Charging pile intelligent control system and method based on single-chip microcomputer

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of charging pile intelligent detection control, in particular to a charging pile intelligent control system and method based on a single-chip microcomputer, and the method comprises the steps: enabling the single-chip microcomputer to execute initialization after the system is powered on; based on a fuzzy neural network algorithm, combining data of each chip in the sixth accessory circuit, calculating the optimal charging efficiency, and determining whether the charging gun is connected or not, if so, acquiring charging parameter information input by a user, and based on the charging parameter information of the user, combining the optimal charging efficiency, and controlling the conduction time of an MOS tube through PWM modulation by a single-chip microcomputer, so that the charging gun is connected with the charging gun. The charging current is adjusted in real time according to the optimal charging efficiency, so that the optimal charging parameter is achieved; and until the charging is finished, the MOS tube cuts off the charging circuit and stores the charging data, and the single-chip microcomputer returns to a standby state. According to the invention, the charging efficiency is obviously improved, the intelligent management of the charging process is realized, and a new direction is provided for the development of new energy automobile charging infrastructures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of intelligent detection and control of charging piles, and in particular to an intelligent control system and method for charging piles based on a single chip microcomputer. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy vehicle industry, charging piles, as important supporting facilities, have a direct impact on the charging efficiency and safety of electric vehicles through their intelligent control level. At present, on the one hand, the traditional charging pile control system usually adopts a simple fixed parameter control method, lacks the ability to comprehensively evaluate the charging environment and equipment status, and the system cannot adaptively adjust the charging parameters according to changes in external factors such as ambient temperature and humidity, resulting in low charging efficiency and easily causing problems such as overcharging or undercharging of the battery. On the other hand, the existing charging control algorithms generally have the problems of poor real-time performance and a single safety protection mechanism. When an abnormal situation occurs, the system reacts slowly and cannot cut off the charging circuit in time, posing a safety hazard. At the same time, due to the lack of an effective efficiency evaluation mechanism, it is difficult to achieve optimal control of the charging process, which affects the service life and charging quality of the charging pile. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a charging pile intelligent control system and method based on a single chip microcomputer, which realizes accurate evaluation and dynamic optimization of the charging process through the designed optimal charging efficiency algorithm. At the same time, the present invention integrates multiple safety protection mechanisms and adopts a multi-sensor collaborative monitoring strategy to ensure the safety and reliability of the charging process, which not only significantly improves the charging efficiency, but also realizes the intelligent management of the charging process, providing a new direction for the development of new energy vehicle charging infrastructure.

[0004] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: The charging pile intelligent control system based on a single-chip microcomputer includes: a main control circuit, a first auxiliary circuit, a second auxiliary circuit, a third auxiliary circuit, a fourth auxiliary circuit, a fifth auxiliary circuit and a sixth auxiliary circuit; the main control circuit includes: a single-chip microcomputer U1, a crystal oscillator X1, a capacitor C1 and a capacitor C2; the XTAL2 interface of the single-chip microcomputer U1 is respectively connected to one end of the crystal oscillator X1 and one end of the capacitor C2, the XTAL1 interface of the single-chip microcomputer U1 is respectively connected to the other end of the crystal oscillator X1 and one end of the capacitor C1, the other end of the capacitor C1 and the other end of the capacitor C2 are both grounded, the first auxiliary circuit is connected to the VCC port of the single-chip microcomputer U1, the second auxiliary circuit is connected to the RST port of the single-chip microcomputer U1 The third subsidiary circuit is respectively connected to the RXD / P3.0 port and the TXD / P3.1 port of the single-chip microcomputer U1, the fourth subsidiary circuit is respectively connected to the P2.2 port, the P2.3 port and the P2.4 port of the single-chip microcomputer U1, the fifth subsidiary circuit is respectively connected to the P0.0 port, the P0.1 port, the P0.2 port, the P0.3 port, the P0.4 port, the P0.5 port, the P0.6 port, the P0.7 port, the P2.5 port, the P2.6 port and the P2.7 port of the single-chip microcomputer U1, and the sixth subsidiary circuit is respectively connected to the P1.4 port, the P1.5 port, the P1.6 port, the P1.7 port and the T1 / P3.5 port of the single-chip microcomputer U1.

[0005] Optionally, the first auxiliary circuit includes: an interface P5, a switch SW1, a rectifier diode D7, an electrolytic capacitor C11, a capacitor C12, a linear voltage regulator U5, a capacitor C13, a capacitor C14, a resistor R22 and a light-emitting diode LED1; port No. 2 of the interface P5 is grounded, port No. 1 of the interface P5 is connected to one end of the switch SW1, the other end of the switch SW1 is connected to one end of the rectifier diode D7, and the other end of the rectifier diode D7 is respectively connected to one end of the electrolytic capacitor C11, one end of the capacitor C12, and the linear voltage regulator U5. The linear voltage regulator U5 is connected to the VIN port of the voltage regulator U5, the other ends of the electrolytic capacitor C11 and the other ends of the capacitor C12 are grounded, the GND port of the linear voltage regulator U5 is grounded, the VOUT interface of the linear voltage regulator U5 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C13, one end of the capacitor C14, one end of the resistor R22, and the VCC port of the single-chip microcomputer U1, the other ends of the capacitor C13 and the other ends of the capacitor C14 are grounded, the other end of the resistor R22 is connected to one end of the light emitting diode LED1, and the other end of the light emitting diode LED1 is grounded.

[0006] Optionally, the second auxiliary circuit includes: a switch SW2, a capacitor C3 and a resistor R1; the RST port of the microcontroller U1 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R1, one end of the switch SW2, and one end of the capacitor C3, the other end of the resistor R1 is grounded, and the other end of the switch SW2 and the other end of the capacitor C3 are both connected to a power supply.

[0007] Optionally, the third auxiliary circuit includes: a download interface J2; port No. 6 of the download interface J2 is connected to the RXD / P3.0 port of the microcontroller U1, port No. 8 of the download interface J2 is connected to the TXD / P3.1 port of the microcontroller U1, port No. 2 of the download interface J2 is connected to a power supply, and port No. 4 of the download interface J2 is grounded.

[0008] Optionally, the fourth auxiliary circuit includes: switch SW3, switch SW4 and switch SW5; the P2.2 port of the microcontroller U1 is connected to one end of the switch SW5, and the other end of the switch SW5 is grounded, the P2.3 port of the microcontroller U1 is connected to one end of the switch SW4, and the other end of the switch SW4 is grounded, the P2.4 port of the microcontroller U1 is connected to one end of the switch SW3, and the other end of the switch SW3 is grounded.

[0009] Optionally, the fifth auxiliary circuit includes: a chip U2, a resistor R2 and a resistor array RN1; port No. 3 of the chip U2 is connected to one end of the resistor R2, the other end of the resistor R2 and port No. 1 of the chip U2 are grounded, port No. 2 of the chip U2 is connected to a power supply, port No. 4 of the chip U2 is connected to port P2.7 of the single-chip microcomputer U1, port No. 5 of the chip U2 is connected to port P2.6 of the single-chip microcomputer U1, port No. 6 of the chip U2 is connected to port P2.5 of the single-chip microcomputer U1, port No. 7 of the chip U2 is respectively connected to port P0.0 of the single-chip microcomputer U1 and resistor array RN1, port No. 8 of the chip U2 is respectively connected to port P0.1 of the single-chip microcomputer U1 and resistor array R N1 is connected, port No. 9 of the chip U2 is respectively connected to the P0.2 port and the resistor array RN1 of the single-chip microcomputer U1, port No. 10 of the chip U2 is respectively connected to the P0.3 port and the resistor array RN1 of the single-chip microcomputer U1, port No. 11 of the chip U2 is respectively connected to the P0.4 port and the resistor array RN1 of the single-chip microcomputer U1, port No. 12 of the chip U2 is respectively connected to the P0.5 port and the resistor array RN1 of the single-chip microcomputer U1, port No. 13 of the chip U2 is respectively connected to the P0.6 port and the resistor array RN1 of the single-chip microcomputer U1, port No. 14 of the chip U2 is respectively connected to the P0.7 port and the resistor array RN1 of the single-chip microcomputer U1, and the resistor array RN1 is connected to a power supply.

[0010] Optionally, the sixth auxiliary circuit includes: chip U3, sliding resistor R4, resistor R3, smoke sensor U4, interface H1, chip U8, resistor R5, resistor R6, chip U6, interface H2, chip U7, capacitor C4, resistor R7, interface H3, speaker, resistor R11, transistor Q2, interface H4, chip U9, resistor R13, capacitor C6, resistor R12, MOS tube Q1, interface J1 and interface H5; the OUT port of the chip U3 is respectively connected to the P1.4 port of the microcontroller U1 and the port No. 2 of the interface H1, the port No. 1 of the interface H1 is connected to the power supply, the port No. 3 of the interface H1 is grounded, and the -IN port of the chip U3 is connected to the sliding resistor The sliding terminal of R4 is connected, one end of the sliding resistor R4 is connected to the power supply, and the other end of the sliding resistor R4 is grounded. The +IN port of the chip U3 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R3, port 4 of the smoke sensor U4, and port 6 of the smoke sensor U4. The other end of the resistor R3, port 2 of the smoke sensor U4, and the V- port of the chip U3 are all grounded. Port 1 of the smoke sensor U4, port 3 of the smoke sensor U4, port 5 of the smoke sensor U4, and the V+ port of the chip U3 are all connected to the power supply; the OUT port of the chip U8 is respectively connected to the P1.5 port of the microcontroller U1 and port 2 of the interface H2. The IN port is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R5 and one end of the resistor R6, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected to the V+ port of the chip U8 and connected to the power supply, the +IN port of the chip U8 is connected to the VOUT port of the chip U6, the V- port of the chip U8 is respectively connected to the GND port of the chip U6 and the other end of the resistor R6 and grounded, the VCC port of the chip U6 and port No. 1 of the interface H2 are both connected to the power supply, and port No. 3 of the interface H2 is grounded; the VDD port of the chip U7 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C4 and one end of the resistor R7 and connected to the power supply, the SDA port of the chip U7 is respectively connected to the other end of the resistor R7 and the interface H4's No. 2 port and the P1.7 port of the single-chip computer U1 are connected, the NC port of the chip U7 is respectively connected to the GND port of the chip U7 and the No. 3 port of the interface H4 and grounded, and the No. 1 port of the interface H4 is connected to the power supply; one end of the speaker and the No. 1 port of the interface H3 are both connected to the power supply, the other end of the speaker is connected to one end of the resistor R11, the other end of the resistor R11 is connected to the emitter of the transistor Q2, the collector of the transistor Q2 is connected to the No. 3 port of the interface H3 and grounded, the base of the transistor Q2 is respectively connected to the No. 2 port of the interface H3 and the P1.6 port of the single-chip computer U1; T1 / P3.The 5 ports are respectively connected to the CAT port of the chip U9 and the No. 2 port of the interface H5, the AN port of the chip U9 is connected to one end of the resistor R13, the VCC port of the chip U9 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C6 and one end of the resistor R12 and connected to the power supply, the VO port of the chip U9 is respectively connected to the gate of the MOS tube Q1 and the other end of the resistor R12, the GND port of the chip U9 is respectively connected to the other end of the capacitor C6 and the source of the MOS tube Q1 and grounded, the drain of the MOS tube Q1 is connected to the No. 2 port of the interface J1, the No. 1 port of the interface J1, the other end of the resistor R13, and the No. 1 port of the interface H5 are all connected to the power supply, and the No. 3 port of the interface H5 is grounded. .

[0011] The charging pile intelligent control method based on a single chip microcomputer comprises the following steps: After the system is powered on, the microcontroller U1 performs initialization; Based on the fuzzy neural network algorithm, combined with the data collected by each chip in the sixth auxiliary circuit, the optimal charging efficiency is calculated, and the charging gun connection status is obtained through the chip U9; The optimal charging efficiency calculation formula is:

[0012] in, is the charging current value, V is the charging voltage value, is the standard working temperature, T is the real-time temperature value, H is the real-time humidity value, S is the smoke concentration value, n, m, p are different sampling cycle numbers, k is the normalization coefficient, is the power change rate, is the current change rate, is the voltage value of the kth sampling point, is the current value of the kth sampling point, is the integral variable, representing the time from the start of charging To current time The time variation process of, C is the correction constant; If it is confirmed that the charging gun is connected, the charging parameter information input by the user through switch SW3, switch SW4 and switch SW5 is obtained. Based on the user's charging parameter information and the best charging efficiency, the microcontroller U1 controls the conduction time of the MOS tube Q1 through PWM modulation, and adjusts the charging current in real time according to the best charging efficiency to achieve the optimal charging parameter; When charging is finished, the microcontroller U1 controls the MOS tube Q1 to cut off the charging circuit and save the charging data, and the microcontroller U1 returns to the standby state. Charging ends when any of the following conditions occur during the charging process: The efficiency is lower than the set threshold; An abnormal condition is detected based on a sensor in the sixth auxiliary circuit.

[0013] The technical solution of the present invention has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects: The present invention realizes accurate evaluation and dynamic optimization of the charging process by designing the optimal charging efficiency algorithm. At the same time, the present invention integrates multiple safety protection mechanisms and adopts a multi-sensor collaborative monitoring strategy to ensure the safety and reliability of the charging process, which not only significantly improves the charging efficiency, but also realizes the intelligent management of the charging process, providing a new direction for the development of new energy vehicle charging infrastructure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the principle of the charging pile intelligent control system based on a single chip microcomputer provided by the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the principle of a first auxiliary circuit provided by the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the principle of a second auxiliary circuit provided by the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the principle of the third auxiliary circuit provided by the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the principle of a fourth auxiliary circuit provided by the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the principle of a fifth auxiliary circuit provided by the present invention; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the principle of a smoke detection module in the sixth auxiliary circuit provided by the present invention; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the principle of a flame detection module in a sixth auxiliary circuit provided by the present invention; Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the principle of the temperature and humidity detection module in the sixth auxiliary circuit provided by the present invention; Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the principle of the alarm module in the sixth auxiliary circuit provided by the present invention; Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of the motor drive module in the sixth auxiliary circuit provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the present invention. Obviously, what is described is only a part of the present invention, not all of it. Generally, the components of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0016] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides one embodiment: a charging pile intelligent control system based on a single-chip microcomputer, comprising: a main control circuit, a first auxiliary circuit, a second auxiliary circuit, a third auxiliary circuit, a fourth auxiliary circuit, a fifth auxiliary circuit and a sixth auxiliary circuit; the main control circuit comprises: a single-chip microcomputer U1, a crystal oscillator X1, a capacitor C1 and a capacitor C2; the XTAL2 interface of the single-chip microcomputer U1 is respectively connected to one end of the crystal oscillator X1 and one end of the capacitor C2, the XTAL1 interface of the single-chip microcomputer U1 is respectively connected to the other end of the crystal oscillator X1 and one end of the capacitor C1, the other end of the capacitor C1 and the other end of the capacitor C2 are both grounded, the first auxiliary circuit is connected to the VCC port of the single-chip microcomputer U1, and the second auxiliary circuit is connected to the VCC port of the single-chip microcomputer U1. The third subsidiary circuit is connected to the RST port of the single-chip computer U1, the third subsidiary circuit is respectively connected to the RXD / P3.0 port and the TXD / P3.1 port of the single-chip computer U1, the fourth subsidiary circuit is respectively connected to the P2.2 port, the P2.3 port and the P2.4 port of the single-chip computer U1, the fifth subsidiary circuit is respectively connected to the P0.0 port, the P0.1 port, the P0.2 port, the P0.3 port, the P0.4 port, the P0.5 port, the P0.6 port, the P0.7 port, the P2.5 port, the P2.6 port and the P2.7 port of the single-chip computer U1, and the sixth subsidiary circuit is respectively connected to the P1.4 port, the P1.5 port, the P1.6 port, the P1.7 port and the T1 / P3.5 port of the single-chip computer U1.

[0017] Specifically, the main control circuit includes: a first auxiliary circuit, namely a power supply circuit, a second auxiliary circuit, namely a reset circuit, a crystal oscillator circuit, a third auxiliary circuit, namely a download interface circuit, a fourth auxiliary circuit, namely a key circuit, a sixth auxiliary circuit, namely various sensor structures, and a fifth auxiliary circuit, namely an LCD1602 display circuit.

[0018] like Figure 2As shown, in the above implementation, the first auxiliary circuit includes: an interface P5, a switch SW1, a rectifier diode D7, an electrolytic capacitor C11, a capacitor C12, a linear voltage regulator U5, a capacitor C13, a capacitor C14, a resistor R22 and a light-emitting diode LED1; port No. 2 of the interface P5 is grounded, port No. 1 of the interface P5 is connected to one end of the switch SW1, the other end of the switch SW1 is connected to one end of the rectifier diode D7, and the other end of the rectifier diode D7 is respectively connected to one end of the electrolytic capacitor C11, one end of the capacitor C12, The VIN port of the linear voltage regulator U5 is connected, the other end of the electrolytic capacitor C11 and the other end of the capacitor C12 are grounded, the GND port of the linear voltage regulator U5 is grounded, and the VOUT interface of the linear voltage regulator U5 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C13, one end of the capacitor C14, one end of the resistor R22, and the VCC port of the microcontroller U1, the other end of the capacitor C13 and the other end of the capacitor C14 are grounded, the other end of the resistor R22 is connected to one end of the light emitting diode LED1, and the other end of the light emitting diode LED1 is grounded.

[0019] In the implementation, the second auxiliary circuit not only provides a stable 5V voltage to the STC89C52RC chip, but also provides a 5V voltage to the external sensor. The external power supply inputs a 7~12V voltage through the interface P5, passes through the D7 anti-reverse connection rectifier diode, and then passes through a model AMS1117-5.0 linear voltage regulator tube to output a stable 5V voltage. Finally, the LED1 light-emitting diode is used to check whether there is voltage output.

[0020] like Figure 3 As shown, in the above implementation, the second auxiliary circuit includes: a switch SW2, a capacitor C3 and a resistor R1; the RST port of the microcontroller U1 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R1, one end of the switch SW2, and one end of the capacitor C3, the other end of the resistor R1 is grounded, and the other end of the switch SW2 and the other end of the capacitor C3 are both connected to a power supply.

[0021] In practice, about 0.1 seconds after the microcontroller is turned on, the two ends of capacitor C3 are gradually charged to 5V. At this time, the voltage across the 10kΩ resistor is almost 0V, so the RST pin is maintained at a low level to ensure the normal operation of the system. When the key is pressed manually, the switch element will be turned on, and a discharge circuit will be formed across the capacitor to release the stored energy. As the key pressing process continues, the voltage of the capacitor will drop from 5V to 1.5V or even lower in about 0.1 seconds. According to the principle that the voltage in a series circuit is equal to the sum of the voltages of each part, while the capacitor voltage drops, the voltage across the 10kΩ resistor will rise to at least 3.5V, causing the RST pin to sense a high-level signal. In this case, the microcontroller system will automatically perform a reset operation.

[0022] like Figure 4 As shown, in the above implementation, the third auxiliary circuit includes: a download interface J2; port No. 6 of the download interface J2 is connected to the RXD / P3.0 port of the microcontroller U1, port No. 8 of the download interface J2 is connected to the TXD / P3.1 port of the microcontroller U1, port No. 2 of the download interface J2 is connected to the power supply, and port No. 4 of the download interface J2 is grounded.

[0023] like Figure 5 As shown, in the above implementation, the fourth auxiliary circuit includes: switch SW3, switch SW4 and switch SW5; the P2.2 port of the single-chip microcomputer U1 is connected to one end of the switch SW5, and the other end of the switch SW5 is grounded, the P2.3 port of the single-chip microcomputer U1 is connected to one end of the switch SW4, and the other end of the switch SW4 is grounded, the P2.4 port of the single-chip microcomputer U1 is connected to one end of the switch SW3, and the other end of the switch SW3 is grounded.

[0024] In practice, the fourth auxiliary circuit is designed to set thresholds for sensors such as smoke and flame, while allowing users to select charging time.

[0025] like Figure 6As shown, in the above implementation, the fifth auxiliary circuit includes: a chip U2, a resistor R2 and a resistor array RN1; port No. 3 of the chip U2 is connected to one end of the resistor R2, the other end of the resistor R2 and port No. 1 of the chip U2 are grounded, port No. 2 of the chip U2 is connected to a power supply, port No. 4 of the chip U2 is connected to port P2.7 of the single-chip microcomputer U1, port No. 5 of the chip U2 is connected to port P2.6 of the single-chip microcomputer U1, port No. 6 of the chip U2 is connected to port P2.5 of the single-chip microcomputer U1, port No. 7 of the chip U2 is respectively connected to port P0.0 of the single-chip microcomputer U1 and resistor array RN1, port No. 8 of the chip U2 is respectively connected to port P0.1 of the single-chip microcomputer U1 and resistor array RN1 The chip U2 is connected to the P0.2 port of the single-chip microcomputer U1 and the resistor array RN1, the chip U2 is connected to the P0.3 port of the single-chip microcomputer U1 and the resistor array RN1, the chip U2 is connected to the P0.4 port of the single-chip microcomputer U1 and the resistor array RN1, the chip U2 is connected to the P0.5 port of the single-chip microcomputer U1 and the resistor array RN1, the chip U2 is connected to the P0.6 port of the single-chip microcomputer U1 and the resistor array RN1, the chip U2 is connected to the P0.7 port of the single-chip microcomputer U1 and the resistor array RN1, and the resistor array RN1 is connected to a power supply.

[0026] In the implementation, this embodiment takes into account that although the indirect control method can reduce the number of single-chip microcomputer I / Os used and save the peripheral resources of the single-chip microcomputer, its operation is relatively complicated. Therefore, this embodiment uses a direct control method to operate the LCD1602 display screen. In the direct control mode, the 8 data lines and 3 control lines E, RS and R / W of LCD1602 need to be connected to the single-chip microcomputer to facilitate its normal operation. In most application scenarios, it is only necessary to send instructions and data content to LCD1602. Therefore, the R / W read / write selection control terminal of LCD1602 can be directly connected to the ground line, which can save a data line resource. As for the VO pin, it is an interface for adjusting the contrast of the liquid crystal display screen. Under normal circumstances, the purpose of contrast adjustment can be achieved by connecting a 4.7 kilo-ohm potentiometer. Another feasible solution is to adjust the contrast by grounding, that is, a resistor of suitable size is connected to the VO pin, but the specific value of the resistor should be determined by actual debugging.

[0027] like Figures 7 to 11As shown, in the above implementation, the sixth auxiliary circuit includes: chip U3, sliding resistor R4, resistor R3, smoke sensor U4, interface H1, chip U8, resistor R5, resistor R6, chip U6, interface H2, chip U7, capacitor C4, resistor R7, interface H3, speaker, resistor R11, transistor Q2, interface H4, chip U9, resistor R13, capacitor C6, resistor R12, MOS tube Q1, interface J1 and interface H5; the OUT port of the chip U3 is respectively connected to the P1.4 port of the microcontroller U1 and the port No. 2 of the interface H1, the port No. 1 of the interface H1 is connected to the power supply, the port No. 3 of the interface H1 is grounded, and the -IN port of the chip U3 is connected to the The sliding terminal of the sliding resistor R4 is connected, one end of the sliding resistor R4 is connected to the power supply, and the other end of the sliding resistor R4 is grounded. The +IN port of the chip U3 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R3, the No. 4 port of the smoke sensor U4, and the No. 6 port of the smoke sensor U4. The other end of the resistor R3, the No. 2 port of the smoke sensor U4, and the V- port of the chip U3 are all grounded. The No. 1 port of the smoke sensor U4, the No. 3 port of the smoke sensor U4, the No. 5 port of the smoke sensor U4, and the V+ port of the chip U3 are all connected to the power supply; the OUT port of the chip U8 is respectively connected to the P1.5 port of the single-chip computer U1 and the No. 2 port of the interface H2. The -IN port of chip U8 is connected to one end of the resistor R5 and one end of the resistor R6 respectively, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected to the V+ port of chip U8 and connected to the power supply, the +IN port of chip U8 is connected to the VOUT port of chip U6, the V- port of chip U8 is connected to the GND port of chip U6 and the other end of resistor R6 and grounded, the VCC port of chip U6 and port No. 1 of interface H2 are both connected to the power supply, and port No. 3 of interface H2 is grounded; the VDD port of chip U7 is connected to one end of capacitor C4 and one end of resistor R7 and connected to the power supply, the SDA port of chip U7 is connected to the other end of resistor R7, The port 2 of the interface H4 is connected to the port P1.7 of the single-chip computer U1, the NC port of the chip U7 is respectively connected to the GND port of the chip U7 and the port 3 of the interface H4 and grounded, and the port 1 of the interface H4 is connected to the power supply; one end of the speaker and the port 1 of the interface H3 are both connected to the power supply, the other end of the speaker is connected to one end of the resistor R11, the other end of the resistor R11 is connected to the emitter of the transistor Q2, the collector of the transistor Q2 is connected to the port 3 of the interface H3 and grounded, the base of the transistor Q2 is respectively connected to the port 2 of the interface H3 and the port P1.6 of the single-chip computer U1; T1 / P3 of the single-chip computer U1.The 5 ports are respectively connected to the CAT port of the chip U9 and the No. 2 port of the interface H5, the AN port of the chip U9 is connected to one end of the resistor R13, the VCC port of the chip U9 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C6 and one end of the resistor R12 and connected to the power supply, the VO port of the chip U9 is respectively connected to the gate of the MOS tube Q1 and the other end of the resistor R12, the GND port of the chip U9 is respectively connected to the other end of the capacitor C6 and the source of the MOS tube Q1 and grounded, the drain of the MOS tube Q1 is connected to the No. 2 port of the interface J1, the No. 1 port of the interface J1, the other end of the resistor R13, and the No. 1 port of the interface H5 are all connected to the power supply, and the No. 3 port of the interface H5 is grounded. .

[0028] In the specific implementation, when a +5V voltage is applied to the 2, 5 pins and the 1, 4 pins of the smoke sensor U4 respectively, if there is smoke around, the voltage across the load resistor R3 will change. The voltage across R3 varies between 1V and 4.5V depending on the smoke concentration. LM393DT is a single-channel comparator chip. The adjustable resistor R4 voltage divider tap is connected to the reverse end of LM393DT, and one end of R3 is connected to the same direction end of LM393DT. By adjusting R4, the threshold for triggering the smoke concentration alarm can be set. For example, adjust the R4 voltage divider tap to the middle, and the voltage at the reverse end of LM393DT is VCC / 2. Then when the voltage across R3 is greater than VCC / 2, LM393DT outputs a high level. At this time, the main controller will trigger an alarm when it detects a high level.

[0029] This embodiment uses an infrared receiver to detect infrared rays with wavelengths ranging from 760 nanometers to 1100 nanometers in flames. The infrared receiver uses an integrated infrared module of the IRM-36xxJF series. When a fire source is detected, the IRM-36xxJF will output a VCC voltage through the VOUT pin, which is also connected to the LM393DT comparator. Finally, the LM393DT comparator outputs a high level, indicating that there is a flame around. At this time, the main control chip sends an alarm signal, and the drive motor drives the water pump to work to extinguish the fire to protect economic property.

[0030] The temperature and humidity detection module in this embodiment uses a digital temperature and humidity sensor component with model number CHT11. The component integrates high-quality, high-precision humidity sensing components and peripheral precision NTC temperature sensing elements. The sensor and the STC89C52RC main control chip use a single bus communication protocol, that is, the host can read the temperature and humidity of the module through an I / O port, which can save the I / O resources of the main control. The SDA pin of the module is used to communicate and synchronize with the host in single bus mode, transmitting 40 bits of data at a time, with the high bit first, which are respectively humidity high bit, humidity low bit, temperature high bit, temperature low bit, and check bit.

[0031] The alarm module in this embodiment uses an active buzzer, and a +5V voltage is applied to both ends of the buzzer to make a sound. When the STC89C52RC main control chip detects smoke or flame signals, a low level will be given to the base of the transistor Q2. At this time, Q2 is turned on, and the buzzer sounds an alarm. The resistor R11 is a current limiting resistor.

[0032] Since the motor will generate peak current and noise when working, in order to avoid affecting the main controller, the motor drive module adopts an isolation design. The linear regulator AMS117-1.5 provides a stable 1.5V voltage for the isolation chip U9. When the motor needs to be started, the STC89C52RC main control chip outputs a high level, and the isolation chip gives the MOSFET a start voltage, and the motor starts working.

[0033] Based on the circuit provided in the first embodiment, the present invention provides a second embodiment: a charging pile intelligent control method based on a single chip microcomputer, the steps of the method include: After the system is powered on, the microcontroller U1 performs initialization; Based on the fuzzy neural network algorithm, combined with the data collected by each chip in the sixth auxiliary circuit, the optimal charging efficiency is calculated, and the charging gun connection status is obtained through the chip U9; The optimal charging efficiency calculation formula is:

[0034] in, is the charging current value, V is the charging voltage value, is the standard working temperature, T is the real-time temperature value, H is the real-time humidity value, S is the smoke concentration value, n, m, p are different sampling cycle numbers, k is the normalization coefficient, is the power change rate, is the current change rate, is the voltage value of the kth sampling point, is the current value of the kth sampling point, is the integral variable, representing the time from the start of charging To current time The time variation process of, C is the correction constant; If it is confirmed that the charging gun is connected, the charging parameter information input by the user through switch SW3, switch SW4 and switch SW5 is obtained. Based on the user's charging parameter information and the best charging efficiency, the microcontroller U1 controls the conduction time of the MOS tube Q1 through PWM modulation, and adjusts the charging current in real time according to the best charging efficiency to achieve the optimal charging parameter; When charging is finished, the microcontroller U1 controls the MOS tube Q1 to cut off the charging circuit and save the charging data, and the microcontroller U1 returns to the standby state. Charging ends when any of the following conditions occur during the charging process: The efficiency is lower than the set threshold; An abnormal condition is detected based on a sensor in the sixth auxiliary circuit.

[0035] Specifically, after the system is powered on, the microcontroller U1 performs initialization, including setting the 12MHz system clock, configuring the I / O port, and initializing the serial communication parameters. At the same time, the AMS1117-5.0 converts the 7-12V input voltage into a 5V system operating voltage. Based on the fuzzy neural network algorithm, the infrared temperature sensor U6 (IRM-36xxJF) collects ambient temperature data, and combines the comparator U8 (LM393DT) and other sensor data to calculate the optimal charging efficiency E, and obtain the charging gun connection status through the isolation chip U9. If it is confirmed that the charging gun is connected, the charging parameter information input by the user through the key switches SW3, SW4, and SW5 is obtained. Based on the optimal charging efficiency E, the microcontroller U1 controls the conduction time of the MOS tube Q1 through PWM modulation, and adjusts the charging current in real time to achieve the optimal charging effect. Charging ends when the following conditions occur: the efficiency E is lower than the set threshold; abnormal conditions are detected: the smoke sensor U4 (MQ-2 type) detects abnormality; the infrared temperature sensor U6 (IRM-36xxJF) detects temperature exceeding the limit; the temperature and humidity sensor U7 (CHT11) detects abnormal humidity; the charging gun connection is abnormal. After charging is completed, the microcontroller U1 controls the MOS tube Q1 to cut off the charging circuit, save the charging data, and the system returns to the standby state.

[0036] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The intelligent control system of charging pile based on single chip microcomputer is characterized by: include: a main control circuit, a first auxiliary circuit, a second auxiliary circuit, a third auxiliary circuit, a fourth auxiliary circuit, a fifth auxiliary circuit and a sixth auxiliary circuit; The main control circuit includes: a single-chip microcomputer U1, a crystal oscillator X1, a capacitor C1 and a capacitor C2; the XTAL2 interface of the single-chip microcomputer U1 is respectively connected to one end of the crystal oscillator X1 and one end of the capacitor C2, the XTAL1 interface of the single-chip microcomputer U1 is respectively connected to the other end of the crystal oscillator X1 and one end of the capacitor C1, the other end of the capacitor C1 and the other end of the capacitor C2 are both grounded, the first auxiliary circuit is connected to the VCC port of the single-chip microcomputer U1, the second auxiliary circuit is connected to the RST port of the single-chip microcomputer U1, the third auxiliary circuit is respectively connected to the RXD / P3.0 port and the T The fourth subsidiary circuit is respectively connected to the P2.2 port, P2.3 port, and P2.4 port of the single-chip computer U1; the fifth subsidiary circuit is respectively connected to the P0.0 port, P0.1 port, P0.2 port, P0.3 port, P0.4 port, P0.5 port, P0.6 port, P0.7 port, P2.5 port, P2.6 port, and P2.7 port of the single-chip computer U1; the sixth subsidiary circuit is respectively connected to the P1.4 port, P1.5 port, P1.6 port, P1.7 port, and T1 / P3.5 port of the single-chip computer U1.

2. The charging pile intelligent control system based on single chip microcomputer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first auxiliary circuit includes: an interface P5, a switch SW1, a rectifier diode D7, an electrolytic capacitor C11, a capacitor C12, a linear voltage regulator U5, a capacitor C13, a capacitor C14, a resistor R22 and a light-emitting diode LED1; port No. 2 of the interface P5 is grounded, port No. 1 of the interface P5 is connected to one end of the switch SW1, the other end of the switch SW1 is connected to one end of the rectifier diode D7, the other end of the rectifier diode D7 is respectively connected to one end of the electrolytic capacitor C11, one end of the capacitor C12, the linear voltage regulator U5, the capacitor C13, the capacitor C14, the resistor R22 and the light-emitting diode LED1. The VIN port of U5 is connected, the other end of the electrolytic capacitor C11 and the other end of the capacitor C12 are grounded, the GND port of the linear voltage regulator U5 is grounded, the VOUT interface of the linear voltage regulator U5 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C13, one end of the capacitor C14, one end of the resistor R22, and the VCC port of the single-chip computer U1, the other end of the capacitor C13 and the other end of the capacitor C14 are grounded, the other end of the resistor R22 is connected to one end of the light-emitting diode LED1, and the other end of the light-emitting diode LED1 is grounded.

3. The charging pile intelligent control system based on single chip microcomputer according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The second auxiliary circuit includes: a switch SW2, a capacitor C3 and a resistor R1; the RST port of the single-chip computer U1 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R1, one end of the switch SW2, and one end of the capacitor C3, the other end of the resistor R1 is grounded, and the other end of the switch SW2 and the other end of the capacitor C3 are both connected to a power supply.

4. The charging pile intelligent control system based on single chip microcomputer according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The third auxiliary circuit includes: a download interface J2; port No. 6 of the download interface J2 is connected to the RXD / P3.0 port of the microcontroller U1, port No. 8 of the download interface J2 is connected to the TXD / P3.1 port of the microcontroller U1, port No. 2 of the download interface J2 is connected to a power supply, and port No. 4 of the download interface J2 is grounded.

5. The charging pile intelligent control system based on single chip microcomputer according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The fourth auxiliary circuit includes: switch SW3, switch SW4 and switch SW5; the P2.2 port of the single-chip microcomputer U1 is connected to one end of the switch SW5, and the other end of the switch SW5 is grounded; the P2.3 port of the single-chip microcomputer U1 is connected to one end of the switch SW4, and the other end of the switch SW4 is grounded; the P2.4 port of the single-chip microcomputer U1 is connected to one end of the switch SW3, and the other end of the switch SW3 is grounded.

6. The charging pile intelligent control system based on single chip microcomputer according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The fifth auxiliary circuit includes: a chip U2, a resistor R2 and a resistor array RN1; port No. 3 of the chip U2 is connected to one end of the resistor R2, the other end of the resistor R2 and port No. 1 of the chip U2 are grounded, port No. 2 of the chip U2 is connected to a power supply, port No. 4 of the chip U2 is connected to port P2.7 of the single-chip microcomputer U1, port No. 5 of the chip U2 is connected to port P2.6 of the single-chip microcomputer U1, port No. 6 of the chip U2 is connected to port P2.5 of the single-chip microcomputer U1, port No. 7 of the chip U2 is respectively connected to port P0.0 of the single-chip microcomputer U1 and resistor array RN1, and port No. 8 of the chip U2 is respectively connected to port P0.1 of the single-chip microcomputer U1 and resistor array RN1 The chip U2 is connected to the P0.2 port and the resistor array RN1 of the single-chip microcomputer U1, the port 10 of the chip U2 is connected to the P0.3 port and the resistor array RN1 of the single-chip microcomputer U1, the port 11 of the chip U2 is connected to the P0.4 port and the resistor array RN1 of the single-chip microcomputer U1, the port 12 of the chip U2 is connected to the P0.5 port and the resistor array RN1 of the single-chip microcomputer U1, the port 13 of the chip U2 is connected to the P0.6 port and the resistor array RN1 of the single-chip microcomputer U1, the port 14 of the chip U2 is connected to the P0.7 port and the resistor array RN1 of the single-chip microcomputer U1, and the resistor array RN1 is connected to a power supply.

7. The single chip microcomputer-based charging pile intelligent control system according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The sixth auxiliary circuit includes: chip U3, sliding resistor R4, resistor R3, smoke sensor U4, interface H1, chip U8, resistor R5, resistor R6, chip U6, interface H2, chip U7, capacitor C4, resistor R7, interface H3, speaker, resistor R11, transistor Q2, interface H4, chip U9, resistor R13, capacitor C6, resistor R12, MOS tube Q1, interface J1 and interface H5; the OUT port of the chip U3 is respectively connected to the P1.4 port of the single-chip computer U1 and the port No. 2 of the interface H1, the port No. 1 of the interface H1 is connected to the power supply, the port No. 3 of the interface H1 is grounded, and the -IN port of the chip U3 is connected to the The sliding terminals are connected, one end of the sliding resistor R4 is connected to the power supply, the other end of the sliding resistor R4 is grounded, the +IN port of the chip U3 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R3, port 4 of the smoke sensor U4, and port 6 of the smoke sensor U4, the other end of the resistor R3, port 2 of the smoke sensor U4, and the V- port of the chip U3 are all grounded, port 1 of the smoke sensor U4, port 3 of the smoke sensor U4, port 5 of the smoke sensor U4, and the V+ port of the chip U3 are all connected to the power supply; the OUT port of the chip U8 is respectively connected to the P1.5 port of the microcontroller U1 and port 2 of the interface H2, the -IN port of the chip U8 The ports are respectively connected to one end of the resistor R5 and one end of the resistor R6, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected to the V+ port of the chip U8 and connected to the power supply, the +IN port of the chip U8 is connected to the VOUT port of the chip U6, the V- port of the chip U8 is respectively connected to the GND port of the chip U6 and the other end of the resistor R6 and grounded, the VCC port of the chip U6 and the port No. 1 of the interface H2 are both connected to the power supply, and the port No. 3 of the interface H2 is grounded; the VDD port of the chip U7 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C4 and one end of the resistor R7 and connected to the power supply, the SDA port of the chip U7 is respectively connected to the other end of the resistor R7 and the interface H 4 and the P1.7 port of the single-chip computer U1. The NC port of the chip U7 is respectively connected to the GND port of the chip U7 and the No. 3 port of the interface H4 and grounded. The No. 1 port of the interface H4 is connected to the power supply. One end of the speaker and the No. 1 port of the interface H3 are both connected to the power supply. The other end of the speaker is connected to one end of the resistor R11. The other end of the resistor R11 is connected to the emitter of the transistor Q2. The collector of the transistor Q2 is connected to the No. 3 port of the interface H3 and grounded. The base of the transistor Q2 is respectively connected to the No. 2 port of the interface H3 and the P1.6 port of the single-chip computer U1. The T1 / P3.The 5 ports are respectively connected to the CAT port of the chip U9 and the No. 2 port of the interface H5, the AN port of the chip U9 is connected to one end of the resistor R13, the VCC port of the chip U9 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C6 and one end of the resistor R12 and connected to the power supply, the VO port of the chip U9 is respectively connected to the gate of the MOS tube Q1 and the other end of the resistor R12, the GND port of the chip U9 is respectively connected to the other end of the capacitor C6 and the source of the MOS tube Q1 and grounded, the drain of the MOS tube Q1 is connected to the No. 2 port of the interface J1, the No. 1 port of the interface J1, the other end of the resistor R13, and the No. 1 port of the interface H5 are all connected to the power supply, and the No. 3 port of the interface H5 is grounded. .

8. The intelligent control method of charging pile based on single chip microcomputer is characterized in that: The steps of the method include: After the system is powered on, the microcontroller U1 performs initialization; Based on the fuzzy neural network algorithm, combined with the data collected by each chip in the sixth auxiliary circuit, the optimal charging efficiency is calculated, and the charging gun connection status is obtained through the chip U9; The optimal charging efficiency calculation formula is: in, is the charging current value, V is the charging voltage value, is the standard working temperature, T is the real-time temperature value, H is the real-time humidity value, S is the smoke concentration value, n, m, p are different sampling cycle numbers, k is the normalization coefficient, is the power change rate, is the current change rate, is the voltage value of the kth sampling point, is the current value of the kth sampling point, is the integral variable, representing the time from the start of charging To current time The time variation process of, C is the correction constant; If it is confirmed that the charging gun is connected, the charging parameter information input by the user through switch SW3, switch SW4 and switch SW5 is obtained. Based on the user's charging parameter information and the best charging efficiency, the microcontroller U1 controls the conduction time of the MOS tube Q1 through PWM modulation, and adjusts the charging current in real time according to the best charging efficiency to achieve the optimal charging parameter; When charging is finished, the microcontroller U1 controls the MOS tube Q1 to cut off the charging circuit and save the charging data, and the microcontroller U1 returns to the standby state. Charging ends when any of the following conditions occur during the charging process: The efficiency is lower than the set threshold; An abnormal condition is detected based on a sensor in the sixth auxiliary circuit.

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