Miniaturized biomass oxygen-enriched gasification hydrogen production system and process

Abstract

The invention discloses a miniaturized biomass oxygen-enriched gasification hydrogen production system and process, and relates to the technical field of biomass energy. A miniaturized biomass oxygen-enriched gasification hydrogen production system comprises an oxygen-enriched gasification furnace used for introducing biomass raw materials, oxygen and water vapor to prepare biomass fuel gas; the purification unit is in butt joint with the gas outlet end of the oxygen-enriched gasification furnace and is used for removing tar and impurities of the biomass gas; the desulfurizing tower is in butt joint with the gas outlet end of the purifying unit and is used for desulfurizing the biomass gas; the conversion reactor is in butt joint with the gas outlet end of the desulfurization tower and is used for accommodating biomass gas to react to generate mixed gas; and the pressure swing adsorption device is butted with the gas outlet end of the shift reactor and is used for separating hydrogen from the mixed gas. The invention solves the problem of lack of a hydrogen production system and process which are small in size, low in cost and suitable for a utilization mode of hydrogen energy in the traffic field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of biomass energy, and in particular to a miniaturized biomass oxygen-enriched gasification hydrogen production system and process. Background Art

[0002] Biomass is a variety of organic matter transformed in organisms through photosynthesis from natural resources such as the atmosphere, water and land. It usually includes wood and agricultural and forestry waste, construction waste wood, and waste furniture materials. It is a renewable energy source. Biomass resources are widely distributed, have large reserves, and are renewable. Compared with fossil fuels, they have high volatile matter, low ash content, and low sulfur and nitrogen content. They are known as "green coal". Using biomass as raw material to produce hydrogen has the advantages of being clean, energy-saving, and not consuming mineral resources. During the reaction process, the total amount of CO2 generated is balanced with the CO2 absorbed during the growth of biomass, which will not cause a greenhouse effect and can achieve zero emissions in the true sense.

[0003] Biomass oxygen-enriched gasification hydrogen production refers to putting pre-treated biomass raw materials into a gasifier, reacting with a gasification medium composed of oxygen and water vapor at high temperature, decomposing the biomass into hydrogen-rich gas, and then obtaining high-purity hydrogen through processes such as fuel gas purification and gas separation. At present, the biomass pure oxygen gasification hydrogen production system has the following problems: 1. The system is large in scale, occupies a large area, has a long construction period, and requires a large investment; 2. The hydrogen preparation equipment has high requirements and high costs; 3. Centralized production and distributed sales / use are not suitable for the utilization model of hydrogen energy in the transportation field. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is the lack of a miniaturized, low-cost hydrogen production system suitable for the utilization mode of hydrogen energy in the transportation field.

[0005] One of the purposes is to provide a miniaturized biomass oxygen-enriched gasification hydrogen production system, which solves the problem of the lack of a miniaturized, low-cost hydrogen production system suitable for the utilization mode of hydrogen energy in the transportation field.

[0006] The second purpose is to provide a small-scale biomass oxygen-enriched gasification hydrogen production process to cooperate with the hydrogen production system to produce hydrogen at low cost.

[0007] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A miniaturized biomass oxygen-enriched gasification hydrogen production system, comprising

[0009] An oxygen-enriched gasifier is used to receive biomass raw materials, oxygen and water vapor to prepare biomass fuel gas;

[0010] The purification unit is connected to the gas outlet of the oxygen-enriched gasifier to remove tar and impurities from the biomass gas;

[0011] The desulfurization tower is connected to the gas outlet of the purification unit and is used to desulfurize the biomass gas;

[0012] A shift reactor is connected to the gas outlet of the desulfurization tower and is used to accommodate the biomass gas reaction to generate a mixed gas;

[0013] The pressure swing adsorption device is connected to the gas outlet of the shift reactor and is used to separate hydrogen from the mixed gas.

[0014] As a possible design, the purification unit includes a rough purification device, a water washing tower, a filter tank and a compressor.

[0015] The air inlet end of the rough purification device is connected to the air outlet end of the oxygen-enriched gasification furnace;

[0016] The air inlet end of the water scrubber is connected to the air outlet end of the rough purification device;

[0017] The air inlet end of the filter tank is connected to the air outlet end of the water washing tower;

[0018] The air inlet end of the compressor is connected to the air outlet end of the filter tank, and the air outlet end is connected to the air inlet end of the desulfurization tower.

[0019] As a possible design, the above also includes a heater, which is connected between the air outlet of the compressor and the air inlet of the desulfurization tower and is used to heat the biomass gas to the desulfurization temperature.

[0020] As a possible design, the above also includes an energy utilization unit, which is respectively connected to the oxygen-enriched gasification furnace, the shift reactor and the pressure swing adsorption device for receiving and heating the hot water.

[0021] As a possible design, the energy utilization unit includes a steam boiler, a gasifier jacket and a heat exchanger.

[0022] The steam boiler is connected to the gas outlet of the pressure swing adsorption device to receive and burn the mixed gas after hydrogen separation;

[0023] The gasifier jacket is sleeved on the oxygen-enriched gasifier and connected to the steam boiler to input the water heated by the oxygen-enriched gasifier into the steam boiler;

[0024] The heat exchanger is connected between the shift reactor and the pressure swing adsorption device, and the heat exchanger is connected to the steam boiler to adjust the temperature of the mixed gas and to input the heat exchange water into the steam boiler.

[0025] As a possible design, the energy utilization unit further includes a heat exchange tube bundle, which is installed in the shift reactor and connected to the shift reactor for heating water to generate steam and inputting the steam into the shift reactor.

[0026] As a possible design, the above also includes a raw material input unit, which includes a material preparation device, a liquid oxygen storage tank and a water vapor intake pipe.

[0027] The material preparation device is connected to the oxygen-enriched gasification furnace and is used to introduce biomass raw materials into the oxygen-enriched gasification furnace;

[0028] The liquid oxygen storage tank is connected to the oxygen-enriched gasifier to input oxygen into the oxygen-enriched gasifier;

[0029] Both ends of the water vapor inlet pipe are connected to the energy utilization unit and the oxygen-enriched gasification furnace respectively, so as to input water vapor into the oxygen-enriched gasification furnace.

[0030] A small-scale biomass oxygen-enriched gasification method for producing hydrogen comprises the following steps:

[0031] Inputting biomass raw materials, oxygen and water vapor into the oxygen-enriched gasifier to heat and generate biomass fuel gas;

[0032] The biomass gas is separated from tar and impurities by the purification unit and then input into the desulfurization tower for desulfurization treatment;

[0033] The desulfurized biomass gas is input into a shift reactor for reaction to obtain a mixed gas;

[0034] The mixed gas is adsorbed and separated into hydrogen through a pressure swing adsorption device.

[0035] As a possible design, the above desulfurization pressure is 1-1.5 MPa, the temperature is 180-280° C., and the adsorbent includes zinc oxide and / or iron oxide.

[0036] As a possible design, the desulfurized biomass gas is input into a shift reactor and reacts at 260-300°C under the action of a copper-based catalyst.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0038] The present invention uses an oxygen-enriched gasifier to prepare biomass fuel gas with CO, CO2 and H2 as main components from biomass raw materials, removes tar and impurities in the biomass fuel gas through a purification unit, and undergoes desulfurization treatment. The obtained biomass fuel gas undergoes a CO conversion reaction in a conversion reactor, so that CO reacts with H2O to increase hydrogen production, and then hydrogen is adsorbed and separated by a pressure swing adsorption device.

[0039] The whole system is small in scale, requires less investment, has a short construction period, and has stable equipment operation, making it suitable for small-scale production. It uses oxygen + water vapor as gasifying agents for biomass gasification, uses a conversion furnace to produce CO conversion reaction, and uses PSA to extract hydrogen (hydrogen pressure swing adsorption), which can reduce the scale of gas processing equipment and increase the scale of hydrogen production.

[0040] This process cooperates with the hydrogen production system to prepare hydrogen from biomass raw materials, which can not only fully utilize the biomass raw materials, but also reuse the heat energy during the gasification of biomass fuel and various reactions to prepare water vapor, thereby saving preparation costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In the drawings:

[0042] Figure 1 This is a connection structure diagram of a miniaturized biomass oxygen-enriched gasification hydrogen production system of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a connection structure diagram of an energy utilization unit of a miniaturized biomass oxygen-enriched gasification hydrogen production system of the present invention.

[0044] Marks and corresponding parts names in the attached drawings:

[0045] 1- material preparation device; 2- liquid oxygen storage tank; 3- oxygen-enriched gasifier; 4- rough purification device; 5- water scrubber; 6- filter tank; 7- compressor; 8- heater; 9- desulfurization tower; 10- shift reactor; 11- heat exchanger; 12- pressure swing adsorption device; 13- steam boiler; 14- gasifier jacket; 15- steam inlet pipe; 16- heat exchange tube bundle; 17- first pipeline mixed gas; 18- second pipeline mixer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with examples and drawings. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their description are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. If specific conditions are not specified in the examples, they are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the manufacturer is not specified for the reagents or instruments used, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0047] The present invention provides a miniaturized biomass oxygen-enriched gasification hydrogen production system, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2, including an oxygen-enriched gasification furnace 3, a purification unit, a desulfurization tower 9, a shift reactor 10 and a pressure swing adsorption device 12. The oxygen-enriched gasifier 3 is a fixed-bed pure oxygen gasifier, which gasifies the biomass raw material by adding biomass raw materials and introducing oxygen and water vapor as gasifying agents to obtain biomass fuel gas. In actual operation, the biomass raw material is added from the top of the oxygen-enriched gasifier 3 and oxygen and water vapor are introduced from the bottom of the oxygen-enriched gasifier 3 to react at high temperature; the purification unit is connected to the gas outlet of the oxygen-enriched gasifier 3. Since the biomass fuel gas contains some particulate impurities, tar and sulfide in addition to CO, CO2, and H2, the tar and particulate matter are removed by the purification unit, and the biomass fuel gas can be purified, which is convenient for improving the purity of the hydrogen obtained subsequently. Preferably, the purification unit combines adsorption, filtration and pressurization in multiple ways, which can ensure the removal effect of tar and particulate matter while ensuring energy conservation; the bottom air inlet of the desulfurization tower 9 is connected to the gas outlet of the purification unit. After the tar is removed from the biomass fuel gas, it still contains some sulfide. Since the fuel gas needs to be subjected to CO conversion treatment in the subsequent process, a catalyst will need to be used, and sulfide will cause the catalyst to deactivate. , corrosion equipment, therefore, by placing an adsorbent in the desulfurization tower 9, dry desulfurization is adopted to adsorb sulfur elements in the fuel gas, preferably, the adsorbent includes but is not limited to ZnO, Fe2O3, in addition, due to the dry desulfurization in the desulfurization tower, the adsorbent reacts with sulfide to release heat, resulting in an increase in the fuel gas temperature, so that the fuel gas temperature meets the temperature required for the subsequent CO conversion in the conversion reactor 10; the conversion reactor 10 includes a reaction chamber, the reaction chamber is connected to the gas outlet of the desulfurization tower 9, and is used to accommodate the biomass fuel gas reaction to generate a mixed gas. Specifically, the biomass fuel gas heated in the desulfurization tower 9 enters the conversion reactor 10, and water vapor is introduced. Under the action of the catalyst, CO and H2O generate CO2 and H2, further increasing the hydrogen production. At this time, the reaction will also release a large amount of heat; the pressure swing adsorption device 12 is connected to the gas outlet of the conversion reactor 10, and the pressure in the device is adjusted to achieve adsorption of impurity gases CO2, N2, etc., and hydrogen is separated. Then, the impurity gas is released by adjusting the pressure to achieve regeneration of the adsorbent.

[0048] Preferably, the above-mentioned shift reactor 10 undergoes a CO shift reaction, the main purpose of which is to generate more hydrogen, and the main equation is: CO(g)+H2O(g)=CO2(g)+H2(g). The CO shift of the present invention is carried out under the conditions of 1.0-1.5MPa and 250-280°C. This reaction is an exothermic reaction, and the amount of gas before and after the reaction is the same. Increasing the pressure will accelerate the reaction rate, and appropriately lowering the temperature is conducive to generating more products.

[0049] Preferably, the pressure swing adsorption device 12 is also connected to a storage tank for storing hydrogen.

[0050] In some embodiments of the present invention, the purification unit includes a rough purification device 4, a water washing tower 5, a filter tank 6 and a compressor 7. Since particulate matter and tar can cause energy waste, equipment corrosion, pipeline blockage, environmental pollution, catalyst deactivation, PSA adsorbent blockage and other problems, it is necessary to take measures to reduce their concentration. In the impurity removal and purification part, cyclone dust removal and bag dust removal process equipment are conventionally used for removal. The equipment scale of these two is large and cannot achieve the purpose of miniaturization; or water washing is used, but water washing has limited effect on the removal of tar and particulate matter; adsorption materials are also used for adsorption, but the adsorption materials are easily saturated and need to be replaced frequently, resulting in increased costs. The air inlet of the rough purification device 4 is connected to the air outlet of the oxygen-enriched gasifier 3, and the biomass gas is first preliminarily purified; the air inlet of the water washing tower 5 is connected to the air outlet of the rough purification device 4, and the preliminarily purified biomass gas is input into the water washing tower 5 for water washing, and impurities such as tar and dust will be captured by water, thereby achieving a further purification effect; the air inlet of the filter tank 6 is connected to the air outlet of the water washing tower 5, and the filter tank 6 is filled with an adsorbent, which can ensure the adsorption effect of substances such as tar; the air inlet of the compressor 7 is connected to the air outlet of the filter tank 6, and the air outlet of the compressor 7 is connected to the air inlet of the desulfurization tower 9. A specific pressure is required for subsequent treatment by the pressure swing adsorption device 12. The compressor 7 can pressurize the biomass gas to 1-1.5MPa, which will produce an adiabatic supercharging effect, causing the biomass gas to heat up, and can also provide high-temperature gas for the subsequent desulfurization tower 9 to desulfurize (generally the compressor inlet temperature is ≤40°C, and the temperature rises by 20-50°C after pressurization to 1-1.5MPa). After the rough purification device 4, the water washing tower 5, and the filter tank 6 successively process the biomass gas, most of the tar and impurities in it have been removed. Then, the compressor 7 pressurizes the biomass gas to increase the pressure, which will cause the remaining tar in the biomass gas to condense as the pressure increases, so that the tar in the biomass gas can be further removed. The sequential processing of the biomass gas by the rough purification device 4, the water washing tower 5, the filter tank 6 and the compressor 7 can reduce the processing cost, reduce the system energy consumption, and reduce the system scale while ensuring the removal rate. After research, the inventors found that the purification efficiency is best when the rough purification device 4, the water washing tower 5, the filter tank 6 and the compressor 7 are processed in sequence. The rough purification device 4, the water washing tower 5, the filter tank 6 and the compressor 7 can process tar; the rough purification device 4 and the water washing tower 5 can process particulate matter. The processing scale of the equipment in this sequence decreases successively, and the purification efficiency increases successively. After changing the sequence, problems such as compressor failure, frequent adsorbent replacement, and reduced purification rate will occur.

[0051] Preferably, the rough purification device 4 is a labyrinth purifier, which separates tar and particulate matter in the biomass gas through channels and partitions to achieve the purpose of purification.

[0052] Preferably, the compressor 7 is a piston compressor.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present invention, the above also includes a heater 8. The temperature of the biomass gas after being processed by the compressor 7 is increased, and then heated by the heater 8, which can save heating energy and increase the temperature of the biomass gas to above 180°C. The heater 8 is connected between the air outlet of the compressor 7 and the air inlet of the desulfurization tower 9, and is used to heat the biomass gas to the dry desulfurization temperature.

[0054] Preferably, the heater 8 heats the biomass gas to 180-280°C.

[0055] Preferably, the heater 8 is a duct-type electric heater, which is relatively small in size and can meet the demand for miniaturization.

[0056] In some embodiments of the present invention, the above also includes an energy utilization unit, which is respectively connected to the oxygen-enriched gasifier 3, the shift reactor 10 and the pressure swing adsorption device 12. The heat generated by the gasification of the oxygen-enriched gasifier 3 can be used to heat the exchange water, and the heat of the biomass gas reaction in the shift reactor 10 can be used to heat the exchange water, and the exchange water is transported to the energy utilization unit to be heated into water vapor. At the same time, the energy utilization unit is connected to the pressure swing adsorption device 12. Since the efficiency of CO conversion, pressure swing adsorption hydrogen extraction and other steps is not 100%, the mixed gas after separating the hydrogen still contains a certain amount of H2, CO and other combustible gases, and the overall calorific value is 5MJ / m 3 The mixed gas after separation of hydrogen is used as energy to heat the exchange water to obtain water vapor which can be circulated and transported to the oxygen-enriched gasification furnace 3 to react with the biomass fuel and can also be sold.

[0057] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference Figure 2The energy utilization unit includes a steam boiler 13, a gasifier jacket 14 and a heat exchanger 11. The steam boiler 13 is connected to the gas outlet end of the pressure swing adsorption device 12, and is used to receive and burn the mixed gas after separating the hydrogen, and use it as an energy source to burn and heat the hot water to prepare water vapor. In addition, the liquid inlet end of the steam boiler 13 is not only connected to the external liquid delivery pipeline, but also connected to the gasifier jacket 14 and the heat exchanger 11, so that the heat exchange water can be input into the steam boiler 13 for heating, and because the hot water output from the gasifier jacket 14 and the heat exchanger 11 is hot desalted water, it can avoid scale affecting the equipment and pipelines, and can effectively reduce the scale, save the floor space, and reduce the investment and production energy consumption; the gasifier jacket 14 is sleeved on the oxygen-enriched gasifier 3 and connected to the steam boiler 13. When the oxygen gasifier 3 is gasifying, the temperature is relatively high, and the gasifier jacket 14 is in direct contact with the furnace wall of the oxygen-enriched gasifier 3. The interior of the gasifier jacket 14 is hollow and is used to fill with hot water for heat exchange. On the one hand, the heat can be reused, and on the other hand, the oxygen-enriched gasifier 3 can be protected, and the water heated by the oxygen-enriched gasifier 3 is input into the steam boiler 13 through a pipeline; the heat exchanger 11 is connected between the shift reactor 10 and the pressure swing adsorption device 12. In the shift reactor 10, if the temperature of the mixed gas after the reaction is too high, it will affect the subsequent operation of the pressure swing adsorption device 12. The heat of the mixed gas is transferred to the hot water through the heat exchanger 11, and the water outlet interface of the heat exchanger 11 is connected to the steam boiler 13, so that the heat exchanged water can be input into the steam boiler 13.

[0058] Preferably, the steam output end of the steam boiler 13 is also connected to the air inlet of the oxygen-enriched gasifier 3. Specifically, the steam output from the steam boiler 13 and the oxygen output from the liquid oxygen storage tank 2 are mixed through the second pipeline mixer 18 and then input into the oxygen-enriched gasifier 3 for reaction.

[0059] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference Figure 2 The energy utilization unit also includes a heat exchange tube bundle 16, which is installed in the conversion reactor 10 and connected to the conversion reactor 10. Since the conversion reactor 10 releases a large amount of heat during reaction, the heat exchange tube bundle 16 can absorb the heat and heat the water in the heat exchange tube bundle 16 to obtain water vapor, and then the water vapor is input into the conversion reactor 10 to perform CO conversion reaction. The remaining can be transported to the energy utilization unit or sold to the outside, so that energy can be fully utilized. When the conversion reactor 10 is working, it will release heat and the temperature will reach 260-300°C. The water loaded in the heat exchange tube bundle 16 is heat exchanged to obtain water vapor, which is transported to the conversion reactor 10 through a pipeline, and can also be transported to the outside through a pipeline for sale.

[0060] Preferably, the steam output end of the steam boiler 13, the biomass gas output end of the desulfurization tower 9, and the steam output end of the heat exchange tube bundle 16 are all connected to the first pipeline mixed gas 17, and the output end of the first pipeline mixed gas 17 is connected to the input end of the conversion reactor 10, so as to input the mixed water vapor and biomass gas into the conversion reactor 10 for treatment.

[0061] In some embodiments of the present invention, the above also includes a raw material input unit, which includes a material preparation device 1, a liquid oxygen storage tank 2 and a water vapor inlet pipe 15. The material preparation device 1 is connected to the oxygen-enriched gasifier 3, and is used to introduce biomass raw materials into the oxygen-enriched gasifier 3. The biomass raw materials can be transported to the top of the oxygen-enriched gasifier 3 through a crusher and a conveyor belt connection; the liquid oxygen storage tank 2 is connected to the oxygen-enriched gasifier 3, and is used to input oxygen into the oxygen-enriched gasifier 3; both ends of the water vapor inlet pipe 15 are respectively connected to the energy utilization unit and the oxygen-enriched gasifier 3, and are used to input water vapor into the oxygen-enriched gasifier 3. Specifically, the water vapor inlet pipe 15 is connected to the water vapor outlet of the steam boiler 13.

[0062] Preferably, refer to Figure 2 The flue gas pipeline of the steam boiler 13 is connected to the material preparation device 1, and the high-temperature flue gas generated by the steam boiler 13 can be transported to the material preparation device 1 to dry the biomass fuel at high temperature.

[0063] The present invention also provides a miniaturized biomass oxygen-enriched gasification method for producing hydrogen, comprising the following steps:

[0064] Inputting biomass raw materials, oxygen and water vapor into the oxygen-enriched gasifier 3 to heat and generate biomass fuel gas;

[0065] The biomass gas is separated from tar and impurities by the purification unit and then input into the desulfurization tower 9 for desulfurization treatment;

[0066] The desulfurized biomass gas is input into the shift reactor 10 for reaction to obtain a mixed gas;

[0067] The mixed gas passes through the pressure swing adsorption device 12 to separate hydrogen from the mixed gas.

[0068] In some embodiments of the present invention, the desulfurization pressure is 1-1.5 MPa, the temperature is 180-280° C., and the adsorbent includes zinc oxide and / or iron oxide.

[0069] In some embodiments of the present invention, the desulfurized biomass gas is input into the shift reactor 10 and reacts at 260-300° C. under the action of a copper-based catalyst.

[0070] Preferably, the ratio of the above biomass fuel to oxygen and water vapor is 1000kg: 200-300Nm 3 : 200~300kg.

[0071] Preferably, the temperature of the biomass gas generated is 1000-1200°C.

[0072] Preferably, each ton of biomass fuel can generate 1000-1200 Nm 3 Biomass gas.

[0073] Preferably, after the mixed gas is adsorbed by the pressure swing adsorption device 12, the temperature is ≤40°C and the pressure is 1.0-1.5MPa.

[0074] Preferably, the above-mentioned desulfurizing agent includes zinc oxide and / or iron oxide.

[0075] Example 1

[0076] A small-scale biomass oxygen-enriched gasification method for producing hydrogen comprises the following steps:

[0077] Inputting biomass raw materials, oxygen and water vapor into the oxygen-enriched gasifier 3 to heat and generate biomass fuel gas;

[0078] The biomass gas passes through the rough purification device 4, the water washing tower 5, the filter tank 6 and the compressor 7 in sequence to separate the tar and impurities, and the pressure is adjusted to 1.5MPa by the compressor 7, and is input into the heater 8 to heat to 260°C, and then sent to the desulfurization tower 9 for desulfurization treatment;

[0079] The desulfurized biomass gas is input into the shift reactor 10, where it reacts at 310°C under the action of a catalyst to obtain a mixed gas;

[0080] After the mixed gas passes through the heat exchanger 11 for heat exchange, it is input into the pressure swing adsorption device 12 for adsorption and separation of hydrogen;

[0081] The heat exchange water from the gasifier jacket 14 and the heat exchanger 11 is input into the steam boiler 13, and the dehydrogenated mixed gas is input into the steam boiler 13 as fuel to heat the heat exchange water. The heated water vapor is returned to the oxygen-enriched gasifier 3 to participate in the gasification reaction and the shift reactor 10 to participate in the shift reaction. The hot flue gas is input into the material preparation device 1 to dry the biomass raw material.

[0082] This process is combined with a hydrogen production system to produce hydrogen. The various consumptions of 1 ton of biomass fuel with a low calorific value of 16.70 MJ / kg after being processed by this process are shown in Table 1.

[0083] Table 1

[0084]

[0085]

[0086] Example 2

[0087] A small-scale biomass oxygen-enriched gasification method for producing hydrogen comprises the following steps:

[0088] Inputting biomass raw materials, oxygen and water vapor into the oxygen-enriched gasifier 3 to heat and generate biomass fuel gas;

[0089] The biomass gas passes through the rough purification device 4, the water washing tower 5, the filter tank 6 and the compressor 7 in sequence to separate the tar and impurities, and the pressure is adjusted to 1.0MPa by the compressor 7, and is input into the heater 8 to heat to 200°C, and then sent to the desulfurization tower 9 for desulfurization treatment;

[0090] The desulfurized biomass gas is input into the shift reactor 10, where it reacts at 260°C under the action of a catalyst to obtain a mixed gas;

[0091] After the mixed gas passes through the heat exchanger 11 for heat exchange, it is input into the pressure swing adsorption device 12 for adsorption and separation of hydrogen;

[0092] The heat exchange water from the gasifier jacket 14 and the heat exchanger 11 is input into the steam boiler 13, and the dehydrogenated mixed gas is input into the steam boiler 13 as fuel to heat the heat exchange water. The heated water vapor is returned to the oxygen-enriched gasifier 3 to participate in the gasification reaction and the shift reactor 10 to participate in the shift reaction. The hot flue gas is input into the material preparation device 1 to dry the biomass raw material.

[0093] This process is combined with a hydrogen production system to produce hydrogen. The various consumptions of 1 ton of biomass fuel with a low calorific value of 16.70 MJ / kg after being processed by this process are shown in Table 2.

[0094] Table 2

[0095]

[0096] Example 3

[0097] A small-scale biomass oxygen-enriched gasification method for producing hydrogen comprises the following steps:

[0098] Inputting biomass raw materials, oxygen and water vapor into the oxygen-enriched gasifier 3 to heat and generate biomass fuel gas;

[0099] The biomass gas passes through the rough purification device 4, the water washing tower 5, the filter tank 6 and the compressor 7 in sequence to separate the tar and impurities, and the pressure is adjusted to 1.2MPa by the compressor 7, and is input into the heater 8 to be heated to 240°C, and then sent to the desulfurization tower 9 for desulfurization treatment;

[0100] The desulfurized biomass gas is input into the shift reactor 10, where it reacts at 290°C under the action of a catalyst to obtain a mixed gas;

[0101] After the mixed gas passes through the heat exchanger 11 for heat exchange, it is input into the pressure swing adsorption device 12 for adsorption and separation of hydrogen;

[0102] The heat exchange water from the gasifier jacket 14 and the heat exchanger 11 is input into the steam boiler 13, and the dehydrogenated mixed gas is input into the steam boiler 13 as fuel to heat the heat exchange water. The heated water vapor is returned to the oxygen-enriched gasifier 3 to participate in the gasification reaction and the shift reactor 10 to participate in the shift reaction. The hot flue gas is input into the material preparation device 1 to dry the biomass raw material.

[0103] This process is combined with a hydrogen production system to produce hydrogen. The various consumptions of 1 ton of biomass fuel with a low calorific value of 16.70 MJ / kg after being processed by this process are shown in Table 3.

[0104] Table 3

[0105]

[0106] In summary, the present invention prepares biomass fuel gas with CO, CO2 and H2 as main components from biomass raw materials in an oxygen-enriched gasifier, removes tar and impurities in the biomass fuel gas through a purification unit, and undergoes desulfurization treatment. The obtained biomass fuel gas undergoes a CO conversion reaction in a conversion reactor, so that CO reacts with H2O to increase the hydrogen production, and then hydrogen is adsorbed and separated by a pressure swing adsorption device.

[0107] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A miniaturized biomass oxygen-enriched gasification hydrogen production system, characterized in that: include An oxygen-enriched gasifier is used to receive biomass raw materials, oxygen and water vapor to prepare biomass fuel gas; A purification unit, connected to the gas outlet of the oxygen-enriched gasifier, for removing tar and impurities from the biomass gas; A desulfurization tower, connected to the gas outlet of the purification unit, for desulfurizing the biomass gas; A shift reactor, connected to the gas outlet of the desulfurization tower, for accommodating the biomass gas reaction to generate a mixed gas; A pressure swing adsorption device is connected to the gas outlet of the shift reactor and is used to separate hydrogen from the mixed gas.

2. A miniaturized biomass oxygen-enriched gasification hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The purification unit includes a rough purification device, a water washing tower, a filter tank and a compressor. The air inlet end of the rough purification device is connected to the air outlet end of the oxygen-enriched gasification furnace; The air inlet end of the water scrubber is connected to the air outlet end of the rough purification device; The air inlet end of the filter tank is connected to the air outlet end of the water washing tower; The air inlet end of the compressor is connected to the air outlet end of the filter tank, and the air outlet end is connected to the air inlet end of the desulfurization tower.

3. A miniaturized biomass oxygen-enriched gasification hydrogen production system according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a heater, which is connected between the air outlet of the compressor and the air inlet of the desulfurization tower and is used to heat the biomass fuel gas to a desulfurization temperature.

4. A miniaturized biomass oxygen-enriched gasification hydrogen production system according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes an energy utilization unit, which is respectively connected to the oxygen-enriched gasification furnace, the shift reactor and the pressure swing adsorption device, and is used for receiving and heating hot water.

5. A miniaturized biomass oxygen-enriched gasification hydrogen production system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The energy utilization unit includes a steam boiler, a gasifier jacket and a heat exchanger. The steam boiler is connected to the gas outlet of the pressure swing adsorption device to receive and burn the mixed gas after hydrogen is separated; The gasifier jacket is sleeved on the oxygen-enriched gasifier and connected to the steam boiler to input water heated by the oxygen-enriched gasifier into the steam boiler; The heat exchanger is connected between the shift reactor and the pressure swing adsorption device, and the heat exchanger is connected to the steam boiler to adjust the temperature of the mixed gas and to input heat exchange water into the steam boiler.

6. A miniaturized biomass oxygen-enriched gasification hydrogen production system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The energy utilization unit further comprises a heat exchange tube bundle, which is installed in the shift reactor and connected to the shift reactor for heating water to generate steam and inputting the steam into the shift reactor.

7. A miniaturized biomass oxygen-enriched gasification hydrogen production system according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a raw material input unit, which includes a material preparation device, a liquid oxygen storage tank and a water vapor intake pipe. The material preparation device is connected to the oxygen-enriched gasification furnace and is used to introduce biomass raw materials into the oxygen-enriched gasification furnace; The liquid oxygen storage tank is connected to the oxygen-enriched gasification furnace to input oxygen into the oxygen-enriched gasification furnace; The two ends of the water vapor inlet pipe are respectively connected to the energy utilization unit and the oxygen-enriched gasification furnace, so as to input water vapor into the oxygen-enriched gasification furnace.

8. A small-scale biomass oxygen-enriched gasification method for producing hydrogen, characterized in that: Working with the hydrogen production system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the following steps: Inputting biomass raw materials, oxygen and water vapor into the oxygen-enriched gasifier to heat and generate biomass fuel gas; The biomass gas is separated from tar and impurities by the purification unit and then input into the desulfurization tower for desulfurization treatment; The desulfurized biomass gas is input into a shift reactor for reaction to obtain a mixed gas; The mixed gas is adsorbed and separated into hydrogen through a pressure swing adsorption device.

9. A small-scale biomass oxygen-enriched gasification hydrogen production method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The desulfurization pressure is 1-1.5 MPa, the temperature is 180-280° C., and the adsorbent includes zinc oxide and / or iron oxide.

10. A small-scale biomass oxygen-enriched gasification hydrogen production method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The desulfurized biomass gas is input into the shift reactor and reacts at 260-300° C. under the action of a copper-based catalyst.

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