Ballast track bed hardening depth detection equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses ballast track bed hardening depth detection equipment which comprises a transverse guide rail which is installed on a track crane and stretches across a track, a walking type assembly seat which is installed on the transverse guide rail and can move in the length direction of the transverse guide rail, and a driving mechanism which is installed on the walking type assembly seat and can move in the vertical direction. The output end of the driving mechanism is connected with an adapter rod, the adapter rod is connected with a spiral rotary excavating blade through a torsion type clutch mechanism, and the lower end of the adapter rod is coaxially and detachably connected with an inserting drill rod or a detecting rod or a rotary excavating sampling rod; the spiral rotary excavating blade is movably arranged outside the drill rod, the detection rod or the rotary excavating sampling rod in a sleeving manner. According to the invention, the depth of the hardened layer of the ballast track bed is effectively detected, the buffer capacity and the water permeability of the ballast track bed are judged, and the aim of carrying out targeted cleaning operation on the ballast track bed can be fulfilled by referring to the detection result. The method is suitable for the technical field of hardened layer depth detection in ballast track bed detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of ballasted track bed detection, and in particular relates to a ballasted track bed compaction depth detection device. Background Art

[0002] The ballast track bed is made of crushed stones laid on the roadbed. It is placed under the sleepers to buffer the external forces on the sleepers, increase the service life of the rails, and improve the comfort of passengers. In addition, since there are certain gaps between the crushed stones, on the one hand, it plays a buffering role, and on the other hand, it facilitates the infiltration of precipitation into the ballast track bed and its smooth discharge from the ballast track bed. However, under the influence of factors such as long-term rolling of trains and frequent rainfall, the gaps between the crushed stones will be gradually filled with small stones and mud and sand, and under the action of rainwater, they will gradually penetrate downward until they settle at the bottom of the ballast track bed, eventually forming a compacted layer. As time goes by, the thickness of the compacted layer gradually increases. This will reduce the buffering capacity of the ballasted trackbed, affecting the comfort of passengers and in severe cases causing damage to the rails and / or sleepers. In addition, the drainage performance of the ballasted trackbed will also decrease. When the rainfall is heavy, it cannot be discharged quickly, causing rainwater to overflow the track. Under long-term immersion, the rails and fixings will be damaged, and safety accidents will occur. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides a ballasted track bed compaction depth detection device for detecting the depth of the compaction layer of the ballasted track bed, judging the buffering capacity and water permeability of the ballasted track bed, and realizing the purpose of carrying out targeted cleaning and screening operations on the ballasted track bed by referring to the detection results.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A device for detecting the compaction depth of a ballast track bed comprises a transverse guide rail installed on a track vehicle and spanning the track, a walking assembly seat that can move along the length direction of the transverse guide rail is installed on the transverse guide rail, a driving mechanism that can move vertically is installed on the walking assembly seat, an output end of the driving mechanism is connected to a transfer rod, the transfer rod is connected to a spiral rotary drilling blade through a torsion clutch mechanism, a drill rod or a detection rod or a rotary drilling sampling rod is coaxially and detachably connected to the lower end of the transfer rod, and the spiral rotary drilling blade is movably sleeved outside the drill rod or the detection rod or the rotary drilling sampling rod.

[0005] Furthermore, the walking assembly seat includes a horizontal linear slide mounted on the horizontal guide rail, the horizontal linear slide is connected to two oppositely arranged vertical guide rails through an adapter, and the driving mechanism is arranged between the two vertical guide rails and is transmission-connected to the two vertical guide rails.

[0006] Furthermore, the driving mechanism includes a driving motor mounted on a fixed frame, on which two vertical linear slides are symmetrically mounted, each of which is mounted on a corresponding vertical guide rail, and the output shaft of the driving motor is coaxially connected to the upper end of the transfer rod.

[0007] Furthermore, the spiral drilling blade includes a blade body extending spirally in a vertical direction, the upper end of the blade body is connected to a torsion clutch mechanism, a plurality of fixing holes are spaced apart at the lower end of the blade body, a plurality of connecting screws are constructed at the upper end of the suppression seat, the upper end of each connecting screw passes through a corresponding fixing hole, two threaded sleeves are threadedly connected to the connecting screw, and the two threaded sleeves are screwed tightly at both ends of the fixing hole.

[0008] Furthermore, the radial length of the spiral drilling blade increases along its axial direction. When drilling downward, the large diameter end of the spiral drilling blade is connected to the torsion clutch mechanism, and when pressing downward, the small diameter end of the spiral drilling blade is connected to the torsion clutch mechanism.

[0009] Furthermore, the torsion clutch mechanism includes a clutch seat connected to the spiral drilling blade, a fixed cover is detachably connected to the upper end of the clutch seat, a plurality of elastic clutch parts are evenly installed on the clutch seat along its circumference, and a plurality of snap-in holes are evenly opened on the peripheral wall of the transfer rod along its circumference, and each of the elastic clutch parts is elastically snap-into the corresponding snap-in hole.

[0010] Furthermore, the elastic clutch member includes a first clamping joint whose one end extends radially toward the transfer rod and movably extends out of the clutch seat, the end of the first clamping joint away from the transfer rod is connected to one end of the first telescopic spring, the other end of the first telescopic spring is rotatably connected to the first adjusting screw, the first adjusting screw is threadedly connected to the sealing cap assembled on the clutch seat, and the axes of the first clamping joint, the first telescopic spring and the first adjusting screw coincide.

[0011] Furthermore, the elastic clutch member includes a second clamping joint at one end extending toward the transfer rod along the radial direction of the transfer rod and movably extending out of the clutch seat, a second telescopic spring is mounted on the outside of the second clamping joint, two ends of the second telescopic spring are respectively fixed to the second clamping joint and the clutch seat, an adjustment groove is opened in the second clamping joint, an adjustment head is constructed at one end of the second adjusting screw, the adjustment head is rotatably assembled in the adjustment groove, the second adjusting screw is threadedly connected to the clutch seat, and the axes of the second clamping joint, the second telescopic spring and the second adjusting screw coincide.

[0012] Furthermore, the detection rod includes a first rod body whose upper end is detachably connected to the adapter rod, a first conducting channel is opened in the first rod body, and a plurality of conducting holes are opened in the lower part of the first rod body, and these conducting holes are all connected with the first conducting channel; the adapter rod includes a second rod body with a second conducting channel constructed inside, and when the first rod body and the second rod body are connected, the first conducting channel and the second conducting channel are connected with each other, and an adapter sleeve is rotatably mounted outside the second rod body, and a medium inlet pipe fixed to the driving mechanism is constructed on the adapter sleeve, and the medium inlet pipe is connected with the second conducting channel via the adapter sleeve.

[0013] Furthermore, the rotary drilling sampling rod includes a tubular body arranged vertically, a spiral guide blade extending spirally along its axis is constructed in the tubular body, a rotary drilling head is constructed at the lower end of the tubular body, the diameter of the rotary drilling head gradually decreases downward in the vertical direction, and a plurality of rotary drilling teeth are evenly constructed along the circumference of the small diameter end of the rotary drilling head.

[0014] Due to the adoption of the above structure, the technical progress achieved by the present invention compared with the prior art is that: the present invention controls the rail vehicle to travel on the track, so that it drives the transverse guide rail to move along the extension direction of the track, thereby achieving the purpose of continuous detection of the ballasted track bed. The present invention drives the driving mechanism to move transversely along the ballasted track bed through the travel-type assembly seat traveling on the transverse guide rail. Under the drive of the driving mechanism, the transfer rod drives the torsion clutch mechanism and the spiral rotary drilling blade to rotate and move downward. At the same time, the insertion rod, the detection rod or the rotary drilling sampling rod connected to the lower end of the transfer rod also rotates synchronously. When the lower end of the spiral rotary drilling blade is rotary excavated to the hardened layer, the torsion force on the spiral rotary drilling blade increases, and then the torsion clutch mechanism is disengaged from the drill rod, the detection rod, or the rotary sampling rod under the action of the torsion force; in this way, the driving mechanism drives the drill rod, the detection rod, or the rotary sampling rod to rotate and move downward through the adapter rod alone, which reduces the output power of the driving mechanism, that is, under the rated output power, the drill rod, the detection rod, or the rotary sampling rod can be extended to the bottom of the hardened layer, and then the thickness of the hardened layer is measured. At the same time, the spiral rotary drilling blade also measures the thickness of the gravel layer above the hardened layer, so as to judge the buffering capacity of the ballast track bed. Moreover, when the detection rod is used, compressed air or pressure water can be introduced into the hardened layer and non-hardened layer of the ballast track bed through the detection rod, and the permeability of the hardened layer and non-hardened layer can be judged by the change of the back pressure of the compressed air or pressure water at the conveying end. When the rotary sampling rod is used in the present invention, the compacted layer can be sampled in the vertical direction, and then the composition structure, thickness and other parameters of the compacted layer can be determined. Since the present invention adopts transverse guide rails and track vehicles, the transverse and longitudinal detection of the ballasted track bed can be realized, avoiding errors caused by local or single-point detection. In summary, the present invention can effectively detect the depth of the compacted layer of the ballasted track bed, determine the buffering capacity and water permeability of the ballasted track bed, and can refer to the detection results to achieve the purpose of targeted cleaning and screening of the ballasted track bed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0016] In the attached picture: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the embodiment of the present invention connected with the detection rod; Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the transverse guide rail and the walking type assembly seat according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the driving mechanism, the transfer rod, the first over-torque clutch mechanism, the spiral rotary drilling blade and the detection rod according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the axial connection structure of the adapter rod, the first over-torque clutch mechanism, the spiral rotary drilling blade and the detection rod according to the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified view of the structure of the middle A part; Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the second torsion clutch mechanism and the spiral rotary drilling blade according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a partially disassembled structure of a second torsion clutch mechanism connected to a spiral rotary drilling blade according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 It is an axial structural cross-sectional view of a second torsion clutch mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the driving mechanism, the transfer rod and the detection rod according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of another form of a spiral rotary drilling blade according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.11 It is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the transverse guide rail, the vertical drive member, the walking assembly seat, the drive mechanism, the transfer rod, the torsion clutch mechanism and the spiral rotary drilling blade according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connection between the torsion clutch mechanism and the spiral rotary drilling blade according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.13 It is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the driving mechanism, the vibrator, the adapter rod, the torsion clutch mechanism and the spiral rotary drilling blade according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.14 It is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the driving mechanism, the vibrator, the adapter rod and the rotary drilling sampling rod according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.15 This is a cross-sectional view of the axial structure of the rotary drilling sampling rod according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Labeled parts: 100-horizontal guide rail, 200-walking assembly seat, 201-adapter seat, 202-horizontal linear slide, 203-vertical guide rail, 204-vertical drive member, 205-vibrator, 300-driving mechanism, 301-driving motor, 302-output shaft, 303-fixed frame, 304-vertical linear slide, 400-adapter rod, 401-second rod body, 402-card hole, 403-second conduction channel, 500-torsion clutch mechanism, 501-clutch seat, 502-fixed cover, 503-sealing cap, 504-first card joint, 505-first telescopic spring, 506-first adjusting screw, 507-assembly port, 508-clutch seat, 509-fixed cover, 510-sealing cap, 511-first card joint, 512-first telescopic spring, 513-first adjusting screw, 514-first telescopic spring, 515-first telescopic spring, 516-first telescopic spring, 517-first telescopic spring, 518-first telescopic spring, 519-first telescopic spring, 520-first telescopic spring, 521-first telescopic spring, 522-first telescopic spring, 523-first telescopic spring, 524-first telescopic spring, 525-first telescopic spring, 526-first telescopic spring, 527-first telescopic spring, 528-first telescopic spring, 529-first telescopic spring, 530-first telescopic spring, 531-first telescopic spring, 532-first telescopic spring, 533-first telescopic spring, 534-first telescopic spring, 535-first telescopic spring, 5 8-operating rib, 509-second card joint, 510-adjusting groove, 511-blocking seat, 512-second telescopic spring, 513-second adjusting screw, 514-adjusting head, 600-spiral rotary digging blade, 601-blade body, 602-fixing hole, 603-suppression seat, 604-connecting screw, 605-threaded sleeve, 700-detection rod, 701-first rod body, 702-first conducting channel, 703-conducting hole, 704-rod head, 800-conducting part, 801-adapter sleeve, 802-medium inlet tube, 900-rotary digging sampling rod, 901-tubular body, 902-spiral guide blade, 903-rotary digging head, 904-rotary digging teeth. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0019] The present invention discloses a device for detecting the compaction depth of a ballast track bed. Figure 1-15As shown, it includes a transverse guide rail 100, a walking assembly seat 200, a driving mechanism 300, a transfer rod 400, a torsion clutch mechanism 500 and a spiral rotary excavation blade 600. The transverse guide rail 100 is installed on the rail vehicle and spans above the rail. The walking assembly seat 200 is installed on the transverse guide rail 100, and the walking assembly seat 200 can move along the length direction of the transverse guide rail 100. The driving mechanism 300 is installed on the walking assembly seat 200, and the driving mechanism 300 can move in the vertical direction. The output end of the driving mechanism 300 is detachably connected to the upper end of the transfer rod 400, and the transfer rod 400 is connected to the spiral rotary excavation blade 600 through the torsion clutch mechanism 500. The present invention is coaxially detachably connected with a drill rod or a detection rod 700 or a rotary excavation sampling rod 900 at the lower end of the adapter rod 400, and the spiral rotary excavation blade 600 is movably arranged outside the drill rod or the detection rod 700 or the rotary excavation sampling rod 900. The working principle and advantages of the present invention are: the present invention controls the rail vehicle to walk on the track, so that it drives the transverse guide rail 100 to move along the extension direction of the track, thereby achieving the purpose of continuous detection of the ballasted track bed. The present invention drives the driving mechanism 300 to move horizontally along the ballasted track bed through the walking assembly seat 200 walking on the transverse guide rail 100. Under the drive of the driving mechanism 300, the adapter rod 400 drives the torsion clutch mechanism 500 and the spiral rotary excavation blade 600 to rotate and move downward. At the same time, the drill rod or the detection rod 700 or the rotary excavation sampling rod 900 connected to the lower end of the adapter rod 400 also rotates synchronously. When the lower end of the spiral drilling blade 600 drills to the compacted layer, the torsion on the spiral drilling blade 600 increases, and then the torsion clutch mechanism 500 disengages the spiral drilling blade 600 from the drill rod or the detection rod 700 or the drilling sampling rod 900 under the action of the torsion; in this way, the driving mechanism 300 drives the drill rod or the detection rod 700 or the drilling sampling rod 900 to rotate and move downward through the adapter rod 400, thereby reducing the output power of the driving mechanism 300, that is, under the rated output power, the drill rod or the detection rod 700 or the drilling sampling rod 900 can extend to the lowermost end of the compacted layer, and then measure the thickness of the compacted layer. At the same time, the spiral drilling blade 600 also measures the thickness of the gravel layer above the compacted layer, thereby judging the buffering capacity of the ballast bed. Furthermore, when the detection rod 700 is used, compressed air or pressure water can be introduced into the compacted layer and non-compacted layer of the ballasted track bed through the detection rod 700, and the water permeability of the compacted layer and the non-compacted layer can be determined by the change in the back pressure of the compressed air or pressure water at the conveying end. When the rotary sampling rod 900 is used in the present invention, the compacted layer can be sampled in the vertical direction to determine the composition structure, thickness and other parameters of the compacted layer. Since the present invention uses the transverse guide rail 100 and the rail vehicle, the transverse and longitudinal detection of the ballasted track bed can be realized, avoiding the situation where errors occur due to local or single-point detection.In summary, the present invention can effectively detect the depth of the compacted layer of the ballast track bed, judge the buffering capacity and water permeability of the ballast track bed, and refer to the detection results to achieve the purpose of carrying out targeted cleaning and screening operations on the ballast track bed.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 As shown, the walking assembly seat 200 includes an adapter seat 201, a horizontal linear slide 202 and two vertical guide rails 203. Among them, the horizontal linear slide 202 is assembled on the horizontal guide rail 100, and the horizontal linear slide 202 is connected to the two vertical guide rails 203 through the adapter seat 201. The two vertical guide rails 203 are arranged relatively, and the driving mechanism 300 is arranged between the two vertical guide rails 203, and the driving mechanism 300 is connected to the two vertical guide rails 203 in transmission connection. The working principle and advantage of this embodiment are: this embodiment realizes the lateral movement of the driving mechanism 300 along the ballasted track by the horizontal linear slide 202, so as to achieve the purpose of detecting different positions of the ballasted track in the horizontal direction. The driving mechanism 300 of this embodiment guides along the vertical guide rail 203 to achieve the purpose of detecting the target position of the ballasted track.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 , 9 As shown, the driving mechanism 300 includes a driving motor 301, a fixing frame 303 and two vertical linear slides 304. The driving motor 301 is mounted on the fixing frame 303, and the two vertical linear slides 304 are symmetrically mounted on the fixing frame 303. Each vertical linear slide 304 is assembled on a corresponding vertical guide rail 203, and the output shaft 302 of the driving motor 301 is coaxially connected to the upper end of the transfer rod 400. The working principle and advantages of this embodiment are as follows: this embodiment drives the fixing frame 303 and the driving motor 301 to move in the vertical direction through two vertical linear slides 304, so that the driving motor 301 drives the transfer rod 400, the torsion clutch mechanism 500, the spiral rotary excavation blade 600, etc. to move in the vertical direction; when the torsion clutch mechanism 500 is in a locked state, the driving motor 301 drives the spiral rotary excavation blade 600 to rotate, and synchronously drives the inserting rod or the detection rod 700 or the rotary excavation sampling rod 900 to rotate, so that the spiral rotary excavation blade 6 00 The gravel layer of the ballasted roadbed is rotary drilled; when the lower end of the spiral drilling blade 600 drills to the compacted layer, due to the large torque it bears, the torsion clutch mechanism 500 is in a disengaged state, and then the spiral drilling blade 600 is in a non-rotating state, and the drill rod or the detection rod 700 or the rotary drilling sampling rod 900 continues to be driven to rotate and gradually moves downward, so that the drill rod or the detection rod 700 or the rotary drilling sampling rod 900 gradually extends into the compacted layer, measures the depth of the compacted layer, detects the density of the compacted layer, or samples the compacted layer.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 , 4 As shown in Figures 6, 11, 12, and 13, the spiral rotary drilling blade 600 includes a blade body 601, which extends spirally in the vertical direction, and the upper end of the blade body 601 is connected to the torsion clutch mechanism 500. In this embodiment, under the premise of non-rotary drilling, the ballasted track bed is elastically compressed to achieve the purpose of detecting the density of the crushed stone layer of the ballasted track bed, or the newly laid ballasted track bed is elastically suppressed to improve the density of the ballasted track bed. The means adopted are that a plurality of fixing holes 602 are spaced apart at the lower end of the blade body 601, and a plurality of connecting screws 604 are constructed at the upper end of the suppression seat 603. The upper end of each connecting screw 604 passes through the corresponding fixing hole 602, and two threaded sleeves 605 are threadedly connected to each connecting screw 604. The two threaded sleeves 605 are tightened at the two ends of the fixing hole 602, so that the connecting screw 604 is fixedly connected to the blade body 601. In this embodiment, when the ballasted track bed is pressurized by the spiral drilling blade 600, the pressure seat 603 acts directly on the ballasted track bed. At this time, the spiral drilling blade 600 has a certain vertical elastic deformation when subjected to external force. In the process of elastic pressure, it plays a buffering role, effectively unloading the force and avoiding damage to various components due to local concentrated force.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Fig.10 As shown, the radial length of the spiral drilling blade 600 increases along its axial direction. When downward drilling is performed, the large diameter end of the spiral drilling blade 600 is connected to the torsion clutch mechanism 500, and the small diameter end of the spiral drilling blade 600 is vertically downward, thereby reducing the resistance of the spiral drilling blade 600 to downward drilling and improving the efficiency of drilling. When downward pressure is performed, the small diameter end of the spiral drilling blade 600 is connected to the torsion clutch mechanism 500, and the large diameter end of the spiral drilling blade 600 is vertically downward. When the upper end of the ballasted track bed is elastically suppressed, the vertical external force is gradually evenly distributed from the upper end of the spiral drilling blade 600 to the large diameter end of the spiral drilling blade 600 in a dispersed form, thereby increasing the area and effect of elastic suppression, avoiding the situation where the ballasted track bed is subjected to a single point force and causes inaccurate detection, or causes uneven elastic suppression of the ballasted track bed. In this embodiment, the ballasted track bed is elastically compacted to improve the compactness of the ballasted track bed. The measures taken are: a vibrator 205 is installed on the driving mechanism 300. During the elastic compaction process, the vibrator 205 drives the spiral drilling blade 600 and the compaction seat 603 to vibrate, thereby improving the efficiency of the elastic compaction.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4-8As shown, the torsion clutch mechanism 500 includes a clutch seat 501, a fixed cover 502 and a plurality of elastic clutch members. The clutch seat 501 is connected with the spiral rotary excavation blade 600, and the fixed cover 502 is detachably connected to the upper end of the clutch seat 501, generally in the form of a threaded connection. A plurality of operating ribs 508 are uniformly constructed along the circumference of the upper end of the fixed cover 502. The function of the operating ribs 508 is to facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the fixed cover 502 on the one hand, and to strengthen the strength of the fixed cover 502 on the other hand. The plurality of elastic clutch members described in this embodiment are installed on the clutch seat 501, and these elastic clutch members are uniformly arranged along the circumference of the clutch seat 501. An assembly port 507 is provided at the center of the clutch seat 501 and the fixed cover 502. The lower end of the transfer rod 400 passes through the fixed cover 502 and the clutch seat 501 through the assembly port 507, and each elastic clutch member extends into the assembly port 507 radially inwardly of the clutch seat 501. In this embodiment, a plurality of clamping holes 402 are provided on the peripheral wall of the transfer rod 400, and these clamping holes 402 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the transfer rod 400, and each elastic clutch is elastically clamped in the corresponding clamping hole 402. The working principle and advantage of this embodiment are: when the ballasted roadbed is rotary excavated by the spiral excavation blade 600, since the elastic clutch is elastically clamped in the clamping hole 402, when the torsion of the spiral excavation blade 600 is small, the driving motor 301 drives the spiral excavation blade 600 to rotate through the transfer rod 400, and under the action of the vertical linear slide 304, the spiral excavation blade 600 is gradually rotary excavated downward. When the lower end of the spiral drilling blade 600 drills into the compacted layer, the spiral drilling blade 600 is subjected to a relatively large torque. Thus, under the action of the large torque, the adapter rod 400 rotates and causes each elastic clutch member to disengage from the snap-in hole 402, and the drill rod or the detection rod 700 or the rotary drilling sampling rod 900 gradually extends into the compacted layer to measure the depth of the compacted layer, detect the density, or take samples.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the elastic clutch member adopts two implementation modes. The first implementation mode of the elastic clutch member is as follows: Figure 4 , 5As shown, the elastic clutch member includes a first clamping joint 504, a first telescopic spring 505 and a first adjusting screw 506, and the axes of the first clamping joint 504, the first telescopic spring 505 and the first adjusting screw 506 coincide. One end of the first clamping joint 504 extends toward the transfer rod 400 along the radial direction of the transfer rod 400, and the first clamping joint 504 movably extends out of the clutch seat 501, and one end of the first clamping joint 504 away from the transfer rod 400 is connected to one end of the first telescopic spring 505, and the other end of the first telescopic spring 505 is rotatably connected to the first adjusting screw 506. A plurality of sealing caps 503 are evenly fixedly installed on the outer peripheral wall of the clutch seat 501 along the circumference thereof, and the first adjusting screw 506 is threadedly connected to the corresponding sealing caps 503. The working principle and advantages of this embodiment are as follows: the first telescopic spring 505 of this embodiment is in a compressed state, which drives the first clamping joint 504 to be elastically clamped in the clamping hole 402. After the torque between the first clamping joint 504 and the adapter rod 400 exceeds the rated range, the first clamping joint 504 is disengaged from the clamping hole 402 under the action of the torque, so that the transmission relationship between the spiral rotary excavation blade 600 and the adapter rod 400 is released. In this embodiment, the preload force of the first telescopic spring 505 can be adjusted by rotating the first adjusting screw 506, thereby changing the clamping force between the first clamping joint 504 and the adapter rod 400, and adjusting the torque threshold for the spiral rotary excavation blade 600 to be disengaged from the adapter rod 400. The two limit values ​​of adjustment are: when in the natural state, the first clamping joint 504 is completely disengaged from the clamping hole 402. In this state, the drill rod or the detection rod 700 or the rotary sampling rod 900 is driven by the adapter rod 400 to pass through the gravel layer of the ballast track bed and directly extend into the compacted layer. However, since the drill rod or the detection rod 700 or the rotary sampling rod 900 directly passes through the gravel layer, it is very easy for the drill rod or the detection rod 700 or the rotary sampling rod 900 to touch the gravel and cannot move downward; or the first clamping joint 504 is completely clamped in the clamping hole 402 and cannot be disengaged from the clamping hole 402 under any torque, so that the spiral drilling blade 600 is rotary drilled downward and forced to drill the compacted layer. However, in this state, the spiral drilling blade 600 is easily damaged. The second implementation method of the elastic clutch is as follows: Figure 7 , 8As shown, the elastic clutch member includes a second clamping joint 509, a second telescopic spring 512 and a second adjusting screw 513, and the axes of the second clamping joint 509, the second telescopic spring 512 and the second adjusting screw 513 coincide. Among them, one end of the second clamping joint 509 extends toward the transfer rod 400 along the radial direction of the transfer rod 400, and the second clamping joint 509 movably extends out of the clutch seat 501 and extends into the assembly port 507. The second telescopic spring 512 of this embodiment is sleeved outside the second clamping joint 509, and the two ends of the second telescopic spring 512 are respectively fixed to the second clamping joint 509 and the clutch seat 501. An adjusting groove 510 is provided in the second clamping joint 509, and a blocking seat 511 is fixed to one end of the adjusting groove 510 away from the transfer rod 400. In this embodiment, an adjustment head 514 is configured at one end of the second adjustment screw 513, and the adjustment head 514 is rotatably assembled in the adjustment slot 510. The second adjustment screw 513 extends out of the adjustment slot 510 through the blocking seat 511, and the second adjustment screw 513 is threadedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the clutch seat 501. The working principle and advantages of this embodiment are: the second telescopic spring 512 of this embodiment is in a natural state or a stretched state or a compressed state, and the second clamping joint 509 is clamped in the clamping hole 402. When the torque between the transfer rod 400 and the second clamping joint 509 exceeds a predetermined range, the second clamping joint 509 is separated from the clamping hole 402, so as to achieve the purpose of releasing the fixation between the transfer rod 400 and the spiral rotary excavation blade 600. In this embodiment, the second adjusting screw 513 is rotated to pull the second clamping joint 509 to move. At this time, there are three states: the first state is that the second telescopic spring 512 is always in a natural state, the second state is that the second telescopic spring 512 is in a stretched state, and the third state is that the second telescopic spring 512 is in a compressed state. In the three states, the second clamping joint 509 is disengaged from the clamping hole 402, or the second clamping joint 509 is elastically clamped in the clamping hole 402 (the elastic clamping relay force can be adjusted by rotating the second adjusting screw 513, thereby changing the torque value of the clutch), or the second clamping joint 509 is fixedly clamped in the clamping hole 402 (so that the transfer rod 400 and the spiral rotary excavation blade 600 are always connected and fixed).

[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 , 5As shown in , 9, the detection rod 700 includes a first rod body 701, the upper end of the first rod body 701 is detachably connected to the lower end of the transfer rod 400, a first conductive channel 702 is provided in the first rod body 701, a plurality of conductive holes 703 are provided at the lower part of the first rod body 701, and these conductive holes 703 are all connected to the first conductive channel 702, and a pointed rod head 704 is constructed at the lower end of the first rod body 701, so that the first rod body 701 can smoothly extend into the hardened layer. The transfer rod 400 of this embodiment includes a second rod body 401, and a second conductive channel 403 is constructed inside the second rod body 401. When the first rod body 701 is connected to the second rod body 401, the first conductive channel 702 and the second conductive channel 403 are connected to each other. In this embodiment, a conducting member 800 is installed outside the second rod body 401, and the conducting member 800 includes an adapter sleeve 801 and a medium inlet pipe 802, wherein the adapter sleeve 801 is rotatably mounted outside the second rod body 401, and the medium inlet pipe 802 is constructed on the adapter sleeve 801, and the medium inlet pipe 802 is connected and fixed to the fixing frame 303 of the driving mechanism 300, and the medium inlet pipe 802 is connected to the second conducting channel 403 through the inner cavity of the adapter sleeve 801. The working principle and advantage of this embodiment are: this embodiment can measure the depth of the compacted layer of the ballast track bed through the detection rod 700, and can also detect the air permeability or water permeability of the crushed stone layer and / or compacted layer of the ballast track bed. Specifically, when performing depth measurement, since the external force provided by the vertical linear slide 304 is insufficient to insert the detection rod 700 into the bottom of the hardened layer, it is necessary to install a vertical drive member 204 between the drive motor 301 and the adapter 201. The vertical drive member 204 is generally a hydraulic cylinder. The torsion clutch mechanism 500 releases the connection between the adapter rod 400 and the spiral drilling blade 600. The vertical drive member 204 drives the drive mechanism 300 to move downward, thereby driving the detection rod 700 to gradually insert into the bottom of the hardened layer through the adapter rod 400. In order to reduce the difficulty of insertion, high-pressure gas or high-pressure water can be supplied to the detection rod 700 through the conductive member 800, and the high-pressure gas or high-pressure water is ejected from the conductive hole 703 to realize the fracturing function, thereby allowing the detection rod 700 to be smoothly inserted into the hardened layer. When testing the air permeability or water permeability, after the testing rod 700 is inserted into the crushed stone layer or the compacted layer to a predetermined depth, high-pressure gas or high-pressure water is supplied to the testing rod 700 through the conductive piece 800, and a pressure gauge is installed on the medium inlet pipe 802. The air permeability or water permeability of the ballast bed is judged by the pressure change displayed by the pressure gauge, and then it is judged whether the ballast bed needs to be repaired or maintained.

[0027] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Fig.14 , 15As shown, the rotary sampling rod 900 includes a tubular body 901 arranged vertically, a spiral guide blade 902 is constructed in the tubular body 901, and the spiral guide blade 902 extends spirally along the axis of the tubular body 901. A rotary digging head 903 is constructed at the lower end of the tubular body 901, and the diameter of the rotary digging head 903 gradually decreases downward in the vertical direction. The purpose is to prevent gravel with a larger particle size from entering the tubular body 901 during the process of the rotary digging head 903 passing through the gravel layer of the ballast track bed. In this embodiment, a plurality of rotary digging teeth 904 are constructed at the small diameter end of the rotary digging head 903, and these rotary digging teeth 904 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the rotary digging head 903. The working principle and advantages of this embodiment are as follows: this embodiment uses a spiral drilling blade 600 to rotary drill the gravel layer of the ballasted roadbed. When encountering a compacted layer, the spiral drilling blade 600 and the adapter rod 400 release the transmission connection. At this time, the adapter rod 400 drives the rotary drilling sampling rod 900 to rotary drill downward, and the matrix of the compacted layer being rotary drilled gradually enters the tubular body 901. After that, the matrix sampled by rotary drilling is taken out for analysis and judgment of the specific parameters of the compacted layer, so as to facilitate subsequent targeted treatment.

[0028] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ballast track bed compaction depth detection device, characterized in that: It comprises a transverse guide rail installed on the rail vehicle and spanning the track, a walking assembly seat which can move along the length direction of the transverse guide rail is installed on the transverse guide rail, a driving mechanism which can move vertically is installed on the walking assembly seat, a transfer rod is connected to the output end of the driving mechanism, the transfer rod is connected to the spiral rotary drilling blade through a torsion clutch mechanism, a drill rod or a detection rod or a rotary drilling sampling rod is coaxially and detachably connected to the lower end of the transfer rod, and the spiral rotary drilling blade is movably sleeved outside the drill rod or the detection rod or the rotary drilling sampling rod.

2. The ballast track bed compaction depth detection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The walking assembly seat comprises a transverse linear slide mounted on a transverse guide rail, the transverse linear slide is connected to two oppositely arranged vertical guide rails via an adapter, and the driving mechanism is arranged between the two vertical guide rails and is transmission-connected to the two vertical guide rails.

3. The ballast track bed compaction depth detection device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The driving mechanism includes a driving motor mounted on a fixing frame, on which two vertical linear slides are symmetrically mounted, each of which is mounted on a corresponding vertical guide rail, and the output shaft of the driving motor is coaxially connected to the upper end of the transfer rod.

4. The device for detecting the compaction depth of a ballast track bed according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The spiral drilling blade includes a blade body extending spirally in a vertical direction, the upper end of the blade body is connected to a torsion clutch mechanism, a plurality of fixing holes are spaced apart at the lower end of the blade body, a plurality of connecting screws are constructed at the upper end of the suppression seat, the upper end of each connecting screw passes through a corresponding fixing hole, two threaded sleeves are threadedly connected to the connecting screw, and the two threaded sleeves are screwed tightly at both ends of the fixing hole.

5. The device for detecting the compaction depth of ballast track according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The radial length of the spiral drilling blade increases along its axial direction. When drilling downward, the large diameter end of the spiral drilling blade is connected to the torsion clutch mechanism. When pressing downward, the small diameter end of the spiral drilling blade is connected to the torsion clutch mechanism.

6. The ballast track bed compaction depth detection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The torsion clutch mechanism includes a clutch seat connected to the spiral drilling blade, a fixed cover is detachably connected to the upper end of the clutch seat, a plurality of elastic clutch parts are evenly installed on the clutch seat along its circumference, and a plurality of clamping holes are evenly opened on the peripheral wall of the transfer rod along its circumference, and each of the elastic clutch parts is elastically clamped in the corresponding clamping hole.

7. The device for detecting the compaction depth of ballast track according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The elastic clutch member includes a first clamping joint whose one end extends toward the transfer rod along the radial direction of the transfer rod and movably extends out of the clutch seat, the first clamping joint is connected to one end of the first telescopic spring at one end away from the transfer rod, the other end of the first telescopic spring is rotatably connected to the first adjusting screw, the first adjusting screw is threadedly connected to the sealing cap assembled on the clutch seat, and the axes of the first clamping joint, the first telescopic spring and the first adjusting screw coincide.

8. The device for detecting the compaction depth of ballast track according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The elastic clutch member includes a second clamping joint at one end extending toward the transfer rod along the radial direction of the transfer rod and movably extending out of the clutch seat, a second telescopic spring is sleeved on the outside of the second clamping joint, two ends of the second telescopic spring are respectively fixed to the second clamping joint and the clutch seat, an adjustment groove is opened in the second clamping joint, an adjustment head is constructed at one end of the second adjusting screw, the adjustment head is rotatably assembled in the adjustment groove, the second adjusting screw is threadedly connected to the clutch seat, and the axes of the second clamping joint, the second telescopic spring and the second adjusting screw coincide.

9. The device for detecting the compaction depth of ballast track bed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection rod includes a first rod body whose upper end is detachably connected to the adapter rod, a first conducting channel is opened in the first rod body, and a plurality of conducting holes are opened in the lower part of the first rod body, and these conducting holes are all connected with the first conducting channel; the adapter rod includes a second rod body with a second conducting channel constructed inside, and when the first rod body and the second rod body are connected, the first conducting channel and the second conducting channel are connected with each other, and an adapter sleeve is rotatably mounted outside the second rod body, and a medium inlet pipe fixed to the driving mechanism is constructed on the adapter sleeve, and the medium inlet pipe is connected with the second conducting channel via the adapter sleeve.

10. The device for detecting the compaction depth of ballast track according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary drilling sampling rod includes a tubular body arranged vertically, a spiral material guide blade extending spirally along its axis is constructed in the tubular body, a rotary drilling head is constructed at the lower end of the tubular body, the diameter of the rotary drilling head gradually decreases downward in the vertical direction, and a plurality of rotary drilling teeth are evenly constructed along the circumference of the small diameter end of the rotary drilling head.

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