Deep-sea pressure-resistant cabin and health monitoring method of deep-sea pressure-resistant cabin

Abstract

The invention discloses a deep-sea pressure-resistant cabin and a health monitoring method of the deep-sea pressure-resistant cabin. According to the preparation method of the carbon nanotube film for health monitoring and the film matrix arrangement method provided by the invention, the health condition of the structure is monitored by monitoring the resistance change rate and the temperature change rate of the matrix film. The micro-nano-scale film structure can enhance the infiltration of epoxy resin and improve the interlayer toughness of the composite material, and the film does not need to be insulated by using an insulating material. Key materials, technologies and equipment supports can be provided for smooth implementation of the pressure-resistant cabin for the high-pressure gas storage deep sea.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention particularly relates to a deep-sea pressure-resistant cabin and a health monitoring method for the deep-sea pressure-resistant cabin, and belongs to the technical field of deep-sea pressure-resistant equipment. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen energy is a secondary energy with abundant sources, green and low carbon, and widely used. It is gradually becoming one of the important carriers of global energy transformation and development. Hydrogen storage and transportation technology is one of the main obstacles to the development of hydrogen energy. The main storage methods of hydrogen are high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage, low-temperature liquid hydrogen storage, organic liquid hydrogen storage and solid hydrogen storage. High-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage has the characteristics of low cost, low energy consumption and fast charging and discharging speed. It is mainly divided into three types: vehicle hydrogen storage tanks, transport hydrogen storage tanks and fixed hydrogen storage equipment. As the core component of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, hydrogen storage high-pressure deep-sea pressure-resistant cabins need to store enough hydrogen to ensure the endurance of the vehicle. Due to the development of hydrogen energy vehicles, vehicle hydrogen storage tanks are the main method, among which the 70 MPa carbon fiber wrapped IV type hydrogen storage deep-sea pressure-resistant cabin is the current international mainstream technology. However, excessive pressure, external loads, temperature changes and harsh environments may cause excessive strain and stress in the hydrogen storage deep-sea pressure-resistant cabin, thereby threatening its safety.

[0003] Composite materials are widely used in aerospace, navigation, automobile, and mechanical fields due to their light weight and high strength. However, composite materials are multiphase systems composed of reinforcing fibers, matrix materials, and interfaces. Their structures are prone to various forms of internal damage, such as cracks, fiber debonding or breakage, and delamination, which reduce the reliability and safety of the structure and limit the use of composite materials. Real-time health monitoring and damage evaluation of composite materials are required. Therefore, health monitoring of high-pressure composite deep-sea pressure chambers is particularly important.

[0004] To solve this problem, many researchers have adopted sensor technology. By installing sensors inside and outside the deep-sea pressure chamber, the stress and temperature inside the deep-sea pressure chamber are monitored, so as to know the safety status of the deep-sea pressure chamber. At present, the most commonly used structural health monitoring methods include guided wave piezoelectric ceramic sensors and fiber grating sensors. Guided wave monitoring is to bury piezoelectric ceramic sensors inside or paste them on the surface of composite materials during the manufacturing process of composite materials. However, the propagation of guided waves in composite materials is anisotropic, multi-mode aliasing and has strong amplitude attenuation, which makes it difficult to achieve high-precision monitoring of large composite structures. Fiber grating sensors are widely used in the field of composite structural health monitoring, but fiber grating sensors are brittle and easy to break, difficult to deploy in complex structural areas, and the cost is also high. The other two sensors are large in size, and defects will be implanted after being buried in the composite material, which will have a certain impact on the mechanical properties of the composite structure. In addition, these methods generally only install sensors between the liner and the fiber winding layer and outside the fiber winding layer. When the fiber winding layer is thick, the monitoring results are not comprehensive and there are certain monitoring errors. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a deep-sea pressure chamber and a health monitoring method for the deep-sea pressure chamber, which can provide key materials, technologies and equipment support for the safe service of the pressure chamber used in high-pressure deep sea, thereby overcoming the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention includes: A first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a deep-sea pressure-resistant chamber, comprising an inner liner and an outer shell wrapping the inner liner, wherein the outer shell comprises at least one first fiber winding layer and at least one second fiber winding layer sequentially stacked along the radial direction of the inner liner, and the deep-sea pressure-resistant chamber further comprises: z health monitoring modules and z electrical connector groups, the health monitoring module is arranged between the first fiber winding layer or the second fiber winding layer and the liner and / or between the first fiber winding layer and the second fiber winding layer, the health monitoring module includes a flexible printed circuit and x*y strain sensitive elements, the resistance of the strain sensitive element changes with its own deformation, the x*y strain sensitive elements are respectively distributed in the x*y detection areas of the pressure cabin, the flexible printed circuit has x row connecting lines arranged at intervals along the column direction and y column connecting lines arranged at intervals along the row direction, the x row connecting lines and the y column connecting lines are crossed in an array and electrically connected at the intersection, the x*y strain sensitive elements are arranged in an array on the flexible printed circuit, each of the strain sensitive elements is independently electrically connected to a row connecting line and a column connecting line, The electrical connector group is arranged outside the shell, and each of the electrical connector groups includes x row connection line connectors and y column connection line connectors, the x row connection line connectors are electrically connected to the x row connection lines respectively, and the y column connection line connectors are electrically connected to the y column connection lines respectively; when the health monitoring data acquisition device is connected to the mth row connection line connector and the nth column connection line connector, only one strain sensitive element is located in the same series circuit with the mth row connection line connector and the nth column connection line connector, wherein 1≤m≤x, 1≤n≤y, 1≤z.

[0007] Furthermore, the x*y strain sensitive elements included in each of the health monitoring modules are fixedly integrated with the flexible printed circuit.

[0008] Furthermore, the row direction is parallel to the axial direction of the inner liner, and the column direction is parallel to the circumferential direction of the inner liner.

[0009] Furthermore, the plurality of strain sensitive elements located in the same row and / or the same column are arranged at equal intervals.

[0010] Furthermore, each of the detection areas is correspondingly provided with p strain sensitive elements, and the p strain sensitive elements located in the same detection area are respectively distributed at different depths along the radial direction of the pressure cabin, 1≤p.

[0011] Furthermore, the strain sensitive element includes a carbon nanotube film.

[0012] Furthermore, the carbon nanotube film has a thickness of 50 μm-6 μm and a resistivity of 0.2 Ω / cm-0.4 Ω / cm.

[0013] Furthermore, the shapes and sizes of the carbon nanotube films in the x*y strain sensitive elements included in the health monitoring module are preferably the same.

[0014] Furthermore, the carbon nanotube film is formed by single-walled carbon nanotubes grafted with amino groups and multi-walled carbon nanotubes grafted with carboxyl groups.

[0015] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the single-walled carbon nanotubes grafted with amino groups to the multi-walled carbon nanotubes grafted with amino groups is 1:1.

[0016] Furthermore, the first fiber winding layer and the second fiber winding layer are formed by winding a carbon fiber reinforced resin-based composite material in a hoop winding or a spiral winding manner.

[0017] Furthermore, the carbon fiber reinforced resin-based composite material is carbon fiber impregnated with a mixed colloid.

[0018] Furthermore, the mixed colloid includes epoxy resin, curing agent and additives, and the weight ratio of the epoxy resin, the curing agent and the additive is 10:10:3.

[0019] Exemplarily, the epoxy resin is bisphenol A epoxy resin 863, the curing agent is 4207, and the accelerator is additives such as dibutyl phthalate.

[0020] Furthermore, the mass content of the mixed colloid in the shell is 60%-70%.

[0021] A second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a health monitoring method for a deep-sea pressure-resistant chamber, comprising: The deep-sea pressure-resistant cabin and health monitoring data acquisition equipment are provided, and the health monitoring data acquisition equipment is connected to a row of connecting wire connectors and a column of connecting wire connectors of the health monitoring module to obtain multiple resistance values ​​of a selected strain sensitive element located in the same series circuit as the row of connecting wire connectors and the selected column of connecting wire connectors at multiple time points, thereby obtaining the resistance change rate of the selected strain sensitive element, and judging the health condition of the location of the selected strain sensitive element by the resistance change rate.

[0022] Furthermore, a curve of the change of the resistance value of the selected strain sensitive element over time is constructed, and when the resistance value obtained by measurement deviates from the change curve, it is determined that the area where the selected strain sensitive element is located is damaged.

[0023] It should be noted that the resistance value / resistance value change of the strain sensitive element is linear. When damage occurs, the measured data deviates from the resistance value / resistance value change-time curve, and an alarm is immediately issued, indicating that the selected strain sensitive element is damaged. Of course, the resistance value / resistance value change-time curve of the strain sensitive element can also be obtained through a fatigue life test conducted in advance.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention include: 1) A deep-sea pressure-resistant cabin provided by an embodiment of the present invention introduces a health monitoring module based on a carbon nanotube film between the outer shell and the inner liner, thereby reducing wiring and reducing the impact on the layer structure. The edge is sealed by a waterproof structure to achieve internal structure sealing; 2) In a deep-sea pressure-resistant cabin provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the carbon nanotube film is very thin, and the epoxy resin can completely infiltrate the film. The embedding of the carbon nanotube film will not affect the interlayer mechanical properties of the pressure-resistant cabin itself. On the contrary, the micro-nano-scale film carbon nanotube film enhances the interlayer toughness of the shell, and its interlayer toughness is increased by at least 10% 3) Combining experiments and simulations, the embodiment of the present invention provides a deep-sea pressure-resistant cabin, in which the carbon nanotube film can be embedded in any layer of the deep-sea pressure-resistant cabin, and the quantity and position can be completely autonomously controlled; 4) In a deep-sea pressure-resistant cabin provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the carbon nanotube film does not need to be insulated by insulating materials. Experiments show that there is a layer of resin between the carbon nanotube film and the carbon fibers of the fiber winding, and mutual insulation exists; 5) The outer layer of the deep-sea pressure-resistant cabin of the present invention is a carbon fiber composite material, which can provide good waterproof, sealing, impact resistance, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and flexibility; 6) The deep-sea pressure-resistant cabin provided by the embodiment of the present invention has strong applicability and high engineering application value, and is of great significance in providing key materials, technology and equipment support for the smooth implementation of the pressure-resistant cabin for high-pressure gas storage in the deep sea. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a deep-sea pressure-resistant cabin made of high-pressure composite material based on carbon nanotube film provided by the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a health monitoring module provided by the present invention; Figure 3 A structural schematic diagram of a health monitoring module provided by the present invention; Figure 4 Strain testing process for carbon nanotube films; Figure 5 This is a micrograph of a carbon nanotube film; Figure 6 The rate of change of tensile resistance of the health monitoring module provided by the present invention; Figure 7 It is the bending resistance change rate of the health monitoring module provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the inventor of this case has proposed the technical solution of the present invention after long-term research and extensive practice. The technical solution, its implementation process and principle, etc. will be further explained in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation cases. Unless otherwise specified, the carbon fiber, carbon nanotubes, epoxy resin, curing agent, additives, etc., conductive silver glue and flexible circuit manufacturing process used in the embodiments of the present invention are all known in the art.

[0028] Example 1 See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 A deep-sea pressure-resistant cabin comprises an inner liner, an outer shell wrapping the inner liner, a plurality of health monitoring modules located between the inner liner and the outer shell and / or inside the outer shell, and a plurality of electrical connector groups arranged outside the outer shell, each of the health monitoring modules comprises a flexible printed circuit and 6*9 strain sensitive elements (R1-1, R1-2...R1-9, R2-1...R2-9...R6-1, R6-2...R6-9), the resistance of the strain sensitive element changes with its own deformation, the 6*9 strain sensitive elements are respectively distributed in 6*9 detection areas of the pressure-resistant cabin, the flexible printed circuit has 6 row connection lines arranged at intervals along the column direction and 9 column connection lines arranged at intervals along the row direction, the 6 row connection lines and the 9 column connection lines are cross-arrayed and Electrically connected at the intersection, 6*9 strain sensitive elements are arranged in an array on the flexible printed circuit, each of the strain sensitive elements is independently electrically connected to a row of connecting wires and a column of connecting wires, each of the electrical connector groups includes 6 row connecting wire connectors L1-L6 and 9 column connecting wire connectors C1-C9, each row connecting wire connector is electrically connected to a row of connecting wires, and each column connecting wire connector is electrically connected to a column of connecting wires; when the health monitoring data acquisition device is connected to the mth row connecting wire connector and the nth column connecting wire connector, only one of the strain sensitive elements is located in the same series circuit as the health monitoring data acquisition device, and the health monitoring data acquisition device can collect the resistance of the strain sensitive element located in the same series circuit as itself.

[0029] In this embodiment, the working principle of the health monitoring data acquisition device is to determine the health status of the corresponding position of the deep-sea pressure-resistant cabin by analyzing the data through the timed measurement of the resistance change rate of the strain sensitive element between L1-L6 and C1-C9. Among them, the temperature of the resistor can be calculated by the resistance-temperature curve of the strain sensitive element. Assuming that the position where the strain sensitive element R3-5 is located is damaged, the health monitoring data acquisition device will be abnormal when measuring the resistance change rate between L3 and C5. In this way, the strain monitoring can be realized at the position where the strain sensitive element is arranged.

[0030] In this embodiment, the strain sensitive element is a carbon nanotube film, the thickness of the carbon nanotube film is 50 μm-6 μm, and the resistivity is 0.2 Ω / cm-0.4 Ω / cm.

[0031] The resistance strain measurement method is the most widely used method for health monitoring stress analysis. This method uses a strain sensitive element (carbon nanotube film) to measure the internal strain of the composite material, and then obtains the stress state inside the composite material based on the strain-stress relationship, thereby performing stress analysis on the pressure hull.

[0032] The general process of strain measurement of carbon nanotube film is as follows (this part seems to prove the characteristics of carbon nanotube film itself, which can respond to deformation and cause resistance change, rather than the solution of the present invention to judge the deformation of the pressure chamber shell by collecting resistance): the carbon nanotube film is embedded in the interior of the deep-sea pressure chamber, and then connected to the measurement circuit. As the shell of the deep-sea pressure chamber is compressed and deformed, the carbon nanotube film is also deformed, causing its resistance value to change. The change in resistance value is proportional to the strain of the measuring point of the deep-sea pressure chamber. The signal generated by the resistance change of the carbon nanotube film is amplified by the measurement amplifier circuit and output, and indicated or recorded by an indicating instrument or recording instrument. This is a method of converting mechanical strain into electrical quantity, and its conversion process is as follows Figure 4 The output signal of the measuring circuit can also be amplified and converted into analog / digital form before being directly transmitted to a computer for data processing.

[0033] Specifically, the limiting photo of the carbon nanotube film is as follows: Figure 5 As shown in the figure, carbon nanotubes have a high aspect ratio, with radial nanometer-level and axial micrometer-level characteristics. The high specific surface area makes it easy for adjacent carbon nanotubes to agglomerate and entangle, forming a multi-directional conductive network. The total resistance Rc of the film made of carbon nanotubes consists of two parts, contact resistance Rj and intrinsic resistance Rg, namely ; The coefficient g i Conductor length L i And the effective contact area A i The impact can be expressed as ; Among them, Rj represents the contact resistance between the randomly distributed carbon nanotubes in the film, ignoring the resistance of the wire and the electrode. The contact resistance is mainly stimulated by the electrical tunneling effect of adjacent carbon nanotubes in the spatial domain.

[0034] Considering the random distribution of carbon nanotubes, the possible tunneling effects mainly include two types of conductive mechanisms: the in-plane conductive network formed by closely distributed carbon nanotubes; and the out-of-plane conductive network formed by closely overlapping carbon nanotubes. Since the gaps between carbon nanotubes are more or less filled by the matrix, the contact resistance Rj is several orders of magnitude higher than the intrinsic resistance Rg, so Rg can be ignored. Rj can be expressed as ; Among them, B is a constant, J0 is the width of the tunnel barrier, J1 is the width of the intersection, and T is the temperature.

[0035] The contact resistance Rj is analyzed using the Neugebauer-Webb theory. When electrons reach from one carbon nanotube to another, the electron transfer between the charged carbon nanotube and the neutral carbon nanotube is a tunneling process. Therefore, the contact resistance Rj of the carbon nanotube is related to its tunneling barrier. If the tunneling barrier is approximately regarded as a square potential barrier, Rj can be changed to ; Where C and k are constants, and d is the distance between the centers of two carbon nanotubes.

[0036] Then the resistance of the carbon nanotube film can be expressed as ; Assume that the initial contact resistance between two carbon nanotubes is R 0, where d 0 is the initial distance between the centers of the two carbon nanotubes. When the strain is small, k Basically unchanged, so the resistance change rate is: ; make ; Substituting formula (7) into formula (6), we can get ; The only variable in the formula is δ , which is only related to the spacing of carbon nanotubes. In the process of carbon nanotube film strain monitoring, the stretching and contraction process of carbon nanotube film will affect the center spacing of carbon nanotubes. d c The size of δ The value of is finally reflected as ΔR / R It changes with the film strain, that is, the change in the relative position strain can be obtained through the resistance change rate of the carbon nanotube film.

[0037] In the examples, see Figure 3The multiple strain sensitive elements included in each of the health monitoring modules are fixedly combined with the flexible printed circuit through conductive silver glue or the like.

[0038] In this embodiment, the health monitoring module is prepared by the following method: 1) Functional modification of carbon nanotubes, that is, grafting functional groups on carbon nanotubes to enhance the compatibility of the film with epoxy resin.

[0039] A mixed acid solution is prepared by mixing sulfuric acid and nitric acid in a mass ratio of 3:1, then adding carbon nanotubes, and performing ultrasonic treatment in a constant temperature water bath; After the reaction is completed, the mixture is cooled to room temperature, diluted with deionized water, filtered, washed with a large amount of deionized water until neutral, and then dried in a freeze dryer to obtain carbon nanotubes grafted with carboxyl groups; Then, the carbon nanotubes grafted with carboxyl groups are ultrasonically dispersed in ethylenediamine and a coupling agent, and then washed several times with anhydrous ethanol and deionized water, and dried to obtain carbon nanotube powder grafted with amino groups.

[0040] In this embodiment, the carbon nanotubes can be single-walled carbon nanotubes or multi-walled carbon nanotubes or a mixture of the two. Single-walled carbon nanotubes have excellent electrical conductivity and good film flexibility, but are expensive, more than ten times the price of multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Preferably, the single-walled carbon nanotubes grafted with amino groups and multi-walled carbon nanotubes grafted with carboxyl groups are used in the present invention in a 1:1 ratio.

[0041] In this embodiment, the sulfuric acid, nitric acid, anhydrous ethanol, ethylenediamine and coupling agent are all analytically pure, wherein the coupling agent can use silane coupling agent, titanate coupling agent, zirconate coupling agent, aluminate coupling agent, bimetallic coupling agent (aluminum-zirconate, aluminum-titanium composite coupling agent), rare earth coupling agent, phosphorus-containing coupling agent, boron-containing coupling agent, etc. Preferably, epoxy silane coupling agent is used in the present invention.

[0042] 2) The obtained functionalized modified carbon nanotube powder is mixed with deionized water to obtain a mixed solution, the carbon nanotubes in the mixed solution are stirred evenly using a homogenizer, and then a carbon nanotube solution is obtained using a microfluidizer.

[0043] 3) Pour the dispersed carbon nanotube solution into a vacuum filtration device, obtain a wet carbon nanotube film after filtration, put it into a vacuum oven for drying, and after cooling, peel off the carbon nanotube film from the filter paper to obtain a carbon nanotube film. The dried carbon nanotube film has a thickness of 50-60 um and a resistivity of 0.2-0.4 Ω / cm. It is then cut according to needs to produce the required size and shape.

[0044] 4) According to Figure 2Design a corresponding circuit as shown, print a flexible printed circuit, cut out the carbon nanotube film, glue the two ends of the carbon nanotube film to the printed circuit using conductive silver glue, put the printed circuit with the carbon nanotube film into a constant temperature drying oven for curing, and take out the conductive silver glue after it is fully dried.

[0045] In this embodiment, the flexible printed circuit is made by electronic printing, and is a printed board with point-to-point connections and printed components on a universal substrate. Its main function is to connect various electronic components to a predetermined circuit and play a role in relay transmission. This flexible printed circuit is a soft film (flexible insulating substrate) printed with a silvery white (silver paste) conductive pattern and a key pattern. This pattern is obtained by screen printing, and this printed circuit board is also called a flexible silver paste printed circuit board.

[0046] In this embodiment, the conductive silver paste is an adhesive whose base is an epoxy resin adhesive and can be cured at room temperature to 150°C.

[0047] In this embodiment, the outer shell of the deep-sea pressure-resistant cabin is formed by winding a carbon fiber reinforced resin-based composite material on an inner liner.

[0048] In this embodiment, the carbon fiber reinforced material of the carbon fiber reinforced resin-based composite material is T700S, the matrix is ​​bisphenol A epoxy resin 863, the curing agent is 4207, and the accelerator is additives such as dibutyl phthalate.

[0049] The deep-sea pressure-resistant cabin in the embodiment of the present invention is designable, and the winding sequence, number of winding layers and winding angle can be optimized through finite element mechanical analysis. Under the premise of satisfying its hoop strength, axial strength and hoop stability, the mechanical properties of the deep-sea pressure-resistant cabin can be improved by optimizing the winding process parameters.

[0050] In this embodiment, the deep-sea pressure-resistant cabin is prepared by the following method. Multiple production equipment are used in the manufacturing process, and the main production equipment is: a fully automatic carbon fiber winding machine, a CNC tension sensor, a dipping machine, an automatic temperature control curing furnace, etc., which are all known in the art: 1) Prepare the adhesive first: according to the weight ratio of epoxy resin: curing agent: additive = 10:10:3, put the epoxy resin, curing agent and additive into the mixer in turn, and use a stirrer to continuously and uniformly stir at 100-300 r / min for 20 minutes to obtain a uniformly mixed colloid.

[0051] 2) Winding to form the shell: First, the inner liner of the deep-sea pressure-resistant cabin is installed on the winding machine, and the mixed colloid is slowly put into the dipping tank heated by a water bath, and the temperature of the mixed colloid is controlled at 50-60 ℃; under the action of the tensioner, the carbon fiber filaments are passed through the dipping tank to allow the glue to fully infiltrate the fibers; According to the mechanical requirements and the ply design of the reinforced fiber, the carbon fiber T700S soaked in the mixed colloid is wound around the liner in different angles, spirals, and circumferential forms to achieve a certain number of layers and thickness to meet its strength requirements. The specific number of layers can be determined according to the strength and stability requirements of the deep-sea pressure-resistant cabin. Among them, the wire tension during the winding process is controlled at 10-30 N to ensure that the glue content of the entire shell is 60-70%. The actual tension is based on the quality control of the finished product.

[0052] Finally, the deep-sea pressure-resistant cabin is cured: the wrapped deep-sea pressure-resistant cabin is placed in a curing furnace for rotational centrifugal curing. During the entire curing process, the mold and workpiece are in a centrifugal rotating state, the centrifugal speed is 100-130 r / min, and the speed is uniform, and hot air is provided for internal circulation. The curing steps are as follows: 2.1) Raise the curing oven temperature to 90-100°C within 30-40 minutes and cure at this temperature for 100-120 minutes; 2.2) Raise the temperature of the curing oven to 120-130°C within 30 minutes, keep it at that temperature for 100-120 minutes, then raise the temperature of the curing oven to 160°C and keep it at that temperature for 240 minutes; 2.3) Let it cool down naturally to room temperature and set aside.

[0053] In this embodiment, during the process of winding to form the outer shell, the health monitoring module is arranged between the outer shell and the inner shell and / or between different winding layers of the outer shell as required, such as Figure 1 As shown, continue winding until the outer shell of the deep-sea pressure chamber is completed. It should be noted that the connector of the health monitoring module is connected from the head end of the deep-sea pressure chamber, and L1-L6 and C1-C9 are retained. Figure 1 and Figure 2 This is just an example and can be customized according to actual needs. In addition, the deep-sea pressure-resistant cabin can be pre-embedded with a multi-layer health monitoring module in the body. Figure 1 Only one layer of health monitoring module is shown in the figure. After the deep-sea pressure cabin is wound, it is placed in a curing box for curing. After curing, the interface of the flexible printed circuit is connected to the health monitoring data acquisition device.

[0054] In this embodiment, carbon nanotube films are used to monitor the structural health of deep-sea pressure-resistant cabins. Rectangular films of 1.5 cm × 3 cm are cut and embedded in glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin-based composite materials. The health monitoring module is embedded in the middle of 20 layers of fiber winding layers. Tensile and three-point bending tests are carried out respectively, and the resistance of multiple carbon nanotube films is collected respectively to realize the strain and damage monitoring of deep-sea pressure-resistant cabins. The results are as follows: Figure 6 , Figure 7 shown.

[0055] The embodiments described above with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention are intended to explain and illustrate the structural composition of the pressure cabin, the connection / matching relationship between the various component structures, and the manufacturing process. Unless otherwise specified, the shape, size, material and proportion of the various component structures of the pressure cabin can be selected according to specific circumstances and are not particularly limited or explained herein.

[0056] On the contrary, the present invention covers any substitution, modification, equivalent method and scheme made on the spirit, principle and scope of the present invention as defined by the claims. Further, in order to make the public have a better understanding of the present invention, some specific details are described in detail in the detailed description of the present invention below. It is possible for a person skilled in the art to fully understand the present invention without the description of these details. In addition, when positional terms such as both sides, both ends, up and down are used, it should be understood that they are only used to facilitate understanding and description, considering that the structure may be facing other positions.

Claims

1. A deep-sea pressure-resistant cabin, comprising an inner liner and an outer shell wrapping the inner liner, wherein the outer shell comprises at least one first fiber winding layer and at least one second fiber winding layer sequentially stacked along the radial direction of the inner liner, characterized in that: Also includes: z health monitoring modules and z electrical connector groups, the health monitoring module is arranged between the first fiber winding layer or the second fiber winding layer and the liner and / or between the first fiber winding layer and the second fiber winding layer, the health monitoring module includes a flexible printed circuit and x*y strain sensitive elements, the resistance of the strain sensitive element changes with its own deformation, the x*y strain sensitive elements are respectively distributed in the x*y detection areas of the pressure cabin, the flexible printed circuit has x row connecting lines arranged at intervals along the column direction and y column connecting lines arranged at intervals along the row direction, the x row connecting lines and the y column connecting lines are crossed in an array and electrically connected at the intersection, the x*y strain sensitive elements are arranged in an array on the flexible printed circuit, each of the strain sensitive elements is independently electrically connected to a row connecting line and a column connecting line, The electrical connector group is arranged outside the shell, and each of the electrical connector groups includes x row connection line connectors and y column connection line connectors, the x row connection line connectors are electrically connected to the x row connection lines respectively, and the y column connection line connectors are electrically connected to the y column connection lines respectively; when the health monitoring data acquisition device is connected to the mth row connection line connector and the nth column connection line connector, only one strain sensitive element is located in the same series circuit with the mth row connection line connector and the nth column connection line connector, wherein 1≤m≤x, 1≤n≤y, 1≤z.

2. The deep-sea pressure-resistant cabin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The x*y strain sensitive elements included in each of the health monitoring modules are fixedly integrated with the flexible printed circuit.

3. The deep-sea pressure-resistant cabin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The row direction is parallel to the axial direction of the inner container, and the column direction is parallel to the circumferential direction of the inner container.

4. The deep-sea pressure-resistant cabin according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The plurality of strain sensitive elements located in the same row and / or the same column are arranged at equal intervals.

5. The deep-sea pressure-resistant cabin according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: Each of the detection areas is correspondingly provided with p strain sensitive elements, and the p strain sensitive elements located in the same detection area are respectively distributed at different depths along the radial direction of the pressure cabin, 1≤p.

6. The deep-sea pressure-resistant cabin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The strain sensitive element includes a carbon nanotube film; And / or, the thickness of the carbon nanotube film is 50μm -6μm, the resistivity is 0.2Ω / cm -0.4 Ω / cm; And / or, the shapes and sizes of the carbon nanotube films in the x*y strain sensitive elements included in the health monitoring module are the same.

7. The deep-sea pressure-resistant cabin according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: The carbon nanotube film is formed by single-walled carbon nanotubes grafted with amino groups and multi-walled carbon nanotubes grafted with carboxyl groups; And / or, the mass ratio of the single-walled carbon nanotubes grafted with amino groups to the multi-walled carbon nanotubes grafted with carboxyl groups is 1:

1.

8. The deep-sea pressure-resistant cabin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first fiber winding layer and the second fiber winding layer are formed by winding a carbon fiber reinforced resin-based composite material in a hoop winding or a spiral winding manner; And / or, the carbon fiber reinforced resin-based composite material is carbon fiber impregnated with a mixed colloid; And / or, the mixed colloid comprises epoxy resin, curing agent and additive, and the weight ratio of the epoxy resin, the curing agent and the additive is 10:10:3; And / or, the mass content of the mixed colloid in the shell is 60%-70%.

9. A health monitoring method for a deep-sea pressure-resistant chamber, characterized in that: include: A deep-sea pressure-resistant chamber and a health monitoring data acquisition device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 are provided, and the health monitoring data acquisition device is connected to a row of connecting wire connectors and a column of connecting wire connectors of the health monitoring module to obtain multiple resistance values ​​of a selected strain sensitive element located in the same series circuit as the row of connecting wire connectors and the selected column of connecting wire connectors at multiple time points, thereby obtaining the resistance change rate of the selected strain sensitive element, and judging the health condition of the position of the selected strain sensitive element by the resistance change rate.

10. The health monitoring method for a deep-sea pressure-resistant chamber according to claim 9, characterized in that: A curve of the resistance value of the selected strain sensitive element changing with time is constructed. When the resistance value obtained by measurement deviates from the curve, it is determined that damage occurs in the area where the selected strain sensitive element is located.

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