Integrated device and method with solid-liquid separation and residual carbon separation and recovery functions

Abstract

The invention provides an integrated device and method with solid-liquid separation and residual carbon separation and recovery functions, and relates to the field of dehydration treatment. The integrated device comprises a vacuum tank main body, a feeding mechanism, a heating mechanism, a vacuum mechanism, a back flushing mechanism and a discharging mechanism, the vacuum tank main body comprises a vacuum tank, a driving motor and a spiral blade, the driving motor is mounted at the top of the vacuum tank and connected with the spiral blade, the spiral blade is arranged in the vacuum tank, the vacuum tank is provided with a vacuumizing opening and a filtrate opening, and the vacuumizing opening and the filtrate opening are both provided with filters; the feeding mechanism is communicated with the vacuum tank, the heating mechanism is arranged on the outer wall or the inner wall of the vacuum tank, the vacuum mechanism is communicated with the vacuum tank, the discharging mechanism is respectively communicated with the side discharging opening, the lower discharging opening and the filtrate opening, and the back flushing mechanism is respectively communicated with the vacuumizing opening and the filtrate opening. According to the method, the purposes of solid-liquid separation and residual carbon separation can be achieved at the same time, the technological process is shortened, and the equipment investment, the operation cost and the labor intensity of workers are greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of dehydration treatment, and in particular to an integrated device and method for both solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery. Background Art

[0002] The dehydration of solid waste is common in the treatment of sludge generated by urban sewage and industrial wastewater treatment plants, as well as other solid wastes with similar moisture content to sludge. Generally speaking, solid waste with a moisture content of more than 90% must first be dehydrated to reduce its volume for packaging, transportation and subsequent resource utilization.

[0003] In the field of coal chemical industry, coal gasification is the leading device of coal chemical industry. my country has many coal gasification devices in operation in many provinces and cities such as Northeast China and Northwest China. However, the liquid waste slag produced after gasification has a great negative impact on the ecological environment. Due to the high water content in the slag, the continuous drainage during the loading process causes the poor environment in the slag water loading area, and also causes a large amount of water resources and residual carbon resources in the waste slag. Therefore, dehydration treatment is necessary.

[0004] Coal gasification filter cake (gasification slag) is a typical fine-grained material. At present, there are many technologies for solid-liquid separation, dehydration and drying of this type of fine-grained material in China, and many of them have been put into practical application, including vacuum belt filter press, screw stacking machine, plate and frame filter press, etc., as well as heated vacuum plate and frame filter press that is a combination of vacuum belt filter press, frame filter press and steam drying technology.

[0005] The vacuum belt filter press adopts a fixed vacuum box, on which the tape slides, and a moving seal is formed between the vacuum box and the tape. It is a device that uses vacuum negative pressure as a driving force to achieve solid-liquid separation. In terms of structure, the filter section is arranged along the horizontal length direction, and can continuously complete the process operations such as filtering, unloading slag, and filter cloth cleaning.

[0006] The plate and frame filter press is composed of filter plates and filter frames arranged alternately. The filter frames are sandwiched with filter cloth on both sides and fixed with clamps at both ends. The plates and frames are both provided with grooves connected to the mud inlet holes to form a conduit. During filtration, the mud is pumped into the machine through the conduit and introduced into the spaces of each filter frame. The filtrate passes through the filter cloth and is discharged from the drainage pipe along the grooves of the filter plates, and the filter cake remains in the frame. When one operation is completed, the filter press automatically pulls open the root plate and unloads the filter cake. In terms of design structure, two main beams connect the fixed plate and the clamping mechanism to form a frame. The filter plates and filter frames are alternately arranged between the fixed plate and the movable pressure plate, and the annular filter cloth is sandwiched between the plate and the frame. The clamping mechanism drives the movable plate to drive the filter plates and filter frames to move on the main beam to press and pull the plate and frame apart. There are ear holes around the filter plates and filter frames, and a water flow channel is formed after the plate and frame are pressed (there are two designs: dark channel and open flow). The main unit is designed with mud inlet, high-pressure water inlet, filtrate outlet, as well as squeeze, forward blowing, reverse blowing and compressed air channels. Between the filter frame and the filter plate, it is used to discharge the filtrate and support the squeeze filter cake.

[0007] Vacuum drying equipment is also a general term for a type of equipment. The application requirements in the chemical, pharmaceutical, food and other industries are different, and the structural forms of the equipment are also different, but they all use the principle of phase change of water in the material under vacuum conditions to deeply dehydrate the material. Therefore, the moisture content of the material treated by this type of technology is lower than that of the material treated by conventional equipment such as traditional belt filters, plate and frame filter presses or centrifugal separators, and the dehydration performance is better.

[0008] As for the coal gasification process itself, the bottom flow concentration of the coal gasification black water sedimentation tank is low, the particle size is small, and the particles are porous in structure, with 20-40% residual carbon and high inherent moisture. The material is difficult to filter and dry. Ordinary filter cake filtration equipment and processes cannot further reduce the moisture content of the filter residue, and the treatment effect is poor. In addition, the residual carbon contained in the filter cake cannot be recycled and reused simultaneously.

[0009] At present, the conventional practice for dehydrating coal gasification filter cake is to use a belt vacuum filter for treatment. This process is to absorb the moisture in the gasified fine ash with high concentration of moisture attached to the filter cake layer through a vacuum system to form a filter cake. This process has the following defects: First, the filter cake layer is in direct contact with the atmosphere, the vacuum degree is low, and the energy consumption is high; second, there is no phase change in the dehydration process, and the moisture in the fine ash pores is difficult to remove, resulting in the gasification fine ash After being treated by the vacuum filter, the moisture content remains at around 60%. In order to further reduce the moisture content in the fine ash, some companies have tried to use horizontal screw centrifuges to dehydrate the gasification fine ash. Under the action of centrifugal force, the horizontal screw centrifuge is more efficient in separating moisture than the belt vacuum filter, but because there is no phase change in the dehydration process, the moisture in the fine ash pores is still difficult to further remove.

[0010] After trying the vacuum filtration and centrifugal dehydration methods, the results were not ideal. If the moisture content in the fine ash is further reduced, a water phase change must be produced to completely solve the problem of fine ash dehydration. Therefore, some companies combined the operating experience of vacuum belt filters and plate-frame filter presses and used heated vacuum plate-frame filter presses for treatment. Although the treatment effect has been improved, this technology also has the following disadvantages: First, the plate-frame design of the pressing diaphragm and the heating diaphragm is adopted, which is more complex than the structure of conventional filter presses and more difficult to operate and maintain; second, compared with vacuum belt filters and conventional plate-frame filters, a hot water heating system is added. On the one hand, the energy consumption of the device is higher, and on the other hand, the service life of the filter cloth and spare parts of the device will be reduced; third, the system has many spare parts and auxiliary equipment, and the device occupies a large area and has high investment costs.

[0011] Therefore, in order to comprehensively solve the problems of low dehydration efficiency and high energy consumption of fine slag materials, no matter which of the above dehydration forms is used, the residual carbon in the filter cake cannot be effectively sorted and recycled simultaneously. The unsorted filter cake has relatively low residual carbon, high ash content and low calorific value, and cannot be effectively utilized comprehensively, resulting in a waste of resources (or the equipment investment for subsequent reuse will increase and the process flow will also need to be lengthened).

[0012] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0013] The purpose of the present invention includes, for example, providing a method for both solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery, which is simple and feasible with low investment and operating costs, less maintenance and high performance, and effectively improves the problems of high moisture content, long sorting and utilization process and large investment in traditional coal gasification fine slag treatment.

[0014] The embodiments of the present invention can be implemented as follows:

[0015] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an integrated device for both solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery, comprising a vacuum tank body, a feeding mechanism, a heating mechanism, a vacuum mechanism, a back-blowing mechanism and a discharging mechanism;

[0016] The vacuum tank body comprises a vacuum tank, a driving motor and a spiral blade, wherein the driving motor is mounted on the top of the vacuum tank and connected to the spiral blade, and the spiral blade is arranged in the vacuum tank. The vacuum tank is provided with a feed port, a side discharge port, a lower discharge port, a vacuum port and a filtrate port, and the vacuum port and the filtrate port are both provided with a filter;

[0017] The feeding mechanism is connected with the feeding port of the vacuum tank for conveying water-containing materials into the vacuum tank, the heating mechanism is arranged on the outer wall or the inner wall of the vacuum tank for heating the vacuum tank, the vacuum mechanism is connected with the vacuum port of the vacuum tank for vacuuming the vacuum tank, the discharging mechanism is respectively connected with the side discharge port, the lower discharge port and the filtrate port for discharging the materials in the vacuum tank, and the back-blowing mechanism is respectively connected with the vacuum port and the filtrate port for back-blowing the filter to prevent clogging and make the materials in the vacuum tank in a suspended fluidized state.

[0018] In an optional embodiment, the spiral blade includes a blade that rotates counterclockwise from top to bottom, and the running direction of the spiral blade is clockwise;

[0019] Preferably, the upper part of the vacuum tank is cylindrical, the lower part is conical, the upper diameter of the spiral blades is the same, the lower diameter gradually decreases, and the edges of the spiral blades are close to the inner wall of the vacuum tank and are arranged at intervals;

[0020] Preferably, the pitch of the spiral blade is 20-200 mm;

[0021] Preferably, the rotation speed of the spiral controller is 10-200 rpm.

[0022] In an optional embodiment, the feeding mechanism includes a feeding hopper, a feeding pipeline and a feeding valve, one end of the feeding pipeline is connected to the feeding hopper, and the other end is connected to the vacuum tank, and the feeding valve is arranged on the feeding pipeline;

[0023] Preferably, there is at least one feeding mechanism and at least one vacuum tank body. One feeding mechanism is connected to a plurality of vacuum tank bodies, and one vacuum tank body is connected to a plurality of feeding mechanisms.

[0024] In an optional embodiment, the heating mechanism includes a heat source inlet, a heat source wall and a heat source outlet, the heat source wall is installed on the outer wall or the inner wall of the vacuum tank, and the two sides of the heat source wall are respectively connected to the heat source inlet and the heat source outlet;

[0025] Preferably, the heat source wall is a coil or an airtight chamber;

[0026] Preferably, a heat-insulating layer is provided on the outer wall of the heat source wall;

[0027] Preferably, the heat source in the heat source wall includes at least one of steam, hot water, thermal oil, electric heating plate, flue gas, factory exhaust steam and condensate.

[0028] In an optional embodiment, the vacuum mechanism includes a vacuum tube, a vacuum pump, a heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separation tank and a condensate tank, one end of the vacuum tube is connected to the vacuum port, and the other end is connected to the heat exchanger, the vacuum pump is arranged on the vacuum tube, the outlet end of the heat exchanger is connected to the gas-liquid separation tank, and the condensate port of the gas-liquid separation tank is connected to the condensate tank.

[0029] In an optional embodiment, the backflush mechanism includes a backflush pipeline, a first backflush branch line, a second backflush branch line and a backflush valve, the backflush pipeline is connected to the first backflush branch line and the second backflush branch line at the same time, the first backflush branch line is connected to the vacuum port, the second backflush branch line is connected to the filtrate port, and the backflush valve is arranged on the backflush pipeline;

[0030] Preferably, the flow rate of the backflush gas in the backflush pipeline is 5 m / s to 30 m / s.

[0031] In an optional embodiment, the discharging mechanism includes a side discharge pipeline, a lower discharge pipeline, a primary filtration pipeline and a filtrate storage tank, the side discharge pipeline is connected to the side discharge port, a side discharge valve is arranged on the side discharge pipeline, the lower discharge pipeline is connected to the lower discharge port, a lower discharge valve is arranged on the lower discharge pipeline, one end of the primary filtration pipeline is connected to the filtrate port, and the other end is connected to the filtrate storage tank, and a filtrate valve is arranged on the primary filtration pipeline.

[0032] In an optional embodiment, the number of the filtrate ports is 2-6, and each of the filtrate ports is provided with the filter;

[0033] Preferably, the filter is a metal filter, a non-metal filter or a fiber filter.

[0034] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for both solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery, which is carried out using an integrated device for both solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery as described in any of the above embodiments, and the method comprises:

[0035] (1) Preliminary filtration: The high-water-content material is introduced into the vacuum tank through the feeding mechanism, the side discharge port, the lower discharge port and the back-blowing mechanism are closed, the filtrate port is opened, and the driving motor is started. The spiral blade rotates and drives the high-water-content material in the vacuum tank to rotate and lift. During the feeding process, the external moisture in the high-water-content material is discharged from the filtrate port;

[0036] (2) Vacuum drying: After the feeding is completed, the feed port and the filtrate port are closed, the heating mechanism is turned on to heat the vacuum tank, and the vacuum mechanism is turned on to evacuate the vacuum tank, so that the water adsorbed by the high-water-content material and the internal water in the capillary tube are vaporized and released;

[0037] (3) Discharging: After vacuum drying and dehydration is completed, the vacuum mechanism is closed, and the side discharge port, the lower discharge port, the vacuum port, the filtrate port and the back-blowing mechanism are opened. The back-blowing mechanism back-blows toward the filter at the filtrate port to place the dried material in the vacuum tank in a suspended fluidized state. The spiral blades rotate continuously, so that the light component carbon residue and fine materials in the dried material are discharged from the side discharge port, and the heavy component and coarse materials are discharged from the lower discharge port.

[0038] In an optional embodiment, when the water content of the high-water-content material is less than or equal to 70%;

[0039] Preferably, when the water content of the high-water content material is greater than 70%, a solid-liquid separation device is provided before the integrated device for both solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery. The high-water content material is first processed by the solid-liquid separation device until the water content is below 70%, and then enters the integrated device for both solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery.

[0040] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention include, for example:

[0041] The integrated device for solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery provided by the present invention first uses spiral blades to disperse the material and discharge external water from the filtrate port, and then, based on the principle of pressure reduction and water boiling point reduction, the liquid-containing material is heated and heated while reducing the spatial pressure in the closed space where the material is processed to form a negative pressure, so that the water carried on the surface of the material and the internal water in the gaps of the material undergo phase change and vaporization, thereby achieving the purpose of efficient water removal. The dried and dehydrated material is in a suspended fluidized state under the dual effects of backblowing gas and spiral blades, realizing the separation and recycling of light and heavy components after drying. Among them, the light component residual carbon and fine materials in the dried material are discharged from the side discharge port, and the heavy components and coarse materials are discharged from the lower discharge port. The implementation of this technology can realize the recovery of light component residual carbon in the gasification filter cake, and increase the carbon content in the side-out material from 20-40% to 50-70%, greatly recovering the residual carbon resources in the filter cake, and realizing the purpose of "solid-liquid separation + residual carbon sorting" of the gasification filter cake on one set of equipment, shortening the process flow, and greatly reducing equipment investment, operating costs and labor intensity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0043] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an integrated device for solid-liquid separation and residual carbon separation and recovery provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a vacuum tank body in an integrated device for both solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery provided in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Icons: 100-integrated device with both solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery; 110-vacuum tank body; 111-vacuum tank; 112-driving motor; 113-spiral blade; 114-feeding port; 115-side discharge port; 116-lower discharge port; 117-vacuum outlet; 118-filtrate outlet; 119-filter; 120-feeding mechanism; 121-feeding hopper; 122-feeding pipeline; 123-feeding valve; 130-heating mechanism; 131-heat source inlet; 132-heat source wall; 133- Heat source outlet; 140-vacuum mechanism; 141-vacuum tube; 142-vacuum pump; 143-heat exchanger; 144-gas-liquid separation tank; 145-condensate tank; 150-backflush mechanism; 151-backflush pipeline; 152-first backflush branch line; 153-second backflush branch line; 154-backflush valve; 160-discharging mechanism; 161-side discharge pipeline; 162-lower discharge pipeline; 163-primary filtration pipeline; 164-filtrate storage tank; 165-side discharge valve; 166-lower discharge valve; 167-filtrate valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0047] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0049] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. appear to indicate an orientation or position relationship, they are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientation or position relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when used. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0050] In addition, the terms “first”, “second”, etc., if used, are merely used to distinguish between the descriptions and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0051] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other.

[0052] First embodiment

[0053] See also Figure 1 This embodiment provides an integrated device 100 for both solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery, including a vacuum tank body 110, a feeding mechanism 120, a heating mechanism 130, a vacuum mechanism 140, a back-blowing mechanism 150 and a discharging mechanism 160.

[0054] Next, the specific structures and connection methods of the vacuum tank body 110, the feeding mechanism 120, the heating mechanism 130, the vacuum mechanism 140, the back-blowing mechanism 150 and the discharging mechanism 160 are described respectively.

[0055] (1) Vacuum tank main body 110 .

[0056] See also Figure 2 The vacuum tank body 110 serves as the main operating container for solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery, and includes a vacuum tank 111, a driving motor 112 and a spiral blade 113. The driving motor 112 is installed on the top of the vacuum tank 111 and connected to the spiral blade 113. The spiral blade 113 is arranged in the vacuum tank 111.

[0057] In this embodiment, the spiral blade 113 includes a blade that rotates counterclockwise from top to bottom, and the running direction of the spiral blade 113 is clockwise; the upper part of the vacuum tank 111 is cylindrical, and the lower part is conical. The upper diameter of the spiral blade 113 is the same, and the lower diameter gradually decreases. The edge of the spiral blade 113 is close to the inner wall of the vacuum tank 111 and is arranged at intervals; the pitch of the spiral blade 113 is 20-200mm; the rotation speed of the spiral controller is 10-200rpm.

[0058] In this embodiment, the driving motor 112 is used to control the spiral blade 113 to rotate. During the rotation process, the spiral blade 113 can drive the material to rotate and lift it from bottom to top. After being lifted to the top of the spiral blade 113, it is scattered to the surroundings by gravity and falls to the bottom of the vacuum tank 111. It is then lifted by the spiral blade 113 and the cycle continues. Therefore, at this time, the spiral blade 113 serves as a device for rotating, lifting and throwing materials.

[0059] The vacuum tank 111 is provided with a feed port 114, a side discharge port 115, a lower discharge port 116, a vacuum port 117 and a filtrate port 118, and the vacuum port 117 and the filtrate port 118 are both provided with a filter 119. Among them, the feed port 114 is provided at the side top of the vacuum tank 111, the side discharge port 115 is provided at the upper side of the vacuum tank 111, the lower discharge port 116 is provided at the bottom of the vacuum tank 111, the vacuum port 117 is provided at the side top of the vacuum tank 111, and the filtrate port 118 is provided at the bottom side of the vacuum tank 111. By opening a plurality of ports on the vacuum tank 111, the material can be fed in and out.

[0060] (2) Feeding mechanism 120.

[0061] See also Figure 1 The feeding mechanism 120 is connected to the feeding port 114 of the vacuum tank 111 for conveying the water-containing material into the vacuum tank 111 .

[0062] The feeding mechanism 120 includes a feeding hopper 121, a feeding pipeline 122 and a feeding valve 123. One end of the feeding pipeline 122 is connected to the feeding hopper 121, and the other end is connected to the vacuum tank 111. The feeding valve 123 is arranged on the feeding pipeline 122; the feeding condition of the feeding hopper 121 can be controlled by the feeding valve 123.

[0063] In this embodiment, the feeding mechanism 120 and the vacuum tank body 110 are both one or more, and the connection method of the feeding mechanism 120 and the vacuum tank body 110 can be determined according to actual conditions. For example, in some embodiments, one feeding mechanism 120 can be connected to multiple vacuum tank bodies 110, so that one feeding mechanism 120 can simultaneously transport materials to multiple vacuum tank bodies 110. Preferably, one feeding structure can be connected to two vacuum tank bodies 110 at the same time. In some other embodiments, one vacuum tank body 110 is connected to multiple feeding mechanisms 120, so that multiple feeding mechanisms 120 can simultaneously transport materials into one vacuum tank body 110. Preferably, one vacuum tank body 110 can be connected to 1-2 feeding mechanisms 120 at the same time.

[0064] (3) Heating mechanism 130.

[0065] See also Figure 1The heating mechanism 130 is disposed on the outer wall or the inner wall of the vacuum tank 111 for heating the vacuum tank 111 .

[0066] The heating mechanism 130 may be in various forms, as long as it can heat the vacuum tank 111. In this embodiment, a typical but non-limiting example is listed, and the heating mechanism 130 includes a heat source inlet 131, a heat source wall 132, and a heat source outlet 133. The heat source wall 132 is installed on the outer wall or the inner wall of the vacuum tank 111, and the two sides of the heat source wall 132 are respectively connected to the heat source inlet 131 and the heat source outlet 133.

[0067] The heat source enters the heat source wall 132 through the heat source inlet 131, and the heat source wall 132 contacts the vacuum tank 111, thereby providing heat to the vacuum tank 111, and the heat source after heat exchange is discharged from the heat source outlet 133. In this embodiment, the heat source wall 132 can be, for example, a coil or an airtight chamber; a heat insulation layer (not shown) is provided on the outer wall of the heat source wall 132; to ensure maximum efficiency of the heat source.

[0068] The heat source in the heat source wall 132 includes at least one of steam, hot water, heat transfer oil, electric heating plate, flue gas, factory exhaust steam and condensate. The heat source temperature can be between 80-300°C, preferably, the heat source temperature can be selected between 100-200°C.

[0069] (4) Vacuum mechanism 140.

[0070] See also Figure 1 The vacuum mechanism 140 is connected to the vacuum port 117 of the vacuum tank 111 for vacuuming the vacuum tank 111 .

[0071] The vacuum mechanism 140 includes a vacuum tube 141, a vacuum pump 142, a heat exchanger 143, a gas-liquid separation tank 144 and a condensate tank 145. One end of the vacuum tube 141 is connected to the vacuum port 117, and the other end is connected to the heat exchanger 143. The vacuum pump 142 is arranged on the vacuum tube 141, the outlet end of the heat exchanger 143 is connected to the gas-liquid separation tank 144, and the condensate port of the gas-liquid separation tank 144 is connected to the condensate tank 145.

[0072] The vacuum pump 142 evacuates the gas in the vacuum tank 111 to ensure the vacuum degree in the vacuum tank 111. The extracted water vapor is first condensed by heat exchanger 143 and then enters the gas-liquid separation tank 144 for separation. The gas is discharged through the gas discharge pipe at the top of the gas-liquid separation tank 144, and the condensate enters the condensate tank 145 through the condensate discharge pipeline for collection.

[0073] (5) Backflush mechanism 150.

[0074] See also Figure 1The back-blowing mechanism 150 is respectively connected to the vacuum port 117 and the filtrate port 118 for back-blowing the filter 119 to prevent clogging and at the same time making the material in the vacuum tank 111 in a suspended fluidized state.

[0075] In this embodiment, the backblowing mechanism 150 includes a backblowing pipeline 151, a first backblowing branch line 152, a second backblowing branch line 153 and a backblowing valve 154. The backblowing pipeline 151 is connected to the first backblowing branch line 152 and the second backblowing branch line 153 at the same time. The first backblowing branch line 152 is connected to the vacuum port 117, the second backblowing branch line 153 is connected to the filtrate port 118, and the backblowing valve 154 is arranged on the backblowing pipeline 151; preferably, the flow rate of the backblowing gas in the backblowing pipeline 151 is 5m / s to 30m / s.

[0076] The back-blowing mechanism 150 is operated during the discharging process. At this time, the vacuum pump 142 is stopped and the back-blowing mechanism 150 is started. The back-blowing mechanism 150 can not only back-blow the filter 119 of the vacuum port 117 and the filter 119 of the filtrate port 118, but also effectively prevent the filter 119 from being blocked during long-term operation. At the same time, when the filter 119 of the filtrate port 118 is back-blown, the gas passing through the filter 119 can suspend and fluidize the dried material in the vacuum tank 111, prevent the bottom from being blocked, and promote the material in the vacuum tank 111 to be discharged to the lower part and the side. More importantly, the degree of suspension and fluidization of the material in the tank is controlled by adjusting the speed of the bottom back-blowing and the spiral controller, and then the separation of the light and heavy components of the dried material is achieved through the lower discharge port 116 and the side discharge port 115. The back-blowing medium includes but is not limited to factory air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, etc.

[0077] (6) Discharging mechanism 160

[0078] See also Figure 1 The discharge mechanism 160 is respectively connected to the side discharge port 115 , the lower discharge port 116 and the filtrate port 118 for discharging the material in the vacuum tank 111 .

[0079] The discharge mechanism 160 includes a side discharge pipeline 161, a lower discharge pipeline 162, a primary filtration pipeline 163 and a filtrate storage tank 164. The side discharge pipeline 161 is connected to the side discharge port 115, and a side discharge valve 165 is provided on the side discharge pipeline 161. The lower discharge pipeline 162 is connected to the lower discharge port 116, and a lower discharge valve 166 is provided on the lower discharge pipeline 162. One end of the primary filtration pipeline 163 is connected to the filtrate port 118, and the other end is connected to the filtrate storage tank 164. The primary filtration pipeline 163 is provided with a filtrate valve 167.

[0080] In this embodiment, by setting multiple discharge ports, the materials can be discharged separately to achieve sorting, wherein the side discharge port 115 is used to discharge the light component carbon residue and fine materials, and the lower discharge port 116 is used to discharge the heavy component and coarse materials. The light component and the heavy component are sorted by the suspended state of the dried material, so that the carbon content of the material discharged from the side discharge port 115 is increased from 20-40% to 50-70%, greatly recovering the carbon residue resources in the filter cake.

[0081] In this embodiment, there are 2 to 6 filtrate ports 118, and each filtrate port 118 is provided with a filter 119; preferably, the filter 119 is a metal filter, a non-metal filter or a fiber filter.

[0082] Second embodiment

[0083] The present invention provides a method for both solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery, which is performed using the integrated device 100 for both solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery provided in the first embodiment, and the method comprises:

[0084] (1) Preliminary filtration: The high-water-content material is introduced into the vacuum tank 111 through the feeding mechanism 120, the side discharge port 115, the lower discharge port 116 and the back-blowing mechanism 150 are closed, the filtrate port 118 is opened, and the drive motor 112 is started. The spiral blade 113 rotates and drives the high-water-content material in the vacuum tank 111 to rotate and lift. During the feeding process, the external moisture in the high-water-content material is discharged from the filtrate port 118.

[0085] Specifically, the high-water-content material enters the vacuum tank 111 from the feed hopper 121 through the feed pipeline 122 and the feed valve 123. During the feeding process, the side discharge valve 165 and the lower discharge valve 166 are closed, the filtrate valve 167 is opened, the backflush valve 154 on the backflush pipeline 151 is closed, the power supply of the drive motor 112 is started, and the spiral blade 113 starts to work, stirring and rotating the material entering the vacuum tank 111. After being lifted to the top of the spiral blade 113, it is thrown to the bottom of the vacuum tank 111 by gravity and then lifted by the spiral blade 113, and the cycle continues. During the feeding process, a large amount of external moisture in the material enters the filtrate tank through the filtrate pipeline from the filtrate valve 167 to be collected and reused, and the material is preliminarily filtered by the bottom filtration system of this step.

[0086] (2) Vacuum drying: After the feeding is completed, the feed port 114 and the filtrate port 118 are closed, the heating mechanism 130 is turned on to heat the vacuum tank 111, and the vacuum mechanism 140 is turned on to evacuate the vacuum tank 111. On the one hand, the pressure in the vacuum tank 111 is reduced. After the vacuum environment is formed, the moisture adsorbed by the material and the internal water in the capillary tube are vaporized and released, achieving the purpose of drying and dehydrating the material. The water vapor extracted during the vacuum process is condensed by the heat exchanger 143 and then enters the gas-liquid separation tank 144 for separation. The gas is discharged through the gas discharge pipe at the top of the gas-liquid separation tank 144, and the condensate enters the condensate tank 145 through the condensate discharge pipeline for collection. According to the degree of drying and dehydration required for the material, the vacuum system and the heating system are kept running, and the material in the vacuum tank 111 is continuously vacuum dried and dehydrated.

[0087] (3) Discharging: After vacuum drying and dehydration, the vacuum pump 142 and the vacuum valve of the vacuum mechanism 140 are closed, and the side discharge port 115, the lower discharge port 116, the vacuum port, the filtrate port 118 and the back-blowing mechanism 150 are opened. The back-blowing mechanism 150 back-blows the top filter 119 and the bottom filter 119 to prevent the filter 119 from being blocked during the continuous operation of the device. At the same time, the back-blowing mechanism 150 back-blows the filter 119 at the filtrate port 118 and puts the dried material in the vacuum tank 111 in a suspended fluidized state. The spiral blade 113 rotates continuously. By controlling the rotation speed of the spiral mechanism, the light component residual carbon and fine materials in the dried material are separated, wherein the light component residual carbon and fine materials in the dried material are discharged from the side discharge port 115, and the heavy component and coarse materials are discharged from the lower discharge port 116. The implementation of this technology can realize the recovery of light component residual carbon in the gasification filter cake, and increase the carbon content in the side-out material from 20-40% to 50-70%, greatly recovering the residual carbon resources in the filter cake, and realizing the purpose of "solid-liquid separation + residual carbon sorting" of the gasification filter cake on one set of equipment, shortening the process flow, and greatly reducing equipment investment, operating costs and labor intensity.

[0088] In this embodiment, the preliminary filtration step mainly realizes the preliminary solid-liquid separation of the material, while vacuum drying can realize deep solid-liquid separation. The technical principle of deep separation and dehydration is: the vacuum tank 111 is heated by the bottom heat source wall 132 to increase the temperature of the material in the vacuum tank 111, and the vacuum pump 142 is started to evacuate the vacuum tank 111 at the same time. Combined with the relationship between the boiling point of water and the vacuum degree, the boiling point of water is lowered under vacuum conditions, so that the moisture adsorbed by the material and the internal water in the capillary tube are vaporized and released, achieving the purpose of drying and dehydrating the material. In particular, when the temperature of the material in the vacuum tank 111 is raised to above 100°C, the vacuum drying and dehydration of the material is more efficient.

[0089] The integrated device 100 for solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery provided in this embodiment is an intermittent batch processing device. After the discharge is completed, the backflush valve 154, the side discharge valve 165 and the lower discharge valve 166 are closed, and the filtrate valve 167 and the feed valve 123 are opened to continue feeding the vacuum tank 111, and the system enters the feed filtration stage. The above process is repeated in a cycle to realize the functions of continuous vacuum drying and dehydration and material sorting and utilization of the present invention.

[0090] When the water content of the high-water content material is less than or equal to 70%; preferably, when the water content of the high-water content material is greater than 70%, a common solid-liquid separation device on the market is also arranged before the integrated device 100 for both solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery. The high-water content material is first processed by the solid-liquid separation device to a water content of less than 70%, and then enters the integrated device 100 for both solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery, thereby realizing the coupled use of traditional technology and new technology.

[0091] Aiming at the demand of removing water from liquid materials and sorting and utilizing them, the present invention designs an integrated device 100 that combines vacuum, heating, and suspension fluidization for both solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery, thereby avoiding the operation and single function defects of conventional belt filters, plate-and-frame filter presses, plate-and-frame vacuum dryers, etc. At the same time, the present invention also has the following advantages:

[0092] (1) Based on the principle that pressure reduction lowers the boiling point of water, the present invention heats the liquid-containing material while reducing the spatial pressure in the closed space where the material is processed to form a negative pressure, so that the water carried on the surface of the material and the internal water in the gaps of the material undergo phase change and vaporize, thereby achieving the purpose of efficient water removal.

[0093] (2) The present invention can carry out technical transformation at low cost on the problem of high moisture content of the discharged materials of conventional belt filters and plate and frame filters that are currently prevalent on the market. There is no need to dismantle or modify the original device. The material can be fed into the device of the present invention to achieve deep dehydration and drying of the material (the moisture content can be deeply removed by 20-30 percentage points).

[0094] (3) The present invention designs a vacuum drying and dehydration device that can also be used for material suspension and fluidization sorting. The present technical device is simple and has few components. It eliminates a large number of components such as high-pressure plate frames (heating plates, pressing plates), diaphragms, filter cloths, etc. in conventional dehydration and drying (the present technical device does not require filter plates and diaphragms). At the same time, it utilizes the suspension and fluidization effect of back-blowing air and spiral blades to achieve separation and recycling of light and heavy components after drying.

[0095] (4) The filter 119 used in the device of the present invention can be a metal or non-metal filter screen or filter disc, fiber filter or other types of filtering devices, and back-blowing is performed during each batch of material discharge, which can effectively prevent the filter 119 from being blocked. At present, conventional material dehydration devices, whether vacuum belt filters, plate and frame filter presses or vacuum plate and frame filter presses, have the problem of filter cloths, diaphragms, and filter plates being damaged and needing to be replaced, and the service life of spare parts is short, and operation and maintenance are complicated. Therefore, another advantage of the device of the present invention is that it eliminates the need for spare parts maintenance during operation, simplifies the configuration of conventional vacuum dehydration and drying devices while increasing the sorting function, and at the same time achieves a significant reduction in the operation and maintenance costs of the device.

[0096] (5) The present invention directly heats the material in the tank by means of coils or compartments on the inner or outer wall of the vacuum tank 111, which has high thermal efficiency and low heating energy consumption. It can save the hot water tank, hot water pump, squeezing pump and other facilities of conventional devices, greatly reducing the investment and operation costs of the device. At the same time, the project occupies a small area and has no other auxiliary facilities except the vacuum system. It is very suitable for the technical transformation of old plants or existing devices.

[0097] (6) The heat source used in the present invention can be selected in a variety of ways, including but not limited to steam, hot water, thermal oil, electric heating plate, flue gas, factory exhaust steam, condensate, etc. In general operating factories, there are abundant hot water, condensate or steam and flue gas at 70-100°C, which have no utilization and recycling value in many factories, so most of them are discharged on site. This patented technology can heat the waste solid with liquid with such heat source, effectively recycle the heat source, and improve energy utilization.

[0098] (7) The present invention realizes the up and down tumbling of the dried material in the tank through the spiral lifting and sprinkling device (spiral blades) in the vacuum tank 111. Under the vacuum environment in the tank, the drying heat transfer area on the surface of the material is increased, the material is heated evenly, and the drying efficiency and effect are significantly higher than the static dehydration effect in the plate and frame extrusion chamber.

[0099] (8) The present invention achieves full sealing during the dehydration process, ensures the vacuum degree and temperature of the hopper, and improves the vacuum and heating drying effects (the upper part of the conventional vacuum belt filter is open and the vacuum effect is poor).

[0100] (9) For certain materials with high moisture content (e.g., moisture content greater than 70%), the present invention can configure a low-cost solid-liquid separation device (currently very common in the market) in front of the device of the present invention to first treat the moisture content of the material to below 70%, and then enter the device of this technology for deep drying and dehydration, thereby realizing the coupling use of traditional technology and new technology.

[0101] (10) The present invention can adjust the moisture content of the material according to the user's needs by controlling the heat source amount, heat source temperature, vacuum time, etc., so as to achieve adjustable and controllable material drying.

[0102] (11) Compared with the traditional process, the technology of the present invention strengthens the deep dehydration and drying of materials. On the one hand, it recovers a large amount of water and saves water resources; on the other hand, it realizes the sorting and utilization of dried materials on the same equipment. For the gasification filter cake, the residual carbon in the filter cake is recovered to realize the resource utilization of the gasification filter cake. The sorted high-carbon filter cake can be sold, sent to the boiler as power coal, or used as a raw material for making coke, lignite, and activated carbon. This solves the current situation that gasification filter cake can only be sent to slag yards for landfill on a large scale, saving energy.

[0103] In summary, the integrated device 100 for solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery provided by the present invention first uses the spiral blades 113 to disperse the material and discharge the external water from the filtrate port 118, and then, based on the principle of pressure reduction and water boiling point reduction, the liquid-containing material is heated and heated while reducing the spatial pressure in the closed space where the material is processed to form a negative pressure, so that the water carried on the surface of the material and the internal water in the gaps of the material undergo phase change and vaporization, thereby achieving the purpose of efficient water removal. The dried and dehydrated material is in a suspended fluidized state under the dual effects of the backflush gas and the spiral blades 113, realizing the separation and recycling of light and heavy components after drying. Among them, the light component residual carbon and fine materials in the dried material are discharged from the side discharge port 115, and the heavy components and coarse materials are discharged from the lower discharge port 116. The implementation of this technology can realize the recovery of light component residual carbon in the gasification filter cake, and increase the carbon content in the side-out material from 20-40% to 50-70%, greatly recovering the residual carbon resources in the filter cake, and realizing the purpose of "solid-liquid separation + residual carbon sorting" of the gasification filter cake on one set of equipment, shortening the process flow, and greatly reducing equipment investment, operating costs and labor intensity.

[0104] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An integrated device for solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery, characterized in that: It includes a vacuum tank body, a feeding mechanism, a heating mechanism, a vacuum mechanism, a back-blowing mechanism and a discharging mechanism; The vacuum tank body comprises a vacuum tank, a driving motor and a spiral blade, wherein the driving motor is mounted on the top of the vacuum tank and connected to the spiral blade, and the spiral blade is arranged in the vacuum tank. The vacuum tank is provided with a feed port, a side discharge port, a lower discharge port, a vacuum port and a filtrate port, and the vacuum port and the filtrate port are both provided with a filter; The feeding mechanism is connected with the feeding port of the vacuum tank for conveying water-containing materials into the vacuum tank, the heating mechanism is arranged on the outer wall or the inner wall of the vacuum tank for heating the vacuum tank, the vacuum mechanism is connected with the vacuum port of the vacuum tank for vacuuming the vacuum tank, the discharging mechanism is respectively connected with the side discharge port, the lower discharge port and the filtrate port for discharging the materials in the vacuum tank, and the back-blowing mechanism is respectively connected with the vacuum port and the filtrate port for back-blowing the filter to prevent clogging and make the materials in the vacuum tank in a suspended fluidized state.

2. The integrated device for solid-liquid separation and residual carbon separation and recovery according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The spiral blade includes a blade that rotates counterclockwise from top to bottom, and the running direction of the spiral blade is clockwise; Preferably, the upper part of the vacuum tank is cylindrical, the lower part is conical, the upper diameter of the spiral blades is the same, the lower diameter gradually decreases, and the edges of the spiral blades are close to the inner wall of the vacuum tank and are arranged at intervals; Preferably, the pitch of the spiral blade is 20-200 mm; Preferably, the rotation speed of the spiral controller is 10-200 rpm.

3. The integrated device for solid-liquid separation and residual carbon separation and recovery according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The feeding mechanism comprises a feeding hopper, a feeding pipeline and a feeding valve, one end of the feeding pipeline is connected to the feeding hopper, and the other end is connected to the vacuum tank, and the feeding valve is arranged on the feeding pipeline; Preferably, there is at least one feeding mechanism and at least one vacuum tank body. One feeding mechanism is connected to a plurality of vacuum tank bodies, and one vacuum tank body is connected to a plurality of feeding mechanisms.

4. The integrated device for solid-liquid separation and residual carbon separation and recovery according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The heating mechanism comprises a heat source inlet, a heat source wall and a heat source outlet, wherein the heat source wall is installed on the outer wall or the inner wall of the vacuum tank, and the two sides of the heat source wall are respectively connected to the heat source inlet and the heat source outlet; Preferably, the heat source wall is a coil or an airtight chamber; Preferably, a heat-insulating layer is provided on the outer wall of the heat source wall; Preferably, the heat source in the heat source wall includes at least one of steam, hot water, thermal oil, electric heating plate, flue gas, factory exhaust steam and condensate.

5. The integrated device for solid-liquid separation and residual carbon separation and recovery according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The vacuum mechanism includes a vacuum tube, a vacuum pump, a heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separation tank and a condensate tank. One end of the vacuum tube is connected to the vacuum port, and the other end is connected to the heat exchanger. The vacuum pump is arranged on the vacuum tube, the outlet end of the heat exchanger is connected to the gas-liquid separation tank, and the condensate port of the gas-liquid separation tank is connected to the condensate tank.

6. The integrated device for solid-liquid separation and residual carbon separation and recovery according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The back-blowing mechanism comprises a back-blowing pipeline, a first back-blowing branch line, a second back-blowing branch line and a back-blowing valve, wherein the back-blowing pipeline is connected to the first back-blowing branch line and the second back-blowing branch line at the same time, the first back-blowing branch line is connected to the vacuum port, the second back-blowing branch line is connected to the filtrate port, and the back-blowing valve is arranged on the back-blowing pipeline; Preferably, the flow rate of the backflush gas in the backflush pipeline is 5 m / s to 30 m / s.

7. The integrated device for solid-liquid separation and residual carbon separation and recovery according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The discharging mechanism includes a side discharging pipeline, a lower discharging pipeline, a primary filtration pipeline and a filtrate storage tank, the side discharging pipeline is connected to the side discharging port, a side discharging valve is arranged on the side discharging pipeline, the lower discharging pipeline is connected to the lower discharging port, a lower discharging valve is arranged on the lower discharging pipeline, one end of the primary filtration pipeline is connected to the filtrate port, and the other end is connected to the filtrate storage tank, and a filtrate valve is arranged on the primary filtration pipeline.

8. The integrated device for solid-liquid separation and residual carbon separation and recovery according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: The number of the filtrate ports is 2-6, and each of the filtrate ports is provided with the filter; Preferably, the filter is a metal filter, a non-metal filter or a fiber filter.

9. A method for both solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery, characterized in that: The method is carried out using an integrated device for solid-liquid separation and residual carbon separation and recovery as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, and the method comprises: (1) Preliminary filtration: The high-water-content material is introduced into the vacuum tank through the feeding mechanism, the side discharge port, the lower discharge port and the back-blowing mechanism are closed, the filtrate port is opened, and the driving motor is started. The spiral blade rotates and drives the high-water-content material in the vacuum tank to rotate and lift. During the feeding process, the external moisture in the high-water-content material is discharged from the filtrate port; (2) Vacuum drying: After the feeding is completed, the feed port and the filtrate port are closed, the heating mechanism is turned on to heat the vacuum tank, and the vacuum mechanism is turned on to evacuate the vacuum tank, so that the water adsorbed by the high-water-content material and the internal water in the capillary tube are vaporized and released; (3) Discharging: After vacuum drying and dehydration is completed, the vacuum mechanism is closed, and the side discharge port, the lower discharge port, the vacuum port, the filtrate port and the back-blowing mechanism are opened. The back-blowing mechanism back-blows toward the filter at the filtrate port to place the dried material in the vacuum tank in a suspended fluidized state. The spiral blades rotate continuously, so that the light component carbon residue and fine materials in the dried material are discharged from the side discharge port, and the heavy component and coarse materials are discharged from the lower discharge port.

10. The method for combining solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery according to claim 9, characterized in that: When the water content of the high-water-content material is less than or equal to 70%; Preferably, when the water content of the high-water content material is greater than 70%, a solid-liquid separation device is provided before the integrated device for both solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery. The high-water content material is first processed by the solid-liquid separation device until the water content is below 70%, and then enters the integrated device for both solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery.

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