Polar region ship energy-saving anti-freezing system

Abstract

The invention relates to a polar region ship energy-saving anti-freezing system which comprises a compressor unit pipeline circulating system, a refrigerant water pipeline circulating system and a heating medium water pipeline circulating system, and the compressor unit pipeline circulating system is connected with the refrigerant water pipeline circulating system and the heating medium water pipeline circulating system to jointly drive the anti-freezing system to operate. The compressor unit pipeline circulation system is composed of a compressor unit pipeline main circulation loop and a compressor unit pipeline auxiliary circulation loop. And an automatic control device is arranged, and heat in the anti-freezing system is driven to be transferred to the anti-freezing equipment side from the heating cabin side and the domestic sewage side through common operation of the compressor, the refrigerant water pipeline circulating system and a refrigerant and heat medium water pump in the heating medium water pipeline circulating system, so that the heating requirement of the anti-freezing equipment is met through waste heat of the ship. Waste energy of polar region ships is actively allocated and reasonably utilized through the anti-freezing system, firstly, the anti-freezing effect of equipment is guaranteed, secondly, the temperature of heating cabins of the ships is guaranteed, and finally, energy consumption of anti-freezing expenditure is reduced as much as possible.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a ship antifreeze system, which is used for antifreeze of equipment of ships sailing in polar regions and belongs to the technical field of cold protection of polar ships. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the departure of the Xuelong 2 polar icebreaker research vessel to the North and South Poles, my country's polar scientific research has reached a new peak. With the design and construction of a new batch of polar ships, many polar ship design problems have emerged and need to be solved by my country's polar ship designers. Among them, polar ship antifreeze is an important issue. Polar low temperatures affect the physical properties of ship external equipment, which in turn is related to the safety of polar equipment operations and the smooth progress of polar scientific research.

[0003] Traditional polar antifreeze systems use electric heating equipment, which has a low thermal efficiency ratio. One unit of electricity can only generate less than one unit of heat energy. When sailing in polar waters where replenishment is inconvenient, equipment antifreeze consumes a lot of ship energy. On the other hand, although sailing in cold areas, the heat in the heating compartments inside the ship often requires electricity to cool down through air conditioning or mechanical ventilation. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an energy-saving antifreeze system for polar ships, through which the waste energy of polar ships is actively allocated and reasonably utilized, firstly to ensure the antifreeze effect of the equipment, secondly to ensure the temperature of the ship's heating cabin, and finally to reduce the energy consumption of antifreeze expenses as much as possible.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is: an energy-saving antifreeze system for polar ships, including a compressor unit pipeline circulation system, a refrigerant water pipeline circulation system and a heat medium water pipeline circulation system, the compressor unit pipeline circulation system is connected to the refrigerant water pipeline circulation system and the heat medium water pipeline circulation system to jointly drive the antifreeze system to operate, the compressor unit pipeline circulation system is composed of a compressor unit pipeline main circulation loop and a compressor unit pipeline auxiliary circulation loop; and an automatic control device is provided, through the joint operation of the compressor of the compressor unit pipeline circulation system and the cold and hot medium water pumps in the refrigerant water pipeline circulation system and the heat medium water pipeline circulation system, the heat inside the antifreeze system is driven to migrate from the heating cabin side and the domestic sewage side to the antifreeze equipment side, thereby utilizing the waste heat of the ship to meet the heating needs of the antifreeze equipment.

[0006] Furthermore, when the energy-saving antifreeze system of the polar ship is in operation, the first-level antifreeze heat is first obtained from the heating cabin, while the temperature of the heating cabin is reduced and maintained at the design temperature; when the heat in the heating cabin is insufficient, the second-level antifreeze heat is obtained from the ship's waste heat such as domestic sewage; electric heating is added to the antifreeze equipment as a third-level antifreeze heat or an emergency antifreeze system supplement.

[0007] Furthermore, the main circulation loop of the compressor unit pipeline includes a compressor, a main circulation expansion valve, an evaporation module, a main circulation condenser in the condensation module and corresponding refrigerant pipelines. The compressor is connected to the main circulation condenser in the condensation module through the main circulation expansion valve and the evaporation module to form the compressor pipeline main circulation.

[0008] Furthermore, the auxiliary circulation loop of the compressor group pipeline includes a compressor, an auxiliary circulation branch expansion valve, a domestic sewage tank heat exchanger, an auxiliary circulation condenser in the condensation module and corresponding refrigerant pipelines. The compressor forms an auxiliary circulation of the compressor group pipeline through the auxiliary circulation branch expansion valve, the domestic sewage tank heat exchanger and the auxiliary circulation condenser in the condensation module.

[0009] Furthermore, the refrigerant water pipeline circulation system includes a refrigerant water pump, a heating cabin heat exchanger, a refrigerant water pipeline, and an evaporation module. The refrigerant water pump is connected to the heating cabin heat exchanger in the heating cabin through the evaporation module to form a refrigerant water pipeline circulation.

[0010] Furthermore, the heat medium water pipeline circulation system includes a heat medium water pump, an antifreeze device heater, a heat medium water pipeline, and a condensation module. The heat medium water pump is connected to the antifreeze device heater through the condensation module to form a heat medium water pipeline circulation.

[0011] Furthermore, a plurality of antifreeze devices are connected in parallel to the heat medium water pipeline circulation system, and a plurality of heating compartments and ship waste heat are connected in parallel to the refrigerant water pipeline circulation system.

[0012] Furthermore, the circulating medium of the compressor unit pipeline circulation system is refrigerant; the circulating medium of the refrigerant water pipeline circulation system is antifreeze refrigerant water; and the circulating medium of the heat medium water pipeline circulation system is antifreeze heat medium water.

[0013] Furthermore, the compressor is a variable frequency compressor.

[0014] Furthermore, all circulation pipes in the antifreeze system are wrapped with thermal insulation and cold-proof materials.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] 1. The present invention can use ship waste heat as a heat source for a polar ship antifreeze system and utilize waste heat to prevent equipment from freezing.

[0017] 2. The present invention can effectively adjust the temperature of the heating places of the ship and accurately control the temperature while preventing the equipment from freezing. It can also perform air conditioning control on the heating places and maintain the room temperature while extracting heat.

[0018] 3. The present invention uses a compressor refrigeration heat pump cycle as an energy lever. One unit of electricity can extract multiple units of heat for antifreeze, and at the same time can extract multiple units of cold air for room temperature control in the heating compartment, with a high overall energy efficiency ratio.

[0019] 4. The key technical point of the present invention is the use of mechanical circulation to drive the polar ship antifreeze system, effectively utilizing waste heat and external cold, performing two-way temperature control on the antifreeze equipment and the heating place, and amplifying the transfer and exchange of cold and heat through the refrigeration heat pump cycle, thereby fully saving energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the energy-saving and antifreeze system for polar ships of the present invention;

[0021] In the figure: 1. Compressor unit pipeline circulation system; 2. Refrigerant water pipeline circulation system; 3. Heat medium water pipeline circulation system; 4. Compressor; 5. Main circulation expansion valve; 6. Evaporation module; 7. Condensation module; 8. Refrigerant water pump; 9. Heat medium water pump; 10. Heating cabin; 11. Domestic sewage tank; 12. Antifreeze equipment; 13. Heating cabin temperature sensor; 14. Heating cabin temperature control thermostat; 15. Electric heating; 16. Heating cabin heat exchanger; 17. Domestic sewage tank heat exchanger; 18. Antifreeze equipment heater; 19. Refrigerant water distributor; 20. Antifreeze equipment temperature sensor; 21. Antifreeze equipment heating thermostat; 22. Heat medium water distributor; 23. Auxiliary circulation branch valve; 24. Auxiliary circulation branch expansion valve; 25. Compressor unit pipeline main circulation loop; 26. Compressor unit pipeline auxiliary circulation loop; 27. Main circulation condensing heat exchanger; 28. Auxiliary circulation condensing heat exchanger. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] Embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, an energy-saving antifreeze system for polar ships provided by an embodiment of the present invention comprises a set of compressor unit pipeline circulation system 1 connecting a refrigerant water pipeline circulation system 2 and a heat medium water pipeline circulation system 3 to jointly drive the antifreeze system to operate, and is provided with an automatic control device, through which the compressor of the compressor unit pipeline circulation system 1 and the cold and hot medium water pumps in the refrigerant water pipeline circulation system 2 and the heat medium water pipeline circulation system 3 jointly operate to drive the heat inside the system to migrate from the heating cabin side and the domestic sewage side to the antifreeze equipment side, thereby utilizing the waste heat of the ship to meet the heating demand of the antifreeze equipment.

[0024] When the energy-saving antifreeze system of the polar ship is in operation, the first-level antifreeze heat is obtained from the heating compartment first, while reducing the temperature of the heating compartment and maintaining it to the design temperature. When the heat of the heating compartment is not enough, the second-level antifreeze heat is obtained from the ship's waste heat such as domestic sewage. If necessary, the electric heating at the antifreeze equipment can be used as a supplement to the third-level antifreeze heat or the emergency antifreeze system.

[0025] The compressor unit pipeline circulation system 1 is composed of a compressor unit pipeline main circulation loop 25 and a compressor unit pipeline auxiliary circulation loop 26.

[0026] The compressor group pipeline main circulation loop 25 includes a compressor 4, a main circulation expansion valve 5, an evaporation module 6, a main circulation condenser 27 in a condensation module 7, and corresponding refrigerant pipelines. The compressor 4 is connected to the main circulation condenser in the condensation module 7 through the main circulation expansion valve 5 and the evaporation module 6 to form a compressor pipeline main circulation.

[0027] The auxiliary circulation loop 26 of the compressor unit pipeline includes the compressor 4, the auxiliary circulation branch expansion valve 24, the domestic sewage tank heat exchanger 17, the auxiliary circulation condenser 28 in the condensation module and the corresponding refrigerant pipeline. The compressor 4 forms the auxiliary circulation of the compressor unit pipeline through the auxiliary circulation branch expansion valve 24, the domestic sewage tank heat exchanger 17, and the auxiliary circulation condenser 28 in the condensation module.

[0028] The refrigerant water pipeline circulation system 2 includes a refrigerant water pump 8, a heating cabin heat exchanger 16, a refrigerant water pipeline, and an evaporation module 6. The refrigerant water pump 8 is connected to the heating cabin heat exchanger 16 in the heating cabin 10 through the evaporation module 6 to form a refrigerant water pipeline circulation.

[0029] The heat medium water pipeline circulation system 3 includes a heat medium water pump 9, an antifreeze device heater 18, a heat medium water pipeline, and a condensation module 7. The heat medium water pump 9 is connected to the antifreeze device heater 18 through the condensation module 7 to form a heat medium water pipeline circulation.

[0030] Multiple antifreeze devices can be connected in parallel to the heat medium water pipeline circulation system, and multiple heating compartments / ship waste heat can be connected in parallel to the refrigerant water pipeline circulation system.

[0031] The circulating medium of the compressor unit pipeline circulation system 1 is a refrigerant. The compressor is a variable frequency compressor.

[0032] The circulating medium of the refrigerant water pipeline circulation system 2 is antifreeze refrigerant water, and the circulating medium of the heat medium water pipeline circulation system 3 is antifreeze heat medium water.

[0033] All circulation pipes in the antifreeze system are wrapped with thermal insulation and anti-cold materials.

[0034] The working principle of the present invention is: through the electric drive compressor unit and the cold and hot medium water pump as the mechanical power of the antifreeze system, the evaporation and condensation of the refrigerant is used to transport the redundant waste heat of the ship to the antifreeze equipment to prevent the equipment from freezing, and at the same time, the external cold at the antifreeze equipment is transported to the heating cabin inside the ship to cool it down and maintain the required room temperature; the antifreeze heat source is divided into three levels, first, the refrigerant transports heat from the heating cabin as the first-level heat, when the required antifreeze heat is too large and cannot be met by the heating cabin, heat is extracted from domestic wastewater as the second-level heat, if necessary, the electric heating at the antifreeze equipment is used as the third-level heat supplement or as an emergency antifreeze standby.

[0035] The specific working process of the present invention is:

[0036] Start the compressor 4, drive the refrigerant to perform the compressor unit pipeline main cycle 25 in the compressor unit pipeline cycle 1, after the refrigerant is compressed and condensed by the compressor 4, it is decompressed by the main cycle expansion valve 5, enters the evaporation module 6 for evaporation and heat absorption, and performs heat exchange with the refrigerant water in the refrigerant water pipeline cycle 2, and enters the main cycle condensation heat exchanger 27 in the condensation module 7 after becoming gaseous, condenses and releases heat, and performs heat exchange with the heat medium water in the heat medium water pipeline cycle 3, and then enters the compressor 4 to be compressed, completing a compressor pipeline main cycle. Driven by the refrigerant water pump 8, the high-temperature refrigerant water from the heating cabin 10 in the refrigerant water pipeline cycle 2 enters the evaporation module 6 to absorb heat, and after cooling, becomes low-temperature refrigerant water, and then passes through the refrigerant water divider 19 to be proportionally diverted and returned to each heating cabin 10, and then passes through the heating cabin heat exchanger 16 to perform heat exchange to cool the cabin, and after absorbing the heat of the heating cabin 10, becomes high-temperature refrigerant water and enters the evaporation module 6 again, completing a refrigerant water pipeline cycle. Driven by the heat medium water pump 9, the low-temperature heat medium water in the heat medium water pipeline circulation 3 from the antifreeze device 12 enters the main circulation condensing heat exchanger 27 in the condensing module 7 to cool the gaseous refrigerant, and after heating, it becomes high-temperature refrigerant water, passes through the heat medium water divider 22, and returns to the antifreeze device 12 in proportion through the antifreeze device heater 18 to heat the antifreeze device 12, and after cooling, it becomes low-temperature refrigerant water and enters the main circulation condensing heat exchanger 27 in the condensing module 7, completing a heat medium water pipeline circulation. Among them, the heating cabin temperature sensor 13 and the heating cabin temperature adjustment thermostat 14 monitor and maintain the required temperature of the heating cabin 2; the antifreeze device temperature sensor 20 and the antifreeze device heating thermostat 21 monitor and maintain the minimum maintenance temperature required by the antifreeze device 3.

[0037] In the above process, the redundant waste heat in the heating cabin 10 of the ship is transported to the antifreeze equipment 12 by utilizing the evaporation and condensation physical properties of the refrigerant, so as to heat and thaw the antifreeze equipment 12, and at the same time, the cold energy in the equipment 12 is transported to the heating cabin 10 inside the ship to cool it and maintain the required room temperature. When the required antifreeze heating amount is too large and cannot be satisfied by the heating cabin 10, heat is extracted from the domestic sewage tank 11 through the domestic sewage tank heat exchanger 17 through the auxiliary circulation branch valve 23 and the auxiliary circulation branch expansion valve 24, and participates in the heat exchange of the heat medium water pipeline circulation 3 through the auxiliary circulation condensation heat exchanger 28 as the second-stage heat. When necessary, the electric heating 15 at the antifreeze equipment is used as the third-stage heat supplement or as an emergency antifreeze standby.

[0038] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the contents described in the claims of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A polar ship energy-saving and antifreeze system, characterized in that: It includes a compressor unit piping circulation system, a refrigerant water piping circulation system and a heat medium water piping circulation system. The compressor unit piping circulation system is connected to the refrigerant water piping circulation system and the heat medium water piping circulation system to jointly drive the antifreeze system to operate. The compressor unit piping circulation system is composed of a compressor unit piping main circulation loop and a compressor unit piping auxiliary circulation loop; and is provided with an automatic control device, which drives the heat inside the antifreeze system to migrate from the heating cabin side and the domestic sewage side to the antifreeze equipment side through the joint operation of the compressor of the compressor unit piping circulation system and the cold and hot medium water pumps in the refrigerant water piping circulation system and the heat medium water piping circulation system, thereby utilizing the waste heat of the ship to meet the heating needs of the antifreeze equipment.

2. The energy-saving and antifreeze system for polar ships according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the energy-saving antifreeze system of the polar ship is in operation, the first-level antifreeze heat is first obtained from the heating compartment, while the temperature of the heating compartment is reduced and maintained to the design temperature; when the heat in the heating compartment is insufficient, the second-level antifreeze heat is obtained from the ship's waste heat such as domestic sewage; electric heating is added to the antifreeze equipment as the third-level antifreeze heat or emergency antifreeze system supplement.

3. The energy-saving and antifreeze system for polar ships according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main circulation loop of the compressor unit pipeline includes a compressor, a main circulation expansion valve, an evaporation module, a main circulation condenser in the condensation module and corresponding refrigerant pipelines. The compressor is connected to the main circulation condenser in the condensation module through the main circulation expansion valve and the evaporation module to form the compressor pipeline main circulation.

4. The energy-saving and antifreeze system for polar ships according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary circulation loop of the compressor unit pipeline includes a compressor, an auxiliary circulation branch expansion valve, a domestic sewage tank heat exchanger, an auxiliary circulation condenser in the condensation module and corresponding refrigerant pipelines. The compressor forms an auxiliary circulation of the compressor unit pipeline through the auxiliary circulation branch expansion valve, the domestic sewage tank heat exchanger and the auxiliary circulation condenser in the condensation module.

5. The energy-saving and antifreeze system for polar ships according to claim 1, characterized in that: The refrigerant water pipeline circulation system includes a refrigerant water pump, a heating cabin heat exchanger, a refrigerant water pipeline, and an evaporation module. The refrigerant water pump is connected to the heating cabin heat exchanger in the heating cabin through the evaporation module to form a refrigerant water pipeline circulation.

6. The energy-saving and antifreeze system for polar ships according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat medium water pipeline circulation system includes a heat medium water pump, an antifreeze device heater, a heat medium water pipeline, and a condensation module. The heat medium water pump is connected to the antifreeze device heater through the condensation module to form a heat medium water pipeline circulation.

7. The energy-saving and antifreeze system for polar ships according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple antifreeze devices are connected in parallel to the heat medium water pipeline circulation system, and multiple heating cabins and ship waste heat are connected in parallel to the refrigerant water pipeline circulation.

8. The energy-saving and antifreeze system for polar ships according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circulating medium of the compressor unit pipeline circulation system is refrigerant; the circulating medium of the refrigerant water pipeline circulation system is antifreeze refrigerant water; and the circulating medium of the heat medium water pipeline circulation system is antifreeze heat medium water.

9. The energy-saving and antifreeze system for polar ships according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compressor is a variable frequency compressor.

10. The energy-saving and antifreeze system for polar ships according to claim 1, characterized in that: All circulation pipes in the antifreeze system are wrapped with thermal insulation and anti-cold materials.

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