Slope treatment construction method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of stone side slope treatment, in particular to a side slope treatment construction method which comprises the following steps: S1, side slope investigation: carrying out geological investigation on a side slope area; s2, a slope stress model is established, a complete design scheme is formulated, and the project amount, the construction process and the technical requirements are determined; s3, rock excavation is conducted, stepped layered excavation is adopted, and slope cutting and leveling are conducted on the side slope; s3, construction of a drainage system: excavating an intercepting ditch at the top of the slope and excavating a drainage ditch at the toe of the slope; and S4, anchoring construction. The method has the effect of improving the stability of the side slope.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of rock slope management, and in particular to a slope management construction method. Background Art

[0002] At present, slope refers to the inclined surface formed by natural factors or human activities on the surface of the earth, usually with a certain height and slope. Under the dual effects of natural factors and human activities, slopes are prone to instability. Slope instability refers to the destruction of the soil or rock structure of the slope, leading to landslides, collapses and other problems. Slope instability not only poses a threat to the safety of people's lives and property, but may also cause major environmental damage and social and economic losses.

[0003] Therefore, a slope control construction method is urgently needed. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to improve the stability of the slope, the present application provides a slope management construction method.

[0005] This application provides a slope control construction method, which adopts the following technical solution: A slope control construction method comprises the following steps: S1: Slope survey, geological survey of the slope area; S2: Establish slope force model, formulate complete design plan, determine engineering quantity, construction technology and technical requirements; S3: Stone excavation, using stepped layered excavation to cut and level the slope; S4: Drainage system construction, including digging intercepting ditches at the top of the slope and drainage ditches at the foot of the slope; S5: Anchoring construction.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, after a comprehensive geological survey of the slope area, an accurate slope force model can be established, and a complete construction design plan can be formulated based on the model. The slope is cut and leveled by stepped layered excavation, which improves the stability of the slope and reduces the construction risk. The mutual cooperation of the intercepting ditch at the top of the slope and the drainage ditch at the foot of the slope effectively reduces the possibility of soil erosion when rainwater scours the slope. In addition, the stability of the slope is further enhanced through anchoring construction.

[0007] Optional, in S3, the specific steps are as follows: S31: Survey and set out. Set up a survey control network at the construction site, use a total station to conduct survey and construction control, accurately lay out the excavation contour of the roadbed slope according to the designed slope ratio, and then use temporary marking materials to mark the contour line at the construction site; S32: according to the contour line, the soil on the surface of the construction area is cleaned to expose the stone to be crushed, and then the exposed stone is crushed; S33: Clean up the gravel and complete the slope cutting and leveling.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, construction workers carried out construction along the contour line, which effectively improved the accuracy and efficiency of slope stone excavation and reduced the safety hazards caused by inaccurate construction, thereby ensuring the quality and construction safety of the slope management project.

[0009] Optionally, in S3, the excavation slope ratio of the rock layer is 1:0.3, and the excavation slope ratio of the gravel cover layer is 1:1.2.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the rock excavation adopts a slope ratio of 1:0.3, which improves the stability of the rock excavation and reduces the risk of instability of the rock slope; the gravel overlay excavation adopts a slope ratio of 1:1.2, which ensures the safety during the excavation of the gravel overlay and is conducive to improving the overall stability of the slope.

[0011] Optionally, in S5, the specific steps are as follows: S51: Anchor hole position measurement: According to the design plan, within the anchor construction range, fixed piles are set at the starting and ending points of the first row of anchors using instruments, and the positions of other anchor holes are measured based on the fixed piles; S52: Set up the operating platform, which uses scaffolding; S53: Use a drilling rig to drill holes at the determined anchor hole positions, insert the anchors into the anchor holes and inject cement mortar to tension the prestressed anchors.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the positions of other anchor holes are measured based on the fixed piles, which helps to reduce the position error of the anchor holes, facilitates accurate drilling using a drilling rig, ensures the quality of drilling, and enables the anchor to withstand the prestress required by the design at the exact position, further enhancing the stability of the slope.

[0013] Optionally, in S53, the water-cement ratio of the cement mortar is 1:0.4, and the cement-sand ratio is 1:1.

[0014] Optionally, in S53, a fixed drilling rig needs to be installed before drilling to ensure that the longitudinal and lateral errors of the anchor hole are no more than ±30mm, the elevation error is no more than ±100mm, the drilling inclination and drilling direction meet the design requirements, the allowable error of the drilling inclination is less than ±1.0°, the allowable error of the drilling azimuth is less than ±2.0°, the drilling diameter and depth requirements shall not be less than the design value, the hole mouth deviation is no more than ±20mm, and the allowable deviation of the hole depth is +100mm.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, accurate measurement and drilling of anchor hole positions are ensured, the accuracy of anchor construction is improved, construction errors are reduced, and the stability and reliability of the slope management structure are enhanced.

[0016] Optionally, in S4, a drainage pipe is provided in the slope, and one end of the drainage pipe extends out of the slope and is inclined downward.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, one end of the drain pipe extends out of the slope and is tilted downward, which is beneficial for the drain pipe to drain water accumulated inside the slope on the one hand, and is beneficial for preventing external rainwater from entering the slope through the drain pipe on the other hand, thereby preventing slope stability problems caused by water accumulation and improving the overall stability of the slope structure.

[0018] Optionally, in S4, multiple observation points are set in the intercepting ditch, and the multiple observation points are distributed along the length direction of the intercepting ditch. A positioning point is set in the intercepting ditch, and the soil condition at the top of the slope can be monitored by observing the relative position between the positioning point and the multiple observation points.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, construction workers can determine the soil conditions at the top of the slope by detecting the relative positions between the positioning point and multiple observation points, and promptly discover potential changes in the slope, thereby improving the safety and reliability of slope management construction.

[0020] Optionally, the observation point includes a base and an observation mark arranged on the base, the base is arranged in the intercepting ditch, and the base is made of a composite material.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the base is made of composite materials, which makes the base corrosion-resistant and light in weight, thereby facilitating the base to work for a long time, and when the soil conditions at the top of the slope change, the base can move with the soil, thereby facilitating effective monitoring of the soil conditions at the top of the slope and ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring data.

[0022] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. By cutting and leveling the slope, digging the drainage system and anchoring the slope, the structure of the slope is changed, effectively reducing the possibility of soil erosion when rainwater scours the slope, thereby improving the stability of the slope.

[0023] 2. By setting positioning points and multiple observation points in the intercepting ditch, construction personnel can determine the soil conditions at the top of the slope by detecting the relative positions between the positioning points and multiple observation points, and timely discover potential changes in the slope, thereby improving the safety and reliability of slope management construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a construction flow chart of a slope management construction method in an embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the slope management construction in Example 1 of the present application.

[0026] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0027] Figure 4 It is a top view of the slope management construction in Example 2 of the present application.

[0028] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the observation point in Example 2 of the present application.

[0029] Description of reference numerals: 1. Slope; 11. Intercepting ditch; 12. Drainage ditch; 13. Drainage pipe; 2. Anchor rod; 3. Positioning point; 4. Observation point; 41. Base; 42. Observation mark. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following is combined with Figure 1-5 This application is described in further detail.

[0031] The embodiment of the present application discloses a slope management construction method.

[0032] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicating orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0033] Embodiment 1: Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 , a slope control construction method comprises the following steps: S1: Slope 1 survey: Conduct a detailed geological survey of the slope 1 area before construction to understand the relevant information such as the topography, geology, hydrology and meteorology of the slope 1.

[0034] S2: Establish the force model of slope 1. According to the type and geological conditions of slope 1, select appropriate analysis methods and analysis software to analyze the force characteristics of slope 1. According to the analysis results and on-site survey data, formulate a complete design plan and determine the engineering quantity, construction process and technical requirements.

[0035] S3: rock excavation, using stepped layered excavation to cut and level the slope 1, during which the slope ratio and excavation depth are strictly controlled to avoid the problem of unstable soil of the slope 1 due to excavation transition. In this embodiment, the excavation slope ratio of the rock layer is 1:0.3, and the excavation slope ratio of the gravel cover layer is 1:1.2.

[0036] Specifically, the steps of S3 are as follows: S31: Survey and lay out, set up a survey control network at the construction site, use a total station to measure and control the construction, accurately lay out the excavation contour of the roadbed slope 1 according to the designed slope ratio, and then use temporary marking materials to mark the contour line at the construction site. In this embodiment, the temporary marking material is white lime, and the slope 1 control and lay out accuracy is not greater than ±1cm.

[0037] S32: According to the contour line, an excavator is used to remove the soil on the surface of the construction area to expose the stone to be crushed. The construction workers then mark the actual construction area with a spacing of 50-100cm between the marking points. A breaker hammer is used to drill and crush the marked points to achieve the crushing of the stone.

[0038] In this embodiment, the slope 1 is constructed by layered excavation from top to bottom, so a construction platform is built on the mountainside plank road terrain, and the width of the platform is not less than 6m to facilitate the placement of the breaker and excavator.

[0039] S33: Clean the broken gravel and complete the slope cutting and leveling of the slope 1.

[0040] S4: Construction of drainage system, including digging intercepting ditch 11 at the top of the slope and digging drainage ditch 12 at the foot of the slope. The setting of intercepting ditch 11 can effectively intercept the surface runoff from the top of the slope to the foot of the slope, so as to reduce soil erosion.

[0041] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 In S4, after digging the intercepting ditch 11 and the drainage ditch 12, structural joints are set at intervals in the intercepting ditch 11 and the drainage ditch 12, and the structural joints are filled with closed-cell foam boards. A drainage hole is dug in the slope surface, and a drainage pipe 13 is set in the drainage hole. One end of the drainage pipe 13 extends out of the slope surface and is set downwardly. In this embodiment, the drainage pipe 13 is a PVC drainage pipe 13.

[0042] The provision of the drain pipe 13 is, on the one hand, conducive to enabling the drain pipe 13 to drain water accumulated inside the slope surface, and on the other hand, conducive to preventing external rainwater from entering the slope 1 through the drain pipe 13, thereby helping to prevent the stability problem of the slope 1 caused by water accumulation, so as to improve the overall stability of the slope 1 structure.

[0043] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 , S5: Anchoring construction; specifically, the steps of S5 are as follows: S51: Anchor hole position measurement. According to the design plan, within the construction range of anchor 2, fixed piles are set at the starting and ending points of the first row of anchors 2 using instruments. The anchors 2 are encrypted in the middle according to the horizontal spacing, and it is ensured that they are not damaged during the construction stage. Then, with the fixed piles as the reference, the engineering line and steel ruler are used to measure and the length of the slope is divided equally to determine the positions of other anchor holes. The hole position error shall not exceed ±30 mm. The measured hole positions are semi-permanently marked with φ8 steel bars and marked with red paint. It is strictly forbidden to lay out during construction.

[0044] S52: Set up the operating platform. The operating platform uses scaffolding. The scaffolding is set up with φ38mm×3.4mm steel pipes and is set up along the slope of the hillside. Scissor braces are arranged on both sides of the scaffolding to reinforce the scaffolding. S53: The drilling rig is lifted to the designated position by a crane or a tripod and installed and fixed, so that the drilling rig can be used to drill holes in the determined anchor hole positions. The longitudinal and lateral errors of the anchor hole drilling are not greater than ±30mm, the elevation error is not greater than ±100mm, the drilling inclination angle and drilling direction meet the design requirements, the allowable error of the drilling inclination angle is less than ±1.0°, the allowable error of the drilling azimuth is less than ±2.0°, the drilling hole diameter and hole depth requirements shall not be less than the design values, the hole mouth deviation is not greater than ±20mm, and the allowable deviation of the hole depth is +100mm.

[0045] In this embodiment, the drilling requires dry drilling to avoid the deterioration of the engineering geological conditions of the rock mass of the slope 1 and to ensure the bonding performance of the hole wall. In addition, during the drilling process, the stratum changes of each hole should be recorded. When encountering the hole collapse and shrinkage, the drilling rig stops drilling and performs the wall grouting treatment. After the cement mortar is initially solidified, the hole sweeping drilling is performed.

[0046] After the drilling is completed, air is blown into the anchor hole to remove the rock powder and water in the anchor hole, and then the anchor 2 is inserted into the anchor hole and cement mortar is injected to tension the prestressed anchor 2. In this embodiment, the water-cement ratio of the cement mortar is 1:0.4, and the cement-sand ratio is 1:1.

[0047] Embodiment 2: Reference Figure 4The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that a positioning point 3 and a plurality of observation points 4 are provided in the intercepting ditch 11 .

[0048] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 , multiple observation points 4 are distributed along the length direction of the intercepting ditch 11, and the observation points 4 include a base 41 and an observation mark 42 installed on the base 41, the base 41 is installed in the intercepting ditch 11, and the base 41 is made of composite materials. In this embodiment, the base 41 is made of carbon fiber reinforced plastic, so that the base 41 has high strength and durability, and the weight of the base 41 is light, and then the base 41 can be displaced with the change of the soil while ensuring that the base 41 can be used for a long time.

[0049] The positioning point 3 is made of concrete, so that the weight of the positioning point 3 is greater than the weight of the base 41, and the positioning point 3 is not easy to move. A positioning mark is set on the positioning point 3, so that construction personnel can judge the soil condition of the top of the slope and timely discover potential changes in the slope 1 by detecting the relative position between the positioning mark and the observation mark 42.

[0050] In this embodiment, one positioning mark corresponds to multiple observation marks 42, so that construction personnel can judge the soil changes at the top of the slope by detecting the relative position between a single observation mark 42 and the positioning mark, thereby facilitating the discovery of areas with large soil changes at the top of the slope, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the slope 1 management construction.

[0051] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A slope control construction method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Slope (1) survey, geological survey of the slope (1) area; S2: Establish the slope (1) force model, formulate a complete design plan, and determine the engineering quantity, construction process and technical requirements; S3: rock excavation, using stepped and layered excavation to cut and level the slope (1); S4: Construction of drainage system, including digging intercepting ditch at the top of the slope (11) and drainage ditch at the foot of the slope (12); S5: Anchoring construction.

2. The slope control construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, the specific steps are as follows: S31: Surveying and setting out. A surveying control network is set up at the construction site. A total station is used to conduct surveying and construction control. The excavation contour of the roadbed slope (1) is accurately laid out according to the designed slope ratio. The contour line is then marked at the construction site using temporary marking materials. S32: according to the contour line, the soil on the surface of the construction area is cleaned to expose the stone to be crushed, and then the exposed stone is crushed; S33: Clearing the gravel and completing the cutting and leveling of the slope (1).

3. The slope control construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, the excavation slope ratio of the rock layer is 1:0.3, and the excavation slope ratio of the gravel cover layer is 1:1.

2.

4. The slope control construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S5, the specific steps are as follows: S51: anchor hole position measurement: according to the design plan, within the construction range of the anchor (2), fixed piles are set at the starting and ending points of the first row of anchors (2) using an instrument, and the positions of other anchor holes are measured with the fixed piles as a reference; S52: Set up the operating platform, which uses scaffolding; S53: Drilling holes at the determined anchor hole positions using a drilling machine, inserting the anchor (2) into the anchor hole and injecting cement mortar, and tensioning the prestressed anchor (2).

5. The slope control construction method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: In S53, the water-cement ratio of cement mortar is 1:0.4, and the cement-sand ratio is 1:

1.

6. The slope control construction method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: In S53, a fixed drilling rig needs to be installed before drilling to ensure that the longitudinal and lateral errors of the anchor hole are no more than ±30mm, the elevation error is no more than ±100mm, the drilling inclination and drilling direction meet the design requirements, the allowable error of the drilling inclination is less than ±1.0°, the allowable error of the drilling azimuth is less than ±2.0°, the drilling diameter and depth requirements shall not be less than the design value, the hole mouth deviation shall not be more than ±20mm, and the allowable deviation of the hole depth is +100mm.

7. The slope control construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, a drainage pipe (13) is arranged in the slope surface, and one end of the drainage pipe (13) extends out of the slope surface and is arranged to be inclined downward.

8. The slope control construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, a plurality of observation points (4) are arranged in the intercepting ditch (11), the plurality of observation points (4) being distributed along the length direction of the intercepting ditch (11), a positioning point (3) is arranged in the intercepting ditch (11), and the soil condition at the top of the slope can be monitored by observing the relative position between the positioning point (3) and the plurality of observation points (4).

9. The slope control construction method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The observation point (4) comprises a base (41) and an observation mark (42) arranged on the base (41); the base (41) is arranged in the intercepting ditch (11); and the base (41) is made of a composite material.

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