Double-side electrolytic slotting machining device and method for closed component

Abstract

The invention relates to a double-side electrolytic slotting machining device and method for a closed component, and belongs to the technical field of electrolytic machining. During machining, electrolyte flows in from the liquid inlet, flows through the hollow inner cavity of the liquid inlet pipe and is sprayed out from the liquid outlet seam in the center of the cathode, and a fluid domain is formed between the cathode and the anode. In the machining process, the two cathodes are fed in the opposite directions at the same time, and grooving machining of the blade grid channel of the closed component is achieved. When the channel is penetrated, a flow field is easy to change, and a stable channel penetrating machining mode is designed, namely before the channel is penetrated, one cathode stops feeding, the pressure of the electrolyte sprayed out of the center of the cathode is increased, and the other cathode continues machining by keeping the original machining parameters until the channel is penetrated. The cathodes on the two sides are machined at the same time, and the machining efficiency of the closed component is improved; a stable through machining mode is designed, and continuous and stable grooving machining in the whole process is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a double-sided electrolytic slotting processing device and method for a closed component, belonging to the technical field of electrolytic processing. Background Art

[0002] Aircraft engines are highly complex precision industrial products. As the heart of aircraft, they are the driving force of aircraft flight. As an important component of aircraft engines, closed components are usually made of difficult-to-process materials such as nickel-based high-temperature alloys, with poor machinability. At present, closed components are mainly processed by milling, which has problems such as low processing efficiency and high processing costs. Electrolytic machining is a non-contact processing that is not limited by the hardness, strength and toughness of the material itself, has high processing efficiency, no tool cathode loss, and no cutting stress during processing. It is particularly suitable for the processing of engine closed components and other parts.

[0003] Patent CN116117251A proposes a closed blade ring screw-in electrolytic machining method and device, in which the cathode extends parallel to the rear end face of the workpiece at the end of the machining. In order to ensure the stability of the machining at the last moment, a reflux groove is designed to allow the electrolyte to flow back to the machining area.

[0004] Patent CN117697051A proposes a combined clamping closed component channel electrolytic processing device and method, the cathode is fed along a spatial trajectory, a conductive metal ring is designed at the channel penetration point and the workpiece forms a combined component, and an insulation method for the bent rod is proposed.

[0005] Patent CN114799754B discloses a method for processing a stator blade ring, which manufactures the stator blade ring by milling, cutting and finishing. This method reduces the number of reverse surfaces and avoids blade cutting.

[0006] Patent CN103909315B discloses a split-electrode electrospark machining method, which divides the scaled three-dimensional flow channel model into multiple modules and uses electrodes corresponding to each module for electrospark machining.

[0007] Patent CN108994402A uses an electrospark machining method to machine closed blade rings, which is mainly divided into two steps: rough machining and fine machining.

[0008] At present, some progress has been made in electrolytic machining of closed components. Researchers have proposed some devices and methods for electrolytic machining of closed components and measures to improve machining stability. However, the machining efficiency of electrolytic machining of closed components needs to be improved. This patent proposes an efficient machining method for closed components. Summary of the invention

[0009] The object of the present invention is to provide a highly efficient and stable closed component double-sided electrolytic slotting processing device and method.

[0010] Features: The whole device includes a tooling tray, an upper cathode assembly located on the upper side of the tooling tray, and a lower cathode assembly located on the lower side of the tooling tray; The above-mentioned tooling plate is installed on the rotating axis of the machine tool and is used to install the workpiece; The above-mentioned upper cathode assembly is composed of an upper liquid inlet pipe, an upper adapter block, an upper cathode connecting rod, an upper cathode, and an upper liquid sealing device; wherein a liquid outlet gap is arranged at the center of the upper cathode, the upper cathode is mounted on the upper cathode connecting rod, the upper cathode connecting rod is mounted on the upper adapter block, the upper adapter block is connected to the upper liquid inlet pipe, and the upper liquid inlet pipe is connected to the left feed shaft of the machine tool; the above-mentioned lower cathode assembly is composed of a lower liquid inlet pipe, a lower adapter block, a lower cathode connecting rod, a lower cathode, and a lower liquid sealing device; wherein a liquid outlet gap is arranged at the center of the lower cathode, the lower cathode is mounted on the lower cathode connecting rod, the lower cathode connecting rod is mounted on the lower adapter block, the lower adapter block is connected to the lower liquid inlet pipe, and the lower liquid inlet pipe is connected to the right feed shaft of the machine tool; The upper and lower sealing liquid devices are respectively close to the upper and lower surfaces of the workpiece; the upper and lower liquid inlet pipes are respectively connected to the electrolyte input pipe of the electrolyte circulation system; the upper adapter block and the lower adapter block are respectively connected to the negative pole of the power supply; the workpiece is connected to the positive pole of the power supply.

[0011] The processing method of the closed component double-sided electrolytic slotting processing device is characterized by comprising the following processes: During processing, the electrolyte flows in from the liquid inlet, passes through the upper liquid inlet pipe and the lower liquid inlet pipe, and is ejected from the liquid outlet slits in the center of the upper cathode (2) and the lower cathode, forming a fluid domain between the cathode and the cathode; At the beginning of processing, the cathode end surface is not parallel to the processing surface of the workpiece, the distances from the left and right sides of the cathode to the processing surface are not equal, the gap on one side is large, and the gap on the other side is small, and the initial processing flow field is unstable; the upper sealing device and the lower sealing device are designed so that the cathode is in the channel of the upper sealing device and the lower sealing device, and the lateral distance from the cathode side on the side with the large initial processing gap to the side of the sealing device channel is smaller than the lateral distance on the side with the small processing gap, so as to ensure uniform flow velocity around the cathode and improve the stability of the initial processing; During processing, the two cathodes move towards each other at the same time, that is, the upper cathode moves downward along the Z axis, and the lower cathode moves upward along the Z axis, which improves the processing efficiency; at the same time, the upper cathode and the lower cathode move along the Y axis, that is, the left and right directions, respectively, to realize the spatial feeding movement of the cathode; finally, the processing of the twisted channel is realized through the spatial interpolation movement of the cathode; As the processing proceeds, before the channel is penetrated, the upper cathode stops feeding, the connection between the upper cathode and the power supply is disconnected, and the pressure of the electrolyte sprayed from the center of the upper cathode is increased; the lower cathode maintains the initial processing parameters and continues processing. After the channel is stably processed and penetrated, the lower cathode stops feeding, completing the processing of a closed component blade channel. The advantages of the present invention are: the processing efficiency is improved by the simultaneous movement of cathodes on both sides toward each other; the processing of the twisted channel is realized through the interpolation movement of the cathode; and a stable channel penetration method is designed to improve the stability of the channel during processing.

[0012] A dual cathode simultaneous feeding processing method is proposed to improve processing efficiency. The cathodes on both sides are fed in opposite directions at the same time, which reduces the processing time of a single channel and improves processing efficiency; the closed component cascade channel is highly distorted, and the cathode connecting rod is easy to interfere with the processed channel. Compared with processing one cathode, processing two cathodes on both sides reduces the depth of the cathode connecting rod entering the channel, simplifying the complex design process of the cathode connecting rod.

[0013] The cathode interpolation movement realizes the processing of the twisted channel. The upper and lower cathodes can move in two directions, namely up and down along the Z axis (moving towards each other) and left and right along the Y axis; the processing of the twisted channel is realized through the spatial interpolation movement of the cathode.

[0014] A stable processing method is designed to improve the processing stability when the channel is penetrated. Before the channel is penetrated (a certain thickness of the blank remains), the upper cathode stops feeding, disconnects the upper cathode from the power supply, increases the electrolyte pressure of the upper cathode, and allows the electrolyte to flow through the processing area of ​​the lower cathode and out of the original path, avoiding short circuit in the processing area of ​​the lower cathode due to lack of liquid at the moment of channel penetration; the lower cathode maintains the initial processing parameters and continues processing. After the channel is stably processed, the lower cathode stops feeding, completing the processing of one channel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a double-sided electrolytic slotting processing device for a closed component; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cathode and the workpiece before the channel is penetrated; Reference numerals in the figure: 1-upper liquid inlet pipe, 2-upper cathode, 3-upper cathode connecting rod, 4-upper adapter block, 5-upper liquid sealing device, 6-tooling tray, 7-workpiece, 8-lower liquid sealing device, 9-lower cathode, 10-lower cathode connecting rod, 11-lower adapter block, 12-lower liquid inlet pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0017] The present invention provides a device and method for double-sided electrolytic slotting of a closed component, and the specific processing steps are: 1) Assemble all parts of the processing device, connect the upper and lower liquid inlet pipes to the servo feed axis of the machine tool, and connect the electrolyte input pipe of the electrolyte circulation system to the liquid inlet of the upper and lower liquid inlet pipes; 2) Tool setting to determine the initial processing position; 3) The positive and negative poles of the power supply are connected to the workpiece and the cathode respectively, the electrolyte system circulates the liquid, the power is turned on, the machine tool processing program is started, and the two cathodes are fed at the same time; the upper cathode stops feeding after feeding to the set position, the connection between the upper cathode and the power supply is disconnected, and the electrolyte pressure of the upper cathode is increased; the lower cathode maintains the initial processing parameters and continues to feed until the channel is penetrated; the processing is stopped when the upper and lower cathodes are fed in place, and the processing of one channel is completed; 4) Retract the tool, rotate the machine tool rotary axis connected to the tooling plate, and continue processing the next channel; 5) Remove the workpiece after processing is completed.

[0018] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural changes made using the contents of the description and drawings of the present invention should be included in the patent protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A closed component double-sided electrolytic slotting processing device, characterized in that: The entire device comprises a tooling tray (6), an upper cathode assembly located on the upper side of the tooling tray, and a lower cathode assembly located on the lower side of the tooling tray; The tooling plate (6) is mounted on the rotating shaft of the machine tool and is used to mount the workpiece (7); The upper cathode assembly comprises an upper liquid inlet pipe (1), an upper adapter block (4), an upper cathode connecting rod (3), an upper cathode (2), and an upper liquid sealing device (5); wherein a liquid outlet gap is arranged at the center of the upper cathode (2), the upper cathode (2) is mounted on the upper cathode connecting rod (3), the upper cathode connecting rod (3) is mounted on the upper adapter block (4), the upper adapter block (4) is connected to the upper liquid inlet pipe (1), and the upper liquid inlet pipe (1) is connected to the left feed shaft of the machine tool; the lower cathode assembly comprises a lower liquid inlet pipe (12), a lower adapter block (11), a lower cathode connecting rod (10), a lower cathode (9), and a lower liquid sealing device (8); wherein a liquid outlet gap is arranged at the center of the lower cathode (9), the lower cathode (9) is mounted on the lower cathode connecting rod (10), the lower cathode connecting rod (10) is mounted on the lower adapter block (11), the lower adapter block (11) is connected to the lower liquid inlet pipe (12), and the lower liquid inlet pipe (12) is connected to the right feed shaft of the machine tool; The upper liquid sealing device (5) and the lower liquid sealing device (8) are respectively closely attached to the upper surface and the lower surface of the workpiece (7); the upper liquid inlet pipe (1) and the lower liquid inlet pipe (12) are respectively connected to the electrolyte input pipe of the electrolyte circulation system; the upper adapter block (4) and the lower adapter block (11) are respectively connected to the negative electrode of the power supply; and the workpiece (7) is connected to the positive electrode of the power supply.

2. A processing method using the closed component double-sided electrolytic slotting processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that The following procedures are included: During processing, the electrolyte flows in from the liquid inlet, passes through the upper liquid inlet pipe (1) and the lower liquid inlet pipe (12), and is ejected from the liquid outlet gaps in the center of the upper cathode (2) and the lower cathode (9), forming a fluid domain between the cathode and the cathode; At the beginning of processing, the cathode end surface is not parallel to the processing surface of the workpiece, the distances from the left and right sides of the cathode to the processing surface are not equal, the gap on one side is large and the gap on the other side is small, and the initial processing flow field is unstable; the upper liquid sealing device (5) and the lower liquid sealing device (8) are designed so that the cathode is in the channel of the upper liquid sealing device (5) and the lower liquid sealing device (8), and the lateral distance from the cathode side on the side with the large initial processing gap to the side of the liquid sealing device channel is smaller than the lateral distance on the side with the small processing gap, thereby ensuring uniform flow velocity around the cathode and improving the stability of the initial processing; During processing, the two cathodes move towards each other at the same time, that is, the upper cathode (2) moves downward along the Z axis, and the lower cathode (9) moves upward along the Z axis, thereby improving processing efficiency; at the same time, the upper cathode (2) and the lower cathode (9) move along the Y axis, that is, in the left and right directions, respectively, to achieve spatial feeding movement of the cathodes; finally, through the spatial interpolation movement of the cathodes, the processing of the twisted channel is achieved; As the processing proceeds, before the channel is penetrated, the upper cathode (2) stops feeding, the connection between the upper cathode (2) and the power supply is disconnected, and the pressure of the electrolyte sprayed from the center of the upper cathode (2) is increased; the lower cathode (9) maintains the initial processing parameters and continues processing. After the channel is stably processed and penetrated, the lower cathode (9) stops feeding, and the processing of a closed component blade channel is completed.

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