application of ultrafine grinding technology, the dense cytoplasmic structure of traditional Chinese medicine is effectively changed, so that the effective ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine are better released, and the bioavailability and utilization rate of the effective ingredients in the animal intestine are improved, thereby obtaining a compound traditional Chinese medicine ultrafine powder;

[0059] (3) 2 g chitosan was added to N 2Disperse in 50 mL of 3% acetic acid solution under atmosphere for standby use. Chitosan can adsorb and wrap pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli to prevent them from adhering to the intestinal wall and multiplying. At the same time, it promotes the growth of beneficial bacteria such as lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria, and optimizes the intestinal environment. Dissolve the laver polysaccharide described in step (1) in 50 mL of pure water and stir to completely dissolve it. The mass fraction of laver polysaccharide in the aqueous solution is 5%. The addition of adhesive substances is beneficial to strengthening the intestinal barrier. Laver polysaccharide can cross-link with chitosan to form a gel network structure, which provides a basic framework for further optimization of the gel. The laver polysaccharide solution and the chitosan solution are mixed. The mixture was mixed evenly, and then the superfine powder of the compound Chinese medicine described in step (2) was added. The mixture was stirred and citric acid was added. Citric acid can act as a cross-linking agent and can also increase the acidity of the gastrointestinal tract and the activity of digestive enzymes, thereby helping to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli and reduce the incidence of diarrhea. It can also improve the intestinal environment, maintain the balance of the flora, and help prevent digestive disorders. The pH was adjusted to 6.0, the cross-linking temperature was 55°C, the cross-linking time was 4h, ultrasonic homogenization was performed, the ultrasonic temperature was 40°C, the ultrasonic frequency was 40KHz, the ultrasonic power was 800W, the ultrasonic time was 10min, and freeze-drying was performed to obtain the laver polysaccharide active Chinese medicine composite gel.

[0060] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a fermented feed for improving intestinal health, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0061] S1. 2 g of Bacillus subtilis and 2 g of yeast were inoculated into LB medium for activation. After culturing at 37 °C for 2 days, the number of viable bacteria in the bacterial suspension was 3 × 10 9 CFU / mL, add 5 times amount of pure water to corn flour, soybean meal and grass meal, mix well, sterilize at 120℃, add 1% inoculum of Bacillus subtilis suspension, 1% yeast suspension and 6g papain after cooling to room temperature, perform anaerobic fermentation at 36℃ for 72h, freeze-dry, and use mixed bacteria and papain to synergistically ferment feed, which has a better taste, provides better nutritional balance and digestion process, and helps to maintain the stability of normal intestinal structure. The fermentation product can increase the number of lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria in the intestine, thereby producing a large amount of lactic acid and acetic acid, promoting the growth of intestinal villi, expanding the absorption area of ​​the small intestine, and helping to enhance intestinal function, thus obtaining fermented feed;

[0062] S2, add laver polysaccharide active Chinese medicine composite gel to 20 times the amount of water, stir evenly, then add ZIF-8@clove basil oil nanoparticles, and stir magnetically. During the magnetic stirring process, the stirring speed is 6000rpm and the stirring time is 4h. The magnetic stirring embeds the ZIF-8@clove basil oil nanoparticles into the composite gel network structure, increases the flexibility of the ZIF-8 metal framework carrier, and reduces the aggregation of nanoparticles. At the same time, the addition of nanoparticles also improves the mechanical strength of the gel, enhances the adsorption performance, and forms a membrane material with high specific surface area and high durability. Continue to add step The fermented feed described in step S1 is homogenized with a homogenization pressure of 800 bar and a homogenization time of 5 min, and then freeze-dried. The compound of ZIF-8@Clove basil oil nanoparticles and laver polysaccharide active Chinese medicine composite gel forms a wrapping protection for the fermented feed, enhances the stability of microorganisms in the feed, reduces the adverse effects of the external environment on its activity, and is beneficial to maintaining the quality of the fermented feed. The membrane material can effectively adsorb harmful substances such as bacterial toxins and excessive Escherichia coli, reducing the adverse effects on the digestive tract, thereby reducing the risk of diarrhea and obtaining a fermented feed with improved intestinal health.

[0063] In this example, the prepared ZIF-8@Clove Basil Oil Nanoparticles and fermented feed for improving intestinal health were subjected to scanning electron microscopy to observe their microscopic morphology. Figure 1 This is a 20,000-fold magnified SEM image of the ZIF-8@clove basil oil nanoparticles prepared in Example 1. Figure 2 This is a SEM image of the fermented feed for improving intestinal health prepared in Example 1, magnified 400 times. Figure 1 The ZIF-8@Clove Basil Oil nanoparticles prepared in this example are irregularly spherical. Figure 2 The surface of the fermented feed for improving intestinal health prepared in this embodiment is a gel structure embedded with nanoparticles.

[0064] Example 2

[0065] This embodiment proposes a fermented feed for improving intestinal health, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of ZIF-8@clove basil oil nanoparticles, 20 parts of laver polysaccharide active Chinese medicine composite gel, 30 parts of corn flour, 30 parts of soybean meal powder, 30 parts of grass powder, 1 part of Bacillus subtilis, 1 part of yeast, and 4 parts of papain.

[0066] The ZIF-8@clove basil oil nanoparticles include the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of ZIF-8 carrier and 15 parts of clove basil oil.

[0067] The laver polysaccharide active traditional Chinese medicine composite gel comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of laver polysaccharide, 10 parts of chitosan, 5 parts of compound traditional Chinese medicine superfine powder and 3 parts of citric acid.

[0068] The raw materials of the compound Chinese medicine ultrafine powder include the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 10 parts of astragalus, and 10 parts of dandelion.

[0069] The preparation method of ZIF-8@clove basil oil nanoparticles specifically comprises the following steps:

[0070] a. Add 595 mg of zinc nitrate hexahydrate to 20 mL of 90% ethanol solution, stir to fully dissolve it, as liquid A, weigh 659 mg of 2-methylimidazole and add it to 20 mL of 90% ethanol solution, stir to fully dissolve it, as liquid B, slowly drip liquid A into liquid B while stirring, the stirring speed is 60 rpm, after the dropwise addition is completed, continue stirring for 20 min, then stand for 8 h, centrifuge, the centrifugal speed is 600 rpm, the centrifugal time is 5 min, and then wash the precipitate twice with anhydrous ethanol solution, collect the white precipitate, and vacuum dry it at 60 ° C for 8 h. ZIF-8 can disintegrate in the gastrointestinal environment, so that the encapsulated substance is released. At the same time, the zinc ions released by the disintegration are not only one of the trace elements necessary for animal growth, but also can alleviate the oxidative damage of the intestine and improve the integrity of the intestinal barrier, so as to obtain the ZIF-8 carrier;

[0071] b. Add 150 mg of basil oil to 100 mL of 90% ethanol solution by mass, stir to dissolve it, basil oil can stimulate the secretion of digestive enzymes, increase gastrointestinal motility, promote animal feeding and digestion, and improve growth performance. Basil oil also has a significant antibacterial effect on Escherichia coli, reducing the risk of intestinal diseases such as diarrhea caused by excessive Escherichia coli. Then add the ZIF-8 carrier described in step a, place it at room temperature for ultrasonic vibration for 5 min, then magnetically stir for 2 h, the mass ratio of basil oil to ZIF-8 carrier is 1:1, which can not only achieve the encapsulation of basil oil well, but also can The structural integrity of the ZIF-8 carrier is maintained, and then the mixed solution is centrifuged at high speed, with a centrifugal speed of 10,000 rpm and a centrifugal time of 10 min. The precipitate is collected and washed twice with anhydrous ethanol, dried in a vacuum at 60°C for 24 h, and ground. The clove basil oil is encapsulated inside the ZIF-8 carrier, which enhances the storage stability of the clove basil oil and is beneficial for it to enter the gastrointestinal tract and improve intestinal health. This encapsulation form can form a distinction and isolation from the fermented feed, reduce the adverse effects on the microorganisms in the fermented feed, and is beneficial for maintaining the activity of the microorganisms in the fermented feed, thereby obtaining ZIF-8@clove basil oil nanoparticles.

[0072] The preparation method of laver polysaccharide active traditional Chinese medicine composite gel specifically comprises the following steps:

[0073] (1) The naturally air-dried laver was crushed, 4 g of laver powder was weighed, and it was soaked in a 95% ethanol solution overnight. The filter residue was freeze-dried, and the freeze-dried powder was added with 250 mL of distilled water. Microwave extraction was performed under pH 7.0. During the microwave extraction, the microwave power was 400 W and the extraction time was 50 s. The extraction rate of polysaccharides extracted by microwave extraction was higher than that of traditional ultrasonic-assisted extraction, and the obtained polysaccharides had better antioxidant activity, which played an important role in protecting intestinal health and reducing intestinal damage. The appropriate pH value was conducive to the maintenance of enzyme activity, the removal of protein and the purity of polysaccharides. The extraction was repeated twice, the extracts were combined, and the centrifugation speed was 4000 rpm and the centrifugation time was 5 min. The precipitate was removed, the supernatant was collected, and the supernatant was concentrated under reduced pressure. Anhydrous ethanol was added for repeated precipitation twice, and the precipitation was kept at 4°C overnight. The precipitate was centrifuged and collected. The precipitate was washed twice with anhydrous ethanol and acetone, dried, and the obtained crude polysaccharide was added to water to completely dissolve, and then 1 / 2 amount of neutral protease of the crude polysaccharide was added, stirred, and placed in a water bath at 40°C for 1 hour, and inactivated with boiling water for 3 minutes. The process was repeated several times until no absorption peak was found at 280 nm, indicating that the protein had been removed. The precipitate was centrifuged at a speed of 4000 rpm for 5 minutes, and the supernatant was concentrated under reduced pressure and dried. Porphyra polysaccharide can increase the activity of intestinal digestive enzymes, support intestinal health and ensure the delivery of nutrients, and improve the morphology of intestinal villi to a certain extent, which is beneficial to improving the absorption capacity of the intestine. Porphyra polysaccharide, as a carbon source for intestinal flora, can increase the richness and diversity of intestinal flora, and maintain the balance of intestinal microecology by promoting the growth of beneficial flora and inhibiting the reproduction of harmful flora, thereby obtaining Porphyra polysaccharide.

[0074] (2) Codonopsis pilosula, Astragalus membranaceus and Taraxacum officinale are mixed and dried in an oven at 55°C, first crushed and sieved by an ordinary grinder with a mesh size of 80 meshes, and then ultrafinely crushed and sieved with a mesh size of 300 meshes. Traditional Chinese medicine contains a variety of bioactive substances such as polysaccharides and flavonoids, as well as a variety of nutrients such as proteins, amino acids, and vitamins. It has multiple pharmaceutical values ​​such as improving animal immunity, promoting animal growth, and adjusting the structure of its intestinal microbial flora. Under the application of ultrafine grinding technology, the dense cytoplasmic structure of traditional Chinese medicine is effectively changed, so that the effective ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine are better released, and the bioavailability and utilization rate of the effective ingredients in the animal intestine are improved, thereby obtaining a compound traditional Chinese medicine ultrafine powder;

[0075] (3) 1g chitosan was added to N 2Disperse in 50mL of 3% acetic acid solution under atmosphere for standby use. Chitosan can adsorb and wrap pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli to prevent them from adhering to the intestinal wall and multiplying. At the same time, it promotes the growth of beneficial bacteria such as lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria, and optimizes the intestinal environment. Dissolve the laver polysaccharide described in step (1) in 50mL of pure water and stir to completely dissolve it. The mass fraction of laver polysaccharide in the aqueous solution is 3%. The addition of adhesive substances is beneficial to strengthening the intestinal barrier. Laver polysaccharide can cross-link with chitosan to form a gel network structure, which provides a basic framework for further optimization of the gel. The laver polysaccharide solution and the chitosan solution are mixed together. The liquid is mixed evenly, and then the superfine powder of the compound Chinese medicine described in step (2) is added, stirred, and citric acid is continued to be added. Citric acid can not only act as a cross-linking agent, but also increase the acidity of the gastrointestinal tract and the activity of digestive enzymes, which helps to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli and reduce the incidence of diarrhea. It can also improve the intestinal environment, maintain the balance of flora, and help prevent digestive disorders. The pH is adjusted to 5.0, the cross-linking temperature is 45°C, the cross-linking time is 3h, ultrasonic homogenization is performed, the ultrasonic temperature is 20°C, the ultrasonic frequency is 30KHz, the ultrasonic power is 600W, the ultrasonic time is 5min, and freeze-drying is performed to obtain the laver polysaccharide active Chinese medicine composite gel.

[0076] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a fermented feed for improving intestinal health, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0077] S1. 1 g of Bacillus subtilis and 1 g of yeast were inoculated into LB medium for activation. After culturing at 37 °C for 1 day, the number of viable bacteria in the bacterial suspension was 3 × 10 9 CFU / mL, add 4 times amount of pure water to corn flour, soybean meal and grass meal, mix well, sterilize at 120℃, add 1% inoculum of Bacillus subtilis suspension, 1% yeast suspension and 4g papain after cooling to room temperature, perform anaerobic fermentation at 35℃ for 72h, freeze-dry, and use mixed bacteria and papain to synergistically ferment feed, which has a better taste, provides better nutritional balance and digestion process, and helps to maintain the stability of normal intestinal structure. The fermentation products can increase the number of lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria in the intestine, thereby producing a large amount of lactic acid and acetic acid, promoting the growth of intestinal villi, expanding the absorption area of ​​the small intestine, and helping to enhance intestinal function, thus obtaining fermented feed;

[0078] S2, add laver polysaccharide active Chinese medicine composite gel to 10 times the amount of water, stir evenly, then add ZIF-8@clove basil oil nanoparticles, and stir magnetically. During the magnetic stirring process, the stirring speed is 5000rpm and the stirring time is 3h. The magnetic stirring embeds the ZIF-8@clove basil oil nanoparticles into the composite gel network structure, increases the flexibility of the ZIF-8 metal framework carrier, and reduces the aggregation of nanoparticles. At the same time, the addition of nanoparticles also improves the mechanical strength of the gel, enhances the adsorption performance, and forms a membrane material with high specific surface area and high durability. Continue to add step The fermented feed described in step S1 is homogenized with a homogenization pressure of 600 bar and a homogenization time of 3 minutes, and then freeze-dried. The compound of ZIF-8@Clove basil oil nanoparticles and laver polysaccharide active Chinese medicine composite gel forms a wrapping protection for the fermented feed, enhances the stability of microorganisms in the feed, reduces the adverse effects of the external environment on its activity, and is beneficial to maintaining the quality of the fermented feed. The membrane material can effectively adsorb harmful substances such as bacterial toxins and excessive Escherichia coli, reducing the adverse effects on the digestive tract, thereby reducing the risk of diarrhea and obtaining a fermented feed that improves intestinal health.

[0079] Example 3

[0080] This embodiment proposes a fermented feed for improving intestinal health, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 35 parts of ZIF-8@Clove Basil Oil Nanoparticles, 25 parts of Porphyra Polysaccharide Active Traditional Chinese Medicine Composite Gel, 40 parts of Corn Flour, 40 parts of Soybean Meal Powder, 35 parts of Grass Powder, 1.5 parts of Bacillus Subtilis, 1.5 parts of Yeast, and 5 parts of Papain.

[0081] The ZIF-8@clove basil oil nanoparticles include the following components in parts by weight: 17.5 parts of ZIF-8 carrier and 17.5 parts of clove basil oil.

[0082] The laver polysaccharide active traditional Chinese medicine composite gel comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of laver polysaccharide, 15 parts of chitosan, 6.5 parts of compound traditional Chinese medicine superfine powder and 4 parts of citric acid.

[0083] The raw materials of the compound Chinese medicine superfine powder include the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 15 parts of astragalus, and 15 parts of dandelion.

[0084] The preparation method of ZIF-8@clove basil oil nanoparticles specifically comprises the following steps:

[0085] a. Add 595 mg of zinc nitrate hexahydrate to 20 mL of 90% ethanol solution, stir to fully dissolve it, as liquid A, weigh 659 mg of 2-methylimidazole and add it to 20 mL of 90% ethanol solution, stir to fully dissolve it, as liquid B, slowly drip liquid A into liquid B while stirring, the stirring speed is 70 rpm, after the dropwise addition is completed, continue stirring for 25 min, then stand for 10 h, centrifuge, the centrifugal speed is 700 rpm, the centrifugal time is 7.5 min, and then wash the precipitate twice with anhydrous ethanol solution, collect the white precipitate, and vacuum dry it at 70 ° C for 10 h. ZIF-8 can disintegrate in the gastrointestinal environment, so that the encapsulated substance is released. At the same time, the zinc ions released by the disintegration are not only one of the trace elements necessary for animal growth, but also can alleviate the oxidative damage of the intestine and improve the integrity of the intestinal barrier, so as to obtain the ZIF-8 carrier;

[0086] b. Add 175 mg of basil oil to 100 mL of 90% ethanol solution by mass, stir to dissolve it, basil oil can stimulate the secretion of digestive enzymes, increase gastrointestinal motility, promote animal feeding and digestion, and improve growth performance. Basil oil also has a significant antibacterial effect on Escherichia coli, reducing the risk of intestinal diseases such as diarrhea caused by excessive Escherichia coli. Then add the ZIF-8 carrier described in step a, place it at room temperature for ultrasonic vibration for 7.5 min, then magnetically stir for 2.5 h, the mass ratio of basil oil to ZIF-8 carrier is 1:1, which can not only achieve the encapsulation of basil oil well, but also can In order to maintain the structural integrity of the ZIF-8 carrier, the mixed solution was then centrifuged at high speed at 15,000 rpm for 12.5 min. The precipitate was collected and washed twice with anhydrous ethanol, dried in a vacuum at 70°C for 36 h, and ground. The clove basil oil was encapsulated inside the ZIF-8 carrier, which enhanced the storage stability of the clove basil oil and facilitated its entry into the gastrointestinal tract to improve intestinal health. This encapsulation form can form a distinction and isolation from the fermented feed, reduce the adverse effects on the microorganisms in the fermented feed, and help maintain the activity of the microorganisms in the fermented feed, thus obtaining ZIF-8@clove basil oil nanoparticles.

[0087] The preparation method of laver polysaccharide active traditional Chinese medicine composite gel specifically comprises the following steps:

[0088] (1) The naturally air-dried laver was crushed, 4.5 g of laver powder was weighed, and it was soaked in a 95% ethanol solution overnight. The filter residue was freeze-dried, and the freeze-dried powder was added with 275 mL of distilled water. Microwave extraction was performed under pH 7.3. During the microwave extraction, the microwave power was 500 W and the extraction time was 70 s. The extraction rate of polysaccharides extracted by microwave extraction was higher than that of traditional ultrasound-assisted extraction, and the obtained polysaccharides had better antioxidant activity, which played an important role in protecting intestinal health and reducing intestinal damage. The appropriate pH value was conducive to the maintenance of enzyme activity, the removal of protein and the purity of polysaccharides. The extraction was repeated twice, the extracts were combined, and centrifuged at a speed of 4500 rpm for 7.5 min. The precipitate was removed, the supernatant was collected, and the supernatant was concentrated under reduced pressure. Anhydrous ethanol was added for repeated precipitation twice, and the precipitation was kept at 4°C overnight. The precipitate was centrifuged and collected. The precipitate was washed twice with anhydrous ethanol and acetone, dried, and the obtained crude polysaccharide was added to water to completely dissolve, and then 1 / 2 amount of neutral protease of the crude polysaccharide was added, stirred, and placed in a water bath at 45°C for 1.5 hours, and inactivated with boiling water for 4 minutes. This was repeated several times until no absorption peak was found at 280nm, indicating that the protein had been removed. The precipitate was centrifuged at a speed of 4500rpm for 7.5 minutes, and the supernatant was concentrated under reduced pressure and dried. Porphyra polysaccharide can increase the activity of intestinal digestive enzymes, support intestinal health and ensure the delivery of nutrients, and improve the morphology of intestinal villi to a certain extent, which is beneficial to improving the absorption capacity of the intestine. Porphyra polysaccharide, as a carbon source for intestinal flora, can increase the richness and diversity of intestinal flora, and maintain the balance of intestinal microecology by promoting the growth of beneficial flora and inhibiting the reproduction of harmful flora, thereby obtaining Porphyra polysaccharide.

[0089] (2) Codonopsis pilosula, Astragalus membranaceus and Taraxacum officinale are mixed and dried in an oven at 60°C, first crushed and sieved by an ordinary grinder with a mesh size of 90 meshes, and then ultrafinely crushed and sieved with a mesh size of 400 meshes. Traditional Chinese medicine contains a variety of bioactive substances such as polysaccharides and flavonoids, as well as a variety of nutrients such as proteins, amino acids, and vitamins. It has multiple pharmaceutical values ​​such as improving animal immunity, promoting animal growth, and adjusting the structure of its intestinal microbial flora. Under the application of ultrafine grinding technology, the dense cytoplasmic structure of traditional Chinese medicine is effectively changed, so that the effective ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine are better released, and the bioavailability and utilization rate of the effective ingredients in the animal intestine are improved, thereby obtaining a compound traditional Chinese medicine ultrafine powder;

[0090] (3) 1.5 g chitosan was added to N 2Disperse in 50 mL of 3% acetic acid solution under atmosphere for standby use. Chitosan can adsorb and wrap pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli to prevent them from adhering to the intestinal wall and multiplying. At the same time, it promotes the growth of beneficial bacteria such as lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria, and optimizes the intestinal environment. Dissolve the laver polysaccharide described in step (1) in 50 mL of pure water and stir to completely dissolve it. The mass fraction of laver polysaccharide in the aqueous solution is 4%. The addition of adhesive substances is beneficial to strengthening the intestinal barrier. Laver polysaccharide can cross-link with chitosan to form a gel network structure, which provides a basic framework for further optimization of the gel. Mix the laver polysaccharide solution and the chitosan solution. The mixture was mixed evenly, and then the superfine powder of the compound Chinese medicine described in step (2) was added, stirred, and citric acid was added continuously. Citric acid can act as a cross-linking agent and can also increase the acidity of the gastrointestinal tract and the activity of digestive enzymes, thereby helping to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli and reduce the incidence of diarrhea. It can also improve the intestinal environment, maintain the balance of the flora, and help prevent digestive disorders. The pH was adjusted to 5.5, the cross-linking temperature was 50°C, the cross-linking time was 3.5h, ultrasonic homogenization was performed, the ultrasonic temperature was 30°C, the ultrasonic frequency was 35KHz, the ultrasonic power was 700W, the ultrasonic time was 7.5min, and freeze-drying was performed to obtain the laver polysaccharide active Chinese medicine composite gel.

[0091] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a fermented feed for improving intestinal health, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0092] S1. 1.5 g of Bacillus subtilis and 1.5 g of yeast were inoculated into LB medium for activation. After culturing at 37 °C in a shaking incubator for 1.5 days, the number of viable bacteria in the bacterial suspension was 3 × 10 9 CFU / mL, add 4.5 times amount of pure water to corn flour, soybean meal and grass meal, mix well, sterilize at 120℃, add 1% inoculum of Bacillus subtilis suspension, 1% yeast suspension and 5g papain after cooling to room temperature, perform anaerobic fermentation at 35.5℃ for 72h, freeze-dry, and use mixed bacteria and papain to synergistically ferment feed, which has a better taste, provides better nutritional balance and digestion process, and helps to maintain the stability of normal intestinal structure. The fermentation products can increase the number of lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria in the intestine, thereby producing a large amount of lactic acid and acetic acid, promoting the growth of intestinal villi, expanding the absorption area of ​​the small intestine, and helping to enhance intestinal function, thus obtaining fermented feed;

[0093] S2. Add 15 times the amount of water to the laver polysaccharide active Chinese medicine composite gel, stir evenly, then add ZIF-8@clove basil oil nanoparticles, and stir magnetically. During the magnetic stirring process, the stirring speed is 5500rpm and the stirring time is 3.5h. The magnetic stirring embeds the ZIF-8@clove basil oil nanoparticles into the composite gel network structure, which increases the flexibility of the ZIF-8 metal framework carrier and reduces the aggregation of nanoparticles. At the same time, the addition of nanoparticles also improves the mechanical strength of the gel, enhances the adsorption performance, and forms a membrane material with high specific surface area and high durability. Continue to add The fermented feed described in step S1 is homogenized with a homogenization pressure of 700 bar and a homogenization time of 4 minutes, and then freeze-dried. The compound of ZIF-8@Clove basil oil nanoparticles and laver polysaccharide active Chinese medicine composite gel forms a wrapping protection for the fermented feed, enhances the stability of microorganisms in the feed, reduces the adverse effects of the external environment on its activity, and is beneficial to maintaining the quality of the fermented feed. The membrane material can effectively adsorb harmful substances such as bacterial toxins and excessive Escherichia coli, reducing the adverse effects on the digestive tract, thereby reducing the risk of diarrhea and obtaining a fermented feed with improved intestinal health.

[0094] Example 4

[0095] This embodiment proposes a fermented feed for improving intestinal health, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of ZIF-8@clove basil oil nanoparticles, 20 parts of laver polysaccharide active Chinese medicine composite gel, 50 parts of corn flour, 50 parts of soybean meal powder, 40 parts of grass powder, 2 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 2 parts of yeast, and 4 parts of papain.

[0096] The ZIF-8@clove basil oil nanoparticles include the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of ZIF-8 carrier and 20 parts of clove basil oil.

[0097] The laver polysaccharide active traditional Chinese medicine composite gel comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of laver polysaccharide, 20 parts of chitosan, 8 parts of compound traditional Chinese medicine superfine powder and 5 parts of citric acid.

[0098] The raw materials of the compound Chinese medicine superfine powder include the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 20 parts of astragalus, and 20 parts of dandelion.

[0099] The preparation method of ZIF-8@clove basil oil nanoparticles specifically comprises the following steps:

[0100] a. Add 595 mg of zinc nitrate hexahydrate to 20 mL of 90% ethanol solution, stir to fully dissolve it, as liquid A, weigh 659 mg of 2-methylimidazole and add it to 20 mL of 90% ethanol solution, stir to fully dissolve it, as liquid B, slowly drip liquid A into liquid B while stirring, the stirring speed is 80 rpm, after the dropwise addition is completed, continue stirring for 20 min, then stand for 8 h, centrifuge, the centrifugal speed is 800 rpm, the centrifugal time is 5 min, and then wash the precipitate 3 times with anhydrous ethanol solution, collect the white precipitate, and vacuum dry it at 80 ° C for 8 h. ZIF-8 can disintegrate in the gastrointestinal environment, so that the encapsulated substance is released. At the same time, the zinc ions released by the disintegration are not only one of the trace elements necessary for animal growth, but also can alleviate the oxidative damage of the intestine and improve the integrity of the intestinal barrier, so as to obtain the ZIF-8 carrier;

[0101] b. Add 200 mg of basil oil to 100 mL of 90% ethanol solution by mass, stir to dissolve it, basil oil can stimulate the secretion of digestive enzymes, increase gastrointestinal motility, promote animal feeding and digestion, and improve growth performance. Basil oil also has a significant antibacterial effect on Escherichia coli, reducing the risk of intestinal diseases such as diarrhea caused by excessive Escherichia coli. Then add the ZIF-8 carrier described in step a, place it at room temperature for ultrasonic vibration for 5 min, then magnetically stir for 2 h, the mass ratio of basil oil to ZIF-8 carrier is 1:1, which can not only achieve the encapsulation of basil oil well, but also can The structural integrity of the ZIF-8 carrier is maintained, and then the mixed solution is centrifuged at high speed, with a centrifugal speed of 20,000 rpm and a centrifugal time of 10 min. The precipitate is collected and washed three times with anhydrous ethanol, dried in a vacuum at 80°C for 24 h, and ground. The clove basil oil is encapsulated inside the ZIF-8 carrier, which enhances the storage stability of the clove basil oil and is beneficial for it to enter the gastrointestinal tract and improve intestinal health. This encapsulation form can form a distinction and isolation from the fermented feed, reduce the adverse effects on the microorganisms in the fermented feed, and is beneficial for maintaining the activity of the microorganisms in the fermented feed, thereby obtaining ZIF-8@clove basil oil nanoparticles.

[0102] The preparation method of laver polysaccharide active traditional Chinese medicine composite gel specifically comprises the following steps:

[0103] (1) The naturally air-dried laver was crushed, 4 g of laver powder was weighed, and it was soaked in a 95% ethanol solution overnight. The filter residue was freeze-dried, and the freeze-dried powder was added with 300 mL of distilled water. Microwave extraction was performed under pH 7.5. During the microwave extraction, the microwave power was 600 W and the extraction time was 50 s. The extraction rate of polysaccharides extracted by microwave extraction was higher than that of traditional ultrasonic-assisted extraction, and the obtained polysaccharides had better antioxidant activity, which played an important role in protecting intestinal health and reducing intestinal damage. The appropriate pH value was conducive to the maintenance of enzyme activity, the removal of protein and the purity of polysaccharides. The extraction was repeated twice, the extracts were combined, and the centrifugation speed was 5000 rpm and the centrifugation time was 5 min. The precipitate was removed, the supernatant was collected, and the supernatant was concentrated under reduced pressure. Anhydrous ethanol was added for repeated precipitation 3 times, and the precipitation was kept at 4°C overnight. The precipitate was centrifuged and collected. The precipitate was washed three times with anhydrous ethanol and acetone, dried, and the obtained crude polysaccharide was added to water to completely dissolve, and then 1 / 2 amount of neutral protease of the crude polysaccharide was added, stirred, and placed in a water bath at 50°C for 1 hour, and inactivated with boiling water for 3 minutes. The process was repeated several times until no absorption peak was found at 280 nm, indicating that the protein had been removed. The precipitate was centrifuged at a speed of 5000 rpm for 5 minutes, and the supernatant was concentrated under reduced pressure and dried. Porphyra polysaccharide can increase the activity of intestinal digestive enzymes, support intestinal health and ensure the delivery of nutrients, and improve the morphology of intestinal villi to a certain extent, which is beneficial to improving the absorption capacity of the intestine. Porphyra polysaccharide, as a carbon source for intestinal flora, can increase the richness and diversity of intestinal flora, and maintain the balance of intestinal microecology by promoting the growth of beneficial flora and inhibiting the reproduction of harmful flora, thereby obtaining Porphyra polysaccharide.

[0104] (2) Codonopsis pilosula, Astragalus membranaceus and Taraxacum officinale are mixed and dried in an oven at 65°C, first crushed and sieved by a common grinder with a mesh size of 100 mesh, and then ultrafinely crushed and sieved with a mesh size of 500 mesh. Traditional Chinese medicine contains a variety of bioactive substances such as polysaccharides and flavonoids, as well as a variety of nutrients such as proteins, amino acids, and vitamins. It has multiple pharmaceutical values ​​such as improving animal immunity, promoting animal growth, and adjusting the structure of its intestinal microbial flora. Under the application of ultrafine grinding technology, the dense cytoplasmic structure of traditional Chinese medicine is effectively changed, so that the effective ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine are better released, and the bioavailability and utilization rate of the effective ingredients in the animal intestine are improved, thereby obtaining a compound traditional Chinese medicine ultrafine powder;

[0105] (3) 2 g chitosan was added to N 2Disperse in 50mL of 3% acetic acid solution under atmosphere for standby use. Chitosan can adsorb and wrap pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli to prevent them from adhering to the intestinal wall and multiplying. At the same time, it promotes the growth of beneficial bacteria such as lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria, and optimizes the intestinal environment. Dissolve the laver polysaccharide described in step (1) in 50mL of pure water and stir to completely dissolve it. The mass fraction of laver polysaccharide in the aqueous solution is 3%. The addition of adhesive substances is beneficial to strengthening the intestinal barrier. Laver polysaccharide can cross-link with chitosan to form a gel network structure, which provides a basic framework for further optimization of the gel. The laver polysaccharide solution and the chitosan solution are mixed together. The liquid is mixed evenly, and then the superfine powder of the compound Chinese medicine described in step (2) is added, stirred, and citric acid is continued to be added. Citric acid can not only act as a cross-linking agent, but also increase the acidity of the gastrointestinal tract and the activity of digestive enzymes, which helps to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli and reduce the incidence of diarrhea. It can also improve the intestinal environment, maintain the balance of flora, and help prevent digestive disorders. The pH is adjusted to 6.0, the cross-linking temperature is 55°C, the cross-linking time is 3h, ultrasonic homogenization is performed, the ultrasonic temperature is 40°C, the ultrasonic frequency is 40KHz, the ultrasonic power is 800W, the ultrasonic time is 5min, and freeze-drying is performed to obtain the laver polysaccharide active Chinese medicine composite gel.

[0106] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a fermented feed for improving intestinal health, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0107] S1. 2 g of Bacillus subtilis and 2 g of yeast were inoculated into LB medium for activation. After culturing at 37 °C for 1 day, the number of viable bacteria in the bacterial suspension was 3 × 10 9 CFU / mL, add 5 times amount of pure water to corn flour, soybean meal and grass meal, mix well, sterilize at 120℃, add 1% inoculum of Bacillus subtilis suspension, 1% yeast suspension and 4g papain after cooling to room temperature, perform anaerobic fermentation at 36℃ for 72h, freeze-dry, and use mixed bacteria and papain to synergistically ferment feed, which has a better taste, provides better nutritional balance and digestion process, and helps to maintain the stability of normal intestinal structure. The fermentation product can increase the number of lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria in the intestine, thereby producing a large amount of lactic acid and acetic acid, promoting the growth of intestinal villi, expanding the absorption area of ​​the small intestine, and helping to enhance intestinal function, thus obtaining fermented feed;

[0108] S2, add laver polysaccharide active Chinese medicine composite gel to 20 times the amount of water, stir evenly, then add ZIF-8@clove basil oil nanoparticles, and stir magnetically. During the magnetic stirring process, the stirring speed is 6000rpm and the stirring time is 3h. The magnetic stirring embeds the ZIF-8@clove basil oil nanoparticles into the network structure of the composite gel, increases the flexibility of the ZIF-8 metal framework carrier, and reduces the aggregation of nanoparticles. At the same time, the addition of nanoparticles also improves the mechanical strength of the gel, enhances the adsorption performance, and forms a membrane material with high specific surface area and high durability. Continue to add step The fermented feed described in step S1 is homogenized with a homogenization pressure of 800 bar and a homogenization time of 3 minutes, and then freeze-dried. The compound of ZIF-8@Clove basil oil nanoparticles and laver polysaccharide active Chinese medicine composite gel forms a wrapping protection for the fermented feed, enhances the stability of microorganisms in the feed, reduces the adverse effects of the external environment on its activity, and is beneficial to maintaining the quality of the fermented feed. The membrane material can effectively adsorb harmful substances such as bacterial toxins and excessive Escherichia coli, reducing the adverse effects on the digestive tract, thereby reducing the risk of diarrhea and obtaining a fermented feed that improves intestinal health.

[0109] Comparative Example 1

[0110] This comparative example provides a fermented feed for improving intestinal health, which differs from Example 1 in that the fermented feed for improving intestinal health does not contain a ZIF-8 carrier; the preparation method of ZIF-8@clove basil oil nanoparticles does not include step a; the preparation method of laver polysaccharide active Chinese medicine composite gel is the same as that in Example 1; the preparation method of the fermented feed for improving intestinal health is the same as that in Example 1.

[0111] Comparative Example 2

[0112] This comparative example provides a fermented feed for improving intestinal health, which differs from Example 1 in that the fermented feed for improving intestinal health does not contain laver polysaccharide active Chinese medicine composite gel; the preparation method of ZIF-8@clove basil oil nanoparticles is the same as that in Example 1; the preparation method of the fermented feed for improving intestinal health is the same as that in Example 1.

[0113] Comparative Example 3

[0114] This comparative example provides a fermented feed for improving intestinal health, which is different from Example 1 in that the laver polysaccharide active Chinese medicine composite gel does not contain laver polysaccharide; the preparation method of ZIF-8@clove basil oil nanoparticles is the same as that of Example 1; the preparation method of the laver polysaccharide active Chinese medicine composite gel does not include step (1); and the preparation method of the fermented feed for improving intestinal health is the same as that of Example 1.

[0115] Experimental Example 1

[0116] Bacterial stability test

[0117] Test sample: the fermented feed for improving intestinal health prepared in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3.

[0118] Test method: Weigh 2g of test sample to determine the number of viable bacteria, place the sample in a constant temperature box at 37℃ for 15 days, take samples and make gradient dilutions with PBS buffer and determine the number of viable bacteria, calculate the bacterial survival rate. The higher the bacterial survival rate, the better the bacterial stability and the more stable the feed quality. The calculation formula of bacterial survival rate is as follows:

[0119] Bacterial survival rate (%) = number of live bacteria after test / number of live bacteria before test × 100%

[0120] Figure 3 It is a result graph of the survival rate of the bacteria of Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3; as shown in the figure, the survival rate of the bacteria of Examples 1-4 is 89.6-92.5%, indicating that the bacteria stability is strong and the fermented feed quality is good; the survival rate of the bacteria of Comparative Examples 1-3 is 73.5-82.1%, indicating that the bacteria stability is weak and the fermented feed quality is poor; the fermented feed for improving intestinal health of Comparative Example 1 does not contain ZIF-8 carrier, and clove basil oil cannot be encapsulated, thereby inhibiting the microorganisms in the fermented feed, and also weakening the mechanical strength of the active traditional Chinese medicine composite gel of laver polysaccharide, which is not conducive to enhancing the isolation of the fermented feed from the outside world, resulting in weak bacteria stability and fermented feed quality. Poor; the fermented feed for improving intestinal health in comparative example 2 does not contain laver polysaccharide active Chinese medicine composite gel, and cannot provide a basic network structure, which is not conducive to the uniform dispersion of ZIF-8@clove basil oil nanoparticles, weakens the isolation performance of the membrane material on the feed surface, increases the adverse effects of the external environment on microorganisms, resulting in weak bacterial stability and poor fermented feed quality; the laver polysaccharide active Chinese medicine composite gel in comparative example 3 does not contain laver polysaccharide, which is not conducive to improving the density and adhesion of the gel structure, weakens the composite effect with ZIF-8@clove basil oil nanoparticles, is not conducive to the protection of microbial activity, resulting in weak bacterial stability and poor fermented feed quality.

[0121] Experimental Example 2

[0122] Gut health experiment

[0123] Test sample: the fermented feed for improving intestinal health prepared in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3.

[0124] Test method: 35 nursery piglets with an initial weight of (9±0.2) kg and good health were selected and randomly divided into 7 groups, 5 piglets in each group. Before the experiment, the pens were cleaned and disinfected. During the experiment, the feeding and management conditions of the experimental piglets in each group, such as temperature and ventilation, were kept consistent. The test samples were added to the basic feed in a ratio of 7:3 for mixed feeding. The piglets were fed once at 7:00, 12:00 and 18:00 every day, and the feed was provided at 110% of the daily feed intake. The leftovers were collected before feeding the next day. The experimental piglets were free to drink water and the feces were cleaned by machine. The experiment lasted for 30 days. During the period, the diarrhea of ​​the experimental piglets was observed and counted, and the diarrhea rate was calculated according to the following formula. After the experiment, 2 piglets were randomly selected from each group for slaughter, and 3g of duodenum and colon contents were collected for Escherichia coli detection and the average value was calculated. The plate colony count method was used for Escherichia coli determination.

[0125] Diarrhea rate (%) = (number of diarrhea cases × number of days) / (number of experiments × number of experimental days) × 100%

[0126] Figure 4 The diarrhea rate and the number of E. coli of Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3 are shown in the figure. As shown in the figure, the diarrhea rate of Examples 1-4 and the number of E. coli in the duodenum and colon are 0-0.3% and 5.11-5.18 log respectively. 10 cfu / g, 5.30-5.37log 10 cfu / g, indicating a good intestinal health level; the diarrhea rate and the number of E. coli in the duodenum and colon of comparison samples 1-3 were 1.4-3.2% and 5.68-6.03log 10 cfu / g, 5.86-6.15log 10 cfu / g, indicating that the intestinal health level is poor; the fermented feed for improving intestinal health in comparative example 1 does not contain ZIF-8 carrier, which is not conducive to the stability of clove basil oil, and cannot exert the inhibitory effect of clove basil oil on Escherichia coli, increasing the occurrence of diarrhea, and does not contain zinc ions produced by ZIF-8 carrier, which is not conducive to enhancing the intestinal barrier function, resulting in poor intestinal health level; the fermented feed for improving intestinal health in comparative example 2 does not contain laver polysaccharide active Chinese medicine composite gel, cannot promote the growth of beneficial bacteria such as lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria, is not conducive to optimizing the intestinal environment, and cannot combine with ZIF-8@clove basil oil nanoparticles to adsorb pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli, resulting in poor intestinal health level; the laver polysaccharide active Chinese medicine composite gel in comparative example 3 does not contain laver polysaccharide, which weakens the density and adhesion of the gel structure, weakens the adsorption of harmful substances such as Escherichia coli and the intestinal barrier protection effect, resulting in poor intestinal health level.

[0127] Experimental Example 3

[0128] Growth performance experiment

[0129] Test sample: the fermented feed for improving intestinal health prepared in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3.

[0130] Test method: 35 nursery piglets with an initial weight of (9±0.2) kg and good health were selected and randomly divided into 7 groups, 5 piglets in each group. Before the start of the experiment, the pens were cleaned and disinfected. During the experiment, the feeding and management conditions such as temperature and ventilation of each group of experimental piglets were kept consistent. The test samples were added to the basic feed in a ratio of 7:3 for mixed feeding. The piglets were fed once at 7:00, 12:00 and 18:00 every day, and the feed was provided at 110% of the daily feed intake. The leftovers were collected before feeding the next day. The experimental piglets were free to drink water and the feces were cleaned by machine. The experiment lasted for a total of 30 days. The fattening of the experimental piglets was monitored on the 1st and 15th days. Before the morning feeding on the 30th day of the experiment, the experimental piglets were weighed and recorded one by one and the average value was calculated. Then the average daily feed intake, average daily weight gain and feed-to-weight ratio were calculated according to the following formula:

[0131] Average daily feed intake (ADFI): During the trial, the amount of feed and residual feed of the experimental piglets were recorded to calculate the average daily feed intake (g / d);

[0132] Average daily weight gain (ADG) (g / d) = (end weight - initial weight) / 30

[0133] Feed weight ratio = ADFI / ADG

[0134] Figure 5 The growth performance results of Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3 are shown in FIG. 1 ; as shown in the figure, the average daily feed intake, average daily weight gain and feed-to-weight ratio of Examples 1-4 are 206-215 g / d, 118-132 g / d and 1.63-1.75, respectively, indicating that the growth performance is better; the average daily feed intake, average daily weight gain and feed-to-weight ratio of Comparative Examples 1-3 are 207-213 g / d, 105-115 g / d and 1.85-1.97, respectively, indicating that the growth performance is poor; the fermented feed for improving intestinal health in Comparative Example 1 does not contain the ZIF-8 carrier, which is not conducive to the stable development of D- The promoting effect of basil oil on digestion and absorption is not conducive to intestinal health, which in turn has an adverse effect on the absorption of nutrients, resulting in poor growth performance; the fermented feed for improving intestinal health in comparative example 2 does not contain laver polysaccharide active Chinese medicine composite gel, and cannot reduce the aggregation of ZIF-8@lilac basil oil nanoparticles, which is not conducive to improving intestinal health, thereby affecting the digestion and absorption of nutrients, resulting in poor growth performance; the laver polysaccharide active Chinese medicine composite gel in comparative example 3 does not contain laver polysaccharide, and cannot effectively improve the morphology of intestinal villi, which is not conducive to improving the absorption capacity of the intestine, resulting in poor growth performance.

[0135] The above experimental results show that the bacterial stability, intestinal health and growth performance of Examples 1-4 of the present invention are significantly better than those of Comparative Examples 1-3. Among them, the bacterial survival rate of Example 1 using ZIF-8@Clove Basil Oil Nanoparticles and Laver Polysaccharide Active Traditional Chinese Medicine Composite Gel is higher, the intestinal health level is better and the growth performance is better. ZIF-8@Clove Basil Oil Nanoparticles reduce the adverse effects of clove basil oil on microorganisms in fermented feed. After entering the gastrointestinal tract, ZIF-8 disintegrates to release clove basil oil, which effectively promotes digestion and absorption. It can also reduce the excess of E. coli, and the zinc ions produced by the disintegration of ZIF-8 strengthen the intestinal barrier and improve intestinal health. The active Chinese medicine composite gel of laver polysaccharide can adsorb pathogenic bacteria such as E. coli to prevent them from adhering to the intestinal wall and multiplying, and promote the growth of beneficial bacteria such as lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria, thereby optimizing the intestinal environment. ZIF-8@clove basil oil nanoparticles are embedded in the active Chinese medicine composite gel of laver polysaccharide and coated on the surface of fermented feed, thereby enhancing the isolation from the external environment, better maintaining the activity of microorganisms, and improving the stability of feed quality.

[0136] While the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.

[0137] The present invention and its implementation methods are described above, which is not restrictive. The drawings are only one of the implementation methods of the present invention, and the actual application is not limited thereto. In short, if ordinary technicians in the field are inspired by it and design methods and embodiments similar to the technical solution without creativity without departing from the purpose of the invention, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fermented feed for improving intestinal health, characterized in that: The fermented feed for improving intestinal health comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of ZIF-8@Clove Basil Oil Nanoparticles, 20-30 parts of Laver Polysaccharide Active Traditional Chinese Medicine Composite Gel, 30-50 parts of Corn Flour, 30-50 parts of Soybean Meal Powder, 30-40 parts of Grass Powder, 1-2 parts of Bacillus Subtilis, 1-2 parts of Yeast, and 4-6 parts of Papain; The ZIF-8@Clove Basil Oil Nanoparticles comprise the following components in parts by weight: The components of the composite gel are as follows: 15-20 parts of ZIF-8 carrier and 15-20 parts of clove basil oil; the laver polysaccharide active Chinese medicine composite gel comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of laver polysaccharide, 10-20 parts of chitosan, 5-8 parts of compound Chinese medicine superfine powder and 3-5 parts of citric acid; the raw materials of the compound Chinese medicine superfine powder include the following components in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of Codonopsis pilosula, 10-20 parts of Astragalus membranaceus and 10-20 parts of Taraxacum officinale. The method for preparing the fermented feed for improving intestinal health specifically comprises the following steps: S1. 1-2g of Bacillus subtilis and 1-2g of yeast were inoculated into LB medium for activation. After culturing at 37℃ for 1-2 days, the number of viable bacteria in the bacterial suspension was 3×10 9 CFU / mL, add 4-5 times amount of pure water to corn flour, soybean meal and grass meal, mix well, sterilize at 120℃, cool to room temperature, add 1% inoculum of Bacillus subtilis suspension, 1% yeast suspension and 4-6g papain, perform anaerobic fermentation at 35-36℃ for 72h, freeze-dry and obtain fermented feed; S2. Add the laver polysaccharide active Chinese medicine composite gel into 10-20 times the amount of water, stir evenly, then add ZIF-8@clove basil oil nanoparticles, stir magnetically, continue to add the fermented feed described in step S1, homogenize, the homogenization pressure is 600-800 bar, the homogenization time is 3-5 minutes, and then freeze-dry to obtain the fermented feed that improves intestinal health.

2. A method for preparing a fermented feed for improving intestinal health according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1. 1-2g of Bacillus subtilis and 1-2g of yeast were inoculated into LB medium for activation. After culturing at 37℃ for 1-2 days, the number of viable bacteria in the bacterial suspension was 3×10 9 CFU / mL, add 4-5 times amount of pure water to corn flour, soybean meal and grass meal, mix well, sterilize at 120℃, cool to room temperature, add 1% inoculum of Bacillus subtilis suspension, 1% yeast suspension and 4-6g papain, perform anaerobic fermentation at 35-36℃ for 72h, freeze-dry and obtain fermented feed; S2. Add the laver polysaccharide active Chinese medicine composite gel into 10-20 times the amount of water, stir evenly, then add ZIF-8@clove basil oil nanoparticles, stir magnetically, continue to add the fermented feed described in step S1, homogenize, the homogenization pressure is 600-800 bar, the homogenization time is 3-5 minutes, and then freeze-dry to obtain the fermented feed that improves intestinal health.

3. The method for preparing a fermented feed for improving intestinal health according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S2, during the magnetic stirring process, the stirring speed is 5000-6000 rpm and the stirring time is 3-4 hours.

4. The method for preparing a fermented feed for improving intestinal health according to claim 3, characterized in that: The preparation method of the ZIF-8@clove basil oil nanoparticles specifically comprises the following steps: a. Add 595 mg of zinc nitrate hexahydrate to 20 mL of 90% ethanol solution, stir to fully dissolve it, as liquid A, weigh 659 mg of 2-methylimidazole and add it to 20 mL of 90% ethanol solution, stir to fully dissolve it, as liquid B, slowly drop liquid A into liquid B while stirring, with a stirring speed of 60-80 rpm. After the addition is completed, continue stirring for 20-30 min, then let stand for 8-12 h, centrifuge at a centrifugal speed of 600-800 rpm, and centrifuge for 5-10 min. Wash the precipitate with anhydrous ethanol solution 2-3 times, collect the white precipitate, and vacuum dry it at 60-80 ° C for 8-12 h to obtain a ZIF-8 carrier; b. Add 150-200 mg of clove basil oil to 100 mL of 90% ethanol solution by mass, stir to dissolve it, add the ZIF-8 carrier described in step a, place it under ultrasonic vibration at room temperature for 5-10 min, then magnetically stir for 2-3 h, and then centrifuge the mixed solution at high speed, with a centrifugal speed of 10000-20000 rpm and a centrifugal time of 10-15 min. Collect the precipitate, wash the precipitate with anhydrous ethanol 2-3 times, dry it in vacuo at 60-80 ° C for 24-48 h, and grind to obtain ZIF-8@clove basil oil nanoparticles.

5. The method for preparing a fermented feed for improving intestinal health according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step b, the mass ratio of clove basil oil to ZIF-8 carrier is 1:

1.

6. The method for preparing a fermented feed for improving intestinal health according to claim 5, characterized in that: The preparation method of the laver polysaccharide active traditional Chinese medicine composite gel specifically comprises the following steps: (1) Pulverize naturally air-dried laver, weigh 4-5 g of laver powder, soak it in 95% ethanol solution overnight, freeze-dry the residue, add 250-300 mL of distilled water to obtain the freeze-dried powder, perform microwave extraction at pH 7.0-7.5, repeat the extraction twice, combine the extracts, centrifuge at a speed of 4000-5000 rpm, centrifuge for 5-10 min, remove the precipitate, collect the supernatant, concentrate under reduced pressure, add anhydrous ethanol to precipitate repeatedly 2-3 times, store at 4°C overnight, and centrifuge for 5 minutes. The precipitate is taken from the center, washed with anhydrous ethanol and acetone for 2-3 times, dried, and the obtained crude polysaccharide is added to water to be completely dissolved, and then 1 / 2 amount of neutral protease of the crude polysaccharide is added, stirred, and placed in a water bath at 40-50°C for 1-2 hours, and inactivated with boiling water for 3-5 minutes, and repeated several times until there is no absorption peak at 280nm, indicating that the protein has been removed, and centrifuged at a speed of 4000-5000rpm for 5-10 minutes, and the supernatant is concentrated under reduced pressure and dried to obtain laver polysaccharide; (2) Mix and dry Codonopsis pilosula, Astragalus membranaceus and Taraxacum officinale in an oven at 55-65°C, first grind and sieve with a common grinder, with a mesh size of 80-100 mesh, then ultrafine grind and sieve with a mesh size of 300-500 mesh, to obtain a compound Chinese medicine ultrafine powder; (3) Disperse 1-2 g of chitosan in 50 mL of 3% acetic acid solution under N2 atmosphere for standby use; dissolve the laver polysaccharide described in step (1) in 50 mL of pure water and stir to completely dissolve; mix the laver polysaccharide solution and the chitosan solution evenly; then add the composite Chinese medicine ultrafine powder described in step (2) and stir; continue to add citric acid, adjust the pH to 5.0-6.0, cross-link the temperature to 45-55°C, cross-link the time to 3-4 h, perform ultrasonic homogenization, the ultrasonic temperature to 20-40°C, the ultrasonic frequency to 30-40 kHz, the ultrasonic power to 600-800 W, the ultrasonic time to 5-10 min, and freeze-dry to obtain the laver polysaccharide active Chinese medicine composite gel.

7. The method for preparing a fermented feed for improving intestinal health according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step (1), during the microwave extraction process, the microwave power is 400-600 W and the extraction time is 50-90 s.

8. The method for preparing a fermented feed for improving intestinal health according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step (3), the mass fraction of laver polysaccharide in the aqueous solution is 3-5%.

Images