Fabricated vertical shaft leakage-proof and anti-seepage structure and construction method
By setting up gravity balance structure and arch bottom plate at the top of the shaft, the leakage problem caused by high pressure water is solved, and the stability and anti-floating effect of the shaft during the life cycle is achieved, reducing the tension and soil pressure caused by the well wall. The risk of leakage saves engineering costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202310783404.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-06-28
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-31
AI Technical Summary
In the development of deep underground space, the leakage of underground structures caused by high pressure water is difficult to overcome. The existing vertical shaft anti-floating structure is prone to pulling off the well wall due to changes in buoyancy during the life cycle, causing leakage.
The prefabricated vertical shaft is equipped with leakage-proof and anti-seepage structure, including gravity balance structure and arched bottom plate. The gravity balance structure is set at the top of the shaft, and the well wall is connected by pressing the top beam and anchoring. The well sleeve and anti-pile-pulling or balanced counterweight are poured by concrete. , a horizontal boss is provided on the upper part of the well sleeve to adjust the buoyancy balance.
It effectively avoids the pull-off problem of the anti-floating structure when it is in the lower part of the vertical shaft, keeps the well wall always under pressure, reduces the risk of leakage, and prevents cracks caused by transverse soil pressure through the arched bottom plate, saving engineering expenses.
Smart Images
Figure CN119221936A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the field of underground construction engineering and machinery manufacturing, and specifically relates to an assembled vertical shaft anti-leakage and anti-seepage structure and a construction method. Background Art
[0002] When developing deep underground space, leakage of underground structures caused by high underground pressure water has always been a difficult problem to overcome during construction. Since high pressure water will generate a large buoyancy on the shaft, anti-buoyancy must be applied to the shaft through a fixed structure during shaft construction to ensure that the shaft will not destroy the spatial structure due to floating. In actual operation, the amount of groundwater is not constant, and the buoyancy also changes intermittently. In order to effectively counteract the buoyancy, the design of the anti-buoyancy structure is generally aimed at the larger value of the buoyancy change value. The existing shaft anti-buoyancy structure is set at the bottom of the shaft. After the construction is completed, the anti-buoyancy structure applies a downward pulling force to the shaft body throughout the life cycle of the shaft body. Since the wellhead position is fixed, when the amount of groundwater changes, the water volume decreases, and the buoyancy changes, the pulling force and buoyancy are not completely offset, the shaft is subjected to a large pulling force, and the shaft wall is prone to pull-off, cracking, and leakage in the shaft space. Summary of the invention
[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an assembled vertical shaft anti-leakage and anti-seepage structure and a construction method thereof.
[0004] To solve the above problems, the main technical solution of the present invention is to provide an assembled vertical shaft anti-leakage and anti-seepage structure, including a gravity balance structure and an arched vertical shaft bottom plate. The gravity balance structure is arranged at the top of the vertical shaft, and the vertical shaft wall is connected to each other through a top beam and an anchoring of the gravity balance structure.
[0005] Preferably, the gravity balance structure includes a shaft casing mounted on the outer side of the shaft opening, and pull-out piles and / or balancing weights fixedly connected to the shaft casing; the shaft casing extends downwardly along the outer wall of the shaft opening and is anchored to the outer wall of the shaft through a capping beam.
[0006] Preferably, the shaft casing and the balancing weight are both cast in concrete.
[0007] Preferably, a horizontal boss is provided on the upper portion of the shaft casing extending outwardly along the radial circumference.
[0008] Preferably, when the assembled vertical shaft anti-leakage and anti-seepage structure includes pull-out piles, the horizontal boss of the vertical shaft casing is cast on the pile head of the pull-out pile, and the vertical shaft casing is connected to the pull-out pile by a cast-in-place reinforced concrete capping ring beam.
[0009] Preferably, when the gravity balancing structure is provided with a balancing weight, the balancing weight is either arranged on the horizontal boss of the shaft casing and cast with the top of the horizontal boss of the shaft casing, or arranged on the outer circumference of the horizontal boss and connected with the horizontal boss by casting.
[0010] Preferably, a plurality of pull-out piles are provided and evenly distributed around the outer circumference of the shaft.
[0011] A construction method for an assembled vertical shaft anti-leakage and anti-seepage structure, the anti-leakage and anti-seepage structure comprising an arched vertical shaft bottom plate and a gravity balancing device of the assembled vertical shaft anti-leakage and anti-seepage structure. During construction, the vertical shaft is first sunk to the bottom, the gravity balancing device is anchored to the vertical shaft, and then the vertical shaft bottom plate is sealed. The shaft bottom plate adopts an arched vertical shaft bottom plate.
[0012] As a preferred construction method, the anti-leakage and anti-seepage structure includes the shaft casing, anti-pullout piles and / or balancing weights of the above-mentioned assembled shaft anti-leakage and anti-seepage structure, the shaft casing is provided with a horizontal boss extending outward in the circumferential direction, the shaft casing and the balancing weight are both cast with concrete, and when the shaft is subjected to a large buoyancy, the construction steps are as follows:
[0013] S1 After the shaft is sunk to the bottom, a certain number of anti-floating piles are driven around the shaft according to the buoyancy of the shaft, with the heads of the anti-floating piles protruding from the ground;
[0014] S2 excavates a shaft casing groove around the shaft opening, casts the shaft casing, and connects the shaft casing with the anti-pullout piles through a cast-in-place reinforced concrete capping ring beam;
[0015] The casing of the S3 shaft is connected to the shaft wall by anchoring through a capping beam;
[0016] After S4 connection is completed, check the buoyancy of the shaft. If the shaft is still subject to upward buoyancy, cast a balancing weight on the upper part of the horizontal boss of the shaft casing after calculation;
[0017] S5 checks the buoyancy and gravity balance structure of the shaft and when it reaches force balance in the vertical state, detects the horizontal force of the shaft, adjusts the curvature of the shaft bottom plate according to the lateral force after calculation, and casts the arched shaft bottom plate.
[0018] As a preferred construction method, the anti-leakage and anti-seepage structure includes the shaft casing, anti-pullout piles and / or balancing weights of the above-mentioned assembled shaft anti-leakage and anti-seepage structure, the shaft casing is provided with a horizontal boss extending outward in the circumferential direction, the shaft casing and the balancing weight are both cast with concrete, and when the shaft is subjected to a small buoyancy, the construction steps are as follows:
[0019] After the vertical shaft is sunk to the bottom, S1 excavates the shaft casing groove around the shaft opening and casts the shaft casing;
[0020] S2 According to the buoyancy of the shaft, a balancing weight is cast on the upper part of the horizontal boss of the shaft casing or on the circumferential extension;
[0021] The casing of the S3 shaft is connected to the shaft wall by anchoring through a capping beam;
[0022] S4 checks the buoyancy and gravity balance structure of the shaft and when it reaches force balance in the vertical state, detects the horizontal force of the shaft, adjusts the curvature of the shaft bottom plate according to the lateral force after calculation, and casts the arched shaft bottom plate.
[0023] The present invention provides three beneficial effects:
[0024] 1) By setting the anti-floating structure at the upper part of the shaft, the vertical direction of the shaft is under pressure throughout its entire life cycle, thereby effectively avoiding the situation where the anti-floating structure is set at the lower part of the shaft and is pulled off the shaft wall to cause leakage.
[0025] 2) The use of an arched bottom plate ensures that the shaft is always under outward pressure in the horizontal direction, making it less likely for the shaft wall to crack due to lateral soil pressure, resulting in leakage.
[0026] 3) Traditional vertical shafts are prone to tilting during caisson caisson, which may lead to safety accidents. In order to avoid sudden sinking and tilting of the vertical shaft, the applicant has invented a new caisson method, as disclosed in the invention patent with patent application number 202310379134.8. When the vertical shaft is caissoned, a well casing and a balancing device arranged on the well casing are used to ensure the verticality of the sinking position of the vertical shaft. After the construction of this method is completed, a well casing device is left at the wellhead. When the present invention is used in conjunction with a new caisson method, the existing structure can be effectively utilized to save engineering expenses. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0027] Figure 1 It is a structural cross-sectional view of Example 1 of the present invention.
[0028] Among them, 1. gravity balance structure, 2. shaft wall, 3. shaft bottom plate, 4. shaft casing, 5. balance weight, 6. pull-out piles. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0029] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0030] Example 1: Pull-out piles and balancing weights
[0031] like Figure 1As shown, an assembled vertical shaft anti-leakage and anti-seepage structure includes a gravity balance structure 1 and an arched vertical shaft bottom plate 3. The gravity balance structure 1 is arranged at the top of the vertical shaft, and the vertical shaft wall 2 is connected to the gravity balance structure 1 by anchoring. The gravity balance structure 1 includes a vertical shaft casing 4 sleeved on the outer side of the vertical shaft mouth, and an anti-pullout pile 6 and a balance seed 5 fixedly connected to the vertical shaft casing 4; the vertical shaft casing 4 extends downward along the outer wall of the vertical shaft mouth and is anchored to the outer wall of the vertical shaft by the top pressure beam. The vertical shaft casing 4 and the balance seed 5 are both cast with concrete. The upper part of the vertical shaft casing 4 is provided with a horizontal boss extending outward along the radial circumference. When the assembled vertical shaft anti-leakage and anti-seepage structure includes an anti-pullout pile 6, the horizontal boss of the vertical shaft casing 4 is cast on the pile head of the anti-pullout pile 6, and the vertical shaft casing 4 is connected to the anti-pullout pile 6 by a cast-in-place reinforced concrete top pressure ring beam. When the gravity balance structure 1 is provided with a balance seed 5, the balance seed 5 is either provided on the horizontal boss of the shaft casing 4 and cast with the horizontal boss of the shaft casing 4, or provided on the outer circumference of the horizontal boss and connected with the horizontal boss by casting. Six pull-out piles 6 are provided and evenly arranged on the outer circumference of the shaft. Since the pile head is cast in the concrete of the balance seed 5, Figure 1 Not reflected in.
[0032] In actual operation, the buoyancy of the shaft is large most of the time. When only the balanced seeding 5 is used, the balanced seeding 5 occupies a large space at the upper end of the shaft in height or width. In order to save space, it is preferred to use the pull-out piles 6. The number of pull-out piles 6 is calculated according to the buoyancy conditions and is evenly arranged around the shaft. When the forces are almost balanced, the balanced seeding 5 can be used for fine-tuning to make the shaft reach the target anti-buoyancy.
[0033] Example 2: Using only pull-out piles
[0034] The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that in Example 2, since the buoyancy and the pull-out piles 6 can be well neutralized, there is no need for a balanced seeding 5, and therefore only the well casing and the pull-out piles 6 are used as the anti-floating and anti-seepage structure.
[0035] Example 3 Using only balancing weights
[0036] The difference between Example 3 and Example 1 is that the vertical shaft in Example 3 is subject to less buoyancy, and anti-floating can be well achieved only by the balanced seeding 5, without the need for anti-pullout piles 6. Therefore, only the well casing and the balanced seeding 5 are used as the anti-floating and anti-seepage structure.
[0037] Example 4 Construction method
[0038] A construction method for an assembled vertical shaft anti-leakage and anti-seepage structure, the anti-leakage and anti-seepage structure comprising the arched vertical shaft bottom plate 3 and a gravity balancing device of the assembled vertical shaft anti-leakage and anti-seepage structure. During construction, the vertical shaft is first sunk to the bottom, the gravity balancing device is anchored to the vertical shaft, and then the vertical shaft bottom plate 3 is sealed. The shaft bottom plate adopts the arched vertical shaft bottom plate 3.
[0039] The shaft casing 4 is provided with a horizontal boss extending outward in the circumferential direction. The shaft casing 4 and the balance seed 5 are both cast with concrete. When the shaft is subjected to a large buoyancy, the construction steps are as follows:
[0040] S1 After the shaft is sunk to the bottom, a certain number of anti-floating piles are driven around the shaft according to the buoyancy of the shaft, with the heads of the anti-floating piles protruding from the ground;
[0041] S2 digs a shaft casing 4 groove around the shaft mouth, casts the shaft casing 4, and the horizontal boss extending outward from the shaft casing 4 is connected to the pull-out pile 6 through a cast-in-place reinforced concrete capping ring beam;
[0042] The S3 shaft casing 4 is anchored and connected to the shaft wall 2 through a capping beam;
[0043] After S4 is connected, check the buoyancy of the shaft. If the shaft is still subject to upward buoyancy, after calculation, cast the balance seed 5 on the upper part of the horizontal boss of the shaft casing 4;
[0044] S5 checks that when the buoyancy and gravity balance structure 1 of the shaft reaches force balance in the vertical state, the horizontal force of the shaft is detected, and after calculation, the curvature of the shaft bottom plate 3 is adjusted according to the lateral force, and the arched shaft bottom plate 3 is cast.
[0045] The shaft casing 4 is provided with a horizontal boss extending outward in the circumferential direction. The shaft casing 4 and the balance seed 5 are both cast with concrete. When the shaft is subjected to a small buoyancy, the construction steps are as follows:
[0046] After the vertical shaft is sunk to the bottom, S1 digs a vertical shaft casing 4 groove around the vertical shaft opening and casts the vertical shaft casing 4;
[0047] S2, according to the buoyancy of the shaft, cast a balanced seed 5 on the upper part of the horizontal boss of the shaft casing 4 or in the circumferential extension;
[0048] The S3 shaft casing 4 is anchored and connected to the shaft wall 2 through a capping beam;
[0049] S4 checks that when the buoyancy and gravity balance structure 1 of the shaft reaches force balance in the vertical state, the horizontal force of the shaft is detected, and after calculation, the curvature of the shaft bottom plate 3 is adjusted according to the lateral force, and the arched shaft bottom plate 3 is cast.
[0050] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned optimal implementation mode. Anyone can derive other various forms of products under the inspiration of the present invention. However, no matter what changes are made in the shape or structure, all technical solutions that are the same or similar to those of the present application fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. An assembled vertical shaft anti-leakage and anti-seepage structure, characterized in that: It comprises a gravity balance structure (1) and an arched shaft bottom plate (3); the gravity balance structure (1) is arranged at the top of the shaft, and the shaft wall (2) is connected to the gravity balance structure (1) by anchoring the top beam.
2. The assembled vertical shaft anti-leakage and anti-seepage structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The gravity balance structure (1) comprises a shaft casing (4) sleeved on the outer side of the shaft opening, and anti-pullout piles (6) and / or balancing weights (5) fixedly connected to the shaft casing (4); the shaft casing (4) extends downwardly along the outer wall of the shaft opening and is anchored to the outer wall of the shaft via a capping beam.
3. The assembled vertical shaft anti-leakage and anti-seepage structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The shaft casing (4) and the balancing weight (5) are both cast in concrete.
4. The assembled vertical shaft anti-leakage and anti-seepage structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The upper part of the vertical shaft casing (4) is provided with a horizontal boss extending outward along the radial circumference.
5. The assembled vertical shaft anti-leakage and anti-seepage structure according to claim 4 is characterized in that: When the assembled vertical shaft anti-leakage and anti-seepage structure includes an anti-pullout pile (6), the horizontal boss of the vertical shaft casing (4) is cast on the pile head of the anti-pullout pile (6), and the vertical shaft casing (4) is connected to the anti-pullout pile (6) through a cast-in-place reinforced concrete capping ring beam.
6. The assembled vertical shaft anti-leakage and anti-seepage structure according to claim 4 is characterized in that: When the gravity balancing structure (1) is provided with a balancing weight (5), the balancing weight (5) is either arranged on the horizontal boss of the shaft casing (4) and cast with the top of the horizontal boss of the shaft casing (4), or is arranged on the outer circumference of the horizontal boss and connected with the horizontal boss by casting.
7. The assembled vertical shaft anti-leakage and anti-seepage structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A plurality of anti-pulling piles (6) are provided and are evenly distributed in the outer circumference of the shaft.
8. A construction method for an assembled vertical shaft anti-leakage and anti-seepage structure, characterized in that: The anti-leakage and anti-seepage structure comprises the arched shaft bottom plate (3) and the gravity balance device described in claim 1. During construction, the shaft is first sunk to the bottom, the gravity balance device is anchored to the shaft, and then the shaft bottom plate (3) is sealed. The shaft bottom plate adopts the arched shaft bottom plate (3).
9. The construction method of the assembled vertical shaft anti-leakage and anti-seepage structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The anti-leakage and anti-seepage structure comprises the shaft casing (4), anti-lift piles (6) and / or balancing weights (5) of claim 4, wherein the shaft casing (4) is provided with a horizontal boss extending outward in the circumferential direction, and the shaft casing (4) and the balancing weights (5) are both cast with concrete. When the shaft is subjected to a large buoyancy, the construction steps are as follows: S1. After the shaft is sunk to the bottom, a certain number of anti-floating piles are driven around the shaft according to the buoyancy of the shaft, and the heads of the anti-floating piles protrude from the ground; S2: excavating a shaft casing (4) groove around the shaft opening, casting the shaft casing (4), and connecting the shaft casing (4) with the anti-pull pile (6) through a cast-in-place reinforced concrete capping ring beam; The casing (4) of the S3 vertical shaft is anchored and connected to the wall (2) of the vertical shaft via a capping beam; After S4 is connected, check the buoyancy of the shaft. If the shaft is still subject to upward buoyancy, after calculation, cast a balancing weight (5) on the upper part of the horizontal boss of the shaft casing (4); S5 checks that when the buoyancy and gravity balance structure (1) of the shaft reaches a force balance in the vertical state, the horizontal force of the shaft is detected, and after calculation, the curvature of the shaft bottom plate (3) is adjusted according to the lateral force, and the arched shaft bottom plate (3) is cast.
10. The construction method of the assembled vertical shaft anti-leakage and anti-seepage structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The anti-leakage and anti-seepage structure comprises the shaft casing (4), anti-pulling piles (6) and / or balancing weights (5) in claim 4, wherein the shaft casing (4) is provided with a horizontal boss extending outward in the circumferential direction, and the shaft casing (4) and the balancing weights (5) are both cast with concrete. When the shaft is subjected to a small buoyancy, the construction steps are as follows: S1. After the shaft is sunk to the bottom, a shaft casing groove is excavated around the shaft opening, and the shaft casing (4) is cast; S2: According to the buoyancy of the shaft, a balancing weight (5) is cast on the upper part of the horizontal boss of the shaft casing (4) or in the circumferential extension direction; The casing (4) of the S3 vertical shaft is anchored and connected to the wall (2) of the vertical shaft via a capping beam; S4 checks that when the buoyancy and gravity balance structure (1) of the shaft reaches a force balance in the vertical state, detects the horizontal force of the shaft, and after calculation, adjusts the curvature of the shaft bottom plate (3) according to the lateral force, and casts the arched shaft bottom plate (3).