Underwater lingering anchor and anchor body

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of anchoring of underwater vehicles, ships or other wading vehicles, in particular to an underwater lingering anchor and an anchor body. The underwater lingering anchor comprises an anchor body and counterweight filler for adjusting weight in the anchor body, the anchor body comprises an anchor rod main body, the anchor rod main body is provided with a drilling tip, a sliding channel with an opening in the upper end is formed in the anchor rod main body, a sliding seat is installed in the sliding channel and connected with a traction piece, an anchoring arm is installed in the sliding channel, and the anchoring arm is connected with the traction piece. The lower ends of the anchoring arms are hinged to the sliding base, elastic pieces are connected between the anchoring arms and the upper end of the anchor rod body, an anti-disengaging structure is arranged at an opening of the sliding channel, when the traction piece is pulled, the sliding base and the anchoring arms slide outwards from the bottom of the sliding channel, the elastic pieces are stretched to store energy till the sliding base moves to the upward limit position, and the anchoring arms are pulled to move upwards. The anchoring arms are completely located outside the sliding channel, the anchoring arms bounce off outwards in the radial direction under the elastic potential energy effect of the elastic piece, and the anchoring arms are provided with limiting structures for limiting the opening angles of the anchoring arms.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of anchoring underwater vehicles, ships or other wading navigation bodies, and in particular to an underwater resident anchor and an anchor body. Background Art

[0002] When underwater vehicles carry out long-term fixed-point, precise monitoring or detection tasks in a certain water area, they often need to anchor and stay on the seabed to conduct detection and operations near the stationing position. Commonly used stationary anchors are divided into two categories: gripping anchors and suction anchors. Suction anchors are usually large in size and are not suitable for underwater vehicles. Grabbing anchors require that the cable tension on the anchor rod is always in the horizontal direction, otherwise there is a risk of anchor dragging.

[0003] The Chinese utility model patent with the authorization announcement number CN216185836U discloses a gravity-penetrated deepwater anchor. The utility model patent relates to a gravity-penetrated deepwater anchor, including an anchor body and an anchoring piece installed on the anchor body, the anchoring piece includes a tray, a support plate, and a strut, a cavity is provided inside the anchor body, and a guide groove connecting the cavity with the outside is provided on the side wall of the anchor body at the lower end of the cavity, the tray includes an annular portion mounted on the anchor body and a load-bearing rod extending radially inward through the guide groove from the inner wall of the annular portion, the load-bearing rod intersects at the central axis of the anchor body in the cavity, and a connecting hole is provided at the intersection, an anchor cable channel is provided on the upper end face of the anchor body for the anchor cable to pass through, the anchor cable passes through the anchor cable channel and is fixedly connected to the connecting hole, and pulling the anchor cable can make the tray move within the guiding range of the guide groove , grooves for placing struts are arranged at radial intervals on the side wall of the anchor body, the axial heights of the grooves are the same and higher than the guide grooves, the support plates and the struts arranged in the grooves are arranged one by one, the lower end of the support plate is hinged to the tray, and the upper and lower ends of the struts are hinged to the anchor body and the support plate respectively; in the initial state, the struts are accommodated in the grooves of the anchor body, and the support plate is surrounded by the outer periphery of the anchor body. When the deep-water anchor penetrates the bottom of the water, the anchor cable is pulled by the anchor cable retracting device, the anchor cable drives the tray to move upward, and the tray drives the support plate to move upward, so that the support plate is opened outward, the anchoring area is increased, and the anchoring capacity is enhanced. The struts limit the axial and radial positions of the support plate to ensure the anchoring of the deep-water anchor. Since the support plate of the gravity penetration deep-water anchor of the utility model patent is anchored in the underwater soil or mud and then gradually opened by pulling the anchor cable, the support plate will continue to receive resistance from the underwater mud during the opening process. In other words, it is necessary to overcome the resistance of the underwater mud to the support plate when pulling the anchor cable, which requires a considerable pulling force to pull the support plate to the expanded state, which is not only inconvenient to pull, but also requires high output power of the anchor cable retracting device and high strength of the anchor cable. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide an underwater resident anchor body to solve the problem that in the prior art, the support plate of the gravity penetration deep-water anchor is anchored in the underwater soil layer or mud and then the anchor cable is pulled to gradually expand, and the support plate will continue to receive resistance from the underwater mud during the expansion process. That is to say, when pulling the anchor cable, it is necessary to overcome the resistance of the underwater mud to the support plate, which requires a considerable pulling force to pull the support plate to the expanded state, which is not only inconvenient to pull, but also has high requirements on the output power of the anchor cable retracting device and the strength of the anchor cable. The present invention also aims to provide an underwater resident anchor to solve the problem that in the prior art, the support plate of the gravity penetration deep-water anchor is anchored in the underwater soil or mud and then the anchor cable is pulled to gradually expand. During the expansion process of the support plate, the support plate will continue to receive resistance from the underwater mud. In other words, when pulling the anchor cable, it is necessary to overcome the resistance of the underwater mud to the support plate, which requires a considerable pulling force to pull the support plate to the expanded state. Not only is pulling inconvenient, but also the output power of the anchor cable retracting device and the strength of the anchor cable are required to be high.

[0005] The present invention provides an underwater resident anchor body, the underwater resident anchor body comprises an anchor rod body, the lower end of the anchor rod body is provided with a drilling tip, the anchor rod body is provided with an axially extending sliding channel with an upper end opening, a sliding seat is installed in the sliding channel for guiding sliding, a pulling member is connected to the sliding seat, an anchoring arm is installed in the sliding channel, there are a plurality of anchoring arms and the anchoring arms are evenly arranged around the axis of the anchor rod body, the lower end of the anchoring arm is hinged to the sliding seat around an axis perpendicular to the anchor rod body, the upper end of the anchoring arm is hinged to the upper end of the anchor rod body An elastic member is connected in between, and an anti-slip structure is provided at the opening of the sliding channel to stop the sliding seat and prevent it from slipping out of the opening. When the pulling member is pulled, the sliding seat slides outward from the bottom of the sliding channel, and the anchor arm extends out of the sliding channel and the elastic member is stretched to store energy until the sliding seat moves to the upward limit position, and the anchor arm is completely outside the sliding channel. The anchor arm radially bounces outward and is driven into the formation under the action of the elastic potential energy of the elastic member. The anchor arm is provided with a limiting structure to limit its maximum outward opening angle.

[0006] Furthermore, the sliding channel is an annular channel, the sliding seat includes an anchor arm connecting ring, and each anchor arm is hinged to the anchor arm connecting ring.

[0007] Furthermore, the anchor rod body includes a cylindrical section, the drilling tip is a conical section coaxial with the cylindrical section and fixedly connected to the lower end of the cylindrical section, the large diameter end face of the conical section is larger than the end face of the cylindrical section, the anchor rod body also includes an outer cylinder, the end face of the outer cylinder is the same size as the end face of the large diameter end of the conical section and is coaxially fixedly connected to the conical section, and the annular space between the cylindrical section and the outer cylinder constitutes the annular channel.

[0008] Furthermore, the sliding seat includes a guide cylinder section, the guide cylinder section is sleeved on the cylindrical section, and the anchor arm connecting ring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the guide cylinder section.

[0009] Furthermore, the upper end surface of the guide cylinder section is provided with a plurality of lifting ears which are circumferentially arranged around the axis of the anchor rod body, and the pulling member is a pulling rope, which includes a vertical main rope, and the lower end of the main rope is connected to a plurality of branch ropes which extend outward at a certain angle along the circumferential direction of the axis of the anchor rod body, and the other ends of all the branch ropes are connected to the same annular rope, and the annular rope is passed through all the lifting ears.

[0010] Furthermore, a through hole is provided inside the main rope for the rope body to pass through, a load-bearing rope is passed through the through hole, one end of the load-bearing rope is fixedly connected to the anchor column, and the pulling rope can be guided and moved along the axial direction of the load-bearing rope.

[0011] Furthermore, the anti-slip structure is a limit stop ring provided at the top of the outer tube and extending radially inwardly along the anchor rod body, and the limit stop ring is used to connect with the anchor arm ring to stop and position.

[0012] Furthermore, when the sliding seat is at the bottom of the annular channel, the upper end of the anchoring arm extends out of the sliding channel.

[0013] Furthermore, a sealing ring is provided at the opening of the annular channel. The sealing ring is made of fragile material or is easy to fall off. The sealing ring is provided with an avoidance groove for allowing the anchoring arm to extend.

[0014] Furthermore, the limiting structure is a fan-shaped skin connected between each two adjacent anchoring arms so that each anchoring arm is umbrella-shaped after being opened outwards.

[0015] Furthermore, a weight cavity opening upward is provided in the anchor rod body, and a weight filler can be added into the weight cavity to increase the weight of the anchor body.

[0016] Furthermore, a sealing cover is provided at the opening of the counterweight cavity.

[0017] The present invention provides a new underwater resident anchor body, which includes an anchor rod body, a drilling tip at the lower end of the anchor rod body, a sliding channel extending axially and opened at the upper end inside the anchor rod body, a sliding seat installed in the sliding channel, a pulling piece connected to the sliding seat, a plurality of anchor arms installed in the sliding channel, the anchor arms are hinged to the sliding seat, an elastic piece is connected between the anchor arms and the anchor rod body, an anti-slip structure is provided at the opening of the sliding channel, when the pulling piece is pulled, the anchor arm slides outward with the sliding seat, the elastic piece is stretched to store energy until the sliding seat abuts against the anti-slip structure, the anchor arm is completely outside the sliding channel, the anchor arm is radially bounced outward and driven into the formation under the action of the elastic potential energy of the elastic piece, and the anchor arm is provided with a limiting structure to limit its maximum outward opening angle. The underwater resident anchor body of the present invention can open the anchoring arm to enhance the anchoring force after the anchor rod is driven into the water. Compared with the prior art, the underwater resident anchor body of the present invention can instantly open the anchoring arm by relying on the elastic potential energy accumulated in the elastic member after being anchored into the seabed. The impulse when the anchoring arm is opened is large, making it easier to open the anchoring arm. When pulling, it only needs to overcome the elastic force of the elastic member and drive it into the soil layer or mud with the help of a large impulse, thereby reducing the output power of the anchor cable retracting device and the strength requirements of the anchor cable.

[0018] The present invention also provides an underwater resident anchor, which comprises an underwater resident anchor body, which comprises an anchor rod body, a drilling tip at the lower end of the anchor rod body, a sliding channel extending axially and open at the upper end in the anchor rod body, a sliding seat installed in the sliding channel for guiding sliding, a pulling member connected to the sliding seat, an anchoring arm installed in the sliding channel, a plurality of anchoring arms uniformly arranged circumferentially around the axis of the anchor rod body, the lower end of the anchoring arm is hinged to the sliding seat around an axis perpendicular to the anchor rod body, and the upper end of the anchoring arm is connected to the anchor rod An elastic member is connected between the upper ends of the main bodies, and an anti-slip structure is provided at the opening of the sliding channel to stop the sliding seat and prevent it from slipping out of the opening. When the pulling member is pulled, the sliding seat slides outward from the bottom of the sliding channel, and the anchor arm extends out of the sliding channel and the elastic member is stretched to store energy until the sliding seat moves to the upward limit position, and the anchor arm is completely outside the sliding channel. Under the action of the elastic potential energy of the elastic member, the anchor arm radially bounces outward and is driven into the formation. The anchor arm is provided with a limiting structure to limit its maximum outward opening angle.

[0019] Furthermore, the sliding channel is an annular channel, the sliding seat includes an anchor arm connecting ring, and each anchor arm is hinged to the anchor arm connecting ring.

[0020] Furthermore, the anchor rod body includes a cylindrical section, the drilling tip is a conical section coaxial with the cylindrical section and fixedly connected to the lower end of the cylindrical section, the large diameter end face of the conical section is larger than the end face of the cylindrical section, the anchor rod body also includes an outer cylinder, the end face of the outer cylinder is the same size as the end face of the large diameter end of the conical section and is coaxially fixedly connected to the conical section, and the annular space between the cylindrical section and the outer cylinder constitutes the annular channel.

[0021] Furthermore, the sliding seat includes a guide cylinder section, the guide cylinder section is sleeved on the cylindrical section, and the anchor arm connecting ring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the guide cylinder section.

[0022] Furthermore, the upper end surface of the guide cylinder section is provided with a plurality of lifting ears which are circumferentially arranged around the axis of the anchor rod body, and the pulling member is a pulling rope, which includes a vertical main rope, and the lower end of the main rope is connected to a plurality of branch ropes which extend outward at a certain angle along the circumferential direction of the axis of the anchor rod body, and the other ends of all the branch ropes are connected to the same annular rope, and the annular rope is passed through all the lifting ears.

[0023] Furthermore, a through hole is provided inside the main rope for the rope body to pass through, a load-bearing rope is passed through the through hole, one end of the load-bearing rope is fixedly connected to the anchor column, and the pulling rope can be guided and moved along the axial direction of the load-bearing rope.

[0024] Furthermore, the anti-slip structure is a limit stop ring provided at the top of the outer tube and extending radially inwardly along the anchor rod body, and the limit stop ring is used to connect with the anchor arm ring to stop and position.

[0025] Furthermore, when the sliding seat is at the bottom of the annular channel, the upper end of the anchoring arm extends out of the sliding channel.

[0026] Furthermore, a sealing ring is provided at the opening of the annular channel. The sealing ring is made of fragile material or is easy to fall off. The sealing ring is provided with an avoidance groove for allowing the anchoring arm to extend.

[0027] Furthermore, the limiting structure is a fan-shaped skin connected between each two adjacent anchoring arms so that each anchoring arm is umbrella-shaped after being opened outwards.

[0028] Furthermore, a counterweight cavity opening upward is provided in the anchor rod body, and the counterweight cavity is filled with a counterweight filler.

[0029] Furthermore, the counterweight filler is cement slurry, and a sealing cover is provided at the opening of the counterweight cavity.

[0030] The present invention provides a new underwater resident anchor, which comprises an underwater resident anchor body, which comprises an anchor rod body, a drilling tip at the lower end of the anchor rod body, a sliding channel extending axially and opened at the upper end in the anchor rod body, a sliding seat is installed in the sliding channel, a pulling piece is connected to the sliding seat, a plurality of anchoring arms are installed in the sliding channel, the anchoring arms are hinged to the sliding seat, an elastic piece is connected between the anchoring arms and the anchor rod body, an anti-slip structure is provided at the opening of the sliding channel, when the pulling piece is pulled, the anchoring arm slides outward with the sliding seat, the elastic piece is stretched to store energy until the sliding seat abuts against the anti-slip structure, the anchoring arm is completely outside the sliding channel, the anchoring arm is radially bounced outward and driven into the formation under the action of the elastic potential energy of the elastic piece, and the anchoring arm is provided with a limiting structure to limit its maximum outward opening angle. The underwater resident anchor of the present invention can open the anchoring arm after the anchor rod is driven into the water to enhance the anchoring force. Compared with the prior art, the underwater resident anchor of the present invention can instantly open the anchoring arm by relying on the elastic potential energy accumulated in the elastic member after the anchor body is anchored into the seabed. The impulse when the anchoring arm is opened is large, making it easier to open the anchoring arm. When pulling, it only needs to overcome the elastic force of the elastic member and use the larger impulse to drive the anchor arm into the soil layer or mud, thereby reducing the output power of the anchor cable retracting device and the strength requirements of the anchor cable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a half-section structure of the underwater stationary anchor of the present invention when the anchoring arm is not extended; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the middle part; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the outer cylinder portion of the underwater stationary anchor bolt body of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cylindrical section and the conical section of the main body of the underwater stationary anchor rod of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the anchoring arm of the underwater resident anchor of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the underwater resident anchor sealing ring of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the underwater stationary anchor sliding seat of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the underwater stationary anchor guide cylinder section and the pulling rope of the present invention; Fig.10 It is a half-section schematic diagram of the underwater resident anchor of the present invention when the anchoring arm is extended and the fan-shaped skin is unfolded; Fig.11 for Fig.10 A partial enlarged view of point C in the middle; Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the anchoring arm of the underwater stationary anchor of the present invention in a state where the anchoring arm is not extended; Fig.13 It is a structural schematic diagram of the underwater stationary anchor of the present invention in a state where the anchoring arm is extended and not opened; Fig.14 It is a structural schematic diagram of the anchoring arm of the underwater stationary anchor of the present invention in an extended and open state; Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the state of the underwater stationary anchor of the present invention in the aircraft.

[0032] In the figure: 1. cover; 2. anchor rod body; 3. drilling tip; 4. load-bearing rope; 5. pulling rope; 6. spring; 7. anchor arm; 8. sealing ring; 9. guide tube section; 10. first hanging ear; 11. second hanging ear; 12. lifting ear; 13. limit stop ring; 14. hinge shaft; 15. avoidance groove; 16. hinge ear; 17. anchor arm connecting ring; 18. counterweight filler; 19. fan-shaped skin; 20. vehicle; 21. retracting and releasing mechanism; 22. underwater stationary anchor; 23. main rope; 24. branch rope; 25. annular rope; 26. sliding seat; 27. annular channel; 28. counterweight cavity; 29. ​​outer tube; 30. cylindrical section; 31. conical section. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The features and performance of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0034] With the help of Figure 1-Figure 14 As shown, the present invention is an underwater resident anchor body, including an anchor rod body 2, the lower end of the anchor rod body 2 has a drilling tip 3, the anchor rod body 2 has an axially extending sliding channel with an upper end open, a sliding seat 26 is installed in the sliding channel for guiding sliding, a pulling member is connected to the sliding seat 26, an anchoring arm 7 is installed in the sliding channel, there are multiple anchoring arms 7 and they are evenly arranged around the axis of the anchor rod body 2, the lower end of the anchoring arm 7 is hinged to the sliding seat 26 around an axis perpendicular to the anchor rod body 2, and the upper end of the anchoring arm 7 is connected to the upper end of the anchor rod body 2. An elastic member is connected in between, and the opening of the sliding channel has an anti-slip structure that stops the sliding seat 26 and prevents it from slipping out of the opening. When the pulling member is pulled, the sliding seat 26 slides outward from the bottom of the sliding channel, and the anchor arm 7 extends out of the sliding channel and the elastic member is stretched to store energy until the sliding seat 26 moves to the upward limit position, and the anchor arm 7 is completely outside the sliding channel. The anchor arm 7 radially bounces outward and is driven into the formation under the action of the elastic potential energy of the elastic member. The anchor arm 7 is configured with a limiting structure to limit its maximum outward opening angle.

[0035] The present invention sets a plurality of anchoring arms 7 in the underwater resident anchor body. After the underwater resident anchor body is anchored into the bottom of the water through the drilling tip 3, the traction member is pulled, so that the traction member drives the sliding seat 26 in the sliding channel of the anchor rod body 2 to move upward, and the anchoring arm 7 moves upward with the connected sliding seat 26. In the process of the anchoring arm moving upward, the elastic member connected between the upper end of the anchoring arm 7 and the upper end of the anchor rod body 2 accumulates elastic potential energy. When the sliding seat 26 moves to the upper limit position, the sliding seat 26 is stopped by the anti-slip mechanism. At this time, the anchoring arm 7 is completely outside the sliding channel. The anchoring arm 7 is radially outwardly sprung and driven into the formation under the elastic potential energy of the elastic member to enhance the anchoring ability of the underwater resident anchor body. Compared with the prior art, since the underwater resident anchor body of the present invention relies on the elastic force of the elastic member to instantly open the anchoring arm 7, the 7 impulse when the anchoring arm is opened is large, so that the anchoring arm 7 is easy to open.

[0036] Based on the above main concepts, different embodiments are provided below for illustration.

[0037] In Example 1, by Figure 1-Figure 14 As shown, this embodiment is mainly a specific introduction to the expansion anchoring method of the underwater resident anchor body. In one embodiment, the anchor rod body includes a cylindrical section, the drilling tip is a conical section coaxial with the cylindrical section fixedly connected to the lower end of the cylindrical section, the end face of the cylindrical section is the same size as the end face of the large diameter end of the conical section, the sliding channel is a plurality of columnar channels arranged on the cylindrical section and distributed circumferentially along the axis of the anchor rod body, the sliding seat includes a slider, the anchor arm is hinged to the slider one by one, and the traction member is separately connected to each slider. In another better embodiment, in order to facilitate the control of the anchor arm 7, the anchor rod body 2 includes a cylindrical section 30, the drilling tip 3 is a conical section 31 coaxial with the cylindrical section 30 and fixedly connected to the lower end of the cylindrical section 30, the large diameter end face of the conical section 31 is larger than the end face of the cylindrical section 30, the anchor rod body 2 also includes an outer cylinder 29, the end face of the outer cylinder 29 is the same size as the end face of the large diameter end of the conical section 31 and is coaxially fixedly connected to the conical section 31, the sliding channel is an annular channel 27 coaxial with the anchor rod body 2 separated between the cylindrical section 30 and the outer cylinder 29, the sliding seat 26 includes an anchor arm connecting ring 17, and the anchor arm connecting ring 17 is provided with a plurality of articulated ears 16 uniformly arranged circumferentially around the axis of the anchor rod body 2, and the lower end of each anchor arm 7 is provided with an articulated shaft 14 corresponding to the articulated ear 16, and each anchor arm 7 is hinged to the anchor arm connecting ring 17. The pulling member pulls the sliding seat 26 to control the synchronous movement of each anchor arm 7.

[0038] In one embodiment, the sliding seat is an anchor arm connecting ring, and the anchor arm connecting ring is provided with a plurality of lifting ears evenly arranged around the axis of the anchor rod body. The pulling member is a pulling rope, and the pulling rope includes a vertical main rope. The lower end of the main rope is connected to the lifting ears of the anchor arm connecting ring, which correspond one by one to the branch ropes extending outward at a certain angle along the circumferential axis of the anchor rod body. The branch ropes are fixedly connected to the lifting ears one by one.

[0039] In another better embodiment, in order to make the sliding seat 26 guide and slide more smoothly in the annular channel 27, the sliding seat 26 also includes a guide cylinder segment 9, the anchor arm connecting ring 17 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the guide cylinder segment 9, the guide cylinder segment 9 is sleeved on the inner wall of the annular channel 27, and the height is consistent with the height of the annular channel 27. The upper end face of the guide cylinder segment 9 is provided with a plurality of lifting ears 12 circumferentially arranged around the axis of the anchor rod body 2, and the pulling member is a pulling rope 5. The pulling rope 5 includes a vertical main rope 23. The lower end of the main rope 23 is connected to a plurality of branch ropes 24 extending outward at a certain angle along the circumferential axis of the anchor rod body 2, and the other ends of the branch ropes 24 are all connected to the same annular rope 25, and the annular rope 25 is passed through all the lifting ears 12 of the guide cylinder segment 9.

[0040] In one embodiment, the main rope is a solid rope body. In another better embodiment, in order to prevent the pulling rope 5 from breaking due to excessive load, a through hole is provided inside the main rope 23 for the rope body to pass through. The load-bearing rope 4 is passed through the through hole. The load-bearing rope 4 is fixedly connected to the end face of the cylindrical section 30. The main rope 23 can be guided and moved axially along the load-bearing rope 4.

[0041] In one embodiment, the anti-slip structure is a plurality of spaced apart limit blocks extending radially inwardly along the top of the anchor rod body and capable of being stopped and positioned with the anchor arm connecting ring; of course, in order to ensure the structural strength of the limit structure, the anti-slip structure may also be a limit block ring 13 extending radially inwardly along the top of the anchor rod body 2 and capable of being stopped and positioned with the anchor arm connecting ring 17.

[0042] In order to enable the sliding seat and the anchor to be smoothly installed in the annular channel, in one embodiment, the outer cylinder and the cone section are integrated, and the limit stop ring is welded to the outer cylinder after the sliding seat and the anchor are installed. In another embodiment, the limit stop ring 13 and the outer cylinder 29 are integrated, and the outer cylinder 29 is welded to the cone section 31 after the sliding seat 26 and the anchor arm 7 are installed.

[0043] In one embodiment, the upper end of the anchor rod body 2 is provided with a plurality of first hanging ears 10 uniformly arranged circumferentially around the axis of the anchor rod body 2, the upper end of the anchor arm 7 is provided with a second hanging ear 11 corresponding to the first hanging ear 10 at the upper end of the anchor rod body 2, and the elastic member is a spring 6 connected between the first hanging ear 10 and the second hanging ear 11. To facilitate the connection of the spring 6 between the first hanging ear 10 and the second hanging ear 11, when the sliding seat 26 is at the bottom of the annular channel 27, the upper end of the anchor arm 7 extends out of the annular channel 27.

[0044] In one embodiment, the annular channel is an open structure, but such a design is prone to cause the anchor arm to be blocked in the annular channel due to debris entering the annular channel. In a better embodiment, the opening of the annular channel 27 is provided with a sealing ring 8 for blocking the entry of debris, and the sealing ring 8 is provided with an avoidance groove 15 for avoiding the anchor arm 7 extending out of the annular channel 27. In order to prevent the anchor arm 7 from being blocked in the annular channel 27 by the sealing ring 8, the sealing ring 8 is made of fragile material. Of course, the sealing ring can also be bonded or forcibly installed at the opening of the annular channel, and the sealing ring can be caused to fall off from the annular channel opening when the anchor arm moves outward from the annular channel.

[0045] In one embodiment, the limiting structure is a limiting cylinder arranged at the upper end of the outer cylinder, the length of the limiting cylinder is less than the length of the anchoring arm, and the anchoring arm will abut against the limiting cylinder after opening a certain angle, so that each anchoring arm will be umbrella-shaped after opening outward. In another better embodiment, in order to increase the anchoring capacity of the underwater resident anchor 22, the limiting structure is a fan-shaped skin 19 connected between each two adjacent anchoring arms 7, and after the anchoring arm 7 is opened at a certain angle, the fan-shaped skin 19 is tightened to limit the position, so that the anchoring arm 7 will be umbrella-shaped after opening outward.

[0046] In Example 2, by means of Figure 1 , Figure 5 , Fig.10 As shown, this embodiment is a specific introduction to the method of adjusting the weight of the anchor body of an underwater resident anchor. In one embodiment, the anchor body of the underwater resident anchor is a solid anchor body. However, in a better embodiment, in order to adapt to the complex underwater environment, a weight cavity 28 with an opening upward is provided in the anchor rod body 2, and weight fillers 18 of different weights can be added to the weight cavity 28 to adjust the weight of the anchor body. A cover 1 is provided at the opening of the weight cavity 28. Before adding the weight filler 18, the cover 1 is opened. After adding the weight filler 18 to the weight cavity 28, the cover 1 is buckled, locked and sealed. The load-bearing rope 4 is fixedly connected to the cover 1.

[0047] With the help of Figure 1-Figure 14 As shown, the present invention also provides an underwater resident anchor whose anchor body is the underwater resident anchor body described in the above embodiment. The following are different embodiments of the underwater resident anchor.

[0048] The underwater resident anchor body is the same as the underwater resident anchor body in the embodiment described above, and the counterweight cavity 28 provided in the anchor rod body of the underwater resident anchor 22 is filled with counterweight filler. In one embodiment, the counterweight filler is solid metal, and in another embodiment, in order to enhance the space utilization of the counterweight cavity 28 and reduce the production cost, the counterweight filler 18 is cement slurry. A cover 1 is provided at the opening of the counterweight cavity 28, and a load-bearing rope 4 is connected to the cover 1.

[0049] With the help of Figure 1-Figure 15As shown, before using the underwater anchor 22 of the present invention, cement slurry is poured into the counterweight cavity 28 of the underwater anchor 22 on the vehicle 20. After a sufficient amount of cement slurry is poured, the cover 1 is locked and sealed to seal the counterweight cavity 28. Then, the underwater anchor 22 is dropped to the seabed with the help of the retracting and releasing mechanism 21 on the vehicle 20. The geological layer of the seabed is mostly mud and sand, which is relatively soft. After the underwater anchor 22 is anchored in the seabed, the pulling rope 5 is pulled, and the pulling rope 5 drives the sliding seat 26 to move upward in the annular channel 27, and the sliding seat 26 drives the anchor arm 7 to move upward At this time, the spring 6 is stretched and stores energy. When the sliding seat 26 reaches the position of the limit ring 13, the anchoring arm 7 is completely outside the annular channel 27. Under the action of the elastic potential energy of the spring 6, the anchoring arm 7 radially bounces off the mud and sand and drives into the formation. The fan-shaped skin 19 is unfolded together with the anchoring arm 7 and the anchoring arm 7 is limited by the fan-shaped skin 19, so that the anchoring arm 7 is umbrella-shaped. At the same time, the fan-shaped skin 19 can also increase the anchoring area. At this time, the loose mud and sand fall into the fan-shaped skin 19, which increases the downward pressure on the underwater resident anchor 22, further enhancing the anchoring ability.

[0050] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. The patent protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the claims. All equivalent structural changes made using the contents of the description and drawings of the present invention should also be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An underwater resident anchor body, characterized in that: The cam is provided with a plurality of guide wheels, the guide wheels having a plurality of locking plates, the guide wheels having a plurality of locking plates, the guide wheels having a plurality of locking plates, the guide wheels having a plurality of locking plates, the guide wheels having a plurality of locking plates, the guide wheels having a plurality of locking plates, the guide wheels having a plurality of locking plates, the guide wheels having a plurality of locking plates, the guide wheels having a plurality of locking plates, the guide wheels having a plurality of locking plates, the guide wheels having a plurality of locking plates 2. The underwater resident anchor body according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sliding channel is an annular channel, and the sliding seat includes an anchor arm connecting ring, and each anchor arm is hinged on the anchor arm connecting ring.

3. The underwater resident anchor body according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The anchor rod body includes a cylindrical section, and the drilling tip is a conical section coaxial with the cylindrical section and fixedly connected to the lower end of the cylindrical section. The large diameter end face of the conical section is larger than the end face of the cylindrical end. The anchor rod body also includes an outer cylinder. The end face of the outer cylinder is the same size as the end face of the large diameter end of the conical section and is coaxially fixedly connected to the conical section. The annular space between the cylindrical section and the outer cylinder constitutes the annular channel.

4. The underwater resident anchor body according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The sliding seat comprises a guide cylinder section, the guide cylinder section is sleeved on the cylindrical section, and the anchor arm connecting ring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the guide cylinder section.

5. The underwater resident anchor body according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The upper end surface of the guide cylinder section is provided with a plurality of lifting ears arranged circumferentially around the axis of the anchor rod body. The pulling member is a pulling rope, which includes a vertical main rope. The lower end of the main rope is connected to a plurality of branch ropes extending outward at a certain angle along the circumferential axis of the anchor rod body. The other ends of all the branch ropes are connected to the same annular rope, and the annular rope is passed through all the lifting ears.

6. The underwater resident anchor body according to claim 5, characterized in that: The main rope is provided with a through hole for the rope body to pass through, and a load-bearing rope is passed through the through hole. One end of the load-bearing rope is fixedly connected to the anchor column, and the pulling rope can be guided and moved in the axial direction of the load-bearing rope.

7. The underwater resident anchor body according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that: The anti-slip structure is a limit stop ring arranged at the top of the outer tube and extending radially inwardly along the anchor rod body. The limit stop ring is used to connect with the anchor arm ring to stop and position.

8. The underwater resident anchor body according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that: When the sliding seat is at the bottom of the annular channel, the upper end of the anchoring arm extends out of the sliding channel.

9. The underwater resident anchor body according to claim 8, characterized in that: A sealing ring is provided at the opening of the annular channel. The sealing ring is a fragile sealing ring or a detachable sealing ring. The sealing ring is provided with an avoidance groove for allowing the anchoring arm to extend.

10. The underwater resident anchor body according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The limiting structure is a fan-shaped skin connected between each two adjacent anchoring arms so that each anchoring arm is umbrella-shaped after being opened outwards.

11. The underwater resident anchor body according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A counterweight cavity opening upward is provided in the anchor rod body, and a counterweight filler can be added into the counterweight cavity to increase the weight of the anchor body.

12. The underwater resident anchor body according to claim 11, characterized in that: A sealing cover is provided at the opening of the counterweight cavity.

13. An underwater stationary anchor, characterized in that: The underwater resident anchor comprises the underwater resident anchor body according to any one of claims 1-10.

14. The underwater anchor according to claim 13, characterized in that: A counterweight cavity opening upward is arranged in the anchor rod body, and a counterweight filler is filled in the counterweight cavity.

15. The underwater anchor according to claim 14, characterized in that: The counterweight filler is cement slurry, and a cover is provided at the opening of the counterweight cavity.

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