Automatic cleaning and maintaining device and method for MBR (Membrane Bioreactor) membrane module

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, and discloses an automatic cleaning and maintaining device for an MBR (Membrane Biological Reactor) membrane component, which comprises a flushing tank, a backwashing header pipe, backwashing branch pipes, an aeration pipe and a sludge discharge pipe, a backwashing header pipe and an aeration pipe are arranged outside one side of the flushing tank, the backwashing header pipe is connected with a plurality of backwashing branch pipes positioned in the tank body, and the aeration pipe can be connected with an aeration pipe on the MBR membrane assembly through a connecting clamping groove; the backwashing branch pipes are fixed in position or can move up and down in the washing tank through a power source. The automatic cleaning and maintaining device for the MBR membrane component can be used for automatically cleaning the membrane component of the MBR, and aeration is provided in the cleaning process to separate pollutants such as particles, colloidal particles and oil adsorbed and deposited on the surface of the membrane component and in membrane holes from a membrane, so that the flux of the MBR membrane component is increased, the sewage treatment efficiency is improved, and the service life of the MBR membrane component is prolonged. And compared with manual cleaning of the membrane module, the cost is lower, the speed is higher, the intelligent degree is higher, and the operation is simpler and safer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, and in particular to an automatic cleaning and maintenance device and method for an MBR membrane assembly. Background Art

[0002] Membrane bioreactor (MBR) is an advanced wastewater treatment technology that combines the functions of membrane separation and bioreactor to effectively remove pollutants from wastewater. Membrane fouling is a key factor affecting the economy and operational stability of membrane bioreactors. Membrane fouling refers to the physical, chemical, biochemical or mechanical effects between the microparticles, colloidal particles or solute macromolecules in the feed liquid in contact with the membrane and the membrane, adsorption and deposition on the membrane surface or in the membrane pores, and accumulation of microorganisms at the membrane-water interface, which causes the membrane pore size to become smaller or blocked, and the membrane produces a significant reduction in the permeation flow and separation characteristics; membrane fouling not only shortens the service life of the membrane, but also directly leads to an increase in the pump suction head and aeration volume, resulting in an increase in the energy consumption of the MBR process.

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, it is necessary to perform offline cleaning and maintenance of the membrane bioreactor membrane components to remove the mud cake resistance. At present, the offline cleaning and maintenance of the membrane bioreactor membrane components is to manually clean the membrane bioreactor membrane components, which takes a long time, has high labor costs, and has low cleaning efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an automatic cleaning and maintenance device and method for MBR membrane components, which can improve cleaning efficiency, save labor, save membrane washing time, and increase the flux of the membrane components during use time, thereby saving membrane washing costs.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: The invention discloses an automatic cleaning and maintenance device for an MBR membrane assembly, comprising a flushing tank, a backwashing main pipe, backwashing branch pipes, an aeration pipe and a mud discharge pipe; the flushing tank is a tank body structure with an opening at the top, and the opening size thereof satisfies the entry of the membrane assembly of the membrane bioreactor; a backwashing main pipe and an aeration pipe are arranged on the outside of one side of the flushing tank, one end of the backwashing main pipe is connected to a water source, and the other end is connected to a plurality of backwashing branch pipes located in the tank body; one end of the aeration pipe is connected to an air source, and the other end can be connected to the aeration pipe on the MBR membrane assembly through a connecting slot; the plurality of backwashing branch pipes are fixed in position and / or can be moved up and down in the flushing tank through a power source; a mud discharge pipe connected to the tank is installed at the bottom of the flushing tank.

[0006] Furthermore, the other end of the backwash main pipe is connected to a plurality of backwash branch pipes through a multi-port joint and a hose; the plurality of backwash branch pipes are blind pipes, which are closed at one end away from the backwash main pipe, and the backwash branch pipes have a plurality of nozzles coaxially arranged at equal intervals toward the center of the flushing pool.

[0007] Furthermore, the plurality of backwash branch pipes include two fixed backwash branch pipes located at the upper part of the flushing tank and four movable backwash branch pipes that can move up and down in the flushing tank through a power source.

[0008] Furthermore, the power source is a cylinder.

[0009] Furthermore, a dosing pump for dosing is also installed on the backwash main pipe.

[0010] Furthermore, a first pneumatic valve and a second pneumatic valve are respectively installed on the backwash main pipe and the aeration pipe outside one side of the flushing tank; a third pneumatic valve is installed on the mud discharge pipe; a first water level sensor and a second water level sensor, as well as a signal sensor are provided in the flushing tank; a sub-control pneumatic valve is installed on each backwash branch pipe; the signal sensor is electrically connected to the first pneumatic valve, each sub-control pneumatic valve and a power source, the first water level sensor is electrically connected to the second pneumatic valve and the sub-control pneumatic valves on the two backwash branch pipes located at the bottom of the flushing tank, and the second water level sensor is electrically connected to the third pneumatic valve; the first water level sensor is connected to a timer, and the timer is electrically connected to the first pneumatic valve and the dosing pump.

[0011] An automatic cleaning and maintenance method for an MBR membrane assembly, the method cleaning and maintaining the MBR membrane assembly based on the above-mentioned automatic cleaning and maintenance device for the MBR membrane assembly, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Use a crane to hoist the membrane assembly of the membrane bioreactor into the flushing tank, and ensure that the aeration pipe on the MBR membrane assembly is connected to the aeration pipe outside one side of the flushing tank through a connecting slot; after the membrane assembly is in place, the signal sensor in the flushing tank triggers a cleaning signal; Step 2: The first pneumatic valve on the backwash main pipe, the sub-control pneumatic valve on the backwash branch pipe, and the power source are started after receiving the cleaning signal from the signal sensor. The two fixed backwash branch pipes A and B on the upper part of the flushing tank flush the membrane assembly in a directional manner. The four mobile backwash branch pipes C, D, E, and F in the flushing tank flush the membrane assembly up and down through the power source to pre-wash the membrane assembly. Step 3, as the membrane assembly is pre-flushed, the liquid level in the flushing tank continues to rise. When the liquid level rises to submerge 1 / 4 of the bottom membrane of the membrane assembly, the first water level sensor at the corresponding position in the flushing tank generates a detection signal; Step 4: the second pneumatic valve on the aeration pipe outside one side of the flushing tank is started after receiving the detection signal of the first water level sensor, and the diaphragm of the membrane assembly is continuously shaken by aeration; at the same time, the sub-control pneumatic valves on the mobile backwash branch pipe E and the mobile backwash branch pipe F in the flushing tank stop flushing after receiving the detection signal of the first water level sensor, the fixed backwash branch pipe A and the fixed backwash branch pipe B continue to directionally flush the membrane assembly, and the mobile backwash branch pipe C and the mobile backwash branch pipe D continue to move up and down through the power source to flush the membrane assembly, so as to perform shaking flushing of the membrane assembly; Step 5, as the membrane assembly is shaken and flushed, the liquid level in the flushing tank continues to rise. When the liquid level rises to submerge 3 / 4 of the bottom membrane of the membrane assembly, the second water level sensor at the corresponding position in the flushing tank generates a detection signal; Step 6: After receiving the detection signal from the second water level sensor, the third pneumatic valve on the mud discharge pipe is activated to drain the mud discharge pipe; when the liquid level drops to submerge 1 / 4 of the bottom membrane of the membrane assembly, the first water level sensor at the corresponding position in the flushing pool generates a detection signal again; Step 7: The second pneumatic valve on the aeration pipe outside one side of the flushing tank stops after receiving the secondary detection signal of the first water level sensor, and the sub-control pneumatic valves on the mobile backwash branch pipe E and the mobile backwash branch pipe F start after receiving the secondary detection signal of the first water level sensor, and the power source is used to continuously move up and down to flush the membrane assembly, so as to flush the membrane assembly by lowering the liquid level; Step 8, the timer starts the timing function after receiving the secondary detection signal from the first water level sensor, and sends a stop signal to the first pneumatic valve on the backwash main pipe after the set flushing time is reached to stop flushing; this process is the fine washing stage; Step 9, after the timer reaches the set flushing time, it sends a start signal to the dosing pump on the backwash main pipe, and the dosing pump and the backwash branch pipe spray the membrane assembly, wherein the two fixed backwash branch pipes A and the fixed backwash branch pipe B spray the membrane assembly in a directional manner, and the four mobile backwash branch pipes C, D, E and F in the flushing tank spray the membrane assembly by moving up and down through the power source; this process is the backwash dosing stage; Step 10, while spraying the medicine, the timer starts secondary timing, the secondary timing time is the reaction time between the medicine and the remaining clogging pollutants in the membrane component, and after the timer reaches the set reaction time, the membrane component of the membrane bioreactor can be lifted out of the flushing tank by the driving.

[0012] Furthermore, a water pressure control pump is installed on the backwash main pipe, and the flushing water pressure during the membrane assembly flushing process is controlled by the water pressure control pump; The flushing water pressure parameters are calculated as follows: The flushing water pressure is controlled by a pressure regulating valve. Generally, the flushing pressure required for the membrane module is 0.1-0.15MPa.

[0013] Further, in step 9, the amount of medicine sprayed to the membrane assembly through the dosing pump and the backwash branch pipe is calculated by the following method:

[0014] m is the dosage, Q is the flow rate of the dosing pump, T is the dosing time, and the dosing time is determined according to the time of membrane pollution. The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The MBR membrane component automatic cleaning and maintenance device can realize automatic cleaning of the membrane components of the membrane bioreactor. The cleaning process includes pre-washing, shaking washing, lowering washing, fine washing stage, backwashing and dosing stage. Aeration is provided during the cleaning process to separate pollutants such as microparticles, colloidal particles, and oil adsorbed and deposited on the surface and in the membrane pores of the membrane component from the membrane, thereby increasing the flux of the MBR membrane component and improving the sewage treatment efficiency.

[0015] The membrane components of the membrane bioreactor can be automatically cleaned by the MBR membrane component automatic cleaning and maintenance device. The membrane components of the membrane bioreactor only need to be lifted into and out of the flushing tank by a crane. Compared with manual cleaning of membrane components, the MBR membrane component automatic cleaning and maintenance device has lower cost, faster speed, higher intelligence, and is simpler and safer to operate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the automatic cleaning and maintenance device for the MBR membrane assembly of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a wiring diagram of the electric control components of the automatic cleaning and maintenance device for the MBR membrane assembly of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram showing that the mobile backwash branch pipe of the automatic cleaning and maintenance device for the MBR membrane assembly of the present invention moves to the highest point; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the mobile backwash branch pipe of the automatic cleaning and maintenance device for the MBR membrane assembly of the present invention moving to the highest and lowest positions; Figure 1 —4, 1—flushing tank, 2—backwash main pipe, 3—backwash branch pipe, 4—aeration pipe, 5—sludge discharge pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] This embodiment provides an automatic cleaning and maintenance device for MBR membrane components. Figure 1 As shown, the automatic cleaning and maintenance device for MBR membrane components includes a flushing tank 1, a backwashing main pipe 2, a backwashing branch pipe 3, an aeration pipe 4 and a mud discharge pipe 5; wherein, the flushing tank 1 is a tank structure with an opening at the top, and the opening size of the flushing tank 1 meets the entry of the membrane components of the membrane bioreactor, and the function of the flushing tank 1 is to enable the membrane component cleaning process of the entire membrane bioreactor to be carried out in the flushing tank 1. The backwashing main pipe 2 and the aeration pipe 4 are arranged outside one side of the flushing tank 1; one end of the backwashing main pipe 2 is connected to the water source, and the other end is connected to the backwashing branch pipe 3, and the function of the backwashing main pipe 2 is to supply water to the backwashing branch pipe 3; one end of the aeration pipe 4 is connected to the air source, and the other end can be connected to the aeration pipe on the MBR membrane component through a connecting slot, and the function of the aeration pipe 4 is to enable aeration during the cleaning process. The mud discharge pipe 5 is installed at the bottom of the flushing tank 1, and the mud discharge pipe 5 is connected to the tank for the discharge of sewage.

[0019] The backwash branch pipes 3 are located in the tank body. There are six backwash branch pipes 3, including two fixed backwash branch pipes 3 located in the upper part of the flushing tank 1 and four mobile backwash branch pipes 3 that can move up and down in the flushing tank 1 through a power source. The six backwash branch pipes 3 are symmetrically arranged at the front and back sides of the flushing tank 1. The power source is a cylinder. The four mobile backwash branch pipes 3 can be moved up and down in the flushing tank 1 through two groups of cylinders. The cylinders are installed at the corners of the flushing tank 1, and the telescopic rods of the cylinders can be telescoped into the tank. All backwash branch pipes 3 are blind pipes, which are closed at one end away from the backwash main pipe 2. The backwash branch pipes 3 are coaxially arranged with a number of nozzles at equal intervals toward the center of the flushing tank 1. The backwash branch pipe 3 can be connected to the backwash main pipe 2 through a multi-port joint and a hose to connect several backwash branch pipes 3. For example, in this embodiment, six backwash branch pipes 3 are used, and a three-way pipe joint can be installed at the end of the backwash main pipe 2, and then two four-way pipe joints can be installed through the three-way pipe joint, and the four-way pipe joint and the six backwash branch pipes 3 are connected through a hose. The function of the backwash branch pipe 3 is to be able to perform multi-position flushing on the membrane assembly of the membrane bioreactor.

[0020] Furthermore, in order to realize the fully automatic cleaning process and save manpower, the MBR membrane module automatic cleaning and maintenance device is also equipped with the following electronic control components: like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, a first pneumatic valve and a second pneumatic valve are respectively installed on the backwash main pipe 2 and the aeration pipe 4 outside one side of the flushing tank 1, and a third pneumatic valve is installed on the mud discharge pipe 5; at the same time, a first water level sensor and a second water level sensor, as well as a signal sensor are provided in the flushing tank 1; a sub-control pneumatic valve is installed on each backwash branch pipe 3; in addition, the first water level sensor is connected to a timer, and the timer is electrically connected to the first pneumatic valve.

[0021] Among them, the signal sensor is used to detect whether the membrane assembly of the membrane bioreactor enters the flushing tank 1. In actual projects, the signal sensor can adopt existing commercially available products such as a beam-type photoelectric switch. The signal sensor is electrically connected to the first pneumatic valve, each sub-control pneumatic valve and the power source to transmit the cleaning signal.

[0022] The first pneumatic valve, the second pneumatic valve, the third pneumatic valve and the sub-control pneumatic valve are commercially available finished equipment. The first pneumatic valve is used to control the on-off of the backwash main pipe 2, the second pneumatic valve is used to control the on-off of the aeration pipe 4, the third pneumatic valve is used to control the on-off of the mud discharge pipe 5, and the six sub-control pneumatic valves are used to control the on-off of the six backwash branch pipes 3 respectively.

[0023] The first water level sensor and the second water level sensor are commercially available finished devices, which are used to detect the water level height in the flushing tank 1 and perform different cleaning processes at different liquid level heights; the first water level sensor is electrically connected to the second pneumatic valve and the sub-control pneumatic valves on the two backwash branch pipes 3 located at the bottom of the flushing tank 1, and the second water level sensor is electrically connected to the third pneumatic valve.

[0024] Based on the above-mentioned MBR membrane module automatic cleaning and maintenance device, the MBR membrane module is cleaned and maintained according to the following steps: Step 1, hoist the membrane assembly of the membrane bioreactor into the flushing tank 1 by a crane, and ensure that the aeration pipe on the MBR membrane assembly is connected to the aeration pipe 4 outside one side of the flushing tank 1 through the connecting slot; after the membrane assembly is in place, the signal sensor in the flushing tank 1 triggers a cleaning signal.

[0025] Step 2, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the first pneumatic valve on the backwash main pipe 2, the sub-control pneumatic valve on the backwash branch pipe 3, and the power source are started after receiving the cleaning signal from the signal sensor, and the two fixed backwash branch pipes A and the fixed backwash branch pipes B at the upper part of the flushing tank 1 perform directional flushing of water to the membrane assembly, and the four movable backwash branch pipes C, D, E and F in the flushing tank 1 move up and down through the power source to flush water to the membrane assembly for pre-flushing of the membrane assembly.

[0026] The purpose and significance of pre-flushing is to flush the large contaminants on the membrane assembly in advance and replenish the water in the flushing tank 1 to facilitate the air-water mixing, shaking and flushing of the membrane assembly membrane in the next stage.

[0027] Step 3: As the membrane assembly is pre-flushed, the liquid level in the flushing tank 1 continues to rise. When the liquid level rises to submerge 1 / 4 of the bottom membrane of the membrane assembly, the first water level sensor at the corresponding position in the flushing tank 1 generates a detection signal.

[0028] Step 4, the second pneumatic valve on the aeration pipe 4 outside one side of the flushing tank 1 is started after receiving the detection signal of the first water level sensor, and the diaphragm of the membrane assembly is continuously shaken by aeration; at the same time, the sub-control pneumatic valves on the mobile backwash branch pipe E and the mobile backwash branch pipe F in the flushing tank 1 stop flushing after receiving the detection signal of the first water level sensor, and the fixed backwash branch pipe A and the fixed backwash branch pipe B continue to directionally flush the membrane assembly, and the mobile backwash branch pipe C and the mobile backwash branch pipe D continuously move up and down through the power source to flush the membrane assembly, so as to perform shaking flushing of the membrane assembly.

[0029] The purpose and significance of shaking flushing is that an aeration device is provided at the bottom of the membrane assembly. The membrane fibers are shaken in an aerated environment to shake off pollutants such as mud attached to the membrane fibers, thereby facilitating flushing effects.

[0030] During the shaking and flushing process, the aeration pipe 4 provides aeration, so that pollutants such as particles, colloidal particles, and oil adsorbed and deposited on the surface and in the membrane pores of the membrane assembly are separated from the membrane, thereby increasing the flux of the MBR membrane assembly and improving the sewage treatment efficiency.

[0031] Step 5, as the membrane assembly is shaken and flushed, the liquid level in the flushing tank 1 continues to rise. When the liquid level rises to submerge 3 / 4 of the bottom membrane of the membrane assembly, the second water level sensor at the corresponding position in the flushing tank 1 generates a detection signal; Step 6, the third pneumatic valve on the mud discharge pipe 5 is started after receiving the detection signal of the second water level sensor, so that the mud discharge pipe 5 can drain water; when the liquid level drops to submerge 1 / 4 of the bottom diaphragm of the membrane assembly, the first water level sensor at the corresponding position in the flushing pool 1 generates a detection signal again.

[0032] As the flushing proceeds, the pollutants deposited on the membrane fibers fall into the flushing tank 1 due to the flushing force of the water and its own gravity. The sludge that falls into the cleaning tank will slowly settle to the bottom and be discharged from the flushing tank 1 by opening the sludge discharge pipe 5.

[0033] Step 7: The second pneumatic valve on the aeration pipe 4 outside one side of the flushing tank 1 stops after receiving the secondary detection signal of the first water level sensor, and the sub-control pneumatic valves on the mobile backwash branch pipe E and the mobile backwash branch pipe F start after receiving the secondary detection signal of the first water level sensor, and the power source is used to continuously move up and down to flush water to the membrane assembly to perform liquid level lowering flushing of the membrane assembly.

[0034] The purpose and significance of the liquid level reduction flushing is that the mud and other pollutants flushed down during the flushing process are directly discharged from the flushing tank 1, which is convenient for the cleaning of the membrane components and the hygiene of the flushing tank 1.

[0035] Step 8, the timer starts the timing function after receiving the secondary detection signal from the first water level sensor, and sends a stop signal to the first pneumatic valve on the backwash main pipe 2 to stop flushing after the set flushing time is reached.

[0036] This process is the fine washing stage. The purpose and significance of the fine washing stage are: in this stage, a large amount of mud and other pollutants have been washed off and discharged from the washing tank 1, and the pollutants can be directly removed to avoid secondary pollution of the membrane component. By controlling the washing time, the degree of cleaning of the membrane pollutants can be controlled.

[0037] Furthermore, in order to improve the cleaning effect, in this embodiment, a dosing pump for adding medicine is also installed on the backwash main pipe 2, and the dosing pump is electrically connected to the timer.

[0038] Step 9, after the timer reaches the set flushing time, it sends a start signal to the dosing pump on the backwash main pipe 2, and sprays medicine to the membrane assembly through the dosing pump and the backwash branch pipe 3. Among them, the two fixed backwash branch pipes A and the fixed backwash branch pipe B carry out directionally spraying medicine to the membrane assembly, and the four mobile backwash branch pipes C, mobile backwash branch pipe D, mobile backwash branch pipe E and mobile backwash branch pipe F in the flushing tank 1 move up and down through the power source to spray medicine to the membrane assembly.

[0039] This process is the backwash dosing stage. The purpose and significance of the backwash dosing stage is to further remove organic / inorganic pollutants attached to the membrane surface that cannot be washed off with water by adding acid / alkaline agents, thereby enhancing the membrane cleaning effect and increasing the membrane flux.

[0040] Step 10, while spraying the medicine, the timer starts secondary timing, and the secondary timing time is the reaction time between the medicine and the remaining clogging pollutants in the membrane component. After the timer reaches the set reaction time, the membrane component of the membrane bioreactor can be lifted out of the flushing tank 1 by the driving.

[0041] It should be noted that, during the above cleaning and maintenance process of the MBR membrane assembly, the flushing water pressure needs to be controlled. Excessive water pressure will damage the membrane fibers of the membrane assembly, and too low water pressure will not achieve the cleaning effect. Therefore, a water pressure control pump is also installed on the backwash main pipe 2 in this embodiment, and the flushing water pressure during the flushing process of the membrane assembly is controlled by the water pressure control pump; The flushing water pressure parameters are calculated as follows: The flushing water pressure is controlled by a pressure regulating valve. Generally, the flushing pressure required for the membrane module is 0.1-0.15MPa.

[0042] In addition, the reagents used in step 9 of this embodiment are sodium hypochlorite, citric acid, etc., and the spraying amount needs to be accurately controlled. The spraying amount meets the needs of the membrane component while avoiding waste of reagents; the spraying amount of the membrane component sprayed by the dosing pump and the backwash branch pipe 3 can be calculated by the following method:

[0043] Where m is the dosage, Q is the flow rate of the dosing pump, T is the dosing time, and the dosing time is determined according to the time of membrane fouling.

[0044] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automatic cleaning and maintenance device for MBR membrane components, characterized in that: The automatic cleaning and maintenance device for MBR membrane components comprises a flushing tank, a backwashing main pipe, a backwashing branch pipe, an aeration pipe and a mud discharge pipe; the flushing tank is a tank body structure with an opening at the top, and its opening size meets the entry of the membrane components of the membrane bioreactor; a backwashing main pipe and an aeration pipe are arranged on the outside of one side of the flushing tank, one end of the backwashing main pipe is connected to a water source, and the other end is connected to a plurality of backwashing branch pipes located in the tank body; one end of the aeration pipe is connected to an air source, and the other end can be connected to the aeration pipe on the MBR membrane component through a connecting slot; the plurality of backwashing branch pipes are fixed in position and / or can be moved up and down in the flushing tank through a power source; a mud discharge pipe connected to the tank is installed at the bottom of the flushing tank.

2. The MBR membrane assembly automatic cleaning and maintenance device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The other end of the backwash main pipe is connected to a plurality of backwash branch pipes through a multi-port joint and a hose; the plurality of backwash branch pipes are blind pipes, one end of which is closed away from the backwash main pipe, and a plurality of nozzles are coaxially arranged at equal intervals on the backwash branch pipe toward the center of the flushing tank.

3. The automatic cleaning and maintenance device for MBR membrane components according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The plurality of backwash branch pipes include two fixed backwash branch pipes located at the upper part of the flushing tank and four movable backwash branch pipes which can move up and down in the flushing tank through a power source.

4. The automatic cleaning and maintenance device for MBR membrane components according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The power source is a cylinder.

5. The automatic cleaning and maintenance device for MBR membrane components according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A dosing pump for dosing is also installed on the backwash main pipe.

6. The automatic cleaning and maintenance device for MBR membrane components according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The first pneumatic valve and the second pneumatic valve are respectively installed on the backwash main pipe and the aeration pipe outside one side of the flushing tank; the third pneumatic valve is installed on the mud discharge pipe; the first water level sensor, the second water level sensor, and the signal sensor are arranged in the flushing tank; each backwash branch pipe is installed with a sub-control pneumatic valve; the signal sensor is electrically connected to the first pneumatic valve, each sub-control pneumatic valve and the power source, the first water level sensor is electrically connected to the second pneumatic valve, and the sub-control pneumatic valves on the two backwash branch pipes located at the bottom of the flushing tank, and the second water level sensor is electrically connected to the third pneumatic valve; the first water level sensor is connected to a timer, and the timer is electrically connected to the first pneumatic valve and the dosing pump.

7. An automatic cleaning and maintenance method for MBR membrane components, characterized in that: The method is based on the MBR membrane assembly automatic cleaning and maintenance device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 to clean and maintain the MBR membrane assembly, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Use a crane to hoist the membrane assembly of the membrane bioreactor into the flushing tank, and ensure that the aeration pipe on the MBR membrane assembly is connected to the aeration pipe outside one side of the flushing tank through a connecting slot; after the membrane assembly is in place, the signal sensor in the flushing tank triggers a cleaning signal; Step 2: The first pneumatic valve on the backwash main pipe, the sub-control pneumatic valve on the backwash branch pipe, and the power source are started after receiving the cleaning signal from the signal sensor. The two fixed backwash branch pipes A and B on the upper part of the flushing tank flush the membrane assembly in a directional manner. The four mobile backwash branch pipes C, D, E, and F in the flushing tank flush the membrane assembly up and down through the power source to pre-wash the membrane assembly. Step 3, as the membrane assembly is pre-flushed, the liquid level in the flushing tank continues to rise. When the liquid level rises to submerge 1 / 4 of the bottom membrane of the membrane assembly, the first water level sensor at the corresponding position in the flushing tank generates a detection signal; Step 4: the second pneumatic valve on the aeration pipe outside one side of the flushing tank is started after receiving the detection signal of the first water level sensor, and the diaphragm of the membrane assembly is continuously shaken by aeration; at the same time, the sub-control pneumatic valves on the mobile backwash branch pipe E and the mobile backwash branch pipe F in the flushing tank stop flushing after receiving the detection signal of the first water level sensor, the fixed backwash branch pipe A and the fixed backwash branch pipe B continue to directionally flush the membrane assembly, and the mobile backwash branch pipe C and the mobile backwash branch pipe D continue to move up and down through the power source to flush the membrane assembly, so as to perform shaking flushing of the membrane assembly; Step 5, as the membrane assembly is shaken and flushed, the liquid level in the flushing tank continues to rise. When the liquid level rises to submerge 3 / 4 of the bottom membrane of the membrane assembly, the second water level sensor at the corresponding position in the flushing tank generates a detection signal; Step 6: After receiving the detection signal from the second water level sensor, the third pneumatic valve on the mud discharge pipe is activated to drain the mud discharge pipe; when the liquid level drops to submerge 1 / 4 of the bottom membrane of the membrane assembly, the first water level sensor at the corresponding position in the flushing pool generates a detection signal again; Step 7: The second pneumatic valve on the aeration pipe outside one side of the flushing tank stops after receiving the secondary detection signal of the first water level sensor, and the sub-control pneumatic valves on the mobile backwash branch pipe E and the mobile backwash branch pipe F start after receiving the secondary detection signal of the first water level sensor, and the power source is used to continuously move up and down to flush the membrane assembly, so as to flush the membrane assembly by lowering the liquid level; Step 8, the timer starts the timing function after receiving the secondary detection signal from the first water level sensor, and sends a stop signal to the first pneumatic valve on the backwash main pipe after the set flushing time is reached to stop flushing; this process is the fine washing stage; Step 9, after the timer reaches the set flushing time, it sends a start signal to the dosing pump on the backwash main pipe, and the dosing pump and the backwash branch pipe spray the membrane assembly, wherein the two fixed backwash branch pipes A and the fixed backwash branch pipe B spray the membrane assembly in a directional manner, and the four mobile backwash branch pipes C, D, E and F in the flushing tank spray the membrane assembly by moving up and down through the power source; this process is the backwash dosing stage; Step 10, while spraying the medicine, the timer starts secondary timing, the secondary timing time is the reaction time between the medicine and the remaining clogging pollutants in the membrane component, and after the timer reaches the set reaction time, the membrane component of the membrane bioreactor can be lifted out of the flushing tank by the driving.

8. The automatic cleaning and maintenance method for MBR membrane components according to claim 7, characterized in that: The backwash main pipe is also equipped with a water pressure control pump, which controls the flushing water pressure during the membrane assembly flushing process; The flushing water pressure is controlled by a pressure regulating valve. Generally, the flushing pressure required for the membrane module is 0.1-0.15MPa.

9. The automatic cleaning and maintenance method for MBR membrane components according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step 9, the amount of medicine sprayed to the membrane module through the dosing pump and the backwash branch pipe is calculated by the following method: ； Where m is the dosage, Q is the flow rate of the dosing pump, T is the dosing time, and the dosing time is determined according to the time of membrane fouling.

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