Deep sea polymetallic nodule mining area ecosystem restoration verification method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of deep sea ecological restoration, in particular to a deep sea polymetallic nodule mining area ecological system restoration verification method which comprises the following steps: S1, environment baseline data acquisition: acquiring environment baseline data of a target mining area; s2, formulating and implementing an ecological restoration scheme: formulating the restoration scheme and implementing restoration operation in combination with the ecological characteristics of the target mining area; s3, dynamically monitoring data: collecting real-time ecological environment data of the mining area after the restoration operation is implemented, wherein the real-time ecological environment data comprises biological restoration progress, water quality change and sediment property change; s4, evaluating the deep sea ecological restoration progress: evaluating the restoration progress based on the ecological environment data, verifying the restoration effect, and generating an evaluation report. According to the method, the repair progress can be tracked in real time, short-term and long-term trend changes can be captured, a scientific basis is provided for adjustment and optimization of the repair progress, and the repair process is more flexible and accurate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of deep-sea ecological restoration, and in particular to a method for verifying the restoration of an ecosystem in a deep-sea polymetallic nodule mining area. Background Art

[0002] The deep-sea polymetallic nodule mining area is not only an important reserve of mineral resources, but also an important part of the deep-sea ecosystem. Due to the uniqueness of the deep-sea environment, the ecological elements such as biological communities, water quality, and sediments in the mining area are highly dependent on special natural conditions. The stability of the ecosystem has a profound impact on the entire marine ecology. However, with the increasing mining activities of polymetallic nodule resources, the ecosystem in the mining area is facing problems such as declining biodiversity, sediment pollution, and deteriorating water quality. Scientific and effective ecological restoration methods are urgently needed to restore and maintain the balance and sustainable development of the deep-sea ecosystem.

[0003] At present, ecological restoration technologies for deep-sea mining areas are mainly focused on the collection of ecological baseline data or the simple implementation of ecological restoration measures, but lack a systematic restoration verification method, making it difficult to comprehensively evaluate the restoration effect. Existing technologies are usually limited to the collection of single data and short-term observations, and fail to achieve multi-time scale ecological restoration monitoring and comprehensive evaluation of multiple indicators, resulting in difficulty in quantifying restoration effects and a lack of basis for scientific adjustment and optimization of restoration strategies. In addition, most existing restoration methods lack environmental adaptability and specificity, and cannot meet the needs of the special deep-sea environment. It is difficult to obtain long-term and stable ecological restoration effects during the restoration process, limiting the actual effectiveness of deep-sea ecological restoration.

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for verifying the restoration of the ecosystem in deep-sea polymetallic nodule mining areas, to provide a scientific basis for the optimization of restoration plans, to ensure the effectiveness, long-term stability and sustainability of the restoration process, and to significantly improve the ecological restoration effect of deep-sea mining areas. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a method for verifying the restoration of an ecosystem in a deep-sea polymetallic nodule mining area.

[0006] A method for verifying the restoration of a deep-sea polymetallic nodule mining area ecosystem comprises the following steps: S1, Environmental baseline data collection: Use multimodal sensors to collect environmental baseline data of the target mining area, including water quality data, sediment property data, biological community distribution data and polymetallic nodule distribution data; S2, formulation and implementation of ecological restoration plan: Based on the collected environmental baseline data and the ecological characteristics of the target mining area, a restoration plan is formulated, including the placement of artificial attachment bases, reconstruction of biological communities and optimization of microecological environments. Restoration materials are selected according to the restoration plan and restoration operations are implemented; S3, dynamic monitoring data: install dynamic monitoring equipment to collect real-time ecological and environmental data of the mining area after the restoration operation is implemented, including the progress of biological recovery, changes in water quality and changes in sediment properties; S4, Deep-sea ecological restoration progress assessment: Based on ecological and environmental data, evaluate the restoration progress, verify the restoration effect, and generate an assessment report, including: S41, Multi-time scale ecological restoration analysis: Based on ecological and environmental data, multi-time scale analysis is conducted on the restoration area to identify trends and phase changes in restoration progress; S42, comprehensive verification of restoration effects: Combined with historical environmental baseline data, comprehensively evaluate the restoration effects, verify the degree of optimization of biological community structure, environmental improvement, and ecological adaptability of restoration measures; S43, evaluation report generation: Generate a deep-sea ecological restoration evaluation report based on the results of multi-time-scale ecological restoration analysis and comprehensive verification of restoration effects.

[0007] Optionally, the environmental baseline data collection in S1 includes: S11, water quality data collection: by installing water quality sensors to monitor the temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH value and heavy metal ion concentration of the water in the mining area in real time, and obtain baseline data on water quality; S12, sediment property data collection: Use a sediment sampler to collect seabed sediment samples to obtain sediment particle size, heavy metal content, water content and organic matter composition; S13, biome distribution data collection: record the spatial distribution of biomes in the mining area through underwater camera equipment, and collect the population size, biomass and diversity of different species in combination with biosensors to obtain baseline distribution data of biomes; S14, polymetallic nodule distribution data collection: Use the sonar system to draw a distribution map of polymetallic nodules in the mining area, obtain the density, size and geographical distribution characteristics of the nodules, and form baseline information on polymetallic nodule resources.

[0008] Optionally, the formulation and implementation of the ecological restoration plan in S2 includes: S21, Restoration Plan Development: Based on the environmental baseline data and the ecological characteristics of the target mining area, a restoration plan is developed, including the placement of artificial attachment bases, strategies for the reconstruction of biological communities, and measures to optimize the microecological environment. At the same time, restoration materials are selected according to the environmental needs of the mining area; S22, Implementation of restoration plan: Carry out operations in the target mining area according to the formulated restoration plan, including laying out artificial attachment bases, introducing or promoting the recovery of biological communities, and optimizing the microecological environment of the mining area.

[0009] Optionally, the repair plan formulation in S21 includes: S211, Determination of the location of artificial attachment bases: The location of artificial attachment bases shall be determined based on the distribution of benthic organisms in the mining area, sediment characteristics and water flow conditions in the environmental baseline data, including: Selection of benthic biomass density areas: Prioritize the placement of artificial attachment bases in areas where the benthic biomass density is higher than 50 individuals / square meter; Sediment characteristics area selection: Select sediment areas with a particle size between 0.1-1 mm and an organic matter content higher than 2%; Selection of water flow condition area: Place the attachment base in the area where the water flow velocity is less than 0.2 m / s; S212, Biome Reconstruction Strategy Formulation: Based on the ecological characteristics and biome structure of the target mining area, select pioneer species that are adapted to the deep-sea environment and control the pace of restoration, including: Selection of pioneer species: Deep-sea corals were selected as pioneer species in the deep-sea environment based on the ecological characteristics of the target mining area and the structural characteristics of the biological communities in the baseline data; Control the rhythm of community recovery: Control the rhythm of community recovery at intervals of 6 months; S213, Design of microecological environment optimization measures: Based on the water quality data in the environmental baseline data, formulate microecological environment optimization measures, including adding nutrient elements and adjusting water quality parameters to optimize the microecological environment conditions in the mining area; S214, selection of repair materials: In combination with the environmental requirements of the mining area, select environmentally friendly attachment base materials as repair materials, including artificial reefs and ceramic substrates.

[0010] Optionally, the implementation of the repair solution in S22 includes: S221, laying artificial attachment base: laying environmentally friendly attachment base materials, including artificial reefs or ceramic substrates, at the determined placement location; S222, Introduce or promote biota recovery: Introduce deep-sea corals on the substrate and control the recovery rhythm at 6-month intervals; S223, Optimize the microecological environment in the mining area: Improve the microecological environment conditions in the mining area by adding nutrients and adjusting water quality parameters.

[0011] Optionally, the dynamic monitoring data in S3 includes: S31, biological restoration progress collection: regularly record the types and quantities of biological communities to obtain dynamic change data on biological restoration progress; S32, water quality change collection: continuously monitor the water quality data of the water body and obtain the value of the water quality change that decreases or increases; S33, sediment property change collection: monitor the change of sediment property data and obtain the decreased or increased sediment property change value.

[0012] Optionally, the multi-time scale ecological restoration analysis in S41 includes: S411, Multi-time scale segmentation analysis: Use multi-time scale segmentation method to analyze ecological environment data in different time periods and calculate the change rate of segmented data , to capture changes in ecological restoration; S412, Trend Identification: Rate of Change Based on Segmented Data , identify trends in ecological restoration through linear regression analysis models to estimate the rate of restoration and predict future changes; S413, phase change detection: by rate of change fluctuations, detect phase changes in the ecological restoration process, and when the rate of change in a certain period of time When it is greater than the set threshold T, it is judged as a phased change in the recovery process.

[0013] Optionally, the comprehensive verification of the repair effect in S42 includes: S421, verification of biological community structure optimization: Based on the Shannon diversity index and population structure stability index, evaluate the improvement of the biological community in the restoration area in terms of species quantity, population distribution and diversity, and compare the current data with the baseline data to quantify the degree of optimization of the biological community structure; S422, Environmental Improvement Assessment: By calculating the water quality change index and sediment quality improvement index, the environmental improvement effect of the restoration area is comprehensively evaluated to measure the improvement of the current water quality and sediment status; S423, Verification of ecological adaptability of restoration measures: Verify whether the restoration measures are compatible with the local ecological environment by calculating the population growth rate and ecosystem stability index.

[0014] Optionally, the generating of the evaluation report in S43 includes: S431, Current restoration status: Summarize the current ecological status of the restoration area, including the recovery of biological communities, the extent of water quality improvements, and changes in sediment quality; S432, display of various ecological indicators: display the Shannon diversity index, water quality change index, sediment quality improvement index, and identify the growth or stability stage in the ecological restoration process.

[0015] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention obtains ecological basic information on water quality, sediment properties, biological community distribution and polymetallic nodule distribution through the detailed collection of environmental baseline data and the combination of multimodal sensor technology, which provides a scientific basis for the subsequent evaluation and optimization of restoration effects. The ecological restoration plan formulated in combination with baseline data and the ecological characteristics of the mining area covers multi-level measures such as artificial attachment base deployment, biological community reconstruction and microecological environment optimization, ensuring that the restoration strategy is highly adapted to the target environment, thereby improving the effectiveness and pertinence of ecological restoration.

[0016] The present invention realizes dynamic monitoring of biological restoration progress, water quality changes and sediment property changes through the installation of dynamic monitoring equipment and real-time data collection, and can intuitively reflect the ecological change trend in the restoration process. It combines multi-time scale ecological restoration analysis methods, adopts segmented analysis, trend identification and stage change detection, which can not only track the restoration progress in real time, but also capture short-term and long-term trend changes, providing a scientific basis for the adjustment and optimization of restoration progress, making the restoration process more flexible and accurate.

[0017] The present invention, through comprehensive verification of restoration effects, provides scientific data support from the perspectives of biological community structure optimization, environmental improvement, and the ecological adaptability of restoration measures, ensuring that restoration measures are in line with the long-term stability and sustainability of the ecosystem. The final deep-sea ecological restoration assessment report summarizes the current restoration status and various ecological indicators, and can clearly present the overall situation of ecological restoration. It provides a systematic reference and scientific basis for the continuous optimization of ecological restoration and long-term management decisions, effectively improving the reliability and sustainability of the restoration effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only for the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a verification method flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of deep-sea ecological restoration progress assessment according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. At the same time, it is explained here that in order to make the embodiments more detailed, the following embodiments are the best and preferred embodiments, and those skilled in the art may also adopt other alternatives to implement some known technologies; and the accompanying drawings are only for more specific description of the embodiments, and are not intended to specifically limit the present invention.

[0021] like Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, a method for verifying the restoration of a deep-sea polymetallic nodule mining area ecosystem comprises the following steps: S1, Environmental baseline data collection: Use multimodal sensors to collect environmental baseline data of the target mining area, including water quality data, sediment property data, biological community distribution data and polymetallic nodule distribution data; S2, formulation and implementation of ecological restoration plan: Based on the collected environmental baseline data and the ecological characteristics of the target mining area, a restoration plan is formulated, including the placement of artificial attachment bases, reconstruction of biological communities and optimization of microecological environments. Restoration materials are selected according to the restoration plan and restoration operations are implemented; S3, dynamic monitoring data: install dynamic monitoring equipment to collect real-time ecological and environmental data of the mining area after the restoration operation is implemented, including the progress of biological recovery, changes in water quality and changes in sediment properties; S4, Deep-sea ecological restoration progress assessment: Based on ecological and environmental data, evaluate the restoration progress, verify the restoration effect, and generate an assessment report, including: S41, Multi-time scale ecological restoration analysis: Based on ecological and environmental data, multi-time scale analysis is conducted on the restoration area to identify trends and phase changes in restoration progress; S42, comprehensive verification of restoration effects: Combined with historical environmental baseline data, comprehensively evaluate the restoration effects, verify the degree of optimization of biological community structure, environmental improvement, and ecological adaptability of restoration measures; S43, Assessment report generation: Generate a deep-sea ecological restoration assessment report based on the results of multi-time scale ecological restoration analysis and comprehensive verification of restoration effects; Through the above content, a complete restoration verification process from baseline data to dynamic indicators has been established, making the progress of deep-sea ecological restoration quantifiable and the effects verifiable. This method has flexible restoration adjustment capabilities and accurate ecological impact prediction functions, which can effectively support the long-term ecological management of deep-sea mining areas and optimize restoration decisions, and significantly improve the scientificity and sustainability of restoration effects.

[0022] Environmental baseline data collection in S1 includes: S11, water quality data collection: by installing water quality sensors to monitor the temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH value and heavy metal ion concentration of the water in the mining area in real time, and obtain baseline data on water quality; S12, sediment property data collection: Use a sediment sampler to collect seabed sediment samples to obtain sediment particle size, heavy metal content, water content and organic matter composition; S13, biome distribution data collection: record the spatial distribution of biomes in the mining area through underwater camera equipment, and collect the population size, biomass and diversity of different species in combination with biosensors to obtain baseline distribution data of biomes; S14, polymetallic nodule distribution data collection: Use the sonar system to draw a distribution map of polymetallic nodules in the mining area, obtain the density, size and geographical distribution characteristics of the nodules, and form baseline information on polymetallic nodule resources; Through the above content, detailed ecological basic information has been established, which provides a scientific basis for the evaluation and optimization of subsequent restoration effects, can accurately reflect the ecological status of the mining area, ensure that the formulation of restoration plans is more targeted, and improve the effectiveness and sustainability of the restoration process.

[0023] The formulation and implementation of ecological restoration plans in S2 include: S21, Restoration Plan Development: Based on the environmental baseline data and the ecological characteristics of the target mining area, a restoration plan is developed, including the placement of artificial attachment bases, strategies for the reconstruction of biological communities, and measures to optimize the microecological environment. At the same time, restoration materials are selected according to the environmental needs of the mining area; S22, Implementation of restoration plan: Implement operations in the target mining area according to the formulated restoration plan, including laying artificial attachment bases, introducing or promoting the restoration of biological communities, and optimizing the microecological environment of the mining area; Through the above, we ensure that restoration measures are highly consistent with environmental needs, and promote the rapid recovery of the ecosystem through a refined implementation process. While improving restoration effects and efficiency, it helps to achieve sustainability and precise management of the restoration process.

[0024] The restoration plan formulation in S21 includes: S211, Determination of the location of artificial attachment bases: The location of artificial attachment bases shall be determined based on the distribution of benthic organisms in the mining area, sediment characteristics and water flow conditions in the environmental baseline data, including: Selection of benthic biomass density areas: Prioritize the placement of artificial attachment bases in areas where the benthic biomass density is higher than 50 individuals / square meter; Sediment characteristics area selection: Select sediment areas with a particle size between 0.1-1 mm and an organic matter content higher than 2%; Selection of water flow condition area: Place the attachment base in the area where the water flow velocity is less than 0.2 m / s; S212, Biome Reconstruction Strategy Formulation: Based on the ecological characteristics and biome structure of the target mining area, select pioneer species that are adapted to the deep-sea environment and control the pace of restoration, including: Selection of pioneer species: Deep-sea corals were selected as pioneer species in the deep-sea environment based on the ecological characteristics of the target mining area and the structural characteristics of the biological communities in the baseline data; Control the rhythm of community recovery: Control the rhythm of community recovery at intervals of 6 months; S213, Design of microecological environment optimization measures: Based on the water quality data in the environmental baseline data, formulate microecological environment optimization measures, including adding nutrient elements and adjusting water quality parameters to optimize the microecological environment conditions in the mining area; S214, selection of restoration materials: In combination with the environmental requirements of the mining area, environmentally friendly attachment base materials are selected as restoration materials, including artificial reefs and ceramic substrates; Through the above contents, a multi-level and systematic ecological restoration strategy was constructed by selecting the location of the attachment base, selecting pioneer species that adapt to the environment, designing microecological environment optimization measures, and selecting environmentally friendly restoration materials. This ensures the targetedness, ecological adaptability and long-term stability of the restoration measures, effectively improves the speed and quality of biological community recovery, and provides comprehensive support for the sustainable restoration of deep-sea ecosystems.

[0025] The fixes implemented in S22 include: S221, laying artificial attachment base: laying environmentally friendly attachment base materials, including artificial reefs or ceramic substrates, at the determined placement location; S222, Introduce or promote biota recovery: Introduce deep-sea corals on the substrate and control the recovery rhythm at 6-month intervals; S223, Optimizing the microecological environment in the mining area: improving the microecological environment conditions in the mining area by adding nutrients and adjusting water quality parameters; Through the above contents, we strictly implement the formulated plan step by step, by laying environmentally friendly attachment bases, introducing pioneer species adapted to the deep-sea environment and optimizing the microecological environment, we ensure the accuracy and effectiveness of the restoration operation, which not only provides a suitable growth and habitat environment for the biological community, but also significantly improves the stability and recovery speed of the mining area ecosystem, which helps to achieve long-term sustainable development of deep-sea ecological restoration.

[0026] The dynamic monitoring data in S3 includes: S31, biological restoration progress collection: regularly record the types and quantities of biological communities, and obtain dynamic change data on biological restoration progress, expressed as: ; Among them, BR is biological recovery progress, is the total number of biomes at the current time point t, is the total number of biomes at the beginning (when restoration begins); S32, water quality change collection: continuously monitor the water quality data of the water body, and obtain the value of the water quality change that decreases or increases, expressed as: ; Among them, WQ is the change of water quality, is the comprehensive water quality value monitored at the current time point t, is the initial comprehensive water quality value; S33, sediment property change collection: monitor the change of sediment property data, and obtain the decreased or increased sediment property change value, expressed as: ; Among them, SQ is the change of sediment properties, is the value of the comprehensive properties of sediment monitored at the current time point t, is the value of the initial comprehensive properties of sediment; Through the above content, the dynamic progress of the ecological restoration process can be intuitively reflected, and a clear numerical basis can be provided, making the evaluation of restoration effects more accurate and scientific. At the same time, these indicators can timely discover improvements or potential problems in the ecosystem, and provide strong data support for the real-time optimization of restoration strategies, ensuring the effectiveness and sustainability of the restoration process.

[0027] The multi-timescale ecological restoration analysis in S41 includes: S411, Multi-time scale segmentation analysis: Use multi-time scale segmentation method to analyze ecological environment data in different time periods and calculate the change rate of segmented data , to capture the change in ecological restoration, expressed as: ; ; in, is the average value of the i-th time period, is the jth data sampling value in the i-th time period, n is the number of data sampling times in the i-th time period, is the rate of change in the i-th time period, the percentage increase or decrease relative to the previous time period; S412, Trend Identification: Rate of Change Based on Segmented Data , the trend of ecological restoration was identified through a linear regression analysis model to estimate the recovery rate and predict future changes, expressed as: ; Among them, Y is the ecological restoration state, t is the time variable, is the regression intercept, indicating the initial state, and b is the recovery speed, i.e., the average rate of change in the recovery process; S413, phase change detection: by rate of change fluctuations, detect phase changes in the ecological restoration process, and when the rate of change in a certain period of time When it is greater than the set threshold T, it is judged as a phased change in the recovery process; The threshold T is set based on the standard deviation and mean of the historical change rate, expressed as: ; in, is the mean change rate of the baseline period, is the standard deviation of the change rate during the baseline period, reflecting the volatility within the normal range of change, and k is the amplification factor; Through the above content, it is possible to identify short-term and long-term trends in the restoration process, accurately capture the nodes of stage changes, and provide a scientific basis for real-time adjustment and optimization of ecological restoration. It is possible to dynamically track the speed and effect of ecological restoration, improve the flexibility and accuracy of restoration strategies, and ensure that the ecosystem continues to recover towards the expected goals.

[0028] The comprehensive verification of the repair effect in S42 includes: S421, verification of biological community structure optimization: Based on the Shannon diversity index and population structure stability index, evaluate the improvement of the biological community in the restoration area in terms of species quantity, population distribution and diversity, and compare the current data with the baseline data to quantify the degree of optimization of the biological community structure, expressed as: ; Where s is the total number of species in the ecosystem, is the relative abundance of the i-th species (i.e., the proportion of the number of this species to the total number), and SDI is the Shannon diversity index; ; in, is the number of the i-th species at the current time point t, is the number of the ith species in the baseline period (at the beginning of restoration), and PSI is the population structure stability index; S422, Environmental Improvement Assessment: By calculating the water quality change index and sediment quality improvement index, the environmental improvement effect of the restoration area is comprehensively evaluated, and the improvement of the current water quality and sediment status is measured, expressed as: ; Among them, WQI is the water quality change index, is the standardized value of the j-th water quality data, is the weight of each water quality data, n is the total number of water quality data; ; Among them, SQI is the sediment quality improvement index, is the standardized value of the kth sediment property data, and m is the total number of sediment property data; S423, Verification of ecological adaptability of restoration measures: Verify whether the restoration measures are compatible with the local ecological environment by calculating the population growth rate and ecosystem stability index, expressed as: ; Where PGR is the population growth rate, is the total population size at the current time point, is the total population size at the beginning; ; Among them, ESI is the ecosystem stability index, is the number of the i-th species at the current time point t, is the number of the i-th species at the previous time point t-1; Through the above content, accurate data support is provided from the dimensions of biodiversity, water quality and sediment quality, making the verification of restoration effects more scientific. At the same time, comprehensive verification can identify the ecological adaptability of restoration measures, ensure that restoration strategies are in line with the long-term stability and sustainability of the ecosystem, and provide a key basis for subsequent optimization.

[0029] The evaluation report generation in S43 includes: S431, Current restoration status: Summarize the current ecological status of the restoration area, including the recovery of biological communities, the extent of water quality improvements, and changes in sediment quality; S432, display of various ecological indicators: display Shannon diversity index, water quality change index, sediment quality improvement index, and identify the growth or stability stage in the ecological restoration process; Through the above content, summarizing the current status of biological community recovery, water quality improvement and sediment quality change can quickly understand the overall situation of ecological restoration, while the presentation of Shannon diversity index, water quality change index and sediment quality improvement index is helpful to identify the growth or stable stage in the process of ecological restoration.

[0030] The present invention covers any substitution, modification, equivalent method and scheme made on the essence and scope of the present invention. In order to make the public have a thorough understanding of the present invention, specific details are described in detail in the following preferred embodiments of the present invention, but those skilled in the art can fully understand the present invention without the description of these details. In addition, in order to avoid unnecessary confusion about the essence of the present invention, well-known methods, processes, procedures, components and circuits are not described in detail.

[0031] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for verifying the restoration of a deep-sea polymetallic nodule mining area ecosystem, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, Environmental baseline data collection: Use multimodal sensors to collect environmental baseline data of the target mining area, including water quality data, sediment property data, biological community distribution data and polymetallic nodule distribution data; S2, formulation and implementation of ecological restoration plan: Based on the collected environmental baseline data and the ecological characteristics of the target mining area, a restoration plan is formulated, including the placement of artificial attachment bases, reconstruction of biological communities and optimization of microecological environments. Restoration materials are selected according to the restoration plan and restoration operations are implemented; S3, dynamic monitoring data: install dynamic monitoring equipment to collect real-time ecological and environmental data of the mining area after the restoration operation is implemented, including the progress of biological recovery, changes in water quality and changes in sediment properties; S4, Deep-sea ecological restoration progress assessment: Based on ecological and environmental data, evaluate the restoration progress, verify the restoration effect, and generate an assessment report, including: S41, Multi-time scale ecological restoration analysis: Based on ecological and environmental data, multi-time scale analysis is conducted on the restoration area to identify trends and phase changes in restoration progress; S42, comprehensive verification of restoration effects: Combined with historical environmental baseline data, comprehensively evaluate the restoration effects, verify the degree of optimization of biological community structure, environmental improvement, and ecological adaptability of restoration measures; S43, evaluation report generation: Generate a deep-sea ecological restoration evaluation report based on the results of multi-time-scale ecological restoration analysis and comprehensive verification of restoration effects.

2. A method for verifying the restoration of a deep-sea polymetallic nodule mining area ecosystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: The environmental baseline data collection in S1 includes: S11, water quality data collection: by installing water quality sensors to monitor the temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH value and heavy metal ion concentration of the water in the mining area in real time, and obtain baseline data on water quality; S12, sediment property data collection: Use a sediment sampler to collect seabed sediment samples to obtain sediment particle size, heavy metal content, water content and organic matter composition; S13, biome distribution data collection: record the spatial distribution of biomes in the mining area through underwater camera equipment, and collect the population size, biomass and diversity of different species in combination with biosensors to obtain baseline distribution data of biomes; S14, polymetallic nodule distribution data collection: Use the sonar system to draw a distribution map of polymetallic nodules in the mining area, obtain the density, size and geographical distribution characteristics of the nodules, and form baseline information on polymetallic nodule resources.

3. A method for verifying the restoration of a deep-sea polymetallic nodule mining area ecosystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: The formulation and implementation of the ecological restoration plan in S2 includes: S21, Restoration Plan Development: Based on the environmental baseline data and the ecological characteristics of the target mining area, a restoration plan is developed, including the placement of artificial attachment bases, strategies for the reconstruction of biological communities, and measures to optimize the microecological environment. At the same time, restoration materials are selected according to the environmental needs of the mining area; S22, Implementation of restoration plan: Carry out operations in the target mining area according to the formulated restoration plan, including laying out artificial attachment bases, introducing or promoting the recovery of biological communities, and optimizing the microecological environment of the mining area.

4. A method for verifying the restoration of a deep-sea polymetallic nodule mining area ecosystem according to claim 3, characterized in that: The repair plan formulation in S21 includes: S211, Determination of the location of artificial attachment bases: The location of artificial attachment bases shall be determined based on the distribution of benthic organisms in the mining area, sediment characteristics and water flow conditions in the environmental baseline data, including: Selection of benthic biomass density areas: Prioritize the placement of artificial attachment bases in areas where the benthic biomass density is higher than 50 individuals / square meter; Sediment characteristics area selection: Select sediment areas with a particle size between 0.1-1 mm and an organic matter content higher than 2%; Selection of water flow condition area: Place the attachment base in the area where the water flow velocity is less than 0.2 m / s; S212, Biome Reconstruction Strategy Formulation: Based on the ecological characteristics and biome structure of the target mining area, select pioneer species that are adapted to the deep-sea environment and control the pace of restoration, including: Selection of pioneer species: Deep-sea corals were selected as pioneer species in the deep-sea environment based on the ecological characteristics of the target mining area and the structural characteristics of the biological communities in the baseline data; Control the rhythm of community recovery: Control the rhythm of community recovery at intervals of 6 months; S213, Design of microecological environment optimization measures: Based on the water quality data in the environmental baseline data, formulate microecological environment optimization measures, including adding nutrient elements and adjusting water quality parameters to optimize the microecological environment conditions in the mining area; S214, selection of repair materials: In combination with the environmental requirements of the mining area, select environmentally friendly attachment base materials as repair materials, including artificial reefs and ceramic substrates.

5. A method for verifying the restoration of a deep-sea polymetallic nodule mining area ecosystem according to claim 4, characterized in that: The implementation of the repair solution in S22 includes: S221, laying artificial attachment base: laying environmentally friendly attachment base materials, including artificial reefs or ceramic substrates, at the determined placement location; S222, Introduce or promote biota recovery: Introduce deep-sea corals on the substrate and control the recovery rhythm at 6-month intervals; S223, Optimize the microecological environment in the mining area: Improve the microecological environment conditions in the mining area by adding nutrients and adjusting water quality parameters.

6. A method for verifying the restoration of a deep-sea polymetallic nodule mining area ecosystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dynamic monitoring data in S3 includes: S31, biological restoration progress collection: regularly record the types and quantities of biological communities to obtain dynamic change data on biological restoration progress; S32, water quality change collection: continuously monitor the water quality data of the water body and obtain the value of the water quality change that decreases or increases; S33, sediment property change collection: monitor the change of sediment property data and obtain the decreased or increased sediment property change value.

7. A method for verifying the restoration of a deep-sea polymetallic nodule mining area ecosystem according to claim 6, characterized in that: The multi-time scale ecological restoration analysis in S41 includes: S411, Multi-time scale segmentation analysis: Use multi-time scale segmentation method to analyze ecological environment data in different time periods and calculate the change rate of segmented data , to capture changes in ecological restoration; S412, Trend Identification: Rate of Change Based on Segmented Data , identify trends in ecological recovery through linear regression analysis models to estimate recovery rates and predict future changes; S413, phase change detection: by rate of change fluctuations, detect phase changes in the ecological restoration process, and when the rate of change in a certain period of time When it is greater than the set threshold T, it is judged as a phased change in the recovery process.

8. A method for verifying the restoration of a deep-sea polymetallic nodule mining area ecosystem according to claim 7, characterized in that: The comprehensive verification of the repair effect in S42 includes: S421, verification of biological community structure optimization: Based on the Shannon diversity index and population structure stability index, evaluate the improvement of the biological community in the restoration area in terms of species quantity, population distribution and diversity, and compare the current data with the baseline data to quantify the degree of optimization of the biological community structure; S422, Environmental Improvement Assessment: By calculating the water quality change index and sediment quality improvement index, the environmental improvement effect of the restoration area is comprehensively evaluated to measure the improvement of the current water quality and sediment status; S423, Verification of ecological adaptability of restoration measures: Verify whether the restoration measures are compatible with the local ecological environment by calculating the population growth rate and ecosystem stability index.

9. A method for verifying the restoration of a deep-sea polymetallic nodule mining area ecosystem according to claim 8, characterized in that: The evaluation report generation in S43 includes: S431, Current restoration status: Summarize the current ecological status of the restoration area, including the recovery of biological communities, the extent of water quality improvements, and changes in sediment quality; S432, display of various ecological indicators: display the Shannon diversity index, water quality change index, sediment quality improvement index, and identify the growth or stability stage in the ecological restoration process.

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