System suitable for active sweating cooling ground test and working method

Abstract

The invention provides a system suitable for an active sweating cooling ground test, which comprises a gas cylinder, a low-temperature storage box, a normal-temperature storage box, a liquid storage box, a microbalance, a high-frequency electromagnetic valve, a safety valve, a regulating valve, a pressure reducing valve, an electromagnetic valve, a capacitive liquid level meter, a servo pump, a heat exchanger, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a normal-temperature flow meter, a low-temperature flow meter and a gas flow meter, and a control computer and an infrared point temperature instrument. According to the system, the adjustment and accurate measurement of the type, pressure, temperature and mass flow of a test working medium are realized, and different active sweating cooling test working conditions and test requirements can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of thermal control and thermal protection testing, and in particular relates to a system and a working method suitable for active sweating cooling ground testing. Background Art

[0002] Active sweating cooling is a technology that uses porous media as carriers and working fluids to cool heated surfaces. It has the advantages of high cooling efficiency and convenient regulation. However, there are many factors that affect its cooling efficiency, including external heat flow, the characteristics of the porous structure itself, working fluid characteristics and working fluid flow rate. These factors are coupled with each other, which increases the difficulty of designing and developing active sweating cooling ground test systems. At present, the existing test system only regulates a single working fluid at a fixed mass or pressure, and the control and data acquisition accuracy are poor. At the same time, it does not achieve the regulation and control of multiple influencing factors, that is, it is impossible to assess the coupling effect of multiple factors.

[0003] Therefore, in order to study the influence of different factors on the efficiency of transpiration cooling and its detailed heat transfer mechanism characteristics, it is necessary to establish a high-precision active transpiration cooling ground test system that can adjust multiple parameters and adapt to different test environments. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing active sweating cooling test system, and to provide a test system and working method that can realize multi-parameter control and adapt to different test environments, so that the test system can accurately adjust and measure the type of working fluid, temperature, flow rate and liquid supply pressure to adapt to the needs of different test environments and test conditions.

[0005] The present invention provides a system suitable for active sweating cooling ground test, which comprises: a gas cylinder, a low-temperature storage tank, a normal-temperature storage tank, a liquid storage tank, a microbalance, a high-frequency electromagnetic valve, a safety valve, a regulating valve, a pressure reducing valve, an electromagnetic valve, a capacitive liquid level meter, a servo pump, a heat exchanger, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a normal-temperature flow meter, a low-temperature flow meter, a gas flow meter, a control computer, and an infrared spot thermometer.

[0006] Among them, the gas cylinder is used to store gaseous test fluids and to pressurize low-temperature storage tanks, normal temperature storage tanks and liquid storage tanks, or directly provide test fluids for the test system. Suitable fluids can be stored according to actual test requirements.

[0007] The cryogenic storage tank is used to store low-temperature test fluids, directly provide test fluids for the test system, or provide cooling medium for the heat exchanger on the gas path. Suitable fluids can be stored according to actual test requirements.

[0008] The normal temperature storage tank is used to store normal temperature test fluids, and can store appropriate fluids according to actual test requirements.

[0009] The liquid storage tank is cylindrical in shape and is used to store test fluids at room temperature. It is connected to external pipelines with a hose to eliminate the influence of hard pipes on balance measurement and is installed on a microbalance.

[0010] A microbalance is used to measure the weight change of the working fluid in the tank.

[0011] The high-frequency solenoid valve is used to control the on and off of the test fluid, with a response time of less than 0.5ms, and is installed on the pipeline.

[0012] The safety valve is used to protect the safety of the storage tank and the device. It opens when the pressure in the air cushion area of ​​the storage tank is greater than the set safety pressure. It is installed on the upper head pipeline of the normal temperature storage tank or the low temperature storage tank.

[0013] The regulating valve is used to adjust the valve opening to control the flow of low-temperature medium to the heat exchanger. It is installed on the pipeline between the low-temperature storage tank and the heat exchanger.

[0014] The pressure reducing valve is used to reduce the gas supply pressure of the gas cylinder to the test requirement value and is installed on the gas supply pipeline of the gas cylinder.

[0015] The solenoid valve is used to control the on and off of the test fluid and is installed on the pipeline.

[0016] The capacitive level meter is used to measure the liquid height in the tank and is installed inside the tank.

[0017] The servo pump is used to control the flow rate of the test medium and is installed on the pipeline.

[0018] The heat exchanger is an integrated heat exchange lightweight structure integrating the gas flow area and the liquid flow area. The gas flow area is a lattice sandwich structure with thermal insulation material wrapped around the structure. The gas inlet and outlet are installed on the gas pipeline, the liquid inlet is installed on the liquid pipeline, and the liquid outlet is a discharge port.

[0019] Pressure sensors are used to measure the pressure inside pipelines and tanks and are installed on tanks and pipelines.

[0020] The temperature sensor is used to measure the temperature of the working fluid in the pipeline and is installed on the pipeline.

[0021] The cryogenic flow meter is used to measure the mass flow of cryogenic working fluid and is installed on the cryogenic working fluid pipeline.

[0022] The normal temperature flow meter is used to measure the mass flow rate of normal temperature working fluid and is installed on the normal temperature working fluid pipeline.

[0023] The gas flow meter is used to measure the mass flow of gas working fluid and is installed on the gas working fluid pipeline.

[0024] The control computer is used to collect all temperature, pressure, flow and other data, and control components such as pumps and valves according to the test conditions.

[0025] Infrared point thermometer is used to measure the surface temperature of a certain point in the test project of the test piece, and can penetrate the flame and other high-temperature heat sources for measurement.

[0026] The present invention also provides a working method of a test system capable of realizing multi-parameter control and adapting to different test environments, including five paths:

[0027] Path 1: Flow path of constant pressure mode of working fluid at normal temperature;

[0028] Path 2: Constant flow rate mode (flow rate ≥ 0.3g / s) for normal temperature working fluid. This mode is suitable for medium / large test pieces;

[0029] Path 3: Constant flow mode (flow rate < 0.3 g / s) for normal temperature working fluid. This mode is suitable for small test pieces or low heat flow conditions.

[0030] Path 4: Flow path of cryogenic working fluid in constant pressure mode;

[0031] Path 5: Flow path of the gas working fluid in constant temperature and constant pressure mode.

[0032] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0033] 1. The present invention realizes the regulation and accurate measurement of the type, pressure, temperature and mass flow of the test fluid, and can meet the requirements of different active sweating cooling test conditions and test conditions, such as gas jet test bench, arc wind tunnel and quartz lamp array heater;

[0034] 2. The present invention uses a microbalance to achieve high-precision measurement of small mass flow, which can meet the test conditions of small test pieces and low heat flux density;

[0035] 3. The present invention realizes the adjustment of the type of test working fluid. The test working fluid can be selected from normal temperature working fluid, low temperature working fluid and gas working fluid, which can meet the needs of active cooling of different media;

[0036] 4. The present invention utilizes an integrated heat exchange structure to achieve temperature control of the gas test fluid, with a temperature control range of 80K to 300K, which can meet the requirements of actively cooling the temperatures of different gas fluids. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention:

[0038] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the system structure and principle applicable to the active sweating cooling ground test according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a water storage tank and a microbalance according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 This is an integrated heat exchanger structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Among them: 1-gas cylinder, 2-low temperature storage tank, 3-normal temperature storage tank, 4-liquid storage tank, 5-micro balance, 6-high frequency solenoid valve, 7-safety valve, 8-regulating valve, 9-pressure reducing valve, 10-solenoid valve, 11-capacitive level gauge, 12-servo pump, 13-heat exchanger, 14-pressure sensor, 15-temperature sensor, 16-normal temperature flow meter, 17-low temperature flow meter, 18-gas flow meter, 19-control computer, 20-infrared spot thermometer DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] This embodiment provides a system suitable for active sweating cooling ground test, and its composition diagram is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the system includes: a gas cylinder 1, a low-temperature storage tank 2, a normal temperature storage tank 3, a liquid storage tank 4, a microbalance 5, high-frequency electromagnetic valves WAF1~WAF3, safety valves QF1~QF2, a regulating valve 8, a pressure reducing valve TF1~TF2, an electromagnetic valve AF1~AF2, a capacitive liquid level meter DP1~DP2, a servo pump 12, a heat exchanger 13, a pressure sensor 14, a temperature sensor 15, a normal temperature flow meter 16, a low temperature flow meter 17, a gas flow meter 18, a control computer 19, and an infrared spot thermometer 20.

[0044] Gas cylinder: stores gaseous test fluids, such as oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and air, and can provide a gas source pressure of ≮10MPa. It is used to pressurize low-temperature storage tanks, normal temperature storage tanks and liquid storage tanks, or directly provide test fluids for the test system. Suitable fluids can be stored according to actual test requirements.

[0045] Cryogenic storage tank: stores low-temperature test fluids, such as liquid oxygen, liquid nitrogen, liquid ammonia, etc., directly provides test fluids for the test system, or provides cooling medium for the heat exchanger on the gas path. Suitable working fluids can be stored according to actual test requirements.

[0046] Normal temperature storage tank: It is used to store normal temperature test fluids, such as water, etc. Appropriate fluids can be stored according to actual test requirements.

[0047] Liquid storage tank: It is cylindrical in shape and is used to store test fluid at room temperature. It is connected to the external pipeline with a hose to eliminate the influence of hard pipes on balance measurement and is installed on the microbalance.

[0048] Microbalance: measures the weight change of the working fluid in the liquid storage tank with an accuracy of less than 0.1 mg.

[0049] High-frequency solenoid valve: controls the on and off of the test fluid, with a response time of less than 0.5ms, and is installed on the pipeline.

[0050] Safety valve: protects the safety of the storage tank and the device. It opens when the pressure in the air cushion area of ​​the storage tank is greater than the set safety pressure. It is installed on the upper head pipeline of the normal temperature storage tank or the low temperature storage tank.

[0051] Control valve: adjust the valve opening to control the flow of low-temperature medium to the heat exchanger, installed on the pipeline between the low-temperature storage tank and the heat exchanger.

[0052] Pressure reducing valve: reduces the gas supply pressure of the gas cylinder to the test requirement value and is installed on the gas supply pipeline of the gas cylinder.

[0053] Solenoid valve: controls the on and off of the test fluid and is installed on the pipeline.

[0054] Capacitive liquid level meter: measures the liquid height in the tank and is installed inside the tank.

[0055] Servo pump: controls the flow rate of the test fluid and is installed on the pipeline.

[0056] Heat exchanger: An integrated heat exchange lightweight structure integrating the gas flow area and the liquid flow area. The gas flow area is a lattice sandwich structure with thermal insulation material wrapped around the structure. The gas inlet and outlet are installed on the gas pipeline, the liquid inlet is installed on the liquid pipeline, and the liquid outlet is a discharge port.

[0057] Pressure sensor: measures the pressure inside the pipeline and tank, installed on the tank and pipeline.

[0058] Temperature sensor: measures the temperature of the working fluid in the pipeline and is installed on the pipeline.

[0059] Cryogenic flow meter: measures the mass flow of cryogenic fluid and is installed on the cryogenic fluid pipeline.

[0060] Normal temperature flow meter: measures the mass flow rate of normal temperature working fluid and is installed on the normal temperature working fluid pipeline.

[0061] Gas flow meter: measures the mass flow of gas working fluid and is installed on the gas working fluid pipeline.

[0062] Control computer: collects all temperature, pressure, flow and other data, and controls pumps, valves and other components according to the test conditions.

[0063] Infrared point thermometer: measures the surface temperature of a certain point in the test project of the test piece, and can penetrate high-temperature heat sources such as flames for measurement.

[0064] The present invention also provides a working method of a test system capable of realizing multi-parameter control and adapting to different test environments, which includes 5 paths:

[0065] Path 1: Flow path of normal temperature working fluid constant pressure mode: gas cylinder → pressure reducing valve TF1 → high frequency solenoid valve WAF1 → normal temperature tank → high frequency solenoid valve WAF2 → normal temperature flow meter 16 → test piece. During the test, the target pressure of the normal temperature tank is set, the high frequency solenoid valve WAF1 is fully opened, and the high frequency solenoid valve WAF1 acts according to the data of the pressure sensor P1 to ensure the target pressure. The normal temperature flow meter 16 collects the mass flow in this state.

[0066] Path 2: Constant flow mode of normal temperature working fluid (flow ≥ 0.3g / s) Flow path: normal temperature tank 3 → high frequency solenoid valve WAF2 → normal temperature flow meter 16 → test piece. During the test, the target mass flow is set, and the high frequency solenoid valve WAF2 operates according to the data of the normal temperature flow meter 16 to ensure the target mass flow. This mode is suitable for medium / large test pieces.

[0067] Path 3: Constant flow mode of normal temperature working fluid (flow rate < 0.3g / s) Flow path: liquid tank 4 → solenoid valve AF5 → servo pump 12 → test piece. Before the test, a certain amount of test working fluid is injected into the liquid tank 4 through the solenoid valve AF3, and the liquid tank 4 is pressurized to a certain value through the solenoid valve AF4. During the test, the target mass flow is set and the solenoid valve AF5 is opened. The mass change of the liquid tank within the time period △t is calculated to control the speed of the servo pump to ensure the target mass flow. This mode is suitable for small test pieces or low heat flow conditions.

[0068] Path 4: Flow path of cryogenic working fluid in constant pressure mode: gas cylinder 1 → pressure reducing valve TF1 → high-frequency solenoid valve WAF3 → cryogenic storage tank 2 → cryogenic flowmeter 17 → solenoid valve AF6 → test piece. During the test, the target pressure of the cryogenic storage tank is set and the solenoid valve AF6 is opened. The high-frequency solenoid valve WAF3 operates according to the data of the pressure sensor P4 to ensure the target pressure, and the cryogenic flowmeter 17 collects the mass flow in this state.

[0069] Path 5: Flow path of gas working medium in constant temperature and pressure mode: gas cylinder 1 → pressure reducing valve TF1 → pressure reducing valve TF2 → heat exchanger 13 → gas flow meter 18 → solenoid valve AF7 → test piece. During the test, the target pressure and target temperature of the test are set, and the gas pressure is maintained at the set value through the pressure reducing valve TF1 and the pressure reducing valve TF2. The flow of the low-temperature medium to the heat exchanger 13 is controlled by adjusting the opening of the regulating valve 8, and then the target temperature is reached through heat exchange through the heat exchanger.

[0070] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A system suitable for active sweat cooling ground test, characterized in that: The system includes: a gas cylinder, a low-temperature storage tank, a normal temperature storage tank, a liquid storage tank, a microbalance, a high-frequency solenoid valve, a safety valve, a regulating valve, a pressure reducing valve, a solenoid valve, a capacitive liquid level gauge, a servo pump, a heat exchanger, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a normal temperature flow meter, a low temperature flow meter, a gas flow meter, a control computer, and an infrared point thermometer. The control computer is used to collect temperature, pressure, and flow data, and control the components in the system according to the test conditions. The test working fluid of the system can be selected from normal temperature working fluid, low temperature working fluid and gas working fluid. The integrated heat exchange structure of the system can adjust the stability of the gas test working fluid.

2. A system suitable for active sweat cooling ground test according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas cylinder is used to store gaseous test fluid, and to pressurize the low-temperature storage tank, the normal temperature storage tank and the liquid storage tank, or to directly provide the test fluid to the test system, and the working fluid can be stored according to actual test requirements; the low-temperature storage tank is used to store low-temperature test fluid, directly provide the test fluid to the test system, or provide cooling medium for the heat exchanger on the gas path, and the working fluid can be stored according to actual test requirements; the normal temperature storage tank is used to store normal temperature test fluid, and the working fluid can be stored according to actual test requirements.

3. A system suitable for active sweat cooling ground test according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid storage tank is used to store the working fluid for normal temperature testing, is connected to the external pipeline by a hose to eliminate the influence of the hard pipe on the balance measurement, and is installed on a microbalance; the microbalance is used to measure the change in the weight of the working fluid in the liquid storage tank.

4. A system suitable for active sweat cooling ground test according to claim 3, characterized in that: The accuracy of the microbalance is less than 0.1 mg.

5. A system suitable for active sweat cooling ground test according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-frequency solenoid valve is used to control the on and off of the test working fluid, and the response time is within 0.5ms.

6. A system suitable for active sweat cooling ground test according to claim 1, characterized in that: The safety valve is installed on the upper head pipeline of the normal temperature storage tank or the low temperature storage tank, and is used to protect the safety of the system. It opens when the pressure in the air pillow area of ​​the normal temperature storage tank or the low temperature storage tank is greater than the set safety pressure; the regulating valve adjusts the valve opening to control the flow of the low temperature medium flowing to the heat exchanger; the pressure reducing valve reduces the gas cylinder supply pressure to the test requirement value and is installed on the gas cylinder supply pipeline; the solenoid valve is used to control the on and off of the test working fluid.

7. A system suitable for active sweat cooling ground test according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchanger is an integrated heat exchange lightweight structure integrating a gas circulation area and a liquid circulation area. The gas circulation area is a lattice sandwich structure and is surrounded by heat insulation materials.

8. A system suitable for active sweat cooling ground test according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas working medium temperature control range of the system is 80K to 300K.

9. A method for operating a system suitable for active sweat cooling ground test according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: Includes 5 flow paths: Path 1 is the flow path of the normal temperature working medium in constant pressure mode: the gas flows through the gas cylinder, the pressure reducing valve, and the high-frequency solenoid valve to the normal temperature storage tank, and the normal temperature working medium flows from the normal temperature storage tank to the test piece through the high-frequency solenoid valve and the normal temperature flowmeter; Path 2 is the flow path of the constant flow mode of the normal temperature working medium, where the flow rate is ≥0.3g / s: the normal temperature working medium is from the normal temperature storage tank, the high-frequency solenoid valve, the normal temperature flow meter to the test piece; Path 3 is the flow path of the constant flow mode of the normal temperature working fluid, where the flow rate is less than 0.3 g / s: the normal temperature working fluid flows from the liquid storage tank through the solenoid valve and servo pump to the test piece; Path 4 is the flow path of the cryogenic medium in constant pressure mode: the gas goes through the gas cylinder, the pressure reducing valve, and the high-frequency solenoid valve to the cryogenic storage tank, and the cryogenic medium goes from the cryogenic storage tank, the cryogenic flow meter, and the solenoid valve to the test piece; Path 5 is the flow path of the gas working medium in constant temperature and constant pressure mode: the gas passes through the gas cylinder, the pressure reducing valve, the heat exchanger, the gas flow meter, and the solenoid valve to the test piece.

10. A method for operating a system suitable for active sweating cooling ground test according to claim 9, characterized in that: Path 2 is suitable for medium and large test pieces, and Path 3 is suitable for small test pieces or lower heat flux conditions.

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