Welding tool clamp for aluminum alloy T-shaped connector and using method of welding tool clamp

Abstract

The invention provides a T-shaped joint welding tool clamp which comprises a panel clamping table and a web clamping table, a panel of the panel clamping table is concave inwards, and a panel heat conduction pipe is arranged on the panel; a web plate of the web plate clamping table is concave inwards, a heat conduction plate is arranged on the web plate, and the sliding shaft penetrates through the two sides of the web plate clamping table, is inserted into a sliding shaft screw hole of the panel clamping table and is screwed tightly, so that the panel clamping table and the web plate clamping table are combined and fixed at 90 degrees. The panel clamping table and the web clamping table are arranged, the web clamping table is fixedly combined with the panel clamping table through the sliding shaft, and welding can be conducted by fixing an aluminum alloy test plate; heat conduction pipes are arranged on the panel clamping table and the web clamping table respectively, the cooling speed can be reduced through preheating before welding, and stress generated during welding and air holes and cracks generated after welding are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to a welding method and a device for an aluminum alloy T-joint. Background Art

[0002] In the traditional shipbuilding process, ship plate welding is generally carried out with steel plates, and the notches are pressed and formed with a hydraulic press and butt welding is used. However, with the development of materials and the application of aluminum alloys, in the manufacture of ships with special requirements, in order to prevent cracks from occurring on the arc surface of the pressed notches, it is required that the production of the grooved bulkheads must be completed with T-joint full-penetration fillet welds. At the same time, since T-joint welding has high requirements for assembly accuracy and welding angle of the welded plates, this undoubtedly increases the workload and labor intensity of welding and the uncontrollability of welding quality. In addition, since the heat dissipation of T-joints is not as good as that of butt joints, it is easy to generate large welding stress after welding. Therefore, it is particularly important to invent a welding method and device for T-joints.

[0003] In response to the above problems, the invention with publication number CN115770977A discloses a welding preheating device and equipment. By setting a welding device, the range of the welding surface is controlled, so that the sample can be welded without changing the welding gun or welding equipment. It is more convenient to use and improves welding efficiency. By setting a clamping device, it is convenient to clamp the steel plate and the steel pipe, improve the use range of the device, make the welding effect better, avoid welding dead angles, and by setting a lifting device, it is convenient to adjust the height of the workbench to make it more suitable for different operators. However, the welding device is still basically in the clamping and preheating of the butt weld, and there is little research on the welding method and device of the T-joint; there are certain restrictions on the materials and sizes of the welding style, and there are few applications for aluminum alloy related welding.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the invention with publication number CN106041378B discloses a preheating welding device for pile legs of marine engineering equipment, including a welding system and a base platform. The welding system includes an electromagnetic heating device of a cylindrical structure for sleeved on the outer periphery of the pile legs. The electromagnetic heating device is provided with an induction coil arranged circumferentially, and an open groove is provided on the cylindrical wall of the electromagnetic heating device and an automatic welding device is provided on the outer wall; the base platform is provided with a driving device for driving the electromagnetic heating device to rotate relative to the pile legs and a guiding support structure for supporting the electromagnetic heating device, and the base platform can slide relative to the pile legs. This application uses electromagnetic induction heating to preheat the pile legs, which can heat pile legs of different shapes and diameters. It has strong versatility and high heating efficiency, and there is no problem of temperature difference between the inside and outside of the pile legs. However, there is no mention of the aluminum alloy T-joint welding device. Therefore, a method has been developed to avoid space limitations and interference when the welding processing head changes at a large angle during large-angle T-type welding. By adjusting the angle of the clamp device, welding is more convenient and the welding stability is improved. The workpiece can be preheated before welding through the internal preheating plate. Preheating before welding can reduce the cooling rate, reduce the stress generated during welding, and reduce the pores and cracks generated after welding. This is one of the important issues that need to be solved at present. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a T-joint welding fixture which can effectively reduce the stress generated during welding as well as the pores and cracks generated after welding.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for using a T-joint welding fixture.

[0007] Based on the above purpose, the present invention provides a T-joint welding tooling fixture, including a panel clamp and a web clamp. The panel of the panel clamp is concave, and a panel heat pipe is provided on the panel; the web of the web clamp is concave, and a heat conductive plate is provided on the web. The sliding shaft passes through both sides of the web clamp and is inserted into the sliding shaft screw hole of the panel clamp and tightened, so that the panel clamp and the web clamp are combined and fixed at 90°.

[0008] The panel clamping platform comprises a fixing mechanism, and the fixing mechanism comprises a fixing screw, and the fixing screw passes through a screw hole into the concave rear end of the panel clamping platform, and is used to fix the horizontal position of the rear end of the aluminum alloy test plate.

[0009] The fixing mechanism comprises a panel pneumatic ejector pin, the ejector pin of which is passed into the front end of the concave portion of the panel clamping platform and is used to fix the front end position of the aluminum alloy test plate.

[0010] The web plate clamping platform comprises a fixing nut for fixing the web plate clamping platform at the position of the sliding shaft.

[0011] A web plate pneumatic ejector is provided at the upper end of the web plate clamping table. The web plate pneumatic ejector is passed into the inner concave position of the web plate and is used to fix the position of the upper part of the aluminum alloy test plate.

[0012] The sliding shaft is provided with a supporting spring 6 on the outer edge of the portion between the panel clamping platform and the web clamping platform.

[0013] It comprises a fixture base, the fixture base is provided with a rotating shaft, and the panel clamping platform is fixed on the rotating shaft.

[0014] The rotating shaft is connected with the motor.

[0015] Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a method for using a T-joint welding fixture, comprising the steps of: Step 1: Place the first aluminum alloy test plate on the panel clamping table, adjust the fixing screws to align the rear end of the first aluminum alloy test plate with the horizontal position, and use the panel pneumatic ejector to clamp the front end of the first aluminum alloy test piece to fix the position of the test plate; Step 2: Place the second aluminum alloy test plate on the web plate fixture, and use the web plate pneumatic ejector to fix the position of the test plate; Step 3, adjust the fixing nut and the supporting spring to fix the panel clamping table with the first aluminum alloy test plate and the web clamping table with the second aluminum alloy test plate at 90 degrees; Step 4: Adjust the fixing nut and the supporting spring to make the bottom surface of the web clamping table fit the panel clamping table; Step 5: Install the panel card table on the rotating shaft of the fixture base, control the motor so that the rotating shaft drives the panel card table to rotate, so that the panel card table forms an angle of 45-50° with the bottom surface; Step 6, turning on the power supply, the panel heat pipe and the web heat pipe preheat the first aluminum alloy test plate and the second aluminum alloy test plate respectively, and when the temperature of the test plate reaches the set temperature, turning off the power supply; Step 7: Start welding.

[0016] The preheating test plate temperature shown in step 6 is 100-150°C.

[0017] The present invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The present invention provides a panel clamping platform and a web clamping platform, and the web clamping platform is fixedly assembled with the panel clamping platform through a sliding shaft, and can be welded by fixing an aluminum alloy test plate; 2. The present invention provides heat conducting pipes on the panel clamping table and the web clamping table respectively, and preheating before welding can reduce the cooling speed, reduce the stress generated during welding, and reduce the pores and cracks generated after welding; 3. The present invention fixes the panel fixture to the rotating shaft, controls the rotation of the panel fixture through the rotating shaft, and adjusts the welding position, so that the T-joint can be welded at any angle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other embodiments can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] In the figure: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the aluminum alloy T-joint welding device of the present application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the panel structure of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the web structure of this application; Figure 4 A flow chart for the use of the welding device for this application; Figure 5 Welding effect diagram for this application; Figure 6 This is a microscopic effect diagram of the embodiment of the present application; Among them: 1. fixture base, 2. panel clamp, 3. rotating shaft, 4. sliding shaft, 5. belly clamp, 7. motor, 8. fixing screw, 9. panel heat pipe, 10. panel pneumatic ejector, 11. supporting spring, 12. belly heat pipe, 13. fixing nut, 15. belly pneumatic ejector, 16. sliding shaft screw hole. Implementation

[0020] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] It should be noted that all expressions using "first" and "second" in the embodiments of the present invention are intended to distinguish two non-identical entities or non-identical parameters with the same name. It can be seen that "first" and "second" are only for the convenience of expression and should not be understood as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, other steps or units inherent to a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units. Example

[0022] like Figure 1As shown, a T-joint welding fixture comprises a panel clamp 2 and a web clamp 5, wherein the panel of the panel clamp 2 is concave and a panel heat pipe 9 is arranged on the panel; sliding shaft screw holes 15 are arranged at corresponding positions at both ends of the panel clamp 2, and the sliding shaft 4 passes through both sides of the web clamp 5 and is inserted into the sliding shaft screw holes 16 and tightened; the first aluminum alloy test plate to be welded is fixed to the panel clamp 2, and the second aluminum alloy test plate is fixed to the web clamp 5, and the panel clamp 2 and the web clamp 5 with the aluminum alloy test plates fixed are combined and fixed at 90 degrees; The power supply is turned on to preheat the first aluminum alloy test plate and the second aluminum alloy test plate respectively by the panel heat pipe 9 and the web heat pipe 12. When the test piece temperature reaches 100-150°C, the power supply of the heat pipe is disconnected and welding is started. At the same time, argon gas with a purity of 99.999% is used for protection.

[0023] It should be noted that in order to ensure the welding effect, the position of the test plate needs to be fixed, such as Figure 2 As shown, the panel card table 2 includes a fixing mechanism, which includes a fixing screw 8, and the fixing screw 8 is passed into the concave rear end of the panel card table 2 through a screw hole, so as to fix the horizontal position of the rear end of the first aluminum alloy test plate; the fixing mechanism includes a panel pneumatic ejector 10, and the ejector of the panel pneumatic ejector 10 is passed into the concave front end of the panel card table 2, so as to fix the front end position of the first aluminum alloy test plate.

[0024] During use, the rear end of the first aluminum alloy specimen is pressed against the fixing screws 8 in the panel clamp 2, and the two ends of the specimen are kept horizontal by adjusting the position of the screws. The front end of the first aluminum alloy specimen is then clamped using the panel pneumatic ejector 10 to fix the position of the specimen and effectively prevent it from falling.

[0025] like Figure 3 As shown, the web clamping platform 5 includes a fixing nut 13 for fixing the sliding shaft 4, and a web pneumatic ejector 15 is provided at the upper end of the web clamping platform 5. The web pneumatic ejector 15 is passed into the concave position of the web and is used to fix the position of the upper part of the second aluminum alloy test plate.

[0026] It should be noted that, in some embodiments, for aluminum alloy specimens of different sizes, since the stroke of the panel pneumatic ejector 10, the web pneumatic ejector 15, and the fixing screw 8 is limited, the sliding shaft 4 is adjusted to make the web clamping platform 5 concave and the size of the panel clamping platform 2 enlarged, so as to effectively accommodate large-sized specimens and achieve effective fixation.

[0027] In some embodiments, the sliding shaft 4 is located between the panel clamp 2 and the web clamp 5, and a support spring 6 is provided on the outer edge. The web of the web clamp 5 is concave and the middle part is set at a certain distance from the panel clamp 2 to facilitate welding at its T-shaped portion.

[0028] When in use, the panel clamp 2 and the web clamp 5 with the aluminum alloy test plate are fixed at 90°; the distance between the panel and the web is adjusted to 0mm (i.e., the corner joint gap of the test piece) by the threaded cylinder; the adjusted assembly is installed on the fixture base 1, and the combination angle is adjusted to 40-50° by the motor 7; the heat pipe power is turned on for preheating, and the heat pipe power is turned off when the temperature of the test piece reaches 100-150°C by using a thermometer, and then welding is started.

[0029] It should be noted that, in the plate suitable for T-type welding, the width of the plate is greater than the width of the web and the panel, and the support spring 6 is made of a material with a large elastic modulus and a small wire diameter, so that the two clamps can be perfectly fitted in normal T-type welding. Example

[0030] like Figure 4 The method for applying a fixture for welding an aluminum alloy T-joint shown in the figure comprises the following steps: Step 1, place the first aluminum alloy test plate on the panel clamping table 2, adjust the fixing screw 8 to align the horizontal position of the rear end of the first aluminum alloy test plate, and use the panel pneumatic ejector 10 to clamp the front end of the first aluminum alloy test piece to fix the position of the test plate; Step 2, placing the second aluminum alloy test plate on the web plate clamping table 5, and using the web plate pneumatic ejector 15 to fix the position of the test plate; Step 3, adjust the fixing nut 13 and the supporting spring 11, and fix the panel clamping platform 2 fixed with the first aluminum alloy test plate and the web clamping platform 5 fixed with the second aluminum alloy test plate at 90 degrees; Step 4: Adjust the fixing nut 13 to make the bottom surface of the web clamping platform 5 fit the panel clamping platform 2; Step 5, install the panel card table 2 on the rotating shaft 3 of the fixture base 1, control the motor 7, make the rotating shaft 3 drive the panel card table 2 to rotate, and make the panel card table 2 form an angle of 45-50° with the bottom surface; Step 6, turn on the power supply, the panel heat pipe 9 and the web heat pipe 12 preheat the first aluminum alloy test plate and the second aluminum alloy test plate respectively, and when the temperature of the test plate reaches the set temperature, turn off the power supply; Step 7: Start welding.

[0031] The welding process parameters are shown in the following table.

[0032] Laser power kW Welding speed m / min Defocus mm Swing shape Swing (mm) Frequency hz Wire feeding speed m / min Expert Mode Arc current A Arc voltage V Wire plate angle° Arc length correction % Craft Mode 9.5 1.2 +3 CW 2 250 7.5 AlSi5 159 20.3 35 0 C0880+P The experimental results are as follows Figure 5 As shown, by using the method and device, the weld is well formed macroscopically, as shown in FIG. Figure 6As shown, after microscopic observation, no defects such as pores and lack of fusion were found. At the same time, the welds on both sides of the joint were connected, meeting the welding requirements, indicating that the use of this method and device has achieved significant welding results, which not only greatly reduced labor costs, but also greatly improved welding quality.

[0033] The above are exemplary embodiments disclosed in the present invention, but it should be noted that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the scope disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention as defined in the claims. The functions, steps and / or actions of the method claims according to the disclosed embodiments described herein do not need to be performed in any particular order. In addition, although the elements disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention may be described or required in individual form, they may also be understood as multiple unless explicitly limited to the singular.

[0034] It should be understood that, as used herein, the singular form "a" or "an" is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly supports an exception. It should also be understood that, as used herein, "and / or" refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the items listed in association. The serial numbers of the embodiments disclosed in the above embodiments of the present invention are for description only and do not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0035] A person skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is only exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of the disclosure of the embodiments of the present invention (including the claims) is limited to these examples; under the concept of the embodiments of the present invention, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, and there are many other changes in different aspects of the above embodiments of the present invention, which are not provided in detail for the sake of simplicity. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the embodiments of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A T-joint welding fixture, characterized in that: It includes a panel card platform and a belly plate card platform. The panel of the panel card platform is concave, and a panel heat pipe is arranged on the panel; the belly plate of the belly plate card platform is concave, and a heat conductive plate is arranged on the belly plate. The sliding shaft passes through both sides of the belly plate card platform and is inserted into the sliding shaft screw hole of the panel card platform and tightened, so that the panel card platform and the belly plate card platform are combined and fixed at 90 degrees.

2. A T-joint welding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The panel clamping platform comprises a fixing mechanism, and the fixing mechanism comprises a fixing screw, and the fixing screw passes through a screw hole into the concave rear end of the panel clamping platform, and is used to fix the horizontal position of the rear end of the aluminum alloy test plate.

3. A T-joint welding fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixing mechanism comprises a panel pneumatic ejector pin, the ejector pin of which is passed into the front end of the concave portion of the panel clamping platform and is used to fix the front end position of the aluminum alloy test plate.

4. A T-joint welding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The web plate clamping platform comprises a fixing nut for fixing the web plate clamping platform at the position of the sliding shaft.

5. The T-joint welding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: A web plate pneumatic ejector is provided at the upper end of the web plate clamping table. The web plate pneumatic ejector is passed into the inner concave position of the web plate and is used to fix the position of the upper part of the aluminum alloy test plate.

6. A T-joint welding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding shaft is provided with a supporting spring at the outer edge of a portion located between the panel clamping platform and the web clamping platform.

7. The T-joint welding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: It comprises a fixture base, the fixture base is provided with a rotating shaft, and the panel clamping platform is fixed on the rotating shaft.

8. A T-joint welding fixture according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rotating shaft is connected with the motor.

9. The method for using a T-joint welding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: Includes steps: Step 1: Place the first aluminum alloy test plate on the panel clamping table, adjust the fixing screws to align the rear end of the first aluminum alloy test plate with the horizontal position, and use the panel pneumatic ejector to clamp the front end of the first aluminum alloy test piece to fix the position of the test plate; Step 2: Place the second aluminum alloy test plate on the web plate fixture, and use the web plate pneumatic ejector to fix the position of the test plate; Step 3, adjust the fixing nut and the supporting spring to fix the panel clamping table with the first aluminum alloy test plate and the web clamping table with the second aluminum alloy test plate at 90 degrees; Step 4: Adjust the fixing nut and the supporting spring to make the bottom surface of the web clamping table fit the panel clamping table; Step 5: Install the panel card table on the rotating shaft of the fixture base, control the motor so that the rotating shaft drives the panel card table to rotate, so that the panel card table forms an angle of 45-50° with the bottom surface; Step 6, turning on the power supply, the panel heat pipe and the web heat pipe preheat the first aluminum alloy test plate and the second aluminum alloy test plate respectively, and when the temperature of the test plate reaches the set temperature, turning off the power supply; Step 7: Start welding.

10. The method for using a T-joint welding fixture according to claim 9, characterized in that: The preheating test plate temperature shown in step 6 is 100-150°C.

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