Fluid pipeline and power transmission line automatic and manual butt joint and separation device

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic and manual butt joint and separation device for a fluid pipeline and a power transmission line, and relates to the technical field of pipeline butt joint, the automatic and manual butt joint and separation device comprises a butt joint for connecting the fluid pipeline and the power transmission line, the butt joint is movably matched on a mechanical butt joint block, and the mechanical butt joint block is provided with a first convex part and a first concave part towards the butt joint direction; a first thrust piece is arranged at one end of the mechanical butt joint block, a second thrust piece is arranged at one end of the butt joint head, and the first thrust piece at the driving butt joint end pushes the first protruding part and the first concave part of the mechanical butt joint block to be in butt joint with or separated from the first concave part and the first protruding part of the mechanical butt joint block at the butt joint end. And the butt joint is pushed to be in butt joint with or separated from the butt joint at the butted end through the second thrust piece at the active butt joint end, so that automatic communication and separation of the fluid pipeline and the power transmission line are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of pipeline docking, and in particular to an automatic and manual docking and separation device for a fluid pipeline and a transmission line. Background Art

[0002] Railway trains use air pipes to transmit pressurized air to push the basic brake device to implement braking deceleration or parking. Air hoses for transmitting pressurized air are set between each locomotive and vehicle and between vehicles. The prior art is that after a group of vehicles are assembled into a train, the air hoses between each docking vehicle must be connected manually, and then the air duct angle plugs at both ends of the docking vehicle must be opened to send the locomotive's pressurized air into the air brake system of each vehicle to ensure that each vehicle has the ability of pressurized air braking. When separating, the air duct angle plugs between the docking vehicles must be closed manually and the air hoses must be disassembled. Especially in large marshaling yards, a large number of vehicles need to be disassembled and reassembled every day, so the opening and closing of the angle plugs, disassembly and connection of the air hoses are very frequent, and the workload is large. At the same time, when the on-site staff connects or disassembles the air duct, they must enter the center of the track between the two docking vehicles to work. If the vehicle moves at this time, the on-site staff will be in danger of life. And when the air hose is connected and disassembled, because it is filled with high-pressure air inside, the air hose will swing and injure people if it is not careful.

[0003] In the patent document with the announcement number ZL202011151146.8, an automatic docking and separation device for wind power in railway vehicles is announced. This scheme is to install a mechanical docking body and a wind power docking body with a raised part and a recessed part in the box body under the traction beam at the front and rear ends of the vehicle, and drive the mechanical docking body and the wind power docking body to move toward the mechanical docking body and the wind power docking body of the rear vehicle through a telescopic device to complete the automatic docking of wind power. However, the structural dimensions of this scheme are too long and are not suitable for installation on railway locomotives and vehicles. In addition, since the two wind power docking bodies are not separated from the mechanical docking body when they are docked, the vibration, impact, and torsional force borne by the mechanical docking body during the operation of the locomotive vehicle will be transmitted to the docked wind power docking body, resulting in reduced docking reliability of the air path and circuit, air leakage in the air path and virtual connection of the electrodes, and cannot meet the air leakage limit standard and docking electrode power supply reliability requirements when the vehicle train pipes are docked. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention designs an automatic and manual docking and separation device for fluid pipelines and transmission lines. The application scenarios of the device include but are not limited to the automatic docking and automatic separation of railway locomotives and vehicle train pipes.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a fluid pipeline and a transmission line automatic, manual docking and separation device, comprising a first fluid hose and a transmission line,

[0006] The first fluid hose and the power transmission line are connected to a docking joint, the docking joint is arranged in a docking hole of a docking seat, the docking joint is slidably matched with the docking hole, and the docking seat is arranged on a mechanical docking block;

[0007] The mechanical docking block is provided with an automatic alignment device;

[0008] A first thrust piece is disposed at one end of the mechanical docking block to push the mechanical docking block to slide longitudinally; and a second thrust piece is disposed at one end of the docking head to push the docking head to slide longitudinally along the docking hole.

[0009] Preferably, the automatic alignment device is a first protrusion and a first recessed portion provided toward the docking party.

[0010] Preferably, the first thrust member is arranged in a cavity on the side of the first protrusion away from the docking surface, and comprises a mounting box, a first chamber, a first driving piston, a first driving piston spring, a first driving rod, a first fixing member, and a first vent hole;

[0011] The first driving rod and the first driving piston are slidably matched relative to the first chamber, the output end of the first driving rod is fixedly connected to the installation box through the first fixing member, and the installation box is provided with an opening facing the docking party;

[0012] A first slide rail extending toward the opening direction is fixed in the installation box, and the mechanical docking block is provided with a second slide rail corresponding to the first slide rail. The first slide rail and the second slide rail are engaged and slidably matched, and the mechanical docking block can slide longitudinally along the first slide rail through the second slide rail;

[0013] The first vent hole is in communication with the first chamber, and the pressurized air entering the first chamber through the first vent hole pushes the mechanical docking block toward the opening of the installation box, and the first driving piston spring pushes the mechanical docking block into the installation box;

[0014] The second thrust member is arranged at one end of the docking joint, and comprises a drive cylinder, a second drive piston, a second drive rod, a switch magnet device, a second vent hole, and a third vent hole;

[0015] The driving cylinder is fixed to the docking seat, the second driving piston and the second driving rod are slidably matched with the driving cylinder, the output end of the second driving rod is connected to the docking head through the switch magnet device, the second vent hole and the third vent hole are connected to the internal chamber of the driving cylinder, wherein the pressurized air entering through the third vent hole pushes the second driving rod to retract into the driving cylinder, and the pressurized air entering through the second vent hole pushes the second driving rod to extend out of the driving cylinder and enter the docking hole;

[0016] The docking seat is provided with a sliding groove.

[0017] Preferably, the first recessed portion of the mechanical docking block is provided with a second chamber on a side away from the docking surface, and the first recessed portion is provided with a sixth through hole communicating with the second chamber, so that the head of the first protruding portion of the docking party can be inserted into the second chamber;

[0018] A docking detection device is provided in the second chamber, and the docking detection device includes: a docking detection plunger, a docking detection spring, a second air inlet, a second air exchange hole, and a second air exhaust hole;

[0019] The docking detection plunger is slidably fitted in the second chamber, annular bosses are arranged at intervals on the outer surface of the docking detection plunger, annular grooves are formed between the annular bosses, the docking detection spring is installed in the second chamber, one end of the docking detection spring is fixed to the end wall of the second chamber, and the other end is fixed to the docking detection plunger, and the docking detection spring pushes the docking detection plunger to the extreme position in the direction of the first recessed portion;

[0020] The second chamber is radially penetrated with the second air inlet hole, the second air outlet hole, and the second ventilation hole, the second air inlet hole and the second air outlet hole are arranged on both sides, and the second ventilation hole is arranged between the second air inlet hole and the second air outlet hole;

[0021] When the first protrusion is completely inserted into the first recess of the docking partner, the docking detection plunger of the docking partner is pushed by the first protrusion toward the docking detection spring to an extreme position, the annular groove of the docking detection plunger connects the second air inlet hole and the second air exchange hole, and the annular boss separates the second air exchange hole and the second exhaust hole;

[0022] When the first protrusion leaves the first recessed portion of the docking party, the docking detection spring of the docking party pushes the docking detection plunger to move toward the first recessed portion to an extreme position, the annular boss separates the second air inlet hole and the second air exchange hole passage, and the annular groove connects the second air exchange hole and the second exhaust hole passage.

[0023] Preferably, a locking assembly is provided between the docking head and the outer wall surface of the docking seat;

[0024] The locking assembly comprises an annular locking groove, a locking hole, a locking ball, and a locking sleeve;

[0025] The outer wall surface of the docking head is provided with an annular locking groove, and the side wall of the docking seat is provided with a plurality of locking holes corresponding to the annular locking groove; the locking balls are adapted to be arranged in the locking holes, and the diameter of the locking balls is greater than the wall thickness of the docking seat;

[0026] A locking sleeve is provided on the periphery of the docking seat corresponding to the locking ball, and the locking sleeve is slidably matched with the outer surface of the docking seat. The inner wall of the locking sleeve is provided with a first retreat groove, a locking boss, and a second retreat groove corresponding to the locking ball. The locking boss is located in the middle of the inner wall of the locking sleeve, the first retreat groove is located in front of the locking boss, and the second retreat groove is located on the rear side of the locking boss. When the locking sleeve slides to the front extreme position, the second retreat groove corresponds to the locking ball, and the locking ball can be completely located in the second retreat groove and the locking hole. When the locking sleeve slides to the rear extreme position, the first retreat groove corresponds to the locking ball, and the locking ball can be completely located in the first retreat groove and the locking hole. When the locking sleeve slides until the locking boss is directly opposite to the locking ball, the locking ball is located in the locking hole, and the locking ball partially enters the annular locking groove.

[0027] Preferably, a lock sleeve control mechanism is arranged between the outer wall surfaces of the docking seat, and the lock sleeve control mechanism comprises an unlocking rod, an unlocking piston, a first unlocking rod spring, and a second unlocking rod spring;

[0028] At least one seventh chamber is provided at the rear end of the outer periphery of the docking seat, an unlocking rod is passed through the seventh chamber, an unlocking piston is provided at the rear end of the unlocking rod, and the front end of the unlocking rod is fixedly connected to the lock sleeve; the two sides of the unlocking piston are respectively provided with the same first unlocking rod spring and second unlocking rod spring, the first unlocking rod spring and the second unlocking rod spring respectively abut against the end walls on both sides of the seventh chamber and the two ends of the unlocking piston, the first unlocking rod spring pushes the lock sleeve to the rear extreme direction through the unlocking piston and the unlocking rod, and the second unlocking rod spring pushes the lock sleeve to the front extreme direction through the unlocking piston and the unlocking rod;

[0029] The seventh chamber is provided with a third air inlet at the rear end and a third air outlet at the front end, and the third air exchange hole is provided between the third air inlet and the third air outlet;

[0030] When pressurized air enters the third air inlet, the unlocking piston compresses the first unlocking rod spring, and at the same time, the unlocking rod drives the lock sleeve to move to the front extreme position, so that the second retreat groove corresponds to the locking ball, and the locking ball is in an unlocked state;

[0031] When there is no pressurized air in the third air inlet, the first unlocking rod spring and the second unlocking rod spring jointly push the unlocking piston to the middle of the seventh chamber, and the locking boss of the lock sleeve corresponds to the locking ball, and the locking ball is in a locked state;

[0032] When an external force pushes the locking sleeve to move to the rear extreme position and compresses the second unlocking rod spring, the first retreat groove corresponds to the locking ball, and the locking ball is in an unlocked state.

[0033] Preferably, a third chamber is provided inside the docking joint, a fourth chamber is provided at the front end of the third chamber, the diameter of the third chamber is larger than the diameter of the fourth chamber, a first valve body is installed in the third chamber, a first valve stem spring is installed at the rear end of the first valve body, a hollow first valve stem is installed at the front end of the first valve body, the diameter of the first valve stem is smaller than the diameter of the fourth chamber, at least one third through hole is circumferentially provided on the side of the first valve stem close to the first valve body, the third through hole connects the central hollow part of the first valve stem with the fourth chamber, a first sealing gasket is provided on the side of the first valve body close to the first valve stem, and under the push of the first valve stem spring, the first sealing gasket fits with the step at the junction of the third chamber and the fourth chamber to close the fluid passage between the fourth chamber and the third chamber;

[0034] The first valve stem, under the push of an external force, drives the first sealing gasket to separate from the step at the junction of the third chamber and the fourth chamber, and compresses the first valve stem spring to connect the fluid passages of the fourth chamber and the third chamber; a first pressurizing piston is installed on the periphery of the first valve stem, the first pressurizing piston is slidably matched with the wall surface of the fourth chamber, and a first docking sealing ring is installed on the front end of the first valve stem;

[0035] The third chamber is in communication with the first fluid hose through a channel.

[0036] Preferably, a delayed closing component is provided at the rear end of the first valve stem spring, and the delayed closing component includes a delayed closing device body, a delayed closing piston, a connecting rod, a second fixing member, a first through hole, and a second through hole; the front end of the first valve stem spring is fixed to the first valve body, and the rear end is fixed to the delayed closing device body, a cavity is provided in the delayed closing device body, and a delayed closing piston is slidably fitted in the cavity, a first through hole is provided at the rear end of the delayed closing device body, and the first through hole is communicated with the third chamber cavity, a second through hole is provided at the front end of the delayed closing device body, a connecting rod runs through the second through hole, and the connecting rod is clearance-fitted with the second through hole;

[0037] One end of the connecting rod is connected to the delayed closing piston, and the other end is fixed to the first valve body and the first valve stem through the second fixing member. A bypass groove is provided on the connecting rod near the delayed closing piston.

[0038] A fluid passage is provided between the periphery of the delayed closing device body and the third chamber.

[0039] Preferably, a fifth chamber is provided inside the docking joint, a sixth chamber is provided at the front end of the fifth chamber, the diameter of the fifth chamber is larger than the diameter of the sixth chamber, a second valve body is installed in the fifth chamber, a second valve stem spring is installed at the rear end of the second valve body, a hollow second valve stem is installed at the front end of the second valve body, the diameter of the second valve stem is smaller than the diameter of the sixth chamber, at least one fourth through hole is circumferentially provided on the side of the second valve stem close to the second valve body, the fourth through hole connects the central hollow part of the second valve stem with the sixth chamber, a second sealing gasket is provided on the side of the second valve body close to the second valve stem, and under the push of the second valve stem spring, the second sealing gasket fits with the step at the junction of the fifth chamber and the sixth chamber to close the fluid passage between the sixth chamber and the fifth chamber;

[0040] The second valve stem, under the push of external force, drives the second sealing gasket to separate from the step at the junction of the fifth chamber and the sixth chamber, and compresses the second valve stem spring to connect the fluid passages of the sixth chamber and the fifth chamber. A second pressurizing piston is installed on the periphery of the second valve stem, and the second pressurizing piston is slidably matched with the wall surface of the sixth chamber. A second docking seal ring is installed at the front end of the second valve stem;

[0041] A rear cover is disposed on the other side of the fifth chamber, and the rear cover is communicated with the second fluid hose through a fifth through hole;

[0042] The front end of the second valve stem spring is fixed to the second valve body, and the rear end is fixed to the rear cover.

[0043] Preferably, the butt joint is provided with a transmission line butt joint device, and the transmission line butt joint device comprises: a butt joint electrode, an electrode mounting body, a butt joint surface sealing ring, a first torsion spring, a dust cover push rod, a dust cover, a dust cover rotating pin, a first push plate, a second protrusion, and a second recess;

[0044] The docking joint is provided with at least one electrode mounting body, at least one docking electrode is fixed in the electrode mounting body, the docking electrode is connected to the transmission line, an insulating member is provided between the docking electrode and the electrode mounting body, the electrode mounting body is provided with a docking surface parallel to the docking surface of the docking joint, the periphery of the docking surface is provided with the docking surface sealing ring, dust cover rotating pins are provided at the upper and lower parts of the electrode mounting body, the dust cover can rotate around the dust cover rotating pin, at least one side of the dust cover rotating pin is sleeved with the first torsion spring, the first One end of a torsion spring steel wire is against the joint body, and the other end of the steel wire is fixed to the dust cover, so that the dust cover can automatically rotate around the dust cover swivel pin and cover the joint surface under the torsion force of the first torsion spring, and the dust cover is provided with the dust cover push rod, and the dust cover push rod overcomes the reverse torsion force of the first torsion spring under the push of external force, drives the dust cover to rotate, and opens the joint surface; the other side of the center line of the joint is provided with a first push plate corresponding to the dust cover push rod, and the head of the first push plate exceeds the joint surface;

[0045] When the two butt joints are butted against each other, the first push plate of the butt joint at one end pushes the dust cover push rod of the butt joint at the other end, and drives the dust cover to rotate around the dust cover rotary pin, thereby opening the butt joint surface of the butt joint at the other end. When the butt joint surfaces of the two butt joints are in contact with each other, the butt joint surface sealing rings of the two butt joints are pressed against each other to seal the butt joint surfaces and the butt joint electrodes. At the same time, the two corresponding butt joint electrodes are automatically butt jointed with each other.

[0046] When the two butt joints are separated, the first push plate at one end leaves the dust cover push rod at the other end, and the dust cover rotates around the dust cover rotating pin under the torsion of the first torsion spring at the other end to cover the butt joint surface at the other end, and at the same time, the two butt joint electrodes are automatically separated from each other;

[0047] The butt joint surface of the butt joint is provided with a second protrusion and a second recess;

[0048] When the butt joints at both ends are butt jointed, the second raised portion and the second recessed portion at one end and the second recessed portion and the second raised portion at the other end are guided and aligned with each other, so that the two butt joint electrodes are accurately aligned with each other.

[0049] Preferably, a mounting plate is arranged away from the opening direction of the mounting box, a hollow swivel seat is arranged on the mounting plate near the mounting box side, a hollow clamping seat is arranged on the mounting box near the mounting plate side corresponding to the hollow swivel seat, the hollow swivel seat and the hollow clamping seat are connected via a swivel mandrel, the swivel mandrel is fixed via a third fixing member, so that the mounting box is suspended on the mounting plate, and the mounting box can be turned up and down around the swivel mandrel, a movable joint is arranged between the swivel mandrel and the hollow swivel seat, the hollow swivel seat is hinged to the swivel mandrel, so that the mounting box can swing left and right relative to the mounting plate;

[0050] The same tension springs are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the installation box, and the tension springs are connected to the corresponding tension spring hanging rings arranged on the installation plate and the installation box, and the tension spring hanging ring on the installation plate is obliquely above the tension spring hanging ring on the installation box;

[0051] The tension spring hanging ring on at least one side is provided with a screw rod, the screw rod is connected to the screw rod seat on the adjacent mounting plate or the mounting box, and the screw rod is provided with an adjusting nut, and the tension of the tension spring can be adjusted by rotating the adjusting nut, thereby adjusting the head-down, head-up and horizontal position of the mounting box and the mechanical docking block carried thereon;

[0052] The mounting plate and the mounting box are provided with a fixing device, which includes a first fixing cylinder, a second fixing cylinder, a fixing spring, a first fixing pin, a second fixing pin, a connecting plate, a first fixing seat, a second fixing seat, a third protrusion, a third recess, a second push plate, and a fixing pin push rod;

[0053] The first fixed cylinder body and the second fixed cylinder body are respectively fixed on both sides of the mounting plate, the first fixed seat and the second fixed seat are respectively fixed on both sides of the mounting box, the first fixed cylinder body and the second fixed cylinder body correspond to the first fixed seat and the second fixed seat respectively, an eighth chamber is provided in the first fixed cylinder body, a ninth chamber is provided in the second fixed cylinder body, the first fixing pin is passed through the eighth chamber, the second fixing pin is passed through the ninth chamber, and the first fixing pin and the second fixing pin are slidably matched with the eighth chamber and the ninth chamber respectively;

[0054] The first fixing pin and the second fixing pin are respectively provided with the third protrusion on the side close to the first fixing seat and the second fixing seat, and the first fixing seat and the second fixing seat are respectively provided with the third recess on the side close to the first fixing cylinder body and the second fixing cylinder body, and the third protrusion corresponds to the third recess and has a matching size;

[0055] At least one of the eighth chamber and the ninth chamber is provided with the fixing spring and the first air inlet hole, the first air exchange hole, and the first air exhaust hole;

[0056] The fixing spring is arranged on the side away from the third protrusion, the first air inlet is arranged on the side close to the third protrusion, the first exhaust hole is arranged on the side away from the third protrusion, and the first ventilation hole is arranged between the first air inlet and the first exhaust hole; when there is no pressurized air in the first air inlet, the fixing spring pushes the second fixing pin toward the second fixing seat, so that the third protrusion extends into the third recessed portion of the second fixing seat, thereby fixing the mounting box relative to the mounting plate, and at the same time cutting off the first air inlet and the first ventilation hole passage, and connecting the first ventilation hole and the first exhaust hole passage; when pressurized air enters the first air inlet, the second fixing pin moves toward the direction away from the second fixing seat while compressing the fixing spring, thereby separating the third protrusion from the third recessed portion, and the mounting box can swing freely relative to the mounting plate, and at the same time connecting the first air inlet and the first ventilation hole passage, and cutting off the first ventilation hole and the first exhaust hole passage;

[0057] The fixing pin push rod is arranged next to the first fixing pin and the second fixing pin, the connecting plate connects the fixing pin push rod, the first fixing pin and the second fixing pin together to form a linkage mechanism, and the mechanical docking block is provided with the second push plate near the docking surface, and the second push plate corresponds to the fixing pin push rod of the docking party.

[0058] Preferably, the switch magnet device is a magnetic seat, which can switch the external magnetic force, and the switch magnet device includes a magnet, a rotating handle, a cover plate, a magnetic seat body, an attraction surface, a magnetic blocking sheet, and a second torsion spring;

[0059] The magnetic seat body is divided into two halves by the magnetic blocking sheet, a hole with an open end is provided at the center of the magnetic seat body, a cylindrical magnet is rotatably fitted in the hole, the rotating handle is matched with the magnet through a protrusion and a recessed portion matched therewith from the open end of the hole, and when the rotating handle is manually rotated, the magnet can be driven to rotate synchronously, a limited stop is provided on the matching surface of the cover plate and the rotating handle to limit the rotation angle of the rotating handle and the magnet to the range of 0° to 90°, the second torsion spring is sleeved on the rotating handle shaft, one end of the second torsion spring is fixed on the cover plate, and the other end abuts against the rotating handle;

[0060] When there is no external force, the second torsion spring pushes the rotating handle and the magnet to rotate to the extreme position of 0°, so that the attraction surface generates an outward magnetic attraction force; when the external force overcomes the elastic force of the second torsion spring and pushes the rotating handle and the magnet to rotate to the other extreme position of 90°, the attraction surface has no outward magnetic attraction force.

[0061] Preferably, the first vent is connected to one end of the seventh air pipe, the other end of the seventh air pipe is connected to one end of the sixth air pipe, and the other end of the sixth air pipe is connected to one end of the fifth air pipe;

[0062] The other end of the fifth air pipe is communicated with the inner cavity of the second fixed cylinder through the first air exchange hole. The second fixed cylinder is provided with the first air inlet hole, the first air exchange hole, the first air exhaust hole, the second fixing pin and the fixing spring. When pressurized air enters the first air inlet hole, the second fixing pin moves and compresses the fixing spring, connecting the first air inlet hole with the first air exchange hole passage, and cutting off the first air exchange hole with the first exhaust hole passage; when there is no pressurized air in the first air inlet hole, the fixing spring pushes the second fixing pin to move, and cuts off the first air inlet hole with the first air exchange hole passage, connecting the first air exchange hole with the first exhaust hole passage;

[0063] The first air inlet is connected to one end of the fourth air pipe, and the other end of the fourth air pipe is connected to one end of the third air pipe through a first air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve. A first control end is provided at one end of the first air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve, and a first return spring is provided at the other end. When the first control end is energized, the valve core moves to connect the fourth air pipe with the third air pipe; when the first control end is not energized, the first return spring pushes the valve core to move in the opposite direction to isolate the fourth air pipe from the third air pipe, so that the fourth air pipe is connected to the atmosphere, and the other end of the third air pipe is connected to the air source.

[0064] The other end of the sixth air pipe is communicated with the second air inlet of the second chamber, and when the first protrusion pushes the docking detection plunger in the first recessed portion to the extreme position, the second air inlet is communicated with the second ventilation hole, and the passage between the second ventilation hole and the second exhaust hole is blocked at the same time; when the first protrusion is away from the first recessed portion, the docking detection spring pushes the docking detection plunger toward the first recessed portion to the extreme position, cutting off the passage between the second air inlet and the second ventilation hole, and connecting the passage between the second ventilation hole and the second exhaust hole;

[0065] The second air exchange hole is communicated with one end of the eighth air pipe, and the other end of the eighth air pipe is communicated with one end of the ninth air pipe through a second air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve. The second air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve is provided with a second control end at one end and a second return spring at the other end. When the second control end is powered, the valve core moves to cut off the passage between the eighth air pipe and the ninth air pipe, and at the same time, the ninth air pipe is connected to the atmosphere; when the second control end is not powered, the second return spring pushes the valve core to move in the opposite direction, connects the passage between the eighth air pipe and the ninth air pipe, and at the same time cuts off the passage between the ninth air pipe and the atmosphere;

[0066] The other end of the ninth air pipe is communicated with the third air inlet of the seventh chamber, and the seventh chamber is provided with an unlocking piston, an unlocking rod, a first unlocking rod spring, a second unlocking rod spring, a third air inlet, a third air exchange hole, and a third air exhaust hole; when the third air inlet hole enters with pressurized air, the unlocking piston is pushed to move and compress the first unlocking rod spring, so that the unlocking rod extends, and at the same time the third air inlet hole and the third air exchange hole passage are connected, and the third air exchange hole and the third air exhaust hole passage are cut off; when there is no pressurized air in the third air inlet hole, the unlocking piston is located in the middle position of the seventh chamber under the action of the first unlocking rod spring and the second unlocking rod spring, and at the same time the third air inlet hole and the third air exchange hole passage are cut off, and the third air exchange hole and the third air exhaust hole passage are connected;

[0067] The third air exchange hole is connected with one end of the tenth air pipe, the other end of the tenth air pipe is connected with the third air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve, one end of the sixth air pipe is connected with one end of the fifteenth air pipe, the other end of the fifteenth air pipe is connected with the third air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve, the tenth air pipe and the fifteenth air pipe are connected with one end of the twelfth air pipe through the third air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve, the third air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve is provided with a third control end and a third return spring, when the third control end is energized, the valve core moves to connect the fifteenth air pipe with the twelfth air pipe, and at the same time cuts off the passage between the tenth air pipe and the twelfth air pipe; when the third control end is without electricity, the third return spring pushes the valve core to move in the opposite direction, cuts off the passage between the fifteenth air pipe and the twelfth air pipe, and at the same time connects the passage between the tenth air pipe and the twelfth air pipe;

[0068] The other end of the twelfth air pipe is communicated with the two-position five-way reversing valve of the first air circuit, the second air hole is communicated with one end of the thirteenth air pipe, the other end of the thirteenth air pipe is communicated with the two-position five-way reversing valve of the first air circuit, the third air hole is communicated with one end of the fourteenth air pipe, the other end of the fourteenth air pipe is communicated with the two-position five-way reversing valve of the first air circuit, the thirteenth air pipe and the fourteenth air pipe are communicated with the two air holes and the twelfth air pipe through the two-position five-way reversing valve of the first air circuit, and the two-position five-way reversing valve of the first air circuit is provided with a fourth control end and a fourth reset spring. When the fourth control end is powered, the valve core moves to communicate the twelfth air pipe with the fourteenth air pipe and at the same time make the thirteenth air pipe open to the atmosphere; when the fourth control end is not powered, the fourth reset spring pushes the valve core to move in the opposite direction to communicate the twelfth air pipe with the thirteenth air pipe and at the same time make the fourteenth air pipe open to the atmosphere.

[0069] Beneficial Effects

[0070] The present invention provides a fluid pipeline and a transmission line automatic and manual docking and separation device, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0071] 1. The fluid pipelines and transmission lines at the docking point have redundancy. During vehicle operation, they can be flexibly extended and deflected, and are not affected by the longitudinal, lateral, and vertical displacements, torsion, impact, vibration and other factors between the docking vehicles. This makes it easy for the docking device to pass through curves (including horizontal and vertical curves) smoothly with the vehicle, and the operation is stable and reliable.

[0072] 2. It can be reliably fixed to the vehicle body to prevent accidental falling off due to vibration during the operation of the locomotive;

[0073] 3. It can detect the docking and locking status by itself to ensure reliable locking;

[0074] 4. The whole process of power transmission (including docking and non-docking state) is automatically dustproof and waterproof;

[0075] 5. The fluid pipeline has good sealing effect and is not easy to leak;

[0076] 6. Once the locking device falls off and separates during operation, the pressurized air in the air pipeline system of the locomotive and vehicle can be automatically discharged, causing the separated locomotive and vehicle to produce emergency braking and stop;

[0077] 7. It replaces the manual docking and disassembly of air hoses and the operation mode of opening and closing the angle plug door on site, eliminates the hidden danger of personal safety, reduces the labor intensity of on-site operators, and improves work efficiency;

[0078] 8. It eliminates the major safety hazard of the train being released due to accidental or abnormal closure of the train tube corner plug door in the original technical solution;

[0079] 9. Two pairs of joints in the docking state can be manually separated, or the joints in the manually docked and separated state can be manually separated. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0080] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the separation state of two bodies to be docked according to the present invention;

[0081] Figure 2 It is a top sectional view of the docking body of the present invention;

[0082] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the butt joint of the present invention;

[0083] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of two pairs of joints butted and locked in the present invention;

[0084] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the butt joint of the present invention;

[0085] Figure 6 It is a rear oblique schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0086] Figure 7 It is a sectional top view of the fixing device of the present invention;

[0087] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the present invention in a forward oblique view;

[0088] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the switch magnet device of the present invention;

[0089] Fig.10 This is the control principle diagram of the present invention.

[0090] In the figure: 101, first fluid hose; 102, power transmission line; 103, docking head; 104, docking seat; 105, docking hole; 106, mechanical docking block; 107, first protrusion; 108, first recess; 109, first chamber; 110, second chamber; 111, third chamber; 112, fourth chamber; 113, fifth chamber; 114, sixth chamber; 115, seventh chamber; 116, eighth chamber; 117, ninth chamber; 130, locking sleeve; 131, first retreat groove; 132, second retreat groove; 133, locking hole; 134, locking ball; 135, annular locking groove; 136, locking boss; 137, first unlocking stop; 138, second unlocking stop; 139, unlocking lever; 140, unlocking piston; 141, first unlocking rod spring; 142, second unlocking rod spring; 150, first pressurizing piston; 151, first docking seal ring; 152, first valve stem; 153, first valve stem spring; 154, first valve body; 155, first seal pad; 156, delayed closing device body; 157, first through hole; 158, delayed closing piston; 159, connecting rod; 160, bypass groove; 161, second through hole; 162, second fixing member; 163, third through hole; 164, channel; 180, second pressurizing piston; 181, second docking seal ring; 182, second valve stem; 183, fourth through hole; 184, second valve stem spring; 185, second valve body; 186, second seal pad; 187, rear cover; 188, fifth through hole; 189, second fluid hose; 200, docking electrode; 201, electrode mounting body; 202, docking surface; 203, docking surface sealing ring; 204, first torsion spring; 205, dust cover push rod; 206, dust cover; 207, dust cover rotation pin; 208, first push plate; 209, second protrusion; 210, second recess; 220, first drive rod; 221, first fixing member; 222, first drive piston; 223, first drive piston spring; 240, sixth through hole; 241, docking detection plunger; 242, docking detection spring; 260, drive cylinder; 261, second drive piston; 262, second drive rod; 270, installation base plate; 271, installation Mounting plate; 272, mounting box; 273, first fixed cylinder; 274, second fixed cylinder; 275, fixing spring; 276, first fixing pin; 277, second fixing pin; 278, connecting plate; 279, first fixing seat; 280, second fixing seat; 281, third protrusion; 282, third recess; 283, second push plate; 284, fixing pin push rod; 285, hollow card seat; 286, hollow rotary seat; 287, rotary mandrel; 288, third fixing member; 289, tension spring; 290, tension spring hanging ring; 291, screw; 292, screw seat; 293, adjusting nut; 294, fourth fixing member; 295, third position adjustment slot; 296, fourth position adjustment slot; 300, first slide rail;301, second slide rail; 302, slide groove; 320, first air pipe; 321, second air pipe; 322, third air pipe; 323, fourth air pipe; 324, fifth air pipe; 325, sixth air pipe; 326, seventh air pipe; 327, eighth air pipe; 328, ninth air pipe; 329, tenth air pipe; 330, eleventh air pipe; 331, twelfth air pipe; 332, thirteenth air pipe; 333, fourteenth air pipe; 334, fifteenth air pipe; 350, first return spring; 351, second return spring; 352, third return spring; 353, fourth return spring; 370, first control end; 371, second control end; 372, third control end; 373, fourth control end; 390, first air inlet; 391, first change Air hole; 392, first exhaust hole; 393, first ventilation hole; 394, second air inlet hole; 395, second ventilation hole; 396, second exhaust hole; 397, third air inlet hole; 398, third ventilation hole; 399, third exhaust hole; 400, second ventilation hole; 401, third ventilation hole; 410, air path on-off valve; 411, filter; 412, first air path two-position three-way reversing valve; 413, second air path two-position three-way reversing valve; 414, shrinkage plug; 415, third air path two-position three-way reversing valve; 416, first air path two-position five-way reversing valve; 430, magnet; 431, rotating handle; 432, cover plate; 433, magnetic seat; 434, attraction surface; 435, magnetic blocking sheet; 436, second torsion spring; 437, supporting arc surface. ; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0091] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0092] Note: The "front" of this scheme is the left side in the accompanying drawings, and the "back" is the right side in the accompanying drawings.

[0093] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0094] For the convenience of introduction, the following is an example of automatic docking and automatic separation of train pipes and transmission lines between railway locomotives and vehicles. However, the present invention is not limited to the automatic docking and automatic separation of train pipes and transmission lines between railway locomotives and vehicles, and can also be used for automatic docking and automatic separation of fluids and transmission lines in other fields (the automatic docking and automatic separation of train pipes of non-railway locomotives and vehicles can determine whether to set a delayed closing device according to the situation).

[0095] Embodiment 1: A device for automatically connecting and disconnecting a fluid pipeline and a transmission line;

[0096] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , two butted first fluid hoses 101 and transmission lines 102 are provided with butt joints at both ends, and the two butt joints can be automatically extended to butt with the other butt joint or automatically retracted to separate from the other butt joint. When the butt joints at both ends are in the same plane, they can be rotated 180° symmetrically about the midpoint of the line connecting the geometric centers of the butt joints at both ends;

[0097] The first fluid hose 101 and the power transmission line 102 are connected to the docking joint 103, which is disposed in a docking hole 105 of a docking seat 104. The docking joint 103 and the docking hole 105 are slidably matched, and the docking seat 104 is disposed on a mechanical docking block 106;

[0098] The mechanical docking block 106 is provided with an automatic alignment device;

[0099] A first thrust piece is disposed at one end of the mechanical docking block 106 to push the mechanical docking block 106 to slide longitudinally; a second thrust piece is disposed at one end of the docking head 103 to push the docking head 103 to slide longitudinally along the docking hole 105 .

[0100] A locking assembly is provided between the butt joint 103 and the outer wall surface of the butt socket 104 .

[0101] See also Figure 1 The automatic alignment device is a first protrusion (107) and a first recess (108) provided toward the docking party.

[0102] See also Figure 2 and Fig.10 To save installation space, the first thrust member is arranged in the cavity of the first protrusion 107 away from the docking surface, including the installation box 272, the first chamber 109, the first driving piston 222, the first driving piston spring 223, the first driving rod 220, the first fixing member 221, and the first vent hole 393;

[0103] The first driving rod 220 and the first driving piston 222 are slidably matched with respect to the first chamber 109, and the output end of the first driving rod 220 is fixedly connected to the installation box 272 through the first fixing member 221, and the installation box 272 is provided with an opening facing the docking party;

[0104] A first slide rail 300 extending toward the opening direction is fixed in the installation box 272, and the mechanical docking block 106 is provided with a second slide rail 301 corresponding to the first slide rail 300. The first slide rail 300 and the second slide rail 301 are engaged and slidably matched, and the mechanical docking block 106 can slide longitudinally along the first slide rail 300 through the second slide rail 301;

[0105] The first vent hole 393 is in communication with the first chamber 109, and the pressurized air entering the first chamber 109 through the first vent hole 393 pushes the mechanical docking block 106 toward the opening direction of the installation box 272, and the first driving piston spring 223 pushes the mechanical docking block 106 into the installation box 272;

[0106] When the first vent hole 393 enters the pressurized air, the first driving piston 222 pushes the first driving rod 220 to extend out of the mechanical docking block 106. Since the output end of the first driving rod 220 is fixedly connected to the installation box 272 through the first fixing member 221, the mechanical docking block 106 moves toward the passive docking side under the reverse thrust of the installation box 272. The first protrusion 107 and the first recessed portion 108 on the mechanical docking block 106 of the active docking side are docked with the first recessed portion 108 and the first protrusion 107 of the mechanical docking block 106 of the passive docking side, respectively. Under mutual guidance, the docking of the mechanical docking block 106 of the active docking party and the mechanical docking block 106 of the passive docking party is completed; on the contrary, when the first vent hole 393 is connected to the atmosphere, the first drive piston spring 223 pushes the first drive piston 222 and the first drive rod 220 to retract into the mechanical docking block 106. Since the output end of the first drive rod 220 is fixedly connected to the installation box 272 through the first fixing member 221, under the reverse pulling action of the installation box 272, the mechanical docking block 106 of the active docking party and the mechanical docking block 106 of the passive docking party are separated, and the mechanical docking block 106 returns to the extreme position in the installation box 272.

[0107] The second thrust member is disposed at one end of the docking joint 103, and includes a drive cylinder 260, a second drive piston 261, a second drive rod 262, a switch magnet device, a second vent hole 400, and a third vent hole 401;

[0108] The driving cylinder 260 is fixed to the docking seat 104, the second driving piston 261 and the second driving rod 262 are slidably matched with the driving cylinder 260, the output end of the second driving rod 262 is connected to the docking head 103 through the switch magnet device, the second vent hole 400 and the third vent hole 401 are connected to the internal chamber of the driving cylinder 260, wherein the pressurized air entering through the third vent hole 401 pushes the second driving rod 262 to retract into the driving cylinder 260, and the pressurized air entering through the second vent hole 400 pushes the second driving rod 262 to extend out of the driving cylinder 260 and enter the docking hole 105;

[0109] See also Fig.10 When the docking joint 103 at the active docking end is docked with the docking joint 103 at the passive docking end, the second vent 400 at the active docking end enters pressurized air, the third vent 401 is connected to the atmosphere, the second driving piston 261 pushes the second driving rod 262 to extend out of the driving cylinder 260, and the switch magnet installed at the head of the second driving rod 262 pushes the docking joint 103 forward to dock with the docking joint 103 in the docking hole 105 of the passive docking end; conversely, when the docking joint 103 at the active docking end is separated from the docking joint 103 at the passive docking end, the third vent 401 at the active docking end enters pressurized air, the second vent 400 is connected to the atmosphere, the second driving piston 261 pushes the second driving rod 262 to retract the driving cylinder 260, the switch magnet installed at the head of the second driving rod 262 pulls the docking joint 103 backward to separate from the docking joint 103 in the docking hole 105 of the passive docking end, and brings the docking joint 103 at the active docking end back into the docking hole 105.

[0110] See also Figure 8 The docking seat 104 is provided with a slide groove 302. The slide groove 302 is not only convenient for the lower half of the docking joint 103 to enter and exit the docking hole 105, but also prevents the docking joint 103 from rotating relative to the docking seat 104, so that the active docking end docking joint 103 can smoothly enter and exit the passive docking end docking hole 105 to dock or separate with the passive docking end docking joint 103.

[0111] See also Figure 2 The first recessed portion 108 of the mechanical docking block 106 is provided with a second chamber 110 on the side away from the docking surface, and the first recessed portion 108 is provided with a sixth through hole 240 communicating with the second chamber 110, so that the head of the first protruding portion 107 of the docking party can be inserted into the second chamber 110;

[0112] A docking detection device is disposed in the second chamber 110, and the docking detection device includes: a docking detection plunger 241, a docking detection spring 242, a second air inlet 394, a second air exchange hole 395, and a second air exhaust hole 396;

[0113] A docking detection plunger 241 is slidably fitted in the second chamber 110, annular bosses are arranged at intervals on the outer surface of the docking detection plunger 241, and annular grooves are formed between the annular bosses. A docking detection spring 242 is installed in the second chamber 110, one end of the docking detection spring 242 is fixed to the end wall of the second chamber 110, and the other end is fixed to the docking detection plunger 241, and the docking detection spring 242 pushes the docking detection plunger 241 to the extreme position in the direction of the first recessed portion 108;

[0114] The second chamber 110 is radially penetrated with a second air inlet hole 394 , a second exhaust hole 396 , and a second ventilation hole 395 . The second air inlet hole 394 and the second exhaust hole 396 are arranged on both sides, and the second ventilation hole 395 is arranged between the second air inlet hole 394 and the second exhaust hole 396 .

[0115] When the first protrusion 107 is completely inserted into the first recess 108 of the docking partner, the docking detection plunger 241 of the docking partner is pushed by the first protrusion 107 toward the docking detection spring 242 to the extreme position, and the annular groove of the docking detection plunger 241 connects the second air inlet 394 and the second air exchange pore 395, and the annular boss separates the second air exchange pore 395 and the second air exhaust pore 396;

[0116] When the first protrusion 107 leaves the first recess 108 of the docking party, the docking detection spring 242 of the docking party pushes the docking detection plunger 241 to move to the extreme position toward the first recess 108, and the annular boss blocks the passage between the second air inlet 394 and the second air exchange hole 395, and the annular groove connects the passage between the second air exchange hole 395 and the second exhaust hole 396.

[0117] The docking detection device is provided to conveniently and accurately determine whether the two mechanical docking blocks are docked in place, so as to continue to unlock and dock the two pairs of connectors 103.

[0118] See also Figure 4 , Figure 3 , a locking assembly is provided between the outer wall surface of the docking joint 103 and the docking seat 104;

[0119] The locking assembly includes an annular locking groove 135, a locking hole 133, a locking ball 134, and a locking sleeve 130;

[0120] The outer wall of the docking head 103 is provided with an annular locking groove 135, and the side wall of the docking seat 104 is provided with a plurality of locking holes 133 corresponding to the annular locking groove 135; a locking ball 134 is adapted in the locking hole 133, and the diameter of the locking ball 134 is greater than the wall thickness of the docking seat 104;

[0121] A lock sleeve 130 is provided on the periphery of the docking seat 104 corresponding to the locking ball 134, and the lock sleeve 130 is slidably matched with the outer surface of the docking seat 104. The inner wall of the lock sleeve 130 is provided with a first retreat groove 131, a locking boss 136, and a second retreat groove 132 corresponding to the locking ball 134. The locking boss 136 is located in the middle of the inner wall of the lock sleeve 130, the first retreat groove 131 is located on the front side of the locking boss 136, and the second retreat groove 132 is located on the rear side of the locking boss 136. The two extreme positions of the longitudinal movement of the lock sleeve 130 correspond to the docking seat 104 and are respectively provided with a first unlocking stop 137 and a second unlocking stop 138. When the lock sleeve 130 slides until the locking boss 136 touches the first unlocking stop 137, the second retreat groove 132 corresponds to the locking ball 134, and the locking ball 134 can be completely located in the second retreat groove 132 and the locking hole 133.

[0122] When the locking sleeve 130 slides until the locking boss 136 touches the second unlocking stop 138, the first retreat groove 131 corresponds to the locking bead 134, and the locking bead 134 can be completely located in the first retreat groove 131 and the locking hole 133. When the locking sleeve 130 slides until the locking boss 136 is opposite to the locking bead 134, the locking bead 134 is located in the locking hole 133, and the locking bead 134 partially enters the annular locking groove 135.

[0123] See also Figure 4 , a lock sleeve control mechanism is provided between the outer wall surfaces of the docking seat 104;

[0124] The lock sleeve control mechanism includes an unlocking rod 139, an unlocking piston 140, a first unlocking rod spring 141, and a second unlocking rod spring 142;

[0125] At least one seventh chamber 115 is provided at the rear end of the outer periphery of the docking seat 104, and an unlocking rod 139 is inserted into the seventh chamber 115. An unlocking piston 140 is provided at the rear end of the unlocking rod 139, and the front end of the unlocking rod 139 is fixedly connected to the lock sleeve 130; the same first unlocking rod spring 141 and second unlocking rod spring 142 are respectively provided on both sides of the unlocking piston 140, and the first unlocking rod spring 141 and the second unlocking rod spring 142 respectively abut against the end walls on both sides of the seventh chamber 115 and the two ends of the unlocking piston 140, and the first unlocking rod spring 141 pushes the lock sleeve 130 to the rear extreme direction through the unlocking piston 140 and the unlocking rod 139, and the second unlocking rod spring 142 pushes the lock sleeve 130 to the front extreme direction through the unlocking piston 140 and the unlocking rod 139.

[0126] The seventh chamber 115 has a third air inlet 397 at the rear end and a third air outlet 399 at the front end. A third air exchange hole 398 is provided between the third air inlet 397 and the third air outlet 399 .

[0127] When pressurized air enters the third air inlet 397, the unlocking piston 140 compresses the first unlocking rod spring 141, and at the same time, the unlocking rod 139 drives the lock sleeve 130 to extend toward the docking side until it touches the first unlocking stopper 137, so that the second retreat groove 132 is directly opposite to the locking ball 134, and the locking ball 134 is in the unlocking state;

[0128] When there is no pressurized air in the third air inlet 397, the first unlocking rod spring 141 and the second unlocking rod spring 142 jointly push the unlocking piston 140 to the center of the seventh chamber 115, and the locking boss 136 of the lock sleeve 130 is directly opposite to the locking ball 134, and the locking ball 134 is in a locked state;

[0129] During docking, there is no pressurized air in the third air inlet 397 of the passive docking end, and pressurized air enters the third air inlet 397 of the active docking end, pushing the lock sleeve 130 of the active docking end to extend into the periphery of the docking seat 104 of the passive docking end, and moving the lock sleeve 130 of the passive docking end toward the seventh chamber 115, compressing the second unlocking rod spring 142 and touching the second unlocking stop 138, so that the first retreat groove 131 of the passive docking end is directly opposite to the locking bead 134, and the locking bead 134 of the passive docking end is in an unlocked state;

[0130] See also Figure 4 and Fig.10 The third ventilation hole 398 is provided to identify that the lock sleeve 130 of the active docking end is unlocked in place, and then push the active docking end docking joint 103 and the passive docking end docking joint 103 to dock.

[0131] See also Figure 3A third chamber 111 is provided inside the joint 103, a fourth chamber 112 is provided in front of the third chamber 111, the diameter of the third chamber 111 is larger than the diameter of the fourth chamber 112, a first valve body 154 is installed in the third chamber 111, a first valve stem spring 153 is installed behind the first valve body 154, a hollow first valve stem 152 is installed in front of the first valve body 154, the diameter of the first valve stem 152 is smaller than the diameter of the fourth chamber 112, at least one third through hole 163 is circumferentially provided on the side of the first valve stem 152 close to the first valve body 154, the third through hole 163 connects the central hollow part of the first valve stem 152 with the fourth chamber 112, and a first sealing gasket 153 is provided on the side of the first valve body 154 close to the first valve stem 152 5. Under the push of the first valve stem spring 153, the first sealing gasket 155 fits with the step at the junction of the third chamber 111 and the fourth chamber 112 to close the fluid passage between the fourth chamber 112 and the third chamber 111; under the push of external force, the first valve stem 152 drives the first sealing gasket 155 and the first valve body 154 to separate from the step at the junction of the third chamber 111 and the fourth chamber 112, and compresses the first valve stem spring 153 to connect the fluid passage between the fourth chamber 112 and the third chamber 111. The first pressurizing piston 150 is installed on the periphery of the first valve stem 152. The first pressurizing piston 150 is slidably matched with the wall of the fourth chamber 112, and the first docking sealing ring 151 is installed in front of the first valve stem 152.

[0132] See also Figure 3 The third chamber 111 is connected to the first fluid hose 101 through the channel 164 .

[0133] See also Figure 3 A delayed closing assembly is installed behind the first valve stem spring 153, and the delayed closing assembly includes a delayed closing device body 156, a delayed closing piston 158, a connecting rod 159, a second fixing member 162, a first through hole 157, and a second through hole 161;

[0134] The front of the first valve stem spring 153 is fixed to the first valve body 154, and the rear is fixed to the delayed closing device body 156. A cavity is opened in the delayed closing device body 156, and a delayed closing piston 158 is slidably fitted in the cavity. A first through hole 157 is provided at the rear of the delayed closing device body 156, and the first through hole 157 is communicated with the cavity of the third chamber 111. A second through hole 161 is provided in the front of the delayed closing device body 156, and a connecting rod 159 passes through the second through hole 161, and the connecting rod 159 and the second through hole 161 are clearance-fitted.

[0135] One end of the connecting rod 159 is connected to the delayed closing piston 158 , and the other end is fixed to the first valve body 154 and the first valve stem 152 via a second fixing member 162 . A bypass groove 160 is provided on the side of the connecting rod 159 close to the delayed closing piston 158 .

[0136] The bypass groove 160 is required to be set in the following position: when the connecting rod 159 moves forward to the extreme position, the bypass groove 160 of the connecting rod 159 just exposes the second through hole 161. At this time, the cavity between the delayed closing piston 158 and the valve body 154 side of the delayed closing device body 156 and the cavity connecting passage of the third chamber 111 becomes larger; conversely, when the connecting rod 159 moves backward, the bypass groove 160 of the connecting rod 159 completely enters the second through hole 161 and the delayed closing device body 156. At this time, the cavity between the delayed closing piston 158 and the valve body 154 side of the delayed closing device body 156 and the cavity connecting passage of the third chamber 111 becomes smaller.

[0137] When docking, the external force pushes the valve stem 152, the valve body 154, the connecting rod 159 and the delayed closing piston 158 to move backward synchronously, and the bypass groove 160 on the connecting rod 159 completely enters the second through hole 161 and the delayed closing device body 156, and the connecting passage between the chamber in front of the delayed closing piston 158 and the third chamber 111 becomes smaller, while the connecting passage between the chamber behind the delayed closing piston 158 and the third chamber 111 remains unchanged. After the pressures in the front and rear chambers of the delayed closing piston 158 are equal, the delayed closing piston 158 is in a pressure balance state;

[0138] When the two pairs of joints 103 are separated, the external thrust of the valve stem 152 is lost, and the valve stem spring 153 intends to push the valve body 154 and the valve stem 152 forward to close the valve port. At this time, the fluid pressure in the chamber behind the delayed closing piston 158 is consistent with the third chamber 111 through the first through hole 157, while the fluid pressure in the chamber in front of the delayed closing piston 158 decreases slowly due to the smaller communication path with the third chamber 111, which increases the resistance to the forward movement of the delayed closing piston 158 and delays the closing time of the valve body 154, so that the pressure fluid in each chamber including the first fluid hose 101 can be discharged into the atmosphere through the temporarily unclosed valve port, thereby realizing automatic braking in situ after the separation of the locomotive and vehicle, and preventing the locomotive and vehicle from accidentally slipping away.

[0139] A bypass groove 160 is provided on the connecting rod 159 cooperating with the second through hole 161 near the delayed closing piston 158, which is equivalent to providing a shrinkage plug which can automatically adjust the aperture in front of the delayed closing piston 158, thereby realizing the delayed closing function of the valve body 154 after the separation of the locomotive and the vehicle.

[0140] The pressurizing piston 150 can increase the docking pressure of the two docking sealing rings 151 by means of the fluid pressure in the cavity of the fourth chamber 112 when the two pairs of joints 103 are docked. The greater the fluid pressure in the cavity of the fourth chamber 112, the greater the docking pressure of the two docking sealing rings 151. In this way, the sealing effect of the docking surfaces of the two docking sealing rings 151 is enhanced to ensure that the docking sealing surfaces do not leak.

[0141] A fluid passage is provided between the periphery of the delayed closing device body 156 and the third chamber 111 , so as to facilitate the mutual flow of the fluid in the third chamber 111 and the fluid in the first fluid hose 101 .

[0142] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4 and Figure 5 A fifth chamber 113 is provided inside the joint 103, a sixth chamber 114 is provided in front of the fifth chamber 113, the diameter of the fifth chamber 113 is larger than the diameter of the sixth chamber 114, a second valve body 185 is installed in the fifth chamber 113, a second valve stem spring 184 is installed behind the second valve body 185, a hollow second valve stem 182 is installed in front of the second valve body 185, the diameter of the second valve stem 182 is smaller than the diameter of the sixth chamber 114, and the second valve stem 182 is close to the At least one fourth through hole 183 is circumferentially provided on the side of the second valve body 185. The fourth through hole 183 connects the central hollow portion of the second valve stem 182 with the sixth chamber 114. A second sealing gasket 186 is provided on the side of the second valve body 185 close to the second valve stem 182. Under the push of the second valve stem spring 184, the second sealing gasket 186 fits with the step at the junction of the fifth chamber 113 and the sixth chamber 114 to close the fluid passage between the sixth chamber 114 and the fifth chamber 113.

[0143] Driven by external force, the second valve stem 182 drives the second sealing gasket 186 to separate from the step at the junction of the fifth chamber 113 and the sixth chamber 114, and compresses the second valve stem spring 184 to connect the fluid passage of the sixth chamber 114 with the fifth chamber 113. A second pressurizing piston 180 is installed on the periphery of the second valve stem 182. The second pressurizing piston 180 slides with the wall of the sixth chamber 114, and a second docking sealing ring 181 is installed in front of the second valve stem 182.

[0144] A rear cover 187 is disposed at the rear of the fifth chamber 113 , and the rear cover 187 is communicated with the second fluid hose 189 through a fifth through hole 188 .

[0145] The second fluid docking device is provided to provide pressurized air to the control system of the present invention without affecting the pressure change in the first fluid hose 101 .

[0146] The front end of the second valve stem spring 184 is fixed to the second valve body 185 , and the rear end is fixed to the rear cover 187 .

[0147] See also Figure 5 The butt joint 103 is provided with a transmission line butt joint device, which includes: a butt joint electrode 200, an electrode mounting body 201, a butt joint surface sealing ring 203, a first torsion spring 204, a dust cover push rod 205, a dust cover 206, a dust cover rotating pin 207, a first push plate 208, a second protrusion 209, and a second recessed portion 210;

[0148] The butt joint 103 is provided with at least one electrode mounting body 201, in which at least one butt joint electrode 200 is fixed, the butt joint electrode 200 is connected to the transmission line 102, an insulating member is provided between the butt joint electrode 200 and the electrode mounting body 201, the electrode mounting body 201 is provided with a butt joint surface 202 which is parallel to the butt joint surface of the butt joint 103, a butt joint surface sealing ring 203 is provided on the periphery of the butt joint surface 202, dust cover rotating pins 207 are provided at the upper and lower parts of the electrode mounting body 201, the dust cover 206 can rotate around the dust cover rotating pin 207, at least one side of the dust cover rotating pin 207 is provided with a first torsion spring 204, the first torsion spring 205 is provided with a first torsion spring 206, and the first torsion spring 207 is provided with a first torsion spring 207. One end of a torsion spring 204 steel wire is against the body of the docking joint 103, and the other end of the steel wire is fixed on the dust cover 206, so that the dust cover 206 can automatically rotate around the dust cover rotating pin 207 and cover the docking surface 202 under the torsion force of the first torsion spring 204, and the dust cover 206 is provided with a dust cover push rod 205, and the dust cover push rod 205 can overcome the reverse torsion of the first torsion spring 204 under the push of external force, drive the dust cover 206 to rotate, and open the docking surface 202. The other side of the center line of the docking joint 103 is provided with a first push plate 208 corresponding to the dust cover push rod 205, and the head of the first push plate 208 exceeds the docking surface 202;

[0149] When the butt joints 103 at both ends are butted against each other, the first push plate 208 of the butt joint 103 at one end pushes the dust cover push rod 205 of the butt joint 103 at the other end, and drives the dust cover 206 to rotate around the dust cover rotary pin 207, so as to open the butt joint surface 202 of the butt joint 103 at the other end; when the butt joint surfaces of the butt joints 103 at both ends are in contact with each other, the butt joint surface sealing rings 203 at both ends press the butt joint surfaces 202 and the butt joint electrodes 200 against each other, and at the same time, the butt joint electrodes 200 at both ends are inserted into each other's butt joint electrodes 200, so as to realize automatic butt joint of the butt joint electrodes 200;

[0150] When the butt joints 103 at both ends are separated, the first push plate 208 at one end leaves the dust cover push rod 205 at the other end, and the dust cover 206 rotates around the dust cover rotating pin 207 under the torsion of the first torsion spring 204 at the other end, covering the butt joint surface 202 at the other end, and at the same time, the butt joint electrodes 200 at both ends slide out from each other's butt joint electrodes 200, realizing automatic separation of the butt joint electrodes 200;

[0151] The butt joint surface of the butt joint 103 is provided with a second protrusion 209 and a second recess 210 .

[0152] When the butt joints 103 at both ends are butt jointed, the second protrusion 209 and the second recess 210 at one end are guided and aligned with the second recess 210 and the second protrusion 209 at the other end, so that the two butt joint electrodes 200 are accurately aligned with each other.

[0153] The electrode docking device can realize accurate docking of electrodes and ensure dust and water proof requirements during electrode docking and separation.

[0154] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 and Figure 6 , a mounting plate 271 is arranged away from the opening direction of the mounting box 272, a mounting bottom plate 270 is arranged on the side of the mounting plate 271 away from the mechanical docking block 106, the mounting bottom plate 270 is fixed to the outside, and the mounting plate 271 and the mounting bottom plate 270 are fixed by a fourth fixing member 294;

[0155] A hollow swivel seat 286 is provided on the side of the mounting plate 271 close to the mounting box 272, and a hollow clamping seat 285 is provided on the side of the mounting box 272 close to the mounting plate 271 corresponding to the hollow swivel seat 286. The hollow swivel seat 286 and the hollow clamping seat 285 are connected via a swivel mandrel 287, and the swivel mandrel 287 is fixed via a third fixing member 288, so that the mounting box 272 is suspended on the mounting plate 271, and the mounting box 272 can be turned up and down around the swivel mandrel 287. A movable joint is provided between the swivel mandrel 287 and the hollow swivel seat 286, and the hollow swivel seat 286 is hinged to the swivel mandrel 287, so that the mounting box 272 can swing left and right relative to the mounting plate 271;

[0156] The same tension springs 289 are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the installation box 272, and the tension springs 289 are connected to the tension spring hanging rings 290 correspondingly arranged on the installation plate 271 and the installation box 272, and the tension spring hanging ring 290 on the installation plate 271 is obliquely above the tension spring hanging ring 290 on the installation box 272;

[0157] At least one side of the tension spring hanging ring 290 is provided with a screw 291, and the screw 291 is connected to the screw seat 292 on the adjacent mounting plate 271 or the mounting box 272, and the screw 291 is provided with an adjusting nut 293. By rotating the adjusting nut 293, the tension of the tension spring 289 can be adjusted, and then the downward, upward and horizontal positions of the mounting box 272 and the mechanical docking block 106 carried by it can be adjusted;

[0158] See also Figure 1 and Figure 6 and Figure 8 A fixing device is provided on the mounting plate 271 and the mounting box 272, and the fixing device includes a first fixing cylinder 273, a second fixing cylinder 274, a fixing spring 275, a first fixing pin 276, a second fixing pin 277, a connecting plate 278, a first fixing seat 279, a second fixing seat 280, a third protrusion 281, a third recessed portion 282, a second push plate 283, and a fixing pin push rod 284;

[0159] The first fixed cylinder 273 and the second fixed cylinder 274 are fixed on both sides of the mounting plate 271, respectively. The first fixed seat 279 and the second fixed seat 280 are fixed on both sides of the mounting box 272, respectively. The first fixed cylinder 273 and the second fixed cylinder 274 correspond to the first fixed seat 279 and the second fixed seat 280, respectively. The first fixed cylinder 273 is provided with an eighth chamber 116, the second fixed cylinder 274 is provided with a ninth chamber 117, the eighth chamber 116 is penetrated with a first fixing pin 276, the ninth chamber 117 is penetrated with a second fixing pin 277, and the first fixing pin 276 and the second fixing pin 277 are slidably matched with the eighth chamber 116 and the ninth chamber 117, respectively.

[0160] The first fixing pin 276 and the second fixing pin 277 are respectively provided with third protrusions 281 near the first fixing seat 279 and the second fixing seat 280, and the first fixing seat 279 and the second fixing seat 280 are respectively provided with third recesses 282 near the first fixing cylinder 273 and the second fixing cylinder 274, and the third protrusions 281 correspond to the third recesses 282 and have matching sizes;

[0161] At least one of the eighth chamber 116 and the ninth chamber 117 is provided with a fixing spring 275 and a first air inlet hole 390, a first ventilation hole 391, and a first exhaust hole 392. The fixing spring 275 is arranged on the side away from the third protrusion 281, the first air inlet hole 390 is arranged on the side close to the third protrusion 281, the first exhaust hole 392 is arranged on the side away from the third protrusion 281, and the first ventilation hole 391 is arranged between the first air inlet hole 390 and the first exhaust hole 392. When there is no pressurized air in the first air inlet hole 390, the fixing spring 275 pushes the second fixing pin 277 to the extreme position in the direction of the second fixing seat 280, so that the third protrusion 281 extends into the second fixing seat 2 The mounting box 272 is placed in the third recessed portion 282 of the mounting plate 271, thereby fixing the mounting box 272 relatively to the mounting plate 271, and at the same time, the passage between the first air inlet hole 390 and the first air exchange hole 391 is cut off, and the passage between the first air exchange hole 391 and the first exhaust hole 392 is connected; when the first air inlet hole 390 enters the pressurized air, the second fixing pin 277 moves away from the second fixing seat 280 while compressing the fixing spring 275, thereby separating the third protruding portion 281 from the third recessed portion 282, and the mounting box 272 can swing freely relative to the mounting plate 271, and at the same time, the passage between the first air inlet hole 390 and the first air exchange hole 391 is connected, and the passage between the first air exchange hole 391 and the first exhaust hole 392 is cut off;

[0162] See also Figure 7A fixed pin push rod 284 is arranged next to the first fixed pin 276 and the second fixed pin 277. The connecting plate 278 connects the fixed pin push rod 284, the first fixed pin 276 and the second fixed pin 277 together to form a linkage mechanism. A second push plate 283 is arranged near the docking surface of the mechanical docking block 106, and the second push plate 283 corresponds to the fixed pin push rod 284 of the docking party.

[0163] When docking, the first air inlet 390 of the active docking end fixing device enters pressurized air, so that the second fixing pin 277 drives the first fixing pin 276 and the fixing pin push rod 284 to retract through the connecting plate 278, so that the third protrusion 281 of the second fixing pin 277 and the first fixing pin 276 are respectively away from the third recessed portion 282 of the first fixing seat 279 and the second fixing seat 280, so that the installation box 272 and the mechanical docking block 106 of the active docking end can swing freely relative to the installation plate 271;

[0164] As the mechanical docking block 106 at the active docking end extends, the second push plate 283 at the active docking end pushes the fixed pin push rod 284 at the passive docking end, so that it drives the second fixed pin 277 and the first fixed pin 276 at the passive docking end to retract through the connecting plate 278. Then, the third protrusions 281 at the heads of the second fixed pin 277 and the first fixed pin 276 at the passive docking end are respectively away from the third recessed portions 282 of the first fixed seat 279 and the second fixed seat 280 at the passive docking end. Then, the installation box 272 and the mechanical docking block 106 at the passive docking end can swing freely relative to the installation plate 271 at the passive docking end, so as to facilitate the mutual docking and guidance between the first protrusions 107 and the first recessed portions 108 of the mechanical docking block 106 at the active docking end and the mechanical docking block 106 at the passive docking end.

[0165] The fixing device is provided to prevent the installation box 272 and the mechanical docking block 106 carried by the locomotive from shaking arbitrarily during operation, thereby damaging the components. The installation box 272 and the mechanical docking block 106 carried by the fixing device are fixed. When the two mechanical docking blocks are docked, the fixing device can automatically release the fixing, so that the installation box 272 remains in a free swing state, which facilitates the docking of the two mechanical docking blocks 106; when the two mechanical docking blocks are separated, the fixing device can automatically apply fixing, so that the installation box 272 remains in a fixed state.

[0166] See also Figure 1 The mounting plate 271 is provided with a fourth position adjustment slot 296, which can adjust the vertical mounting position of the mounting plate 271 relative to the mounting base plate 270, thereby adjusting the vertical position of the mounting box 272; the mounting base plate 270 is provided with a third position adjustment slot 295, which can adjust the left and right position of the mounting plate 271 relative to the mounting base plate 270, thereby adjusting the left and right mounting position of the mounting box 272;

[0167] See also Fig. 9The switch magnet device is a magnetic seat, which can switch the external magnetic force. The switch magnet device includes a magnet 430, a rotating handle 431, a cover plate 432, a magnetic seat body 433, an attraction surface 434, a magnetic blocking sheet 435, and a second torsion spring 436;

[0168] The magnetic base body 433 is divided into two halves by a magnetic blocking sheet 435. A hole with an open end is provided in the center of the magnetic base body 433. A cylindrical magnet 430 is rotatably fitted in the hole. The rotating handle 431 cooperates with the magnet 430 from the open end of the hole through a protruding portion and a recessed portion that cooperates therewith. When the rotating handle 431 is manually rotated, the magnet 430 can be driven to rotate synchronously. A limited stopper is provided on the mating surface of the cover plate 432 and the rotating handle 431 to limit the rotation angle of the rotating handle 431 and the magnet 430 to the range of 0° to 90°. A second torsion spring 436 is sleeved on the shaft of the rotating handle 431. One end of the second torsion spring 436 is fixed on the cover plate 432, and the other end abuts against the rotating handle 431.

[0169] When there is no external force, the second torsion spring 436 pushes the rotating handle 431 and the magnet 430 to rotate to the extreme position of 0°, so that the attraction surface 434 generates an external magnetic attraction force; when the external force overcomes the elastic force of the second torsion spring 436 and pushes the rotating handle 431 and the magnet 430 to rotate to the other extreme position of 90°, the attraction surface 434 has no external magnetic attraction force.

[0170] Support arc surfaces 437 are provided on both sides of the magnetic base body 433, and their function is to support the weight of the switch magnet device through the arc surface of the inner wall of the docking hole 105, so that the second driving rod (262) connected to the switch magnet device and the driving cylinder (260) remain concentric.

[0171] The attraction surface 434 is connected to the docking joint 103 , and a switchable magnetic magnet device is provided to facilitate manual separation or connection of the switch magnetic magnet device and the docking joint 103 .

[0172] See also Fig.10 , the first vent hole 393 is connected to one end of the seventh air pipe 326, the other end of the seventh air pipe 326 is connected to one end of the sixth air pipe 325, and the other end of the sixth air pipe 325 is connected to one end of the fifth air pipe 324;

[0173] The other end of the fifth air pipe 324 is connected to the internal cavity of the second fixed cylinder 274 through the first air exchange hole 391. The second fixed cylinder 274 is provided with a first air inlet hole 390, a first air exchange hole 391, a first exhaust hole 392, a second fixed pin 277 and a fixed spring 275. When pressurized air enters the first air inlet hole 390, the second fixed pin 277 moves and compresses the fixed spring 275, connecting the first air inlet hole 390 and the first air exchange hole 391, and cutting off the passage between the first air exchange hole 391 and the first exhaust hole 392; when there is no pressurized air in the first air inlet hole 390, the fixed spring 275 pushes the second fixed pin 277 to move, and cuts off the passage between the first air inlet hole 390 and the first air exchange hole 391, connecting the passage between the first air exchange hole 391 and the first exhaust hole 392.

[0174] The first air inlet hole 390 is connected to one end of the fourth air pipe 323, and the other end of the fourth air pipe 323 is connected to one end of the third air pipe 322 through the first air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 412. One end of the first air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 412 is provided with a first control end 370, and the other end is provided with a first return spring 350. When the first control end 370 is energized, the valve core moves to communicate with the fourth air pipe 323 and the third air pipe 322; when the first control end 370 is not energized, the first return spring 350 pushes the valve core to move in the opposite direction to isolate the fourth air pipe 323 from the third air pipe 322, and the fourth air pipe 323 is connected to the atmosphere. The other end of the third air pipe 322 is connected to one end of the second air pipe 321 through the filter 411, and the other end of the second air pipe 321 is connected to one end of the first air pipe 320 through the air circuit on-off valve 410, and the other end of the first air pipe 320 is connected to the air source.

[0175] The other end of the sixth air pipe 325 is connected to the second air inlet hole 394 of the second chamber 110. When the first protrusion 107 pushes the docking detection plunger 241 in the first recessed portion 108 to the extreme position, the second air inlet hole 394 is connected to the second air exchange hole 395, and the passage between the second air exchange hole 395 and the second air exhaust hole 396 is blocked. The connection between the second air inlet hole 394 and the second air exchange hole 395 determines that the two mechanical docking blocks 106 have been docked in place.

[0176] When the first protrusion 107 is away from the first recess 108, the docking detection spring 242 pushes the docking detection plunger 241 to the first recess 108 to the extreme position, cutting off the passage between the second air inlet 394 and the second air exchange hole 395, and connecting the passage between the second air exchange hole 395 and the second air exhaust hole 396. By cutting off the passage between the second air inlet 394 and the second air exchange hole 395, it is determined that the two mechanical docking blocks 106 have been separated.

[0177] The second air exchange hole 395 is communicated with one end of the eighth air pipe 327, and the other end of the eighth air pipe 327 is communicated with one end of the ninth air pipe 328 through the second air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 413. One end of the second air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 413 is provided with a second control end 371, and the other end is provided with a second return spring 351. When the second control end 371 is energized, the valve core moves to cut off the passage between the eighth air pipe 327 and the ninth air pipe 328, and at the same time, the ninth air pipe 328 is connected to the atmosphere; when the second control end 371 is not powered, the second return spring 351 pushes the valve core to move in the opposite direction, connects the passage between the eighth air pipe 327 and the ninth air pipe 328, and at the same time, cuts off the passage between the ninth air pipe 328 and the atmosphere.

[0178] The other end of the ninth air pipe 328 is communicated with the third air inlet 397 of the seventh chamber 115. The seventh chamber 115 is provided with an unlocking piston 140, an unlocking rod 139, a first unlocking rod spring 141, a second unlocking rod spring 142, a third air inlet 397, a third air exchange hole 398, and a third air exhaust hole 399. When the third air inlet 397 enters with pressurized air, the unlocking piston 140 is pushed to move and compress the first unlocking rod spring 141, so that the unlocking rod 139 extends out, and at the same time, the passage of the third air inlet 397 is connected with the third air exchange hole 398, and the passage of the third air exchange hole 398 with the third air exhaust hole 399 is cut off. Through the communication between the passage of the third air inlet 397 and the passage of the third air exchange hole 398, it is determined that the lock sleeve 130 of the docking joint 103 has been unlocked in place.

[0179] When there is no pressurized air in the third air inlet hole 397, the unlocking piston 140 is located in the middle position of the seventh chamber 115 under the action of the first unlocking rod spring 141 and the second unlocking rod spring 142, and at the same time cuts off the passage between the third air inlet hole 397 and the third air exchange hole 398, and connects the passage between the third air exchange hole 398 and the third exhaust hole 399.

[0180] The third ventilation hole 398 is connected to one end of the tenth air pipe 329, the other end of the tenth air pipe 329 is connected to one end of the eleventh air pipe 330 through the shrink plug 414, the other end of the eleventh air pipe 330 is connected to the third air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 415, one end of the sixth air pipe 325 is connected to one end of the fifteenth air pipe 334, the other end of the fifteenth air pipe 334 is connected to the third air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 415, the tenth air pipe 329 and the fifteenth air pipe 334 are connected to the twelfth air pipe 331 through the third air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 415. The third air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 415 is provided with a third control end 372 and a third return spring 352. When the third control end 372 is energized, the valve core moves to connect the fifteenth air pipe 334 with the twelfth air pipe 331, and at the same time cuts off the passage between the tenth air pipe 329 and the twelfth air pipe 331; when the third control end 372 is not energized, the third return spring 352 pushes the valve core to move in the reverse direction, cuts off the passage between the fifteenth air pipe 334 and the twelfth air pipe 331, and at the same time connects the passage between the tenth air pipe 329 and the twelfth air pipe 331.

[0181] The other end of the twelfth air pipe 331 is communicated with the two-position five-way reversing valve 416 of the first air circuit, the second air vent 400 is communicated with one end of the thirteenth air pipe 332, the other end of the thirteenth air pipe 332 is communicated with the two-position five-way reversing valve 416 of the first air circuit, the third air vent 401 is communicated with one end of the fourteenth air pipe 333, the other end of the fourteenth air pipe 333 is communicated with the two-position five-way reversing valve 416 of the first air circuit, the thirteenth air pipe 332 and the fourteenth air pipe 333 are communicated with the two air vents and the twelfth air pipe 331 through the two-position five-way reversing valve 416 of the first air circuit, and the two-position five-way reversing valve 416 of the first air circuit is communicated with the three-position five-way reversing valve 416 of the first air circuit. 16 is provided with a fourth control end 373 and a fourth return spring 353. When the fourth control end 373 is powered, the valve core moves to connect the twelfth air pipe 331 with the fourteenth air pipe 333, and at the same time connect the thirteenth air pipe 332 to the atmosphere, and the second drive rod 262 drives the switch magnet device or the docking joint 103 to retract; when the fourth control end 373 is not powered, the fourth return spring 353 pushes the valve core to move in the opposite direction, so that the twelfth air pipe 331 is connected with the thirteenth air pipe 332, and at the same time connects the fourteenth air pipe 333 to the atmosphere, and the second drive rod 262 pushes the switch magnet device or the docking joint 103 to extend.

[0182] Principles of Automatic Control (see Fig.10 ):

[0183] 1. Docking control principle of the active docking end-to-end connector 103 and the passive docking end-to-end connector 103:

[0184] 1.1 Condition before docking

[0185] 1.1.1 The first gas circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 412, the second gas circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 413, the third gas circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 415, and the first gas circuit two-position five-way reversing valve 416 are all in a power-off state.

[0186] 1.1.2 The fixing spring 275 pushes the third protrusion 281 of the first fixing pin 276 and the second fixing pin 277 to be inserted into the third recess 282 to prevent the installation box 272 from shaking freely during the operation of the locomotive.

[0187] 1.1.3 The mechanical docking block 106 is pushed to the innermost side of the installation box 272 by the first drive piston spring 223, the docking electrode 200 is covered in the docking surface 202 by the dust cover 206, and the docking detection plunger 241 is pushed to the side of the sixth through hole 240 of the first recessed portion 108 by the docking detection spring 242.

[0188] 1.2 Implementation of docking

[0189] 1.2.1 The first gas circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 412 is energized

[0190] 1.2.1.1 Unfasten the installation box 272

[0191] The air source, the first air pipe 320, the air circuit on-off valve 410, the second air pipe 321, the filter 411, the third air pipe 322, the first air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 412 (electrically connected), the fourth air pipe 323, and the first air inlet 390 push the second fixing pin 277 in the second fixing cylinder 274 to retract, so that the third protrusion 281 of the second fixing pin 277 withdraws from the third recess 282, and the second fixing pin 277 is separated from the second fixing seat 280, and at the same time, the first fixing pin 276 is driven to separate from the first fixing seat 279 through the connecting plate 278, and the installation box 272 at the active docking end resumes a free activity state;

[0192] 1.2.1.2 Active docking end mechanical docking block 106 docks with passive docking end mechanical docking block 106

[0193] After the second fixing pin 277 is retracted, the first air inlet 390 is connected to the first air exchange hole 391, forming the following passage:

[0194] The compressed air passes through the first ventilation hole 391, the fifth air pipe 324, the sixth air pipe 325, the seventh air pipe 326, the first ventilation hole 393, and the first chamber 109, and pushes the first driving rod 220 to extend and compress the first driving piston spring 223. Since the head of the first driving rod 220 is fixed to the installation box 272 by the first fixing member 221 (see Figure 2), the installation box 272 pushes the mechanical docking block 106 back through the first driving rod 220, and the mechanical docking block 106 slides out along the first slide rail 300 through the second slide rail 301, and docks with the two mechanical docking blocks 106 under the mutual guidance of the first protrusion 107 and the first recessed portion 108 at the active docking end and the first recessed portion 108 and the first protrusion 107 at the passive docking end.

[0195] 1.2.1.3 Mechanical docking block 106 alignment status detection

[0196] During the docking process between the active docking end mechanical docking block 106 and the passive docking end mechanical docking block 106, the first protrusion 107 of the passive docking end pushes the docking detection plunger 241 in the first recess 108 of the active docking end, causing it to move toward the mounting plate 271 and compress the docking detection spring 242 to the extreme position, connecting the second air inlet 394 and the second air exchange hole 395 of the active docking end, while cutting off the passage from the second air exchange hole 395 to the second exhaust hole 396. The connection between the second air inlet 394 and the second air exchange hole 395 confirms that the active docking end mechanical docking block 106 and the passive docking end mechanical docking block 106 are docked in place.

[0197] 1.2.1.4 Unlocking the Locking Ball 134

[0198] The pressurized air flows through the second air exchange hole 395 , the eighth air pipe 327 , the second air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 413 (without electrical conduction), the ninth air pipe 328 , and the third air inlet hole 397 .

[0199] The compressed air enters the fifth chamber 113, causing the unlocking piston 140 to push the unlocking rod 139 (see Figure 4 ) moves forward and compresses the first unlocking rod spring 141, the unlocking rod 139 pushes the lock sleeve 130 forward until it touches the first unlocking stop 137, at which time the second retreat groove 132 of the lock sleeve 130 corresponds to the locking ball 134, and the locking ball 134 of the active docking end is unlocked; at the same time, because the lock sleeve 130 of the active docking end moves forward, its first retreat groove 131 extends into the outer surface of the docking seat 104 of the passive docking end, pushing the lock sleeve 130 of the passive docking end to move backward, so that the first retreat groove 131 of the lock sleeve 130 of the passive docking end corresponds to its locking ball 134, and the locking ball 134 of the passive docking end is also unlocked at the same time.

[0200] 1.2.1.5 Active docking end butt joint 103 and passive docking end butt joint 110

[0201] After the unlocking rod 139 is extended to the extreme position, the unlocking piston 140 thereof opens the third air exchange hole 398, forming the following passage:

[0202] The pressurized air in the fifth chamber 113 passes through the third ventilation hole 398, the tenth air pipe 329, the shrink plug 414, the eleventh air pipe 330, the third air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 415 (no electrical conduction), the twelfth air pipe 331, the first air circuit two-position five-way reversing valve 416 (no electrical conduction), the thirteenth air pipe 332, and the second ventilation hole 400.

[0203] At the same time, the third vent hole 401, the fourteenth air pipe 333, the first air circuit two-position five-way reversing valve 416 (no electrical conduction), and the atmosphere.

[0204] The second driving rod 262 pushes the docking head 103 to move into the docking hole 105 at the passive docking end through the switch magnet device (see Figure 4 ), and press the passive butt joint 103, so that the active butt joint 103 and the passive butt joint 103 push each other's first valve stem 152 and second valve stem 182 (see Figure 4 , Figure 3 ), so that the first valve body 154 and the second valve body 185 move backward and compress the first valve stem spring 153 and the second valve stem spring 184 respectively, open the respective first valve ports and the second valve ports, and connect the fluid passages from the first fluid hose 101 at the active docking end to the first fluid hose 101 at the passive docking end, and from the second fluid hose 189 at the active docking end to the second fluid hose 189 at the passive docking end.

[0205] When the second driving rod 262 is pushed forward, the first push plate 208 of the active butt joint 103 pushes the dust cover push rod 205 of the passive butt joint 103, and the first push plate 208 of the passive butt joint 103 pushes the dust cover push rod 205 of the active butt joint 103 (see Figure 5 ), so that the dust covers 206 on the two pairs of connectors 103 are opened, and as the second driving rod 262 continues to push, the second protrusion 209 and the second recessed portion 210 of the connector 103 at the active docking end are inserted into the second recessed portion 210 and the second protrusion 209 of the connector 103 at the passive docking end to achieve the alignment of the docking surfaces, and as the second driving rod 262 continues to move forward, the docking electrode 200 of the connector 103 at the active docking end is inserted into the docking electrode 200 of the connector 103 at the passive docking end to achieve electrode docking, until the two docking surfaces are completely fitted.

[0206] 1.2.2 Locking joint 103

[0207] The second gas path two-position three-way reversing valve 413 is energized to form the following passage:

[0208] The pressurized air in the fifth chamber 113 passes through the fourth air inlet 397, the ninth air pipe 328, the second air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 413 (electrically connected), and the atmosphere.

[0209] The unlocking piston 140 and the unlocking rod 139 of the active docking end, under the joint action of the first unlocking rod spring 141 and the second unlocking rod spring 142, the unlocking piston 140 moves back to the middle position of the fifth chamber 113, and the lock sleeve 130 is driven back by the unlocking rod 139. Since the lock sleeve 130 of the active docking end returns to the docking seat 104 of the active docking end (in 1.2.1.4 unlocking the locking ball 134, the lock sleeve 130 of the active docking end extends into the outer surface of the docking seat 104 of the passive docking end), the unlocking piston 140 and the unlocking rod 139 of the passive docking end, under the joint action of the first unlocking rod spring 141 and the second unlocking rod spring 142 Under the joint action of the unlocking piston 140, the unlocking piston 140 moves back to the middle position of the fifth chamber 113, and the unlocking rod 139 drives the locking sleeve 130 to move back at the same time, so that the locking boss 136 of the locking sleeve 130 pushes the locking ball 134 part into the annular locking groove 135 of the docking joint 103 of the active docking end, and locks the active docking end docking joint 103 in the docking hole 105 of the passive docking end, and the two pairs of first docking sealing rings 151, second docking sealing rings 181 and docking electrodes 200 of the active docking end docking joint 103 and the passive docking end docking joint 103 are maintained in a docking and pressing state, and the first valve body 154 and the second valve body 185 are kept in an open state.

[0210] Since the unlocking piston 140 at the active docking end moves to the middle position of the fifth chamber 113 under the mutual push of the first unlocking rod spring 141 and the second unlocking rod spring 142, the third ventilation hole 398 is connected to the third exhaust hole 399, forming the following passage:

[0211] The driving cylinder 260, the second air hole 400, the thirteenth air pipe 332, the first air circuit two-position five-way reversing valve 416 (no electrical conduction), the twelfth air pipe 331, the third air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 415, the eleventh air pipe 330, the shrink plug 414, the tenth air pipe 329, the third air exchange hole 398, and the third exhaust hole 399.

[0212] The pressurized air of the driving cylinder 260 is slowly discharged into the atmosphere from the third exhaust hole 399 through the shrinkage plug 414 (the purpose of setting the shrinkage plug 414 in this pipeline is to make the air pressure of the driving cylinder 260 drop slower than the locking of the locking sleeve 130 on the docking joint 103, so as to prevent the driving cylinder 260 from losing the thrust on the docking joint 103 when the docking joint 103 is not locked in place, resulting in the docking joint 103 not being locked in place).

[0213] 1.2.3 Retraction of the second driving rod 262

[0214] The third gas path two-position three-way reversing valve 415 and the first gas path two-position five-way reversing valve 416 are energized at the same time to form the following passage:

[0215] The fifth air pipe 324 , the fifteenth air pipe 334 , the third air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 415 (electrically connected), the twelfth air pipe 331 , the first air circuit two-position five-way reversing valve 416 (electrically connected), the fourteenth air pipe 333 , and the third vent 401 .

[0216] The second vent hole 400, the thirteenth air pipe 332, the first air circuit two-position five-way reversing valve 416 (electrically connected), and the atmosphere.

[0217] The pressurized air pushes the second driving piston 261 and the second driving rod 262 to move toward the mounting plate 271. The second driving rod 262 intends to pull the docking joint 103 of the active docking end to retract through the switch magnet device. At this time, the docking joint 103 of the active docking end has been locked by the locking ball 134 of the passive docking end. Under the strong pull of the second driving rod 262, the switch magnet device is separated from the docking joint 103 of the active docking end, and only the second driving rod 262 drives the switch magnet device to retract (this process can be used to check whether the docking joint 103 of the active docking end is locked in place and securely).

[0218] 1.2.4 Mechanical docking block 106 retracts

[0219] The first gas path two-position three-way reversing valve 412 is de-energized to form the following passage:

[0220] 1.2.4.1 The first air inlet 390, the fourth air pipe 323, the first air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 412,

[0221] The fixing spring 275 pushes the second fixing pin 277 and drives the first fixing pin 276 to move to the extreme position in the direction of the first fixing seat 279 and the second fixing seat 280 through the connecting plate 278, so that the installation box 272 and the mechanical docking block 106 are relatively fixed, and at the same time, the first ventilation hole 391 is connected to the first exhaust hole 392, forming the following passage:

[0222] 1.2.4.2 The first ventilation hole 393, the seventh air pipe 326, the sixth air pipe 325, the fifth air pipe 324, the first ventilation hole 391, the first exhaust hole 392, and the atmosphere.

[0223] The first driving piston spring 223 is intended to push the first driving piston 222 and the first driving rod 220 to retract. Since the head of the first driving rod 220 is fixed to the mounting box 272 by the first fixing member 221 (see Figure 2 ), the first driving piston spring 223 can only push the mechanical docking block 106 to move, so that the active docking end mechanical docking block 106 is separated from the passive docking end mechanical docking block 106, and the active docking end mechanical docking block 106 retracts to the extreme end inside the installation box 272 along the first slide rail 300 through the second slide rail 301.

[0224] 1.2.5 Recovery

[0225] 1.2.5.1 Due to the push of the first driving piston spring 223, the mechanical docking block 106 is placed in the extreme position in the installation box 272 and fixed relative to the installation box 272 to prevent the mechanical docking block 106 from sliding freely relative to the installation box 272 during the operation of the locomotive;

[0226] 1.2.5.2 The fixing spring 275 pushes the first fixing pin 276 and the second fixing pin 277 to be inserted into the first fixing seat 279 and the second fixing seat 280 respectively, so that the installation box 272 is fixed relative to the installation plate 271 to prevent the installation box 272 from shaking freely during the operation of the locomotive;

[0227] 1.2.5.3 The two-position three-way reversing valve 413 of the second gas circuit loses power, cutting off the passage from the ninth gas pipe 328 to the atmosphere, while connecting the passages from the eighth gas pipe 327 to the ninth gas pipe 328;

[0228] 1.2.5.4 The two-position three-way reversing valve 415 of the third gas circuit loses power, connecting the passage from the eleventh gas pipe 330 to the twelfth gas pipe 331 and cutting off the passage from the fifteenth gas pipe 334 to the twelfth gas pipe 331;

[0229] 1.2.5.5 The two-position five-way reversing valve 416 of the first air circuit loses power, discharges the pressurized air in the driving cylinder 260, and connects the passages of the twelfth air pipe 331 and the thirteenth air pipe 332, and the passage of the fourteenth air pipe 333 and the atmosphere;

[0230] 1.2.5.6 The dust cover 206 of the active docking end docking electrode 200 and the dust cover 206 of the passive docking end docking electrode 200 cover their respective docking surfaces 202 under the push of their respective first torsion springs 204;

[0231] 1.2.5.7 The docking detection plungers 241 of the active docking end and the passive docking end are pushed to the side of the sixth through hole 240 of the first recessed portion 108 by the docking detection spring 242, cutting off the passage between the second air inlet hole 394 and the second ventilation hole 395, and connecting the passage between the second ventilation hole 395 and the second exhaust hole 396.

[0232] 2. Separation control principle of active docking end connector 103 and passive docking end connector 103:

[0233] 2.1 Condition before separation

[0234] 2.1.1 The first gas circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 412, the second gas circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 413, the third gas circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 415, and the first gas circuit two-position five-way reversing valve 416 are all in the power-off state;

[0235] 2.1.2 The fixing spring 275 pushes the third protrusion 281 of the first fixing pin 276 and the second fixing pin 277 to be inserted into the third recess 282 to prevent the installation box 272 from shaking freely during the operation of the locomotive.

[0236] 2.1.3 The mechanical docking block 106 is pushed to the innermost side of the installation box 272 by the first driving piston spring 223, the active docking end docking joint 103 is locked in the passive docking end docking hole 105 by the passive docking end locking ball 134, and the docking detection plunger 240 is pushed to the side of the sixth through hole 240 of the first recessed portion 108 by the docking detection spring 242.

[0237] 2.2 Implementation of separation

[0238] 2.2.1 The first gas circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 412 is energized

[0239] 2.2.1.1 Unfasten the installation box 272

[0240] The air source, the first air pipe 320, the air circuit on-off valve 410, the second air pipe 321, the filter 411, the third air pipe 322, the first air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 412, the fourth air pipe 323, and the first air inlet 390 push the second fixing pin 277 in the second fixing cylinder 274 to retract, so that the second fixing pin 277 and the third protrusion 281 of the first fixing pin 276 withdraw from the third recess 282, and the second fixing pin 277 and the first fixing pin 276 are separated from the first fixing seat 279 and the second fixing seat 280 respectively, and the installation box 272 resumes a free activity state;

[0241] 2.2.1.2 Active docking end mechanical docking block 106 docking with passive docking end mechanical docking block 106

[0242] After the second fixing pin 277 is retracted, the first air inlet 390 is connected to the first air exchange hole 391, forming the following passage:

[0243] The compressed air passes through the first ventilation hole 391, the fifth air pipe 324, the sixth air pipe 325, the seventh air pipe 326, the first ventilation hole 393, and the first chamber 109, and pushes the first driving rod 220 to extend and compress the first driving piston spring 223. Since the head of the first driving rod 220 is fixed to the installation box 272 by the first fixing member 221 (see Figure 2 ), the installation box 272 pushes the mechanical docking block 106 backward through the first driving rod 220, and the mechanical docking block 106 slides out along the first slide rail 300 through the second slide rail 301, and docks with the two mechanical docking blocks 106 under the mutual guidance of the first protrusion 107 and the first recessed portion 108 at the active docking end and the first recessed portion 108 and the first protrusion 107 at the passive docking end.

[0244] 2.2.1.3 Mechanical docking block 106 alignment status detection

[0245] During the docking process between the active docking end mechanical docking block 106 and the passive docking end mechanical docking block 106, the first protrusion 107 of the passive docking end pushes the docking detection plunger 241 in the first recess 108 of the active docking end, causing it to move toward the mounting plate 271 and compress the docking detection spring 242 to the extreme position, connecting the second air inlet 394 and the second air exchange hole 395, while cutting off the passage from the second air exchange hole 395 to the second exhaust hole 396. The connection between the second air inlet 394 and the second air exchange hole 395 confirms that the active docking end mechanical docking block 106 and the passive docking end mechanical docking block 106 are docked in place.

[0246] 2.2.1.4 Unlocking the Locking Ball 134

[0247] The pressurized air flows through the second air exchange hole 395 , the eighth air pipe 327 , the second air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 413 (without electrical conduction), the ninth air pipe 328 , and the third air inlet hole 397 .

[0248] The compressed air enters the fifth chamber 113, causing the unlocking piston 140 to push the unlocking rod 139 (see Figure 4 ) moves toward the locking ball 134 and compresses the first unlocking rod spring 141. The unlocking rod 139 pushes the lock sleeve 130 forward until it touches the first unlocking stop 137. At this time, the second retreat groove 132 of the lock sleeve 130 corresponds to the locking ball 134, and the locking ball 134 of the active docking end is unlocked; at the same time, because the lock sleeve 130 of the active docking end moves forward, its first retreat groove 131 extends into the outer surface of the docking seat 104 of the passive docking end, pushing the lock sleeve 130 of the passive docking end to move backward, so that the first retreat groove 131 of the lock sleeve 130 of the passive docking end corresponds to its locking ball 134, and the locking ball 134 of the passive docking end is also unlocked at the same time.

[0249] 2.2.1.5 The switch magnet device is connected to the passive docking end connector 103

[0250] After the unlocking rod 139 is extended to the extreme position, the unlocking piston 140 thereof opens the third air exchange hole 398, forming the following passage:

[0251] The pressurized air in the fifth chamber 113 passes through the third ventilation hole 398, the tenth air pipe 329, the shrink plug 414, the eleventh air pipe 330, the third air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 415 (no electrical conduction), the twelfth air pipe 331, the first air circuit two-position five-way reversing valve 416 (no electrical conduction), the thirteenth air pipe 332, and the second ventilation hole 400.

[0252] At the same time, the third vent hole 401, the fourteenth air pipe 333, the first air circuit two-position five-way reversing valve 416 (no electrical conduction), and the atmosphere.

[0253] The second driving rod 262 of the active docking end is extended toward the docking hole 105 of the passive docking end, and the switch magnet device at the head thereof is connected to the docking joint 103 of the passive docking end.

[0254] 2.2.2 Active docking end butt joint 103 retracts

[0255] The third gas path two-position three-way reversing valve 415 and the first gas path two-position five-way reversing valve 416 are energized at the same time to form the following passage:

[0256] The fifth air pipe 324 , the fifteenth air pipe 334 , the third air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 415 (electrically connected), the twelfth air pipe 331 , the first air circuit two-position five-way reversing valve 416 (electrically connected), the fourteenth air pipe 333 , and the third vent 401 .

[0257] The second vent hole 400, the thirteenth air pipe 332, the first air circuit two-position five-way reversing valve 416 (electrically connected), and the atmosphere.

[0258] The pressurized air pushes the second driving piston 261 and the second driving rod 262 to move toward the mounting plate 271 , and the second driving rod 262 pulls the docking joint 103 of the active docking end to retract into the docking hole 105 of the active docking end through the switch magnet device.

[0259] 2.2.3 Delayed closing valve (see Figure 3 )

[0260] When the active docking end joint 103 is separated from the passive docking end joint 103, the external thrust of the first valve stems 152 of the two joints disappears. At this time, the fluid pressure in the chamber behind the delayed closing piston 158 decreases along with the chamber pressure of the third chamber 111 through the first through hole 157, while the fluid pressure in the chamber in front of the delayed closing piston 158 decreases slowly due to the smaller communication passage with the third chamber 111, which increases the forward resistance of the delayed closing piston 158 and delays the closing time of the first valve body 154, so that the pressure fluid in each chamber including the first fluid hose 101 can be discharged into the atmosphere through the valve port that is not temporarily closed, so that the connected locomotive and vehicle can be braked respectively.

[0261] 2.2.4 Locking joint 103

[0262] The second gas path two-position three-way reversing valve 413 is energized to form the following passage:

[0263] The pressurized air in the fifth chamber 113 passes through the third air inlet 397, the ninth air pipe 328, the second air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 413 (electrically connected), and the atmosphere.

[0264] Under the joint action of the unlocking piston 140, the unlocking rod 139, the first unlocking rod spring 141 and the second unlocking rod spring 142 at the active docking end, the unlocking piston 140 moves to the middle position of the fifth chamber 113, and at the same time, the unlocking rod 139 drives the lock sleeve 130 to move, and the locking boss 136 of the lock sleeve 130 faces the locking ball 134, so that the locking ball 134 locks the docking head 103 of the active docking end in the docking hole 105 of the active docking end, and at the same time, the lock sleeve of the passive docking end is locked. After the thrust of the lock sleeve 130 of the active docking end is lost, the unlocking piston 140 moves to the middle position of the fifth chamber 113 under the joint action of the first unlocking rod spring 141 and the second unlocking rod spring 142 of the passive docking end, and at the same time, the lock sleeve 130 is driven to move by the unlocking rod 139, so that the locking boss 136 of the lock sleeve 130 of the passive docking end is directly opposite to the locking ball 134, so that the locking ball 134 locks the docking head 103 of the passive docking end in the docking hole 105 of the passive docking end;

[0265] Because the unlocking piston 140 at the active docking end is pushed by the first unlocking rod spring 141 and the second unlocking rod spring 142 to move to the middle position of the fifth chamber 113, the third ventilation hole 398 and the third exhaust hole 399 are connected, forming the following passage:

[0266] The third gas circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 415 , the eleventh gas pipe 330 , the shrink plug 414 , the tenth gas pipe 329 , the third ventilation hole 398 , and the third exhaust hole 399 .

[0267] 2.2.5 Mechanical docking block 106 retracts

[0268] The first gas path two-position three-way reversing valve 412 is de-energized to form the following passage:

[0269] 2.2.5.1 The first air inlet 390, the fourth air pipe 323, the first air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 412,

[0270] The fixing spring 275 pushes the first fixing pin 276 and the second fixing pin 277 to move to the extreme position in the direction of the first fixing seat 279 and the second fixing seat 280, and at the same time connects the first ventilation hole 391 to the first exhaust hole 392, forming the following passage:

[0271] 2.2.5.2 The first ventilation hole 393, the seventh air pipe 326, the sixth air pipe 325, the fifth air pipe 324, the first ventilation hole 391, the first exhaust hole 392, and the atmosphere.

[0272] The first driving piston spring 223 is intended to push the first driving piston 222 and the first driving rod 220 to retract. Since the head of the first driving rod 220 is fixed to the mounting box 272 by the first fixing member 221 (see Figure 2 ), the first driving piston spring 223 pushes the mechanical docking block 106 to retract, so that the mechanical docking block 106 at the active docking end is separated from the mechanical docking block 106 at the passive docking end, and the mechanical docking block 106 at the active docking end is retracted to the extreme end inside the installation box 272 along the first slide rail 300 through the second slide rail 301.

[0273] 2.2.6 Recovery

[0274] 2.2.6.1 Due to the push of the first driving piston spring 223, the mechanical docking block 106 is placed in the extreme position in the installation box 272 and fixed relative to the installation box 272 to prevent the mechanical docking block 106 from sliding freely relative to the installation box 272 during the operation of the locomotive;

[0275] 2.2.6.2 The fixing spring 275 pushes the first fixing pin 276 and the second fixing pin 277 to be inserted into the first fixing seat 279 and the second fixing seat 280, so that the installation box 272 is fixed relative to the installation plate 271 to prevent the installation box 272 from shaking freely during the operation of the locomotive;

[0276] 2.2.6.3 The two-position three-way reversing valve 413 of the second gas circuit loses power, cutting off the passage from the ninth gas pipe 328 to the atmosphere, while connecting the passages from the eighth gas pipe 327 to the ninth gas pipe 328;

[0277] 2.2.6.4 The two-position three-way reversing valve 415 of the third gas path loses power, connecting the passage from the eleventh gas pipe 330 to the twelfth gas pipe 331 and cutting off the passage from the twelfth gas pipe 331 to the fifteenth gas pipe 334;

[0278] 2.2.6.5 The two-position five-way reversing valve 416 of the first air circuit loses power, discharges the pressurized air in the driving cylinder 260, and connects the passages of the twelfth air pipe 331 and the thirteenth air pipe 332, and the passage of the fourteenth air pipe 333 and the atmosphere;

[0279] 2.2.6.6 The docking detection plunger 241 is pushed to the side of the sixth through hole 240 of the second recessed portion 108 by the docking detection spring 242, cutting off the passage between the second air inlet hole 394 and the second ventilation hole 395, while connecting the passage between the second ventilation hole 395 and the second exhaust hole 396.

[0280] Embodiment 2: A manual connection and separation device for a fluid pipeline and a transmission line (see Figure 1 , Figure 8 );

[0281] When two pairs of connectors 103 need to be manually connected, follow the steps below:

[0282] Push the lock sleeve 130 of the active docking end to slide longitudinally to unlock the locking ball 134, then pull out the docking joint 103 and the switch magnet device of the active docking end from the docking hole 105, then rotate the rotating handle 264 of the switch magnet device to make the switch magnet device lose the suction force on the docking joint 103, after the docking joint 103 of the automatic telescopic docking device is separated from the switch magnet device, insert the docking joint 103 of the active docking end with the first fluid hose 101, the transmission line 102, and the second fluid hose 189 into the docking hole 105 of the passive docking end, then manually push the lock sleeve 130 of the passive docking end to slide longitudinally to unlock the locking ball 134, then connect the docking joint 103 of the active docking end to the docking joint 103 of the passive docking end, and then release the lock sleeve 130 of the passive docking end to fix the docking state of the two docking joints 103;

[0283] When two butt joints 103 need to be separated manually, follow the steps below:

[0284] The locking sleeve 130 of the passive docking end is manually pushed to slide longitudinally to unlock the locking bead 134, and then the docking joint 103 of the active docking end with the first fluid hose 101, the power transmission line 102, and the second fluid hose 189 is taken out from the docking hole 105 of the passive docking end, and inserted into the docking hole 105 of the active docking end, and then the locking sleeve 130 of the active docking end is manually pushed to slide longitudinally to unlock the locking bead 134, and then the docking joint 103 of the active docking end is connected to the switch magnet device, and then the locking sleeve 130 of the active docking end is released to allow the locking bead 134 to lock the docking joint 103.

[0285] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions. The sentence "includes an element defined by ... does not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element".

[0286] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fluid pipeline and a transmission line automatic or manual docking and separation device, comprising a first fluid hose (101) and a transmission line (102), characterized in that: The first fluid hose (101) and the power transmission line (102) are connected to a docking joint (103), the docking joint (103) is arranged in a docking hole (105) of a docking seat (104), the docking joint (103) and the docking hole (105) are slidably matched, and the docking seat (104) is arranged on a mechanical docking block (106); The mechanical docking block (106) is provided with an automatic alignment device; A first thrust piece is provided at one end of the mechanical docking block (106) to push the mechanical docking block (106) to slide longitudinally; and a second thrust piece is provided at one end of the docking head (103) to push the docking head (103) to slide longitudinally along the docking hole (105).

2. The automatic and manual connection and separation device for fluid pipelines and power transmission lines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic alignment device is a first protruding portion (107) and a first recessed portion (108) arranged towards the docking side.

3. The automatic and manual connection and separation device for fluid pipelines and power transmission lines according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first thrust member is arranged in a cavity on the side of the first protrusion (107) away from the docking surface, and comprises a mounting box (272), a first chamber (109), a first driving piston (222), a first driving piston spring (223), a first driving rod (220), a first fixing member (221), and a first vent hole (393); The first driving rod (220) and the first driving piston (222) are slidably matched relative to the first chamber (109); the output end of the first driving rod (220) is fixedly connected to the installation box (272) through the first fixing member (221); and the installation box (272) is provided with an opening facing the docking party; A first slide rail (300) extending in the opening direction is fixed in the installation box (272); the mechanical docking block (106) is provided with a second slide rail (301) corresponding to the first slide rail (300); the first slide rail (300) and the second slide rail (301) are engaged and slidably matched; the mechanical docking block (106) can slide longitudinally along the first slide rail (300) through the second slide rail (301); The first vent hole (393) is in communication with the first chamber (109), and the pressurized air entering the first chamber (109) through the first vent hole (393) pushes the mechanical docking block (106) toward the opening direction of the installation box (272), and the first driving piston spring (223) pushes the mechanical docking block (106) into the installation box (272); The second thrust member is arranged at one end of the docking joint (103), and comprises a drive cylinder (260), a second drive piston (261), a second drive rod (262), a switch magnet device, a second vent hole (400), and a third vent hole (401); The driving cylinder (260) is fixed to the docking seat (104); the second driving piston (261) and the second driving rod (262) are slidably matched relative to the driving cylinder (260); the output end of the second driving rod (262) is connected to the docking head (103) through the switch magnet device; the second air vent (400) and the third air vent (401) are connected to the internal chamber of the driving cylinder (260); the pressurized air entering through the third air vent (401) pushes the second driving rod (262) to retract into the driving cylinder (260); and the pressurized air entering through the second air vent (400) pushes the second driving rod (262) to extend out of the driving cylinder (260) and enter the docking hole (105); The docking seat (104) is provided with a sliding groove (302).

4. The automatic and manual connection and separation device for fluid pipelines and power transmission lines according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first recessed portion (108) of the mechanical docking block (106) is provided with a second chamber (110) on the side away from the docking surface, and the first recessed portion (108) is provided with a sixth through hole (240) communicating with the second chamber (110), so that the head of the first protruding portion (107) of the docking party can be inserted into the second chamber (110); A docking detection device is provided in the second chamber (110), and the docking detection device comprises: a docking detection plunger (241), a docking detection spring (242), a second air inlet (394), a second air exchange hole (395), and a second air exhaust hole (396); The docking detection plunger (241) is slidably fitted in the second chamber (110), annular bosses are arranged at intervals on the outer surface of the docking detection plunger (241), and annular grooves are formed between the annular bosses. The docking detection spring (242) is installed in the second chamber (110), one end of the docking detection spring (242) is fixed to the end wall of the second chamber (110), and the other end is fixed to the docking detection plunger (241), and the docking detection spring (242) pushes the docking detection plunger (241) to the extreme position in the direction of the first recessed portion (108); The second chamber (110) is radially penetrated by the second air inlet hole (394), the second air outlet hole (396), and the second ventilation hole (395); the second air inlet hole (394) and the second air outlet hole (396) are arranged on both sides, and the second ventilation hole (395) is arranged between the second air inlet hole (394) and the second air outlet hole (396); When the first protrusion (107) is completely inserted into the first recess (108) of the docking party, the docking detection plunger (241) of the docking party is pushed by the first protrusion (107) toward the docking detection spring (242) to an extreme position, the annular groove of the docking detection plunger (241) connects the second air inlet hole (394) and the second air exchange hole (395), and the annular boss separates the second air exchange hole (395) and the second air exhaust hole (396); When the first protrusion (107) leaves the first recess (108) of the docking party, the docking detection spring (242) of the docking party pushes the docking detection plunger (241) to move toward the first recess (108) to the extreme position, and the annular boss blocks the passage between the second air inlet (394) and the second ventilation hole (395), and the annular groove connects the passage between the second ventilation hole (395) and the second exhaust hole (396).

5. The automatic and manual connection and separation device for fluid pipelines and power transmission lines according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A locking component is provided between the docking head (103) and the outer wall surface of the docking seat (104); The locking assembly comprises an annular locking groove (135), a locking hole (133), a locking ball (134), and a locking sleeve (130); The outer wall surface of the docking head (103) is provided with an annular locking groove (135), and the side wall of the docking seat (104) is provided with a plurality of locking holes (133) corresponding to the annular locking groove (135); the locking balls (134) are adapted in the locking holes (133), and the diameter of the locking balls (134) is greater than the wall thickness of the docking seat (104); A locking sleeve (130) is provided on the periphery of the docking seat (104) corresponding to the locking ball (134); the locking sleeve (130) is slidably matched with the outer surface of the docking seat (104); the inner wall of the locking sleeve (130) is provided with a first retreat groove (131), a locking boss (136), and a second retreat groove (132) corresponding to the locking ball (134); the locking boss (136) is located in the middle of the inner wall of the locking sleeve (130); the first retreat groove (131) is located in front of the locking boss (136); the second retreat groove (132) is located in the rear of the locking boss (136); when the locking sleeve (130) slides to the front extreme position, the second retreat groove (131) is opened. 132) corresponds to the locking bead (134), and the locking bead (134) can be completely located in the second retreat groove (132) and the locking hole (133); when the locking sleeve (130) slides to the rear extreme position, the first retreat groove (131) corresponds to the locking bead (134), and the locking bead (134) can be completely located in the first retreat groove (131) and the locking hole (133); when the locking sleeve (130) slides to the locking boss (136) and faces the locking bead (134), the locking bead (134) is located in the locking hole (133), and part of the locking bead (134) enters the annular locking groove (135).

6. The automatic and manual connection and separation device for fluid pipelines and power transmission lines according to claim 5, characterized in that: A lock sleeve control mechanism is arranged between the outer wall surfaces of the docking seat (104); The lock sleeve control mechanism comprises an unlocking rod (139), an unlocking piston (140), a first unlocking rod spring (141), and a second unlocking rod spring (142); At least one seventh chamber (115) is provided at the rear end of the outer periphery of the docking seat (104), an unlocking rod (139) is inserted into the seventh chamber (115), an unlocking piston (140) is provided at the rear end of the unlocking rod (139), and the front end of the unlocking rod (139) is fixedly connected to the lock sleeve (130); the two sides of the unlocking piston (140) are respectively provided with the same first unlocking rod spring (141) and second unlocking rod spring (142), the first unlocking rod spring (141) and the second unlocking rod spring (142) respectively abut against the end walls of the two sides of the seventh chamber (115) and the two ends of the unlocking piston (140), the first unlocking rod spring (141) pushes the lock sleeve (130) to the rear extreme direction through the unlocking piston (140) and the unlocking rod (139), and the second unlocking rod spring (142) pushes the lock sleeve (130) to the front extreme direction through the unlocking piston (140) and the unlocking rod (139); The seventh chamber (115) is provided with a third air inlet (397) at the rear end and a third air outlet (399) at the front end, and the third air exchange hole (398) is provided between the third air inlet (397) and the third air outlet (399); When pressurized air enters the third air inlet (397), the unlocking piston (140) compresses the first unlocking rod spring (141), and at the same time the unlocking rod (139) drives the lock sleeve (130) to move to the front extreme position, so that the second retreat groove (132) corresponds to the locking ball (134), and the locking ball (134) is in an unlocked state; When there is no pressurized air in the third air inlet (397), the first unlocking rod spring (141) and the second unlocking rod spring (142) jointly push the unlocking piston (140) to the middle of the seventh chamber (115), and the locking boss (136) of the lock sleeve (130) corresponds to the locking ball (134), and the locking ball (134) is in a locked state; When an external force pushes the locking sleeve (130) to move to the rear extreme position and compresses the second unlocking rod spring (142), the first retreat groove (131) corresponds to the locking ball (134), and the locking ball (134) is in an unlocked state.

7. The automatic and manual connection and separation device for fluid pipelines and power transmission lines according to claim 1, characterized in that: A third chamber (111) is provided inside the docking joint (103), a fourth chamber (112) is provided at the front end of the third chamber (111), the diameter of the third chamber (111) is larger than the diameter of the fourth chamber (112), a first valve body (154) is installed in the third chamber (111), a first valve stem spring (153) is installed at the rear end of the first valve body (154), a hollow first valve stem (152) is installed at the front end of the first valve body (154), the diameter of the first valve stem (152) is smaller than the diameter of the fourth chamber (112), and the first valve stem (152) is close to the first valve body (154). At least one third through hole (163) is circumferentially arranged near the first valve body (154), and the third through hole (163) connects the central hollow portion of the first valve stem (152) with the fourth chamber (112). A first sealing gasket (155) is arranged near the first valve stem (152) of the first valve body (154), and under the push of the first valve stem spring (153), the first sealing gasket (155) fits with the step at the junction of the third chamber (111) and the fourth chamber (112) to close the fluid passage between the fourth chamber (112) and the third chamber (111); Under the push of external force, the first valve stem (152) drives the first sealing gasket (155) to separate from the step at the junction of the third chamber (111) and the fourth chamber (112), and compresses the first valve stem spring (153) to connect the fluid passages of the fourth chamber (112) and the third chamber (111); a first pressurizing piston (150) is installed on the periphery of the first valve stem (152), and the first pressurizing piston (150) is slidably matched with the wall of the fourth chamber (112), and a first docking sealing ring (151) is installed at the front end of the first valve stem (152); The third chamber (111) is in communication with the first fluid hose (101) via a hole (164).

8. The automatic and manual connection and separation device for fluid pipelines and power transmission lines according to claim 7, characterized in that: A delayed closing component is provided at the rear end of the first valve stem spring (153), and the delayed closing component includes a delayed closing device body (156), a delayed closing piston (158), a connecting rod (159), a second fixing member (162), a first through hole (157), and a second through hole (161); the front end of the first valve stem spring (153) is fixed on the first valve body (154), and the rear end is fixed on the delayed closing device body (156); a cavity is provided in the delayed closing device body (156), and a delayed closing piston (158) is slidably fitted in the cavity; a first through hole (157) is provided at the rear end of the delayed closing device body (156), and the first through hole (157) is communicated with the cavity of the third chamber (111); a second through hole (161) is provided at the front end of the delayed closing device body (156), and a connecting rod (159) runs through the second through hole (161), and the connecting rod (159) and the second through hole (161) are clearance-fitted; One end of the connecting rod (159) is connected to the delayed closing piston (158), and the other end is fixed to the first valve body (154) and the first valve stem (152) through the second fixing member (162). A bypass groove (160) is provided on the side of the connecting rod (159) close to the delayed closing piston (158); A fluid passage is provided between the periphery of the delayed closing device body (156) and the third chamber (111).

9. The automatic and manual connection and separation device for fluid pipelines and power transmission lines according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fifth chamber (113) is provided inside the docking joint (103), a sixth chamber (114) is provided at the front end of the fifth chamber (113), the diameter of the fifth chamber (113) is larger than the diameter of the sixth chamber (114), a second valve body (185) is installed in the fifth chamber (113), a second valve stem spring (184) is installed at the rear end of the second valve body (185), a hollow second valve stem (182) is installed at the front end of the second valve body (185), the diameter of the second valve stem (182) is smaller than the diameter of the sixth chamber (114), and the second valve stem (182) is close to the At least one fourth through hole (183) is circumferentially arranged near the second valve body (185), and the fourth through hole (183) connects the central hollow portion of the second valve stem (182) with the sixth chamber (114). A second sealing gasket (186) is arranged near the second valve stem (182) of the second valve body (185). Under the push of the second valve stem spring (184), the second sealing gasket (186) fits with the step at the junction of the fifth chamber (113) and the sixth chamber (114) to close the fluid passage between the sixth chamber (114) and the fifth chamber (113); Under the push of external force, the second valve stem (182) drives the second sealing gasket (186) to separate from the step at the junction of the fifth chamber (113) and the sixth chamber (114), and compresses the second valve stem spring (184) to connect the fluid passages of the sixth chamber (114) and the fifth chamber (113). A second pressurizing piston (180) is installed on the periphery of the second valve stem (182). The second pressurizing piston (180) is slidably matched with the wall of the sixth chamber (114). A second docking sealing ring (181) is installed at the front end of the second valve stem (182); A rear cover (187) is disposed on the other side of the fifth chamber (113), and the rear cover (187) is communicated with the second fluid hose (189) through a fifth through hole (188); The front end of the second valve stem spring (184) is fixed to the second valve body (185), and the rear end is fixed to the rear cover (187).

10. The automatic and manual connection and separation device for fluid pipelines and power transmission lines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The butt joint (103) is provided with a transmission line butt joint device, and the transmission line butt joint device comprises: a butt joint electrode (200), an electrode mounting body (201), a butt joint surface sealing ring (203), a first torsion spring (204), a dust cover push rod (205), a dust cover (206), a dust cover rotating pin (207), a first push plate (208), a second protrusion (209), and a second recessed portion (210); The docking joint (103) is provided with at least one electrode mounting body (201), at least one docking electrode (200) is fixed in the electrode mounting body (201), the docking electrode (200) is connected to the transmission line (102), an insulating member is provided between the docking electrode (200) and the electrode mounting body (201), the electrode mounting body (201) is provided with a docking surface (202) parallel to the docking surface of the docking joint (103), the docking surface sealing ring (203) is provided on the periphery of the docking surface (202), dust cover rotating pins (207) are provided at the upper and lower parts of the electrode mounting body (201), the dust cover (206) can rotate around the dust cover rotating pin (207), and at least one side of the dust cover rotating pin (207) is sleeved with the first torsion spring (204), One end of the steel wire of the first torsion spring (204) is pressed against the body of the docking joint (103), and the other end of the steel wire is fixed on the dust cover (206), so that the dust cover (206) can automatically rotate around the dust cover rotating pin (207) and cover the docking surface (202) under the torsion force of the first torsion spring (204), and the dust cover (206) is provided with the dust cover push rod (205). Under the push of external force, the dust cover push rod (205) overcomes the reverse torsion force of the first torsion spring (204), drives the dust cover (206) to rotate, and opens the docking surface (202); a first push plate (208) is provided on the other side of the center line of the docking joint (103) corresponding to the dust cover push rod (205), and the head of the first push plate (208) exceeds the docking surface (202); When the two docking joints (103) are docked with each other, the first push plate (208) of the docking joint (103) at one end pushes the dust cover push rod (205) of the docking joint (103) at the other end, and drives the dust cover (206) to rotate around the dust cover rotating pin (207), thereby opening the docking surface (202) of the docking joint (103) at the other end. When the docking surfaces of the two docking joints (103) are in contact with each other, the docking surface sealing rings (203) of the two docking joints (103) are pressed against each other to seal the docking surface (202) and the docking electrode (200). At the same time, the two corresponding docking electrodes (200) are automatically docked with each other. When the two docking joints (103) are separated, the first push plate (208) at one end leaves the dust cover push rod (205) at the other end, and the dust cover (206) rotates around the dust cover rotating pin (207) under the torsion of the first torsion spring (204) at the other end to cover the docking surface (202) at the other end, and at the same time, the two docking electrodes (200) are automatically separated from each other's docking electrodes (200); The butt joint surface of the butt joint (103) is provided with a second protruding portion (209) and a second recessed portion (210); When the docking joints (103) at both ends are docked, the second raised portion (209) and the second recessed portion (210) at one end and the second recessed portion (210) and the second raised portion (209) at the other end are guided and aligned with each other, thereby achieving accurate mutual alignment of the two docking electrodes (200).

11. The automatic and manual connection and separation device for fluid pipelines and power transmission lines according to claim 3, characterized in that: A mounting plate (271) is arranged away from the opening direction of the mounting box (272); a hollow swivel seat (286) is arranged on the mounting plate (271) near the mounting box (272); a hollow clamping seat (285) is arranged on the mounting box (272) near the mounting plate (271) corresponding to the hollow swivel seat (286); the hollow swivel seat (286) is connected to the hollow clamping seat (285) via a swivel mandrel (287); and the swivel mandrel (287) is arranged on the mounting plate (271) near the mounting box (272) 7) The installation box (272) is fixed by a third fixing member (288) so that the installation box (272) is suspended on the installation plate (271), and the installation box (272) can be turned up and down around the rotating core shaft (287), and a movable joint is provided between the rotating core shaft (287) and the hollow rotating seat (286), and the hollow rotating seat (286) is hinged to the rotating core shaft (287), so that the installation box (272) can swing left and right relative to the installation plate (271); The same tension springs (289) are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the installation box (272), and the tension springs (289) are connected to the tension spring hanging rings (290) correspondingly arranged on the installation plate (271) and the installation box (272), and the tension spring hanging ring (290) on the installation plate (271) is obliquely above the tension spring hanging ring (290) on the installation box (272); The tension spring hanging ring (290) on at least one side is provided with a screw rod (291), the screw rod (291) is connected to the screw rod seat (292) on the adjacent mounting plate (271) or the mounting box (272), and the screw rod (291) is provided with an adjusting nut (293), and the tension of the tension spring (289) can be adjusted by rotating the adjusting nut (293), thereby adjusting the downward, upward and horizontal positions of the mounting box (272) and the mechanical docking block (106) carried thereon; The mounting plate (271) and the mounting box (272) are provided with a fixing device, and the fixing device comprises a first fixing cylinder (273), a second fixing cylinder (274), a fixing spring (275), a first fixing pin (276), a second fixing pin (277), a connecting plate (278), a first fixing seat (279), a second fixing seat (280), a third protruding portion (281), a third recessed portion (282), a second push plate (283), and a fixing pin push rod (284); The first fixed cylinder body (273) and the second fixed cylinder body (274) are respectively fixed on both sides of the mounting plate (271); the first fixed seat (279) and the second fixed seat (280) are respectively fixed on both sides of the mounting box (272); the first fixed cylinder body (273) and the second fixed cylinder body (274) correspond to the first fixed seat (279) and the second fixed seat (280) respectively; an eighth chamber (116) is provided in the first fixed cylinder body (273); a ninth chamber (117) is provided in the second fixed cylinder body (274); the first fixed pin (276) is inserted into the eighth chamber (116); the second fixed pin (277) is inserted into the ninth chamber (117); the first fixed pin (276) and the second fixed pin (277) are slidably matched with the eighth chamber (116) and the ninth chamber (117) respectively; The first fixing pin (276) and the second fixing pin (277) are respectively provided with the third protruding portion (281) on the side close to the first fixing seat (279) and the second fixing seat (280); the first fixing seat (279) and the second fixing seat (280) are respectively provided with the third recessed portion (282) on the side close to the first fixing cylinder body (273) and the second fixing cylinder body (274); the third protruding portion (281) corresponds to the third recessed portion (282) and has matching size; At least one of the eighth chamber (116) and the ninth chamber (117) is provided with the fixing spring (275) and the first air inlet (390), the first air exchange hole (391), and the first air exhaust hole (392). The fixing spring (275) is arranged on the side away from the third protrusion (281), the first air inlet (390) is arranged on the side close to the third protrusion (281), the first exhaust hole (392) is arranged on the side away from the third protrusion (281), and the first ventilation hole (391) is arranged between the first air inlet (390) and the first exhaust hole (392); when there is no pressurized air in the first air inlet (390), the fixing spring (275) pushes the second fixing pin (277) toward the second fixing seat (280), so that the third protrusion (281) extends into the third recessed portion (282) of the second fixing seat (280), thereby making the installation box (272) and the installation plate (272) interlock. 1) relatively fixed, and at the same time, the passage between the first air inlet hole (390) and the first air exchange hole (391) is cut off, and the passage between the first air exchange hole (391) and the first exhaust hole (392) is connected; when the first air inlet hole (390) enters the pressurized air, the second fixing pin (277) moves away from the second fixing seat (280) while compressing the fixing spring (275), thereby separating the third protruding portion (281) from the third recessed portion (282), and the mounting box (272) can freely swing relative to the mounting plate (271), and at the same time, the passage between the first air inlet hole (390) and the first air exchange hole (391) is connected, and the passage between the first air exchange hole (391) and the first exhaust hole (392) is cut off; The fixing pin push rod (284) is arranged next to the first fixing pin (276) and the second fixing pin (277); the connecting plate (278) connects the fixing pin push rod (284), the first fixing pin (276) and the second fixing pin (277) together to form a linkage mechanism; the mechanical docking block (106) is provided with the second push plate (283) close to the docking surface; the second push plate (283) corresponds to the fixing pin push rod (284) of the docking party.

12. The automatic and manual connection and separation device for fluid pipelines and power transmission lines according to claim 3, characterized in that: The switch magnet device is a magnetic seat that can switch on and off external magnetic force. The switch magnet device comprises a magnet (430), a rotating handle (431), a cover plate (432), a magnetic seat body (433), an attraction surface (434), a magnetic blocking sheet (435), and a second torsion spring (436); The magnetic base (433) is divided into two halves by the magnetic blocking sheet (435); a hole with an open end is provided at the center of the magnetic base (433); a cylindrical magnet (430) is rotatably fitted in the hole; the rotating handle (431) cooperates with the magnet (430) from the open end of the hole through a protruding portion and a recessed portion that cooperates therewith; when the rotating handle (431) is manually rotated, the magnet (430) can be driven to rotate synchronously; a limit stop is provided on the mating surface of the cover plate (432) and the rotating handle (431) to limit the rotation angle of the rotating handle (431) and the magnet (430) to a range of 0° to 90°; the second torsion spring (436) is sleeved on the shaft of the rotating handle (431); one end of the second torsion spring (436) is fixed on the cover plate (432), and the other end abuts against the rotating handle (431); When there is no external force, the second torsion spring (436) pushes the rotating handle (431) and the magnet (430) to rotate to the extreme position of 0°, so that the attraction surface (434) generates an external magnetic attraction force; when the external force overcomes the elastic force of the second torsion spring (436) and pushes the rotating handle (431) and the magnet (430) to rotate to the other extreme position of 90°, the attraction surface (434) has no external magnetic attraction force.

13. The automatic and manual connection and separation device for fluid pipelines and power transmission lines according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first vent hole (393) is connected to one end of the seventh air pipe (326), the other end of the seventh air pipe (326) is connected to one end of the sixth air pipe (325), and the other end of the sixth air pipe (325) is connected to one end of the fifth air pipe (324); The other end of the fifth air pipe (324) is communicated with the inner cavity of the second fixed cylinder (274) through the first air exchange hole (391). The second fixed cylinder (274) is provided with the first air inlet hole (390), the first air exchange hole (391), the first air exhaust hole (392), the second fixed pin (277) and the fixed spring (275). When the first air inlet hole (390) enters the pressurized air, the second fixed pin (277) moves and compresses the fixed spring (275). 5), connecting the first air inlet hole (390) and the first air exchange hole (391), and cutting off the passage between the first air exchange hole (391) and the first exhaust hole (392); when there is no pressurized air in the first air inlet hole (390), the fixing spring (275) pushes the second fixing pin (277) to move, and cuts off the passage between the first air inlet hole (390) and the first air exchange hole (391), connecting the passage between the first air exchange hole (391) and the first exhaust hole (392); The first air inlet hole (390) is connected to one end of the fourth air pipe (323), and the other end of the fourth air pipe (323) is connected to one end of the third air pipe (322) through a first air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve (412). One end of the first air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve (412) is provided with a first control end (370), and the other end is provided with a first return spring (350). When the first control end (370) is powered, the valve core moves to make the fourth air pipe (323) communicate with the third air pipe (322); when the first control end (370) is not powered, the first return spring (350) pushes the valve core to move in the reverse direction to separate the fourth air pipe (323) from the third air pipe (322), so that the fourth air pipe (323) is connected to the atmosphere, and the other end of the third air pipe (322) is connected to the air source; The other end of the sixth air pipe (325) is communicated with the second air inlet (394) of the second chamber (110). When the first protrusion (107) pushes the docking detection plunger (241) in the first recessed portion (108) to an extreme position, the second air inlet (394) is communicated with the second ventilation hole (395), and the passage between the second ventilation hole (395) and the second exhaust hole (396) is blocked at the same time. When the first protrusion (107) is away from the first recessed portion (108), the docking detection spring (242) pushes the docking detection plunger (241) toward the first recessed portion (108) to an extreme position, cutting off the passage between the second air inlet (394) and the second ventilation hole (395), and connecting the passage between the second ventilation hole (395) and the second exhaust hole (396). The second air exchange hole (395) is communicated with one end of the eighth air pipe (327), and the other end of the eighth air pipe (327) is communicated with one end of the ninth air pipe (328) through the second air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve (413). One end of the second air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve (413) is provided with a second control end (371), and the other end is provided with a second return spring (351). When the second control end (371) is energized, the valve core moves to cut off the passage between the eighth air pipe (327) and the ninth air pipe (328), and at the same time, the ninth air pipe (328) is connected to the atmosphere; when the second control end (371) is not energized, the second return spring (351) pushes the valve core to move in the opposite direction, connects the passage between the eighth air pipe (327) and the ninth air pipe (328), and at the same time, cuts off the passage between the ninth air pipe (328) and the atmosphere; The other end of the ninth air pipe (328) is communicated with the third air inlet (397) of the seventh chamber (115), and the seventh chamber (115) is provided with an unlocking piston (140), an unlocking rod (139), a first unlocking rod spring (141), a second unlocking rod spring (142), a third air inlet (397), a third air exchange hole (398), and a third exhaust hole (399); when the third air inlet (397) enters with pressurized air, the unlocking piston (140) is pushed to move and compress the first unlocking rod spring (141), so that the unlocking rod (139) is extended, and at the same time, the unlocking rod (139) is connected to the third air inlet (397). The passage between the third air inlet (397) and the third air exchange hole (398) is connected, and the passage between the third air exchange hole (398) and the third air exhaust hole (399) is cut off; when there is no pressurized air in the third air inlet (397), the unlocking piston (140) is located in the middle of the seventh chamber (115) under the action of the first unlocking rod spring (141) and the second unlocking rod spring (142), and the passage between the third air inlet (397) and the third air exchange hole (398) is cut off, and the passage between the third air exchange hole (398) and the third air exhaust hole (399) is connected; The third air exchange hole (398) is connected to one end of the tenth air pipe (329), and the other end of the tenth air pipe (329) is connected to the third air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve (415). One end of the sixth air pipe (325) is connected to one end of the fifteenth air pipe (334), and the other end of the fifteenth air pipe (334) is connected to the third air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve (415). The tenth air pipe (329) and the fifteenth air pipe (334) are connected to one end of the twelfth air pipe (331) through the third air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve (415). A third control end (372) and a third return spring (352) are provided. When the third control end (372) is powered, the valve core moves to connect the fifteenth air pipe (334) with the twelfth air pipe (331), while cutting off the passage between the tenth air pipe (329) and the twelfth air pipe (331); when the third control end (372) is not powered, the third return spring (352) pushes the valve core to move in the opposite direction, cutting off the passage between the fifteenth air pipe (334) and the twelfth air pipe (331), while connecting the passage between the tenth air pipe (329) and the twelfth air pipe (331); The other end of the twelfth air pipe (331) is in communication with the two-position five-way reversing valve (416) of the first air circuit; the second air hole (400) is in communication with one end of the thirteenth air pipe (332); the other end of the thirteenth air pipe (332) is in communication with the two-position five-way reversing valve (416) of the first air circuit; the third air hole (401) is in communication with one end of the fourteenth air pipe (333); the other end of the fourteenth air pipe (333) is in communication with the two-position five-way reversing valve (416) of the first air circuit; the thirteenth air pipe (332) and the fourteenth air pipe (333) are connected to the two air vents through the two-position five-way reversing valve (416) of the first air circuit. The first air path two-position five-way reversing valve (416) is provided with a fourth control end (373) and a fourth return spring (353). When the fourth control end (373) is powered, the valve core moves to connect the twelfth air pipe (331) with the fourteenth air pipe (333), and at the same time, the thirteenth air pipe (332) is connected to the atmosphere; when the fourth control end (373) is not powered, the fourth return spring (353) pushes the valve core to move in the opposite direction, so that the twelfth air pipe (331) is connected to the thirteenth air pipe (332), and at the same time, the fourteenth air pipe (333) is connected to the atmosphere.

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