Shield clay adhesion inclined plate test device and test method

Abstract

The invention relates to a clay adhesion inclined plate test device for shield tunneling and a test method, the device comprises a sealing cover, a pressure column, an oil cylinder, an inclined plate, an anode plate and a direct current power supply, and a pressure head is arranged at the telescopic end of the pressure column; the oil cylinder is connected with the pressure column through a communicating pipe, the inclined plate is used for placing a prefabricated mud cake, and an angle adjusting base is arranged at the bottom; the anode plate is pressed and covered on the prefabricated mud cake; the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the direct-current power source are connected with the positive plate and the inclined plate correspondingly, voltage is applied to the prefabricated mud cake to enable internal water to migrate to the inclined plate, and when a water film of the prefabricated mud cake and a metal interface reaches a certain thickness, the adhesive force between the prefabricated mud cake and the metal interface can be greatly reduced, so that slippage begins; according to the method, the electroosmosis rate of the clay under the electrical method can be rapidly and accurately measured, the falling time of different types of clay under different voltages and different weights can be reflected, data such as consumption power can be further obtained, and a theoretical support is provided for electrical method muck improvement and electrical method-chemical method muck improvement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of shield construction, in particular to a shield clay adhesion inclined plate testing device and a testing method. Background Art

[0002] During the construction of shield machines, mud cakes will form. At present, the treatment methods are turning to electrical and electrical-chemical methods. How to quickly, accurately, conveniently and easily judge the degree of adhesion of mud cakes is a problem we face today. How to quickly and accurately reflect the viscosity and change law of clay in different geological environments is a problem that bothers us today.

[0003] At present, the viscosity of clay is mostly determined by rheometers, three-dimensional force sensors, etc., which take a long time, measure a single parameter, and cannot reflect data such as electrical permeability rate, making it difficult to accurately provide theoretical support for electrical or electrical-chemical methods of slag improvement. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a shield clay adhesion inclined plate test device and test method, which can quickly and accurately determine the electrical permeability rate of clay under electrical method, and provide theoretical support for electrical method slag improvement and electrical-chemical method slag improvement.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0006] A shield clay adhesion inclined plate test device includes: a sealing cover; a pressure column, vertically embedded in the top of the sealing cover, the telescopic end of the pressure column is located inside the sealing cover, and a pressure head is provided on the telescopic end; the mud cake is better bonded between the cathode and the anode through the extrusion of the pressure column, so that the contact area can fully undergo electroosmosis. Prevent local adhesion and local influence on the electroosmosis effect; an oil cylinder, located outside the sealing cover, the oil cylinder and the pressure column are connected by a connecting pipe; an inclined plate, the bottom of which is provided with an angle adjustment base, located inside the sealing cover, the inclined plate is used to place the prefabricated mud cake, and one end of the inclined plate is provided with a wire connector; the inclined plate is used to simulate the natural falling of the soil sample on the shield machine by tilting at an angle; an anode plate, pressed on the prefabricated mud cake, and a wire connector is provided on one side of the anode plate; a DC power supply, the positive pole of the DC power supply is connected to the wire connector of the anode plate through a wire, and the negative pole of the DC power supply is connected to the wire connector of the inclined plate through a wire.

[0007] Furthermore, the pressure head is a plate structure.

[0008] Furthermore, the angle adjustment base includes: an inclined bottom plate, a plurality of inclined grooves are provided on the plate surface, and the spacing between each inclined groove is the same; an angle adjustment plate, one end of which is rotatably connected to one end of the inclined bottom plate; an angle adjustment bracket, including: two rod bodies, one end of the two rod bodies are respectively rotatably connected to the two sides of the angle adjustment plate; a clamping column, connected between the other ends of the two rod bodies, and the angle adjustment plate completes the corresponding angle adjustment by clamping the clamping column on the inclined grooves at different positions.

[0009] Furthermore, a rotating shaft is provided between the inclined plate and the angle adjustment plate, which is used to simulate the rotation of the cutter head of the shield machine and simulate the centrifugal force and the centripetal force.

[0010] Furthermore, two wire through holes are provided on the side of the sealing cover, and the wires pass through the wire through holes and enter the interior of the sealing cover.

[0011] Furthermore, a hole is opened on the side of the sealing cover, and also includes: a humidity control component, which is located outside the sealing cover, and an adjustment probe of the humidity control component penetrates into the interior of the sealing cover through the hole, so as to simulate the humidity of the mud cake during shield construction and prevent the loss of moisture in the mud cake due to changes over time.

[0012] Furthermore, an operating window that can be opened and closed is arranged on the side of the sealing cover, and the operating window and the sealing cover are both made of transparent materials.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes: a pressure control component, which is connected to the inside of the sealing cover and is used to adjust the pressure value inside the sealing cover to simulate the pressure of the soil bin during shield construction.

[0014] Furthermore, the angle adjustment plate is arranged in parallel with the inclined plate, and the angle adjustment range of the angle adjustment assembly for the angle adjustment plate is: 0° to 90°.

[0015] Furthermore, a test method for a shield tunneling clay adhesion inclined plate test device comprises the following steps:

[0016] Open the pressure control component and the humidity control component, collect soil samples from the construction site and make them into cylindrical cakes to form prefabricated mud cakes. Place the prefabricated mud cakes in the center of the inclined plate, cover them with the anode plate, keep the inclined plate at 0 degrees, open the oil cylinder so that the pressure column drives the pressure head close to the anode plate, the pressure is 4.9N, close the connecting pipe after pressing for two minutes, retract the pressure column, adjust the inclined plate so that the inclination angle of the inclined plate is equal to arctan(u), which is the static friction coefficient between the mud cake and the inclined plate, which is used to offset the gravity of the mud cake itself. After the above work is completed, connect the cathode and the anode to the inclined plate and the anode plate respectively, adjust the voltage of the DC power supply to 2V, and start timing. Stop timing when the prefabricated mud cake slides, and read the current value at this time. Use the voltage and current value to calculate the power. Use the prefabricated mud cakes under the same conditions, increase the voltage in turn and repeat the above operations, observe the relationship between the time when the prefabricated mud cake slides and the voltage change, replace the soil samples under different geological conditions to make different prefabricated mud cakes, use the same voltage, and observe the change relationship between the time when the prefabricated mud cakes made under different geological conditions slide.

[0017] Compared with the existing technology, the present invention can quickly and accurately determine the electrical permeability rate of clay under the electrical method, reflect the shedding time of different types of clay under different voltages, different bonding areas, different weights, and the current under different sizes of clay, and then obtain data such as power consumption, providing theoretical support for electrical slag improvement and electrical-chemical slag improvement.

[0018] The specific beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] 1. The present invention controls the extension and retraction of the pressure rod through the oil cylinder, and presses the pressure head on the anode plate, so that the prefabricated mud cake is better bonded between the inclined plate and the anode plate, so that the contact area between the prefabricated mud cake, the anode plate and the inclined plate can fully undergo electro-osmosis, thereby preventing local bonding and uneven bonding from affecting the electro-osmosis effect.

[0020] 2. The inclined plate of the present invention can adjust the inclination through the angle adjustment base. After the pressure head completes the pressing of the prefabricated mud cake, the natural falling off of the prefabricated soil sample on the shield machine can be simulated by inclining the angle of the inclined plate. By studying the time when the adhesion between the pressed prefabricated mud cake and the inclined plate is reduced, the most suitable voltage and other parameters for electrical slag improvement can be judged. The inclined plate of the present invention rotates through the rotating shaft to simulate the rotation of the shield machine cutter head, simulate the centrifugal force and centripetal force, and cooperate with the humidity control component and pressure control component configured in the sealing cover to simulate the humidity and pressure values ​​of the mud cake in the shield construction, prevent the loss of water in the mud cake due to time changes, so that the overall environment of the test experiment truly simulates the actual working conditions of the shield construction, and improves the data reliability of the clay adhesion test results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a front view of the external structure schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a front view of the internal structure schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0023] Among them, 1. sealing cover, 2. oil cylinder, 3. pressure column, 4. pressure head, 5. connecting pipe, 6. inclined bottom plate, 7. inclined plate, 8. angle adjustment plate, 9. rotating shaft, 10. prefabricated mud cake, 11. anode plate, 12. DC power supply, 13. pressure control component, 14. humidity control component, 15. adjustment probe, 16. operation window. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] Combine the following Figure 1 to Figure 2 , the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0025] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features; in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0026] It should be noted that the circuit connections involved in the present invention all adopt conventional circuit connection methods and do not involve any innovation.

[0027] Example

[0028] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a clay adhesion inclined plate test device for shield tunneling comprises: a sealing cover 1, a pressure column 3, an oil cylinder 2, an inclined plate 7, an anode plate 11 and a DC power supply 12, wherein the sealing cover 1 is arranged on a flat bottom plate, and the connection is sealed, or a bottom plate is directly closed at the bottom end of the sealing cover 1; the pressure column 3 is vertically embedded in the top of the sealing cover 1, the telescopic end of the pressure column 3 is located inside the sealing cover 1, and a pressure head 4 is provided on the telescopic end; the oil cylinder 2 is located outside the sealing cover 1, the oil cylinder 2 is equipped with an actuator, and the oil cylinder 2 and the pressure column 3 are connected through a connecting pipe 5; the telescopic end of the pressure column 3 is controlled to be extended and retracted by the actuator of the oil cylinder 2, thereby controlling the pressure head 4 to be pressed on the prefabricated mud cake 10, so that the mud cake is better bonded between the inclined plate 7 and the anode plate 11, so that the contact area can fully undergo electrical permeation. Prevent local adhesion and affect the electro-osmosis effect; the bottom of the inclined plate 7 is provided with an angle adjustment base, which is located inside the sealing cover 1. The inclined plate 7 is used to place the prefabricated mud cake 10, and a wire connector is provided at one end of the inclined plate 7; the inclined plate 7 is tilted at an angle to simulate the natural shedding of soil samples on the shield machine; the pressed prefabricated mud cake 10 begins to slip, that is, the adhesion between the prefabricated mud cake 10 and the inclined plate is reduced, and the most suitable voltage and other parameters for electro-method slag improvement are judged by slip; the anode plate 11 is pressed on the prefabricated mud cake 10, and a wire connector is provided on one side of the anode plate 11; the positive pole of the DC power supply 12 is connected to the wire connector of the anode plate 11 through a wire, and the negative pole of the DC power supply 12 is connected to the wire connector of the inclined plate 7 through a wire. The water molecules in the soil will migrate in a directional manner from the anode to the cathode, so voltage is applied to the prefabricated mud cake 10 to migrate the internal water to the inclined plate 7. When the water film at the interface between the prefabricated mud cake 10 and the metal reaches a certain thickness, the adhesion between them will be greatly reduced, and thus slip will begin to occur.

[0029] In some embodiments, the prefabricated mud cake 10 is shaped like a cylinder. In order to match the structure of the prefabricated mud cake 10 , the pressure head 4 is a plate structure.

[0030] In some embodiments, in order to facilitate the adjustment of the angle of the inclined plate 7, the angle adjustment base includes: an inclined bottom plate 6, an angle adjustment plate 8 and an angle adjustment bracket. The inclined bottom plate 6 is provided with a plurality of inclined grooves, and the spacing between each inclined groove is the same; one end of the angle adjustment plate 8 is rotatably connected to one end of the inclined bottom plate 6, the angle adjustment plate 8 is arranged parallel to the inclined plate 7, and the angle adjustment range of the angle adjustment assembly for the angle adjustment plate 8 is: 0°~90°; the angle adjustment bracket includes: two rod bodies, one end of the two rod bodies are respectively rotatably connected to the two sides of the angle adjustment plate 8; a clamping column is connected between the other ends of the two rod bodies, and the clamping column is engaged with the oblique grooves at different positions, so that the angle adjustment plate 8 completes the corresponding angle adjustment.

[0031] In some embodiments, a rotating shaft 9 is provided between the inclined plate 7 and the angle adjustment plate 8 for simulating the rotation of the cutter head of the shield machine and simulating the centrifugal force and the centripetal force.

[0032] In some embodiments, in order to ensure the airtightness of the space inside the sealing cover 1, two wire through holes are provided on the side of the sealing cover 1, the wires pass through the wire through holes to enter the sealing cover 1, and a sealing ring is sleeved at the connection between the wires and the wire through holes.

[0033] In some embodiments, in order to simulate the humidity of the mud cake during shield construction and prevent the loss of moisture in the mud cake due to changes over time, a channel is opened on the side of the sealing cover 1, and also includes: a humidity control component 14, which is located outside the sealing cover 1, and an adjustment probe 15 of the humidity control component 14 penetrates into the interior of the sealing cover 1 through the channel.

[0034] In some embodiments, in order to facilitate operations such as adjustment of the prefabricated mud cake 10 and connection of wires, an operating window 16 that can be opened and closed is provided inside the sealing cover 1 and on the side of the sealing cover 1, and in order to facilitate observation of the sliding of the prefabricated mud cake 10, the operating window 16 and the sealing cover 1 are both made of transparent materials.

[0035] In some embodiments, it also includes: a pressure control component 13, which is connected to the inside of the sealing cover 1 and is used to adjust the pressure value inside the sealing cover 1 to simulate the pressure of the soil bin during shield construction.

[0036] A test method for a shield tunneling clay adhesion inclined plate test device comprises the following steps:

[0037] Open the pressure control component 13 and the humidity control component 14, collect soil samples from the construction site and make them into cylindrical cakes to form prefabricated mud cakes 10. Place the prefabricated mud cakes 10 in the center of the inclined plate 7, cover the anode plate 11, keep the inclined plate 7 at 0 degrees, open the oil cylinder 2 to make the pressure column 3 drive the pressure head 4 close to the anode plate 11, the pressure is 4.9N, press for two minutes and then close the connecting pipe 5 to retract the pressure column 3, adjust the inclined plate 7 so that the inclination angle of the inclined plate 7 is equal to arctanu, u is the static friction coefficient between the mud cake and the inclined plate, which is used to offset the gravity of the mud cake itself. After the above work is completed, the cathode The anode is connected to the inclined plate 7 and the anode plate 11 respectively, the voltage of the DC power supply 12 is adjusted to 2V, and the timing is started. When the prefabricated mud cake 10 starts to slide, the timing is stopped, and the current value at this time is read out. The power is calculated using the voltage and current values. Using the prefabricated mud cake 10 under the same conditions, the voltage is increased successively and the above operations are repeated to observe the relationship between the time when the prefabricated mud cake 10 slides and the voltage change. Different prefabricated mud cakes 10 are made by replacing soil samples under different geological conditions. Using the same voltage, the changing relationship between the time when the prefabricated mud cakes 10 made under different geological conditions slide is observed.

[0038] The above disclosures are only several preferred specific embodiments of the present invention. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any changes that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shield tunneling clay adhesion inclined plate test device, characterized in that: include: Sealing cover (1); A pressure column (3) is vertically embedded in the top of the sealing cover (1), the telescopic end of the pressure column (3) is located inside the sealing cover (1), and a pressure head (4) is provided on the telescopic end; The oil cylinder (2) is located outside the sealing cover (1), and the oil cylinder (2) and the pressure column (3) are connected via a connecting pipe (5); An inclined plate (7) is provided with an angle adjustment base at the bottom, and is located inside the sealing cover (1). The inclined plate (7) is used to place the prefabricated mud cake (10), and a wire connector is provided at one end of the inclined plate (7). The inclined plate (7) is used to simulate the natural falling of the soil sample on the shield machine by tilting at an angle. an anode plate (11) pressed onto the prefabricated mud cake (10), wherein a wire connector is provided on one side of the anode plate (11); A direct current power source (12), wherein the positive electrode of the direct current power source (12) is connected to the lead connector of the anode plate (11) via a lead, and the negative electrode of the direct current power source (12) is connected to the lead connector of the inclined plate (7) via a lead.

2. The shield-type clay adhesion inclined plate test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure head (4) is a plate structure.

3. The shield clay adhesion inclined plate test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle adjustment base comprises: An inclined bottom plate (6) is provided with a plurality of inclined grooves on the plate surface, and the spacing between each inclined groove is the same; An angle adjustment plate (8), one end of which is rotatably connected to one end of the inclined bottom plate (6); The angle adjustment bracket comprises: two rod bodies, one end of each of which is rotatably connected to two sides of an angle adjustment plate (8); and a clamping column connected between the other ends of the two rod bodies. The clamping column is engaged with inclined grooves at different positions, so that the angle adjustment plate (8) completes corresponding angle adjustment.

4. The shield clay adhesion inclined plate test device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A rotating shaft (9) is provided between the inclined plate (7) and the angle adjustment plate (8).

5. The shield-type clay adhesion inclined plate test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two wire through holes are provided on the side of the sealing cover (1), and the wires pass through the wire through holes and enter the interior of the sealing cover (1).

6. The shield clay adhesion inclined plate test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing cover (1) has a hole on its side and further comprises: a humidity control component (14) located outside the sealing cover (1); an adjustment probe (15) of the humidity control component (14) penetrates into the interior of the sealing cover (1) through the hole.

7. The shield-type clay adhesion inclined plate test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An operating window (16) capable of being opened and closed is arranged on the side of the sealing cover (1), and both the operating window (16) and the sealing cover (16) are made of transparent material.

8. The shield-type clay adhesion inclined plate test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The pressure control component (13) is communicated with the interior of the sealing cover (1) and is used to adjust the pressure value inside the sealing cover (1) to simulate the pressure of the soil bin during shield construction.

9. The shield clay adhesion inclined plate test device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The angle adjustment plate (8) is arranged in parallel with the inclined plate (7), and the angle adjustment range of the angle adjustment component for the angle adjustment plate (8) is 0° to 90°.

10. The testing method of a shield clay adhesion inclined plate testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Open the pressure control component (13) and the humidity control component (14), collect soil samples from the construction site and make them into cylindrical cakes to form prefabricated mud cakes (10), place the prefabricated mud cakes (10) in the center of the inclined plate (7), cover the anode plate (11), keep the inclined plate (7) at 0 degrees, open the oil cylinder (2) to make the pressure column (3) drive the pressure head (4) close to the anode plate (11), the pressure is 4.9N, and after pressing for two minutes, close the connecting pipe (5) to retract the pressure column (3), adjust the inclined plate (7) so that the inclination angle of the inclined plate (7) is equal to arctan (u), where u is the static friction coefficient between the mud cake and the inclined plate, which is used to offset the gravity of the mud cake itself, and wait for the above process to complete. After the operation is completed, the cathode and the anode are connected to the inclined plate (7) and the anode plate (11) respectively, the voltage of the DC power supply (12) is adjusted to 2V, and the timing is started. When the prefabricated mud cake (10) starts to slide, the timing is stopped, and the current value at this time is read out. The power is calculated using the voltage and current values. The prefabricated mud cake (10) under the same conditions is used, the voltage is increased in turn and the above operation is repeated to observe the relationship between the time when the prefabricated mud cake (10) slides and the voltage change. Different prefabricated mud cakes (10) are made by replacing soil samples under different geological conditions, and the same voltage is used to observe the change relationship between the time when the prefabricated mud cakes (10) made under different geological conditions slide.

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