Sealing structure suitable for low-altitude aircraft

Abstract

The sealing structure suitable for the low-altitude aircraft comprises a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is coaxially sleeved with a sealing lining, the rotating shaft is provided with a plurality of sealing labyrinth teeth arranged in the axial direction, the outer circumferential faces of the sealing labyrinth teeth are in clearance fit with the inner ring face of the sealing lining, and the sealing lining is provided with a rotating piece and a protruding piece; the rotating part is located in front of a gap between the sealing labyrinth and the sealing lining, the rotating part can scatter water flowing to the gap between the sealing labyrinth and the sealing lining through rotation to enable the water to change the flowing direction, and the protruding part is located behind the rotating part and also located in front of the gap between the sealing labyrinth and the sealing lining. The protruding piece protrudes towards the gap between the sealing labyrinth and the sealing bush and is used for blocking water flow towards the gap between the sealing labyrinth and the sealing bush. The problem of absorbing liquid water and water vapor of the low-altitude aircraft can be effectively solved, the sealing effect of the labyrinth structure is kept, and the leakage amount of the structure is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of aerospace engine sealing, and in particular relates to a sealing structure suitable for low-altitude aircraft. Background Art

[0002] As the country vigorously promotes the development of low-altitude economy, the downstream scenarios of drones are increasing, and the application environment of drones is becoming more diversified and complex. For aircraft below one thousand meters, the challenges faced by sealing have shifted from air to water. In low-altitude environments, the impact of liquid water and water vapor on the sealing structure has become an important factor for leakage, and the efficiency of the aircraft is heavily dependent on the amount of gas leakage through the radial clearance of the moving blades, the dovetail tenon at the root of the blades, and the comb teeth at the root of the stationary blades. In the face of the long flight time and low energy consumption requirements of the low-altitude economy for low-altitude aircraft, there must be targeted innovative designs on the original sealing structure to solve the problems of liquid water and water vapor.

[0003] Compared with many sealing structures, comb seals have the advantages of low cost, reliable structure and simple maintenance, which are easy to promote and use. They are more suitable for mass production required for the development of low-altitude economy. The performance of comb seals is limited by the radial clearance between the rotating parts and the stationary wall. Ideally, zero clearance of the comb teeth can avoid performance loss, but it is subject to the vibration, thermal deformation and creep that occur during the operation of the rotating and stationary parts, as well as the manufacturing tolerance of the comb seal itself and the tolerance required to be retained during the assembly process. It is necessary to retain a certain gap during use. How to improve the sealing performance of traditional sealing structures has become an important topic. One method is to change the flow channel of the comb structure to improve leakage, such as the influence of curved flow channels, staggered comb seals and shape parameter variables of staggered comb seals on leakage performance. Another method is to set up a fluid barrier to reduce leakage with smaller geometric changes. However, there is still no sealing structure for low-altitude aircraft. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a sealing structure suitable for low-altitude aircraft, which can effectively disrupt the flow field and absorb water, in order to solve the problems of liquid water and water vapor absorption in low-altitude aircraft in view of the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art.

[0005] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A sealing structure suitable for low-altitude aircraft includes a rotating shaft, a sealing sleeve is provided on the outer coaxial sleeve of the rotating shaft, a plurality of axially arranged sealing grate teeth are provided on the rotating shaft, the outer peripheral surface of the sealing grate teeth is gap-matched with the inner annular surface of the sealing sleeve, a rotating part and a protruding part are provided on the sealing sleeve, the rotating part is located in front of the gap between the sealing grate teeth and the sealing sleeve, the rotating part can disperse the water flowing to the gap between the sealing grate teeth and the sealing sleeve by rotating, so as to change the flow direction, the protruding part is located behind the rotating part, and is also located in front of the gap between the sealing grate teeth and the sealing sleeve, the protruding part protrudes toward the gap between the sealing grate teeth and the sealing sleeve, and is used to block the water from flowing to the gap between the sealing grate teeth and the sealing sleeve.

[0007] To optimize the above technical solutions, the specific measures taken also include:

[0008] The inner ring surface of the sealing bushing is provided with a water-absorbing material between the rotating part and the protruding part, and the water-absorbing material is used to absorb water splashed onto the inner ring surface of the sealing bushing.

[0009] The protruding member is an arc-shaped member, and the bending direction of the protruding member is: the lower end of the protruding member bends forward.

[0010] The above-mentioned rotating part includes a threaded tube, a fan surface, a chassis, a threaded column and a connecting rod, wherein the fan surface and the chassis are located below the sealing bushing, the connecting rod is located above the sealing bushing, a through hole is opened on the sealing bushing which passes through the sealing bushing up and down, the threaded tube is fixed in the through hole, the fan surface is located in front of the gap between the sealing comb teeth and the sealing bushing, the fan shaft of the fan surface is fixedly connected to the lower end of the threaded column, the threaded column is rotatably installed in the threaded tube, the upper end of the threaded column is circumferentially rotatable and axially positioned connected to one end of the connecting rod, the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the chassis, the chassis is located below the water-absorbing material, when the fan surface is impacted by water flow from front to back, the rotation of the fan surface can make the threaded column rotate upward in the threaded tube, the upward movement of the connecting rod pulls the chassis to squeeze the water-absorbing material, so that the water-absorbing material is dehydrated, and when the water flow impacting the fan surface from front to back is reduced, the dead weight of the fan surface, the chassis and the connecting rod causes the threaded column to reverse and move downward in the threaded tube, and the chassis relaxes the water-absorbing material.

[0011] The above-mentioned water-absorbing material is a sponge.

[0012] The threaded pipe is a bidirectional threaded pipe with threads both inside and outside, and the through hole is a threaded hole. The outer thread of the threaded pipe matches the thread of the through hole, so that the threaded pipe is sealed and connected to the through hole.

[0013] The above-mentioned chassis is made of grid-shaped rigid material.

[0014] The fan surface is composed of a plurality of fan blades of equal curvature connected to a fan shaft.

[0015] The protrusion is made of a rigid material with a radial curvature between 45° and 50°.

[0016] A rotating part is arranged in front of the gap between the first two sealing comb teeth and the sealing bushing, wherein only the first rotating part is provided with a threaded tube, a fan surface, a chassis, a threaded column and a connecting rod, and the second rotating part is only provided with a fan surface, without a threaded tube, a chassis, a threaded column and a connecting rod.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the comb teeth sealing structure of the present invention contains a bushing installation structure, in order to absorb moisture in the channel at low altitude, the rotating part breaks water at the entrance of the channel to disrupt the water flow, and the protruding part allows the disturbed water flow to flow back and be fully absorbed by the sponge absorbent material on the seepage surface. In order to further absorb moisture in the channel, the rotating part absorbs the kinetic energy of the water while breaking water through the lower end fan surface, so that the rotating part rotates upward through the two-way threaded hole, so that the grid chassis is lifted upward at the same time, squeezing the sponge absorbent material, and the water absorption performance of the material can be restored. The lower end fan surface of the rotating part, the seepage surface and the protruding part are installed between the entrance comb teeth structure and the second comb teeth, which absorb the moisture squeezed out of the sponge absorbent material at the entrance on the one hand, and absorb the remaining moisture in the channel on the other hand. The sealing effect of the comb teeth structure is maintained by repeated water absorption, and the leakage of the structure is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0019] The accompanying drawings are marked as follows: rotating shaft 1, sealing comb teeth 2, sealing bushing 3, perforation 31, rotating part 4, threaded tube 41, fan surface 42, chassis 43, threaded column 44, connecting rod 45, protrusion 5, water absorbing material 6, and water seepage surface 7. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application is described and illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Based on the embodiments provided in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0021] Obviously, the drawings described below are only some examples or embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, the present application can also be applied to other similar scenarios based on these drawings without creative work. In addition, it can also be understood that although the efforts made in this development process may be complicated and lengthy, for ordinary technicians in this field related to the content disclosed in this application, some changes in design, manufacturing or production based on the technical content disclosed in this application are just conventional technical means, and should not be understood as insufficient content disclosed in this application.

[0022] Reference to "embodiments" in this application means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the embodiments described in this application may be combined with other embodiments without conflict.

[0023] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms involved in this application should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the technical field to which this application belongs. The words "one", "a", "a", "the" and the like involved in this application do not indicate a quantitative limitation, and may represent the singular or plural. The terms "include", "comprise", "have" and any of their variations involved in this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions; for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units (units) is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may also include steps or units that are not listed, or may also include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices. The words "connect", "connected", "coupled" and the like involved in this application are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The "multiple" / "several" involved in this application refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships, for example, "A and / or B" can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. The terms "first", "second", "third", etc. involved in this application are only used to distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific ordering of the objects.

[0024] A comb teeth sealing structure with a bushing installation structure of the present invention comprises a rotating shaft 1, a sealing bushing 3 is provided on the outer coaxial sleeve of the rotating shaft 1, a plurality of axially arranged sealing comb teeth 2 are provided on the rotating shaft 1, the outer peripheral surface of the sealing comb teeth 2 is gap-matched with the inner annular surface of the sealing bushing 3, a rotating part 4 and a protruding part 5 are provided on the sealing bushing 3, and the good sealing performance of the comb teeth sealing structure is maintained by the water-breaking effect of the rotating part 4 and the protruding part 5 in combination with the water-absorbing material 6.

[0025] In the embodiment, the fan surface 42 at the lower end of the comb tooth rotating member 4 at the entrance is sealed to break the water to slow down the water flow speed and disrupt the impact of the water flow, so that the water can be fully absorbed by the water-absorbing material 6 through the seepage surface 7. The fan surface 42 also absorbs the kinetic energy of the water when the water is broken, so that the rotating member rotates upward through the perforation 31, and the chassis 43 also rises at the same time as the rotating member 4 rotates upward, and squeezes the water-absorbing material 6 with the sealing bushing 3, so that the water-absorbing material 6 recovers its water absorption performance. After the drainage is completed, it rotates downward under the action of gravity to continue to absorb water.

[0026] In the embodiment, the fan surface 42 is made of a rigid material, which can fully absorb the kinetic energy of water. The bottom plate 43 is made of a grid-like rigid material, which is convenient for water to be absorbed through the water-permeable surface.

[0027] In the embodiment, the protrusion 5 is made of a rigid material with a radial curvature between 45° and 50°, so that the water flowing back to the infiltration surface is fully absorbed by the water absorbing material 6 .

[0028] In the embodiment, a fan surface 42, a water-absorbing material 6 and a rear protrusion 5 are installed between the inlet sealing grate tooth 2 and the next sealing grate tooth 2. The fan surface 42 breaks the water to disrupt the flow field, and the protrusion 5 blocks the water flow in the channel to facilitate the water-absorbing material 6 to absorb the remaining water in the channel.

[0029] The comb teeth sealing structure installed on the bushing of the present invention disturbs the water flow field in an environment with large water flow impact during low-altitude flight, thereby reducing the effect of water flow impact on the leakage of the comb teeth sealing structure. At the same time, the kinetic energy of water flow impact is utilized to repeatedly absorb moisture in the channel, effectively maintaining the sealing performance of the comb teeth sealing structure, weakening the kinetic energy of the water flow field, and reducing the leakage of the comb teeth sealing structure.

[0030] It can be understood that the above specific description of the present invention is only used to illustrate the present invention and is not limited to the technical solution described in the implementation of the calculation method of the present invention. Ordinary technicians in the field should understand that the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents to achieve the same technical effect; as long as the requirements of the calculation method are met, they are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sealing structure suitable for low-altitude aircraft, comprising a rotating shaft (1), a sealing bushing (3) is coaxially sleeved outside the rotating shaft (1), a plurality of axially arranged sealing grate teeth (2) are arranged on the rotating shaft (1), the outer peripheral surface of the sealing grate teeth (2) and the inner annular surface of the sealing bushing (3) are clearance-matched, and the characteristics are: A rotating member (4) and a protruding member (5) are provided on the sealing bushing (3). The rotating member (4) is located in front of the gap between the sealing grate teeth (2) and the sealing bushing (3). The rotating member (4) can disperse the water flowing into the gap between the sealing grate teeth (2) and the sealing bushing (3) by rotating, thereby changing the flow direction. The protruding member (5) is located behind the rotating member (4) and is also located in front of the gap between the sealing grate teeth (2) and the sealing bushing (3). The protruding member (5) protrudes toward the gap between the sealing grate teeth (2) and the sealing bushing (3) to block the water from flowing into the gap between the sealing grate teeth (2) and the sealing bushing (3).

2. The sealing structure suitable for low-altitude aircraft according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The inner ring surface of the sealing bushing (3) is provided with a water-absorbing material (6) between the rotating part (4) and the protruding part (5), and the water-absorbing material (6) is used to absorb water splashed onto the inner ring surface of the sealing bushing (3).

3. A sealing structure suitable for low-altitude aircraft according to claim 2, characterized in that: The protruding piece (5) is an arc-shaped piece, and the bending direction of the protruding piece (5) is: the lower end of the protruding piece (5) bends forward.

4. The sealing structure suitable for low-altitude aircraft according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The rotating member (4) comprises a threaded tube (41), a fan surface (42), a chassis (43), a threaded column (44) and a connecting rod (45), wherein the fan surface (42) and the chassis (43) are located below the sealing bushing (3), the connecting rod (45) is located above the sealing bushing (3), the sealing bushing (3) is provided with a through hole (31) which passes through the sealing bushing (3) from top to bottom, the threaded tube (41) is fixed in the through hole (31), the fan surface (42) is located in front of the gap between the sealing comb teeth (2) and the sealing bushing (3), the fan shaft of the fan surface (42) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the threaded column (44), the threaded column (44) can be rotatably installed in the threaded tube (41), and the upper end of the threaded column (44) is connected to the threaded tube (41). One end of the connecting rod (45) is rotatable in the circumferential direction and axially positioned, and the other end of the connecting rod (45) is connected to the chassis (43). The chassis (43) is located below the water-absorbing material (6). When the fan surface (42) is impacted by the water flow from front to back, the fan surface (42) rotates to enable the threaded column (44) to move forward in the threaded tube (41), and the connecting rod (45) moves upward to pull the chassis (43) to squeeze the water-absorbing material (6), so that the water-absorbing material (6) is dehydrated. When the water flow impacting the fan surface (42) from front to back decreases, the self-weight of the fan surface (42), the chassis (43) and the connecting rod (45) causes the threaded column (44) to reverse and move downward in the threaded tube (41), and the chassis (43) releases the water-absorbing material (6).

5. The sealing structure suitable for low-altitude aircraft according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The water absorbing material (6) is a sponge.

6. The sealing structure suitable for low-altitude aircraft according to claim 4 is characterized by: The threaded tube (41) is a bidirectional threaded tube with threads both inside and outside, the through hole (31) is a threaded hole, and the outer thread of the threaded tube (41) matches the thread of the through hole (31), so that the threaded tube (41) and the through hole (31) are sealed and connected.

7. The sealing structure suitable for low-altitude aircraft according to claim 4 is characterized by: The chassis (43) is made of grid-shaped rigid material.

8. The sealing structure suitable for low-altitude aircraft according to claim 4 is characterized by: The fan surface (42) is composed of a plurality of fan blades of equal curvature connected to a fan shaft.

9. The sealing structure suitable for low-altitude aircraft according to claim 4 is characterized by: The protrusion (5) is made of a rigid material with a radial curvature between 45° and 50°.

10. The sealing structure suitable for low-altitude aircraft according to claim 4, characterized in that: A rotating member (4) is arranged in front of the gap between the first two sealing comb teeth (2) and the sealing bushing (3), wherein only the first rotating member (4) is provided with a threaded tube (41), a sector (42), a chassis (43), a threaded column (44) and a connecting rod (45), and the second rotating member (4) is only provided with a sector (42) and is not provided with a threaded tube (41), a chassis (43), a threaded column (44) and a connecting rod (45).

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