Friction stir additive manufacturing device and friction stir additive manufacturing method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of friction stir additive manufacturing, in particular to a friction stir additive manufacturing device and a friction stir additive manufacturing method.The friction stir additive manufacturing device comprises a stirring part, a driving part and a temperature control part, the stirring part is provided with a stirring face, the stirring part is hollow in the axial direction to form a feeding channel, and the discharging end of the feeding channel is arranged on the stirring face; the feeding channel is used for conveying materials to one side of the base material; the driving end of the driving part is connected with the stirring part, and the driving part is configured to drive the stirring part to rotate to a preset rotating speed and move to a position with a preset distance on the surface of a base material before the materials are conveyed for the first time; when the material is conveyed for the first time, the stirring piece is driven to move along a preset track relative to the base material; after the stirring piece or / and the base material reaches the preset temperature, the stirring piece is driven to conduct stirring friction material adding; the temperature control part is configured to control the stirring part or / and the base material to reach the preset temperature when the stirring part moves along the preset track. According to the method, high quality of the starting section additive body and high production efficiency can be both considered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of friction stir additive manufacturing technology, and in particular to a friction stir additive manufacturing device and a friction stir additive manufacturing method. Background Art

[0002] Additive manufacturing technology manufactures physical parts by gradually adding materials. With the development of the aerospace field, in order to meet the production needs of large and high-strength integral structural parts, stir friction additive manufacturing technology has been developed to achieve the manufacture of lightweight alloy structural parts such as aluminum and magnesium alloys.

[0003] Friction stir additive manufacturing technology is a solid-phase non-melting additive manufacturing method based on friction stir welding technology. It generates heat through the rotation and movement of the stirring head, causing the material to plastically deform and fuse together. In the process of additive manufacturing using friction stir additive manufacturing technology, defects such as pores and cracks generated by traditional additive manufacturing methods during the melting and solidification process can be avoided, ensuring that the additive body has good mechanical properties. The materials used in the production process of friction stir additive manufacturing technology are different, and the materials can be divided into plates, rods, wires, powders, etc. When using rods for friction stir additive manufacturing, the cost is low and the efficiency is high compared to using other materials, so rods have been widely used.

[0004] However, when using rods for friction stir additive manufacturing, it takes a certain amount of time for the rods to reach a plasticized state. Existing friction stir additive devices either sacrifice the quality of the starting section additive body in pursuit of efficiency, or sacrifice efficiency to ensure the quality of the starting section additive body, and it is difficult to take both into account. Summary of the invention

[0005] To this end, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the difficulty of existing friction stir devices in taking into account both the quality and production efficiency of the starting section additive body, and to provide a friction stir additive manufacturing device and a friction stir additive manufacturing method that can take into account both the high quality of the starting section additive body and high production efficiency.

[0006] In the first aspect, the present invention provides a stir friction additive manufacturing device, comprising a stirring member, wherein the stirring member is provided with a stirring surface, the stirring member is hollow along the axial direction to form a feeding channel, the discharge end of the feeding channel is arranged on the stirring surface, and the feeding channel is used to convey material to one side of a substrate; a driving member, the driving end of the driving member is connected to the stirring member, the driving member is configured to drive the stirring member to rotate to a preset speed and move to a preset distance from the surface of the substrate before conveying the material for the first time, drive the stirring member to move along a preset trajectory relative to the substrate when conveying the material for the first time, and drive the stirring member to stir friction additive manufacturing after the stirring member and / or the substrate reach a preset temperature; a temperature control member, the temperature control member is configured to control the stirring member and / or the substrate to reach the preset temperature when the stirring member moves along the preset trajectory.

[0007] In one embodiment of the present invention, the preset distance is set to be not less than 2 mm below the surface of the substrate and not more than 5 mm above the surface of the substrate.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present invention, at least one stirring groove is provided on the stirring surface. The stirring groove is arranged in a ring shape and surrounds the discharge end of the feeding channel. When a plurality of stirring grooves are provided, the plurality of stirring grooves are arranged concentrically.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, the size of the stirring tank satisfies the following relationship: D1-15mm≤D2≤D1-2mm, 2mm≤W≤3mm, 1mm≤D3≤2mm, wherein D1 is the diameter of the stirring surface, D2 is the diameter of the stirring tank, W is the width of the stirring tank, and D1 is the depth of the stirring tank.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, moving along the preset trajectory includes any one of moving along the direction of friction stir additive and moving linearly toward a side relatively away from the substrate, moving along the direction of friction stir additive and moving in a cylindrical spiral line toward a side relatively away from the substrate, moving linearly toward a side relatively away from the substrate, and moving in a cylindrical spiral line toward a side relatively away from the substrate.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, when the cylindrical spiral line moves toward a side relatively far from the substrate, the diameter D4 of the cylindrical surface of the cylindrical spiral line is not greater than the diameter D1 of the stirring surface.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the temperature control component includes a temperature measuring component, and the temperature measuring component is used to detect the temperature of the stirring component and / or the substrate.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the temperature measuring component is configured as a contact temperature measuring component, the contact temperature measuring component is connected to the stirring element, and a distance D5 between the contact temperature measuring component and the stirring surface satisfies the relationship 0.5mm≤D5≤5mm.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the temperature control component includes a heating component and a cooling component, the heating component is used to heat the stirring component and / or the substrate, and the cooling component is used to cool the stirring component and / or the substrate.

[0015] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a friction stir additive manufacturing method, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1, driving the stirring member to rotate to a preset speed through a driving member and moving the stirring member to a preset distance on the surface of the substrate;

[0017] S2, conveying material to one side of the substrate through the feeding channel of the stirring member;

[0018] The driving member drives the stirring member to move along a preset trajectory relative to the substrate;

[0019] Controlling the stirring element and / or the substrate to a preset temperature by a temperature control element;

[0020] S3, after the stirring member and / or the substrate reach a preset temperature, the driving member drives the stirring member to perform friction stirring and material addition.

[0021] The above technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0022] The friction stir additive manufacturing device described in the present invention, by setting a driving part and a temperature control part to assist the stirring part, uses the time when the stirring part moves into place to heat before starting the additive process, so that when the stirring part moves into place and starts the friction stir additive process, the rod material has reached a plasticized state suitable for additive process, and has strong adaptability. On the one hand, it effectively saves the time wasted on heating after starting the friction stir additive process, and improves production efficiency; on the other hand, it makes the materials in the plasticized state when the stirring part is processed, and the plasticized position is fixed, which greatly reduces the possibility of poor bonding of the additive body in the starting section, and ensures the high additive quality of the starting section. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to make the content of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below according to specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a friction stir additive manufacturing device in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a stirring member performing friction stir material addition in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the friction stir additive manufacturing device in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a stirring member in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stirring surface in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 One of the schematic diagrams of the preferred embodiment of the present invention when the stirring member moves along a preset trajectory relative to the substrate;

[0030] Figure 7 This is the second schematic diagram of the preferred embodiment of the present invention when the stirring element moves along a preset trajectory relative to the substrate.

[0031] Explanation of the reference numerals in the specification: 10, stirring element; 11, stirring surface; 111, stirring tank; 12, feeding channel; 121, discharge end; 13, hydraulic cylinder; 131, piston rod; 21, driving spindle; 31, temperature measuring component; 32, temperature control component; 40, workbench; 50, substrate; 51, additive body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and implement it, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0033] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention discloses a friction stir additive manufacturing device, including a stirring member 10, a driving member and a temperature control member.

[0034] The stirring element 10 is used to stir friction additively the material and the substrate 50. The stirring element 10 is provided with a stirring surface 11. During the stirring friction additive process, the stirring surface 11 contacts the substrate 50 to stir friction, so that the material and the substrate 50 are rubbed, squeezed, and plasticized to form an additive body 51.

[0035] Preferably, the stirring member 10 is configured as a shaft-like structure. The stirring member 10 is hollow along the axial direction to form a feeding channel 12, and the discharge end 121 of the feeding channel 12 is arranged on the stirring surface 11, and the feeding channel 12 is used to convey the material to one side of the substrate 50. Preferably, the material is a rod made of 6 series aluminum alloy, with a diameter of 5 to 30 mm and a length of 200 to 1000 mm; the diameter of the stirring surface 11 is 2 to 50 mm larger than the diameter of the rod. Those skilled in the art can set the method of conveying the material according to actual needs; illustratively, by setting a hydraulic cylinder 13, a force is applied to the rod in the feeding channel 12 through the piston rod 131 of the hydraulic cylinder 13. Preferably, when adding material, the substrate 50 is arranged on the workbench 40, and the stir friction additive manufacturing device is arranged on the side of the substrate 50 away from the workbench 40.

[0036] The driving end of the driving member is connected to the stirring member 10, and the driving member is used to drive the stirring member 10 to move, and the movement includes three-axis movement, rotation, etc. Preferably, the driving member includes a driving spindle 21, and the driving spindle 21 is detachably connected to the stirring member 10 for replacement and maintenance; the driving spindle 21 is connected to the driving end of the servo motor, and when the servo motor is working, it drives the driving spindle 21 and the stirring member 10 to rotate together; the driving spindle 21 is also connected to the mechanical arm, and the mechanical arm drives the driving spindle 21 and the stirring member 10 to move together.

[0037] Among them, before the first conveying of the rod, the driving member drives the stirring member 10 to rotate to a preset speed, and drives the stirring member 10 to move to a preset distance relative to the surface of the substrate 50. Those skilled in the art can set the preset speed according to actual needs; preferably, it is set to 100 to 3000r / min, and the torque is not less than 200N·mm. The preset distance affects the heat generation state and heat storage time when the stirring member 10 starts to add material. Those skilled in the art can set the preset distance according to actual needs. Preferably, after reaching the preset speed, the driving member drives the stirring member 10 to move at a speed of 20 to 30mm / min.

[0038] When the material is conveyed for the first time, the driving member drives the stirring member 10 to move relative to the substrate 50 along a preset trajectory, so that the stirring surface 11 of the stirring member 10 moves to the position of the corresponding additive body 51. Those skilled in the art can set the preset trajectory according to actual needs to cooperate with the temperature control member to control the plasticization range of the rod. Preferably, while delivering the rod with a length of 4 to 9 mm, the driving member drives the stirring member 10 to move relative to the substrate 50 along the preset trajectory.

[0039] The temperature control member is configured to control the stirring member 10 or / and the substrate 50 to reach a preset temperature when the stirring member 10 moves along a preset trajectory. Exemplarily, when the material is conveyed for the first time, the temperature control member measures the temperature of the corresponding component and regulates the temperature, and heats or cools the corresponding component to reach the preset temperature. Exemplarily, at 1 to 2 mm away from the stirring surface 11 on the side of the substrate 50, the preset temperature of the stirring member 10 is 380 to 450°C, and the preset temperature of the substrate 50 is 300 to 400°C. When one of the two is satisfied, friction stir additive can be performed. By setting this structure, the period of time used for the movement of the stirring member 10 before the friction stir additive is fully utilized to heat the corresponding components. When the stirring member 10 moves into place and starts the friction stir additive, the rod has reached a plasticized state suitable for additive. Therefore, when the friction stir additive is started, the plasticized position is fixed, and the possibility of poor bonding of the additive body 51 is greatly reduced, which not only saves time and improves production efficiency, but also ensures the high additive quality of the starting section. It should be noted that the temperature control component is not limited to controlling the temperature only when the material is conveyed for the first time, and the temperature control component can also be used as needed in the subsequent additive process.

[0040] After the stirring member 10 and / or the substrate 50 reach a preset temperature, the driving member drives the stirring member 10 to stir friction and add material. Preferably, when adding material, the driving member drives the stirring member 10 to move along the adding direction at 10 to 1000 mm / min; the thickness of the single-layer additive body 51 is 0.1 to 5 mm.

[0041] The friction stir additive manufacturing device of the present invention is provided with a driving part and a temperature control part to assist the stirring part 10. Before starting the additive manufacturing, the stirring part 10 is heated during the time when it is moved into position, so that when the stirring part 10 is moved into position and the friction stir additive manufacturing starts, the rod material has reached a plasticized state suitable for additive manufacturing, and has strong adaptability. On the one hand, it effectively saves the time wasted on heating after starting the friction stir additive manufacturing, and improves production efficiency; on the other hand, the material is in a plasticized state when the stirring part 10 is processed, and the plasticized position is fixed, which greatly reduces the possibility of poor bonding of the additive body 51 in the starting section, and ensures the high additive quality of the starting section.

[0042] Reference Figure 3 As shown, in the friction stir additive manufacturing device of the present invention, in some embodiments, the preset distance H is set to be not less than 2 mm from the surface of the substrate 50 to not more than 5 mm from the surface of the substrate 50. The preset distance affects the heat generation state and heat storage time when the stirring member 10 starts to add material.

[0043] With the stirring surface 11 and the surface of the substrate 50 as reference, when the preset distance H is too low, so that the stirring surface 11 is 2mm below the surface of the substrate 50, the torque required for the stirring member 10 to add material is too large. When the preset distance H is too high, so that the stirring surface 11 is 5mm above the surface of the substrate 50, after the rod is plasticized, the forging effect of the stirring member 10 on the rod is not obvious, which is easy to affect the bonding effect, resulting in problems such as loose bonding and material flying. When it is in the range of not less than 2mm below the surface of the substrate 50 to flush with the surface of the substrate 50, the stirring member 10 can generate heat quickly by friction with the substrate 50 during the initial addition process, which is particularly suitable for materials with a higher plasticization temperature. When it is flush with the surface of the substrate 50 to not higher than 5mm above the surface of the substrate 50, the heat generation is low, which is particularly suitable for materials with a lower plasticization temperature. Those skilled in the art can set the preset distance H as needed, such as -2mm, -1mm, flush, 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, etc.

[0044] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in the friction stir additive manufacturing device described in the present invention, in some embodiments, at least one stirring groove 111 is provided on the stirring surface 11, and the stirring groove 111 is arranged in an annular shape and arranged around the discharge end 121 of the feeding channel 12. When multiple stirring grooves 111 are provided, the multiple stirring grooves 111 are arranged concentrically. By providing the stirring groove 111, the flow rate of the material can be increased during the rotation of the stirring member 10, and the heat generation of the stirring member 10 per unit time can be effectively increased, so as to achieve rapid heat generation at the starting position and make the material reach the plasticized state faster, so as to ensure the high quality of the starting section while saving the time required for plasticization and improving production efficiency. At the same time, it can also improve the downward fluidity of the plastic mass, improve the interlayer bonding strength, and make the additive body 51 more tightly bonded, so as to further ensure the high quality of the additive in the starting section. Of course, it is not limited to only providing the stirring groove 111. In some other embodiments, concave structures can also be provided to achieve similar effects.

[0045] Further, see Figure 3 and Figure 5As shown, in the friction stir additive manufacturing device described in the present invention, in some embodiments, the size of the stirring tank 111 satisfies the following relationship: D1-15mm≤D2≤D1-2mm, 2mm≤W≤3mm, and 1mm≤D3≤2mm. Wherein, D1 is the diameter of the stirring surface 11, D2 is the diameter of the stirring tank 111, W is the groove width of the stirring tank 111, and D3 is the groove depth of the stirring tank 111. Preferably, the bottom of the stirring tank 111 is a rounded transition. By limiting the size of the stirring tank 111, the high quality and high efficiency of the starting section additive can be further ensured. When the diameter of the stirring tank 111 is smaller than the diameter of the stirring surface 11 by more than 15mm, it is difficult for the stirring tank 111 to cover the edge of the stirring surface 11 for the material flow effect; when the diameter of the stirring tank 111 is smaller than the diameter of the stirring surface 11 by less than 2mm, the stirring tank 111 is too close to the edge of the stirring surface 11, affecting the control effect of the stirring member 10 on the material. Those skilled in the art can set the diameter D2 of the stirring tank 111 as needed, for example, D1-15mm, D1-14mm, D1-13mm, D1-12mm, D1-11mm, D1-10mm, D1-9mm, D1-8mm, D1-7mm, D1-6mm, D1-5mm, D1-4mm, D1-3mm, D1-2mm, etc.

[0046] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the friction stir additive manufacturing device described in the present invention, in some embodiments, moving along a preset trajectory includes: moving along the friction stir additive direction and moving in a straight line toward the side relatively far away from the substrate 50, moving along the friction stir additive direction and moving in a cylindrical spiral line toward the side relatively far away from the substrate 50, moving in a straight line toward the side relatively far away from the substrate 50, and moving in a cylindrical spiral line toward the side relatively far away from the substrate 50. Figure 7 By setting different preset trajectories, the temperature control time can be adjusted according to the material of the rod, so that the heat generation area of ​​the initial stage of the stir friction additive can be controlled.

[0047] Taking the linear movement toward the side relatively far from the substrate 50 as an example, the heat generation area is the position where the stirring surface 11, the rod and the substrate 50 are in contact. At this time, the discharge form of the rod is direct push-out, and the heat generation is low, which is suitable for materials with low plasticizing temperatures. Taking the cylindrical helical movement toward the side relatively far from the substrate 50 as an example, on the basis of linear movement, it also includes the friction of moving along the spiral movement direction of the cylindrical helical line, which generates higher heat and the material flow state is closer to formal additive, especially suitable for materials with high plasticizing temperatures.

[0048] Further, see Figure 7As shown, in the friction stir additive manufacturing device of the present invention, in some embodiments, when the cylindrical spiral moves toward the side relatively far from the substrate 50, the cylindrical surface diameter D4 of the cylindrical spiral is not greater than the diameter D1 of the stirring surface 11. When the cylindrical surface diameter D4 of the cylindrical spiral is greater than the diameter D1 of the stirring surface 11, it will cause a material shortage problem at the starting position of the additive, thereby affecting the additive quality. Therefore, by limiting the diameter of the cylindrical spiral, the quality of the additive at the starting stage can be effectively guaranteed.

[0049] Reference Figure 1 As shown, in the friction stir additive manufacturing device described in the present invention, in some embodiments, the temperature control component includes a temperature measuring component 31, and the temperature measuring component 31 is used to detect the temperature of the stirring member 10 and / or the substrate 50. Preferably, the temperature measuring component 31 is provided for the stirring member 10 and the substrate 50 at the same time to achieve the best effect. By providing the temperature measuring component 31, the temperature of the corresponding component can be detected in real time, thereby facilitating the temperature regulation according to the detection results, so as to meet the additive demand, ensure high additive quality in the starting section, and reduce the difficulty of operating the device. Those skilled in the art can set the temperature measuring component 31 according to actual needs, such as a non-contact temperature measuring component or a contact temperature measuring component.

[0050] Further, see Figure 3 As shown, in the friction stir additive manufacturing device described in the present invention, in some embodiments, the temperature measuring component 31 is set as a contact temperature measuring component. Preferably, it is set as a thermocouple. The contact temperature measuring component will not be affected by the ambient temperature and the surface state on which it is located, and the measurement accuracy is higher. Taking the stirring member 10 as an example, the contact temperature measuring component is connected to the stirring member 10, and the distance D5 between the contact temperature measuring component and the stirring surface 11 satisfies the relationship, 0.5mm≤D5≤5mm. By limiting the distance D5, the strength and service life of the stirring member 10 can be guaranteed, and the detection feedback is timely and the detection results are accurate. When the distance D5 is too small, less than 0.5mm, it is easy to affect the strength of the stirring member 10, reduce its service life and cause the stirring member 10 to be damaged; when the distance D5 is too large, greater than 5mm, the temperature needs to be conducted through the stirring member 10 and then transmitted to the contact temperature measuring component, the feedback is not timely, and the measurement results are inaccurate. Those skilled in the art can set the distance D5 according to actual needs, such as 0.5mm, 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, 3.5mm, 4mm, 4.5mm, 5mm, etc. Taking the substrate 50 as an example, the contact temperature measuring component is connected to the workbench 40, and the distance between the contact temperature measuring component and the surface of the substrate 50 contacting the workbench 40 is set to 0.5mm to 5mm, and the reasons are not repeated here.

[0051] Reference Figure 3As shown, in the friction stir additive manufacturing device of the present invention, in some embodiments, the temperature control component includes a temperature control component 32. The temperature control component 32 includes a heating component and a cooling component, the heating component is used to heat the stirring member 10 and / or the substrate 50, and the cooling component is used to cool the stirring member 10 and / or the substrate 50. Those skilled in the art can set the heating component and the cooling component according to actual needs, for example, setting the heating component to inductive heating, resistive heating, etc.; setting the cooling component to air cooling, liquid cooling, etc. Preferably, liquid cooling and resistive heating are selected, which have fast response and are environmentally friendly.

[0052] The invention discloses a friction stir additive manufacturing method, comprising the following steps:

[0053] S1, driving the stirring member 10 to rotate to a preset speed and move to a preset distance on the surface of the substrate 50 through a driving member;

[0054] S2, feeding material to one side of the substrate 50 through the feeding channel 12 of the stirring member 10; driving the stirring member 10 to move along a preset trajectory relative to the substrate 50 through the driving member; controlling the stirring member 10 and / or the substrate 50 to reach a preset temperature through the temperature control member;

[0055] S3. After the stirring member 10 and / or the substrate 50 reach a preset temperature, the driving member drives the stirring member 10 to perform friction stirring and material addition.

[0056] Working principle:

[0057] First, the driving member drives the stirring member 10 to rotate so that its rotation speed reaches 800 to 1200 r / min. After reaching the corresponding rotation speed, the driving member drives the stirring member 10 to move to a position 1.5 to 3 mm above the surface of the substrate 50 at a speed of 20 to 30 mm / min.

[0058] Secondly, driven by the piston rod 131 of the hydraulic cylinder 13, the rod in the feeding channel 12 is fed out by 4 to 9 mm, so that the rod contacts the substrate 50. In the process of conveying the rod, the driving member drives the stirring member 10 to move along the cylindrical spiral line toward the side relatively far from the substrate 50 until it is 1 to 2.5 mm above the surface of the additive body 51 formed after the first addition. At the same time, the temperature measuring component 31, the heating component and the cooling component cooperate with each other to make the stirring member 10 reach 380 to 450°C or the substrate 50 reach 300 to 400°C.

[0059] Finally, when one of the two reaches the corresponding temperature, the driving member drives the stirring member 10 to move along the additive direction at a speed of 200 to 400 mm / min to perform friction stirring additive to take into account both high production efficiency and high additive quality in the starting stage.

[0060] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived from these are still within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A friction stir additive manufacturing device, characterized in that: include: A stirring member, wherein the stirring member is provided with a stirring surface, the stirring member is hollow along the axial direction to form a feeding channel, the discharge end of the feeding channel is arranged on the stirring surface, and the feeding channel is used to transport materials to one side of the substrate; A driving member, wherein the driving end of the driving member is connected to the stirring member, and the driving member is configured to drive the stirring member to rotate to a preset speed and move to a preset distance on the surface of the substrate before conveying the material for the first time, to drive the stirring member to move along a preset trajectory relative to the substrate when conveying the material for the first time, and to drive the stirring member to stir friction additive after the stirring member and / or the substrate reach a preset temperature; A temperature control element is configured to control the stirring element and / or the substrate to reach the preset temperature when the stirring element moves along the preset trajectory.

2. The friction stir additive manufacturing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preset distance is set to be not less than 2 mm below the surface of the substrate and not more than 5 mm above the surface of the substrate.

3. The friction stir additive manufacturing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one stirring groove is arranged on the stirring surface. The stirring groove is arranged in a ring shape and surrounds the discharge end of the feeding channel. When a plurality of stirring grooves are provided, the plurality of stirring grooves are arranged concentrically.

4. The friction stir additive manufacturing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The dimensions of the stirring tank satisfy the following relationship: D1-15mm≤D2≤D1-2mm, 2mm≤W≤3mm, 1mm≤D3≤2mm, wherein D1 is the diameter of the stirring surface, D2 is the diameter of the stirring tank, W is the width of the stirring tank, and D3 is the depth of the stirring tank.

5. The friction stir additive manufacturing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Moving along the preset trajectory includes any one of moving along the direction of friction stir additive and moving in a straight line toward a side relatively far away from the substrate, moving along the direction of friction stir additive and moving in a cylindrical spiral line toward a side relatively far away from the substrate, moving in a straight line toward a side relatively far away from the substrate, and moving in a cylindrical spiral line toward a side relatively far away from the substrate.

6. The friction stir additive manufacturing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the cylindrical spiral moves toward a side relatively far from the substrate, a diameter D4 of a cylindrical surface of the cylindrical spiral is not greater than a diameter D1 of the stirring surface.

7. The friction stir additive manufacturing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature control component includes a temperature measuring component, and the temperature measuring component is used to detect the temperature of the stirring component and / or the substrate.

8. The friction stir additive manufacturing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The temperature measuring component is configured as a contact temperature measuring component, the contact temperature measuring component is connected to the stirring element, and a distance D5 between the contact temperature measuring component and the stirring surface satisfies the relationship 0.5 mm ≤ D5 ≤ 5 mm.

9. The friction stir additive manufacturing device according to claim 1, 7 or 8, characterized in that: The temperature control component includes a heating component and a cooling component. The heating component is used to heat the stirring component and / or the substrate, and the cooling component is used to cool the stirring component and / or the substrate.

10. A friction stir additive manufacturing method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, driving the stirring member to rotate to a preset speed through the driving member, and moving the stirring member to a preset distance from the surface of the substrate; S2, conveying material to one side of the substrate through the feeding channel of the stirring member; The driving member drives the stirring member to move along a preset trajectory relative to the substrate; Controlling the stirring element and / or the substrate to a preset temperature by a temperature control element; S3, after the stirring member and / or the substrate reach a preset temperature, the driving member drives the stirring member to perform friction stirring and material addition.

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