System and method for evaluating ecological risk of heavy metals in Yangtze River Delta basin based on hydrodynamics

Abstract

The invention discloses a system and a method for assessing ecological risks of heavy metals in Yangtze River Delta basin based on hydrodynamics. The system comprises a monitoring terminal, a risk assessment subsystem connected with the monitoring terminal and a hydrodynamic acquisition module, the hydrodynamic acquisition module is used for collecting water heavy metal pollution data of the to-be-monitored drainage basin according to hydrodynamic condition changes; the risk assessment subsystem obtains a plurality of corresponding assessment grades with weights through the pollution risk assessment model according to the water body heavy metal pollution data; and the monitoring terminal comprises a display module and a warning module. According to the invention, the hydrodynamic acquisition module, the risk assessment subsystem and the monitoring terminal assess the heavy metal ecological risk of the to-be-monitored drainage basin, and the hydrodynamic acquisition module can collect the water heavy metal pollution data of the to-be-monitored drainage basin according to the hydrodynamic condition change, thereby achieving the automatic collection of water samples under different hydrodynamic conditions. The quality of the obtained water sample data is improved, so that the accuracy of an evaluation result is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of heavy metal ecological risk, and specifically to a system and method for evaluating heavy metal ecological risk in the Yangtze River Delta basin based on hydrodynamics. Background Art

[0002] The risk assessment of heavy metal pollution in the Yangtze River Delta Basin has important practical significance and scientific value. When conducting heavy metal ecological risk assessment in the Yangtze River Delta Basin, researchers usually collect water body data in the basin, and then use the existing risk assessment subsystem to process and complete the risk assessment work. For example, a heavy metal pollution risk assessment system proposed in Publication No. CN112907096B, in which the public risk assessment subsystem can build a pollution risk assessment model based on historical pollution data, and obtain corresponding multiple weighted assessment levels through the pollution risk assessment model based on multiple pollution data. However, in most systems for assessing the ecological risk of heavy metals in the Yangtze River Delta Basin, the collection of water body data in the basin usually relies on manual operation or through preset collection equipment to collect data in the basin. Although the above methods can collect water sample data in the basin, due to the significant differences in the distribution and concentration of heavy metal pollutants in water bodies under different hydrodynamic conditions, the traditional collection method cannot achieve water sample collection under different hydrodynamic conditions, and the water sample data obtained is poor, which affects the accuracy of the assessment results.

[0003] CN111307518B proposes a fixed vertical water sample collection device and sampling method based on hydrodynamic changes. Although this patent can improve the diversity of water body data, the subsequent detection and analysis still relies on manual operation and has lag. In addition, since the sampling tube is in the basin during sampling, it is easily damaged by natural factors such as particle impact and water flow scouring in the basin. As a result, when the subsequent sampling tube leaves the basin upward, the water sample leaks from the outer wall of the sampling tube, affecting the stability of the assessment work. To this end, we propose a system and method for assessing the ecological risk of heavy metals in the Yangtze River Delta basin based on hydrodynamics. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a system and method for evaluating the ecological risk of heavy metals in the Yangtze River Delta basin based on hydrodynamics, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A system for evaluating the ecological risk of heavy metals in the Yangtze River Delta basin based on hydrodynamics, comprising a monitoring terminal, a risk assessment subsystem connected thereto, and at least one hydrodynamic acquisition module wirelessly connected to the risk assessment subsystem;

[0007] The hydrodynamic collection module is used to collect heavy metal pollution data of the water bodies in the monitored basin according to the changes in hydrodynamic conditions;

[0008] A risk assessment subsystem, for constructing a pollution risk assessment model based on historical pollution data, and obtaining corresponding multiple weighted assessment levels through the pollution risk assessment model according to the heavy metal pollution data of the water body; and

[0009] The monitoring terminal includes a display module for displaying the evaluation level and an alarm module for grading the response evaluation level.

[0010] A further improvement is that the hydrodynamic collection module comprises:

[0011] A water outlet pipe, wherein the upper and lower parts of the outer wall of the water outlet pipe are respectively provided with a plurality of groups of closure members and sampling tubes connected thereto, the closure members and the sampling tubes correspond one to one, the outer wall of the water outlet pipe is provided with a flow rate sensor, and the sampling tube is provided with a solenoid valve; and,

[0012] The mounting frame is arranged above the water outlet pipe, and the mounting frame is connected to the water outlet pipe through a telescopic device. The mounting frame is provided with a plurality of detection mechanisms and a controller electrically connected to the flow rate sensor and the detection mechanism. The detection mechanism has a detection end for inserting a sampling tube through a sealing member.

[0013] A further improvement is that the closure member comprises:

[0014] A guide cylinder is fixedly mounted on the upper part of the outer wall of the water outlet pipe and is inserted into the detection end. Both ends of the inner wall of the guide cylinder are integrally provided with convex parts; and

[0015] Two sets of sealing plates are respectively arranged horizontally at the bottom of the two sets of protrusions to close the guide cylinder. The opposite ends of the two sets of sealing plates are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the guide cylinder through elastic reset parts.

[0016] A further improvement is that the hydrodynamic collection module further comprises: a leak-proof component; the leak-proof component comprises:

[0017] A plurality of sleeves corresponding to the sampling tubes one by one and having a hollow top, a through opening being opened at the bottom of the sleeves, and the sleeves and the sampling tubes having the same height;

[0018] A bottom frame, a connecting sleeve, the bottom frame is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the support rod connected to the water outlet pipe, and the bottom frame is provided with a drainage port corresponding to the through port;

[0019] The elastic ring and the cleaning ring are both arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve, the cleaning ring is located above the elastic ring, and the inner diameters of the elastic ring and the cleaning ring are both adapted to the outer diameter of the sampling tube; and,

[0020] The driving member is arranged on the water outlet pipe and connected to the bottom frame, and is used for driving the bottom frame upward so that the sleeve is sleeved on the outer wall of the sampling tube.

[0021] A further improvement is that two groups of sealing plates 2 for closing the through opening are symmetrically arranged in the through opening, and the opposite ends of the two groups of sealing plates 2 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the through opening through elastic reset parts.

[0022] A further improvement is that the driving member comprises:

[0023] A floating plate is slidably mounted on the output end of the telescopic device and is located above the water outlet pipe. The floating plate is provided with a movable opening for the detection end to penetrate therein, and a rack is provided at the bottom of the floating plate; and,

[0024] The winding mechanism is rotatably arranged on the side wall of the water outlet pipe and meshes with the rack. A pull rope is wound on the outer wall of the winding mechanism, and the pull rope is connected to the bottom frame. When the floating plate moves toward the water outlet pipe, the rack drives the winding pull rope to pull the bottom frame upward.

[0025] A further improvement is that the sampling tube is detachably connected to the water outlet pipe, and the sleeve is detachably connected to the bottom frame.

[0026] A further improvement is that the sampling tube is threadedly connected to the water outlet pipe; a connecting base is clamped at the bottom of the outer sleeve, a hollow threaded column connected to the through port and the drain port is penetrated by the connecting base, and the lower end of the hollow threaded column is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the drain port.

[0027] A further improvement is that a ring-shaped part 1 is sleeved on the outer wall of the sampling tube and located below the water outlet pipe, and a male buckle is provided on the ring-shaped part 1; a ring-shaped part 2 is sleeved on the outer wall of the sleeve, and a female buckle matching the male buckle is provided on the ring-shaped part 2.

[0028] A method for evaluating the ecological risk of heavy metals in the Yangtze River Delta basin based on hydrodynamics, using the above system, includes the following steps:

[0029] S1: The hydrodynamic acquisition module is arranged at a designated location in the watershed to be monitored. The hydrodynamic acquisition module collects the heavy metal pollution data of the watershed to be monitored according to the changes in the hydrodynamic conditions, and transmits the heavy metal pollution data of the watershed to the risk assessment subsystem;

[0030] S2: The risk assessment subsystem builds a pollution risk assessment model based on historical pollution data, and obtains multiple corresponding weighted assessment levels through the pollution risk assessment model according to the heavy metal pollution data of the water body, and transmits the assessment levels to the monitoring terminal. The monitoring terminal displays the assessment levels through the display module and responds to the assessment levels in a graded manner through the warning module.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] 1) The present invention uses a hydrodynamic acquisition module, a risk assessment subsystem and a monitoring terminal to evaluate the heavy metal ecological risk of the monitored basin, wherein the hydrodynamic acquisition module can collect the heavy metal pollution data of the water bodies in the monitored basin according to the changes in hydrodynamic conditions, realize the automatic collection of water samples under different hydrodynamic conditions, improve the quality of the acquired water sample data, and thus improve the accuracy of the evaluation results, and the hydrodynamic acquisition module collects the water body in the monitored basin according to the changes in hydrodynamic conditions through the outlet pipe, the sampling pipe, the flow rate sensor and the solenoid valve, and after the collection, the outlet pipe is driven by the telescopic device, so that the detection end of the detection mechanism passes through the closure and enters the corresponding sampling pipe to detect the heavy metal pollution data of the water body, which is easy to use, can quickly obtain the heavy metal pollution data of the water bodies in the basin, reduces the labor intensity, and improves the efficiency of the heavy metal ecological risk assessment work;

[0033] 2) The present invention is also provided with a leak-proof part. The driving part in the leak-proof part can drive the bottom frame in the leak-proof part upward, and then the bottom frame drives the sleeve to be installed on the outer wall of the sampling tube. This method can effectively prevent the water sample from leaking from the outer wall of the sampling tube when the sampling tube leaves the water basin, affecting the subsequent water sample detection of the sampling tube, thereby ensuring the stability of the evaluation work. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hydrodynamic collection module of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the closure member of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the leakage-proof part of the present invention.

[0037] In the figure: 1. water outlet pipe; 2. mounting frame; 3. telescopic device; 4. sampling tube; 41. annular part 1; 5. guide cylinder; 6. detection mechanism; 7. solenoid valve; 8. detection end; 9. flow rate sensor; 10. floating plate; 11. rack; 12. sealing plate 1; 13. convex part; 14. leak-proof part; 141. sleeve; 142. through port; 143. elastic ring; 144. annular part 2; 145. cleaning ring; 146. sealing plate 2; 147. connecting base; 148. bottom frame; 149. hollow threaded column; 15. winding mechanism; 16. pull rope. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] Please see attached Figure 1

[0041] A system for evaluating the ecological risk of heavy metals in the Yangtze River Delta basin based on hydrodynamics, comprising a monitoring terminal, a risk assessment subsystem connected thereto, and at least one hydrodynamic acquisition module wirelessly connected to the risk assessment subsystem;

[0042] A hydrodynamic collection module is used to collect heavy metal pollution data of water bodies in the to-be-monitored basin according to changes in hydrodynamic conditions. The above-mentioned to-be-monitored basin is the Yangtze River Delta basin;

[0043] A risk assessment subsystem is used to build a pollution risk assessment model based on historical pollution data (the historical data can be collected by the hydrodynamic acquisition module within a set period of time), and obtain corresponding multiple weighted assessment levels through the pollution risk assessment model according to the heavy metal pollution data of the water body. For example, the risk assessment subsystem includes a model construction module and a pollution assessment module. The model construction module is connected to the hydrodynamic acquisition module, and the pollution assessment module is connected to the model construction module and the hydrodynamic acquisition module. The model construction module is used to divide the historical pollution data into a training set and a validation set, and train and adjust the parameters of the convolutional neural network to obtain a corresponding pollution risk assessment model; the pollution assessment module is used to process and assign weights to multiple pollution data, and input multiple pollution data with weights into the pollution risk assessment model respectively to obtain multiple weighted assessment levels;

[0044] The monitoring terminal includes a display module for displaying the evaluation level and an alarm module for responding to the evaluation level in a graded manner. Both the display module and the alarm module are conventional devices in the art and will not be described in detail herein.

[0045] in,

[0046] The hydrodynamic acquisition module includes:

[0047] The outlet pipe 1 is Y-shaped and is used for water from the basin to enter. The upper and lower parts of the outer wall of the outlet pipe 1 are respectively provided with a plurality of groups of closures and sampling tubes 4 connected thereto. The closures and the sampling tubes 4 correspond to each other one by one. For example, if there are five groups of sampling tubes 4, then there are also five groups of closures. The outer wall of the outlet pipe 1 is provided with a flow rate sensor 9. The flow rate sensor 9 is a conventional device in this field. Its model is selected according to the actual situation and is not described in detail here. The sampling tube 4 is provided with a solenoid valve 7 for controlling the entry of water; and,

[0048] The mounting frame 2 is arranged above the water outlet pipe 1. The mounting frame 2 can be installed on a bracket fixed to the water basin to be monitored or on a device that can move on the water surface. The mounting frame 2 is connected to the water outlet pipe 1 through a telescopic device 3. The telescopic device 3 is, for example, an electric telescopic rod, which can drive the water outlet pipe 1 to move up and down. The mounting frame 2 is provided with a plurality of detection mechanisms 6 and a controller electrically connected to the flow rate sensor 9 and the detection mechanism 6. The detection mechanism 6 is, for example, a water quality detector, etc. The controller is used to control the electrical components in the acquisition module, and the controller can be arranged on the mounting frame 2;

[0049] In this implementation, the sampling method uses the following steps:

[0050] S1: Set the sampling frequency of the flow rate sensor 9 to 2 times per second, and number the sampling tubes 4 in sequence, namely M1, M2, M3, M4, and M5, with the initial number being M1;

[0051] S2: The controller analyzes the data transmitted by the flow velocity sensor 9 at the i-th moment;

[0052] S3: Calculate the standard deviation Δ of the two flow rate data collected at the i-th time. If Δ≤0.15, do not start the controller K value calculation program to achieve the energy saving effect of the controller. i=i+1, repeat step S2; if Δ>0.15, proceed to step S4;

[0053] S4: The controller further calculates the K value, vi1 and vi2 are two consecutive flow rate data collected at the i-th moment, K>2.0, then no sampling is performed, i=i+1, and step S2 is repeated; if K≤2.0, then the solenoid valve 7 of the Mn-th sampling tube 4 is controlled to open the water inlet of the sampling tube 4 for sampling, and the water inlet of the sampling tube 4 is closed after the sampling is completed, and the sampling time is recorded;

[0054] S5: The controller determines whether the Mpth sampling tube 4 is full. If not, the process proceeds to step S2. If full, the controller determines whether the sampling tube 4 is the M5th sampling tube 4. If so, the sampling ends. If not, n=n+1, the process proceeds to step S2.

[0055] S6: After the sampling is completed, detection is performed through the detection mechanism 6.

[0056] The detection mechanism 6 has a detection end 8 for passing through the sealing member and being inserted into the sampling tube 4 . The detection mechanism 6 contacts the water in the sampling tube 4 through the detection end 8 for detection.

[0057] Please see attached Figure 2

[0058] Preferably, the sealing member of this embodiment includes:

[0059] The guide cylinder 5 is fixedly arranged on the upper part of the outer wall of the water outlet pipe 1 and is inserted into the detection end 8; both ends of the inner wall of the guide cylinder 5 are integrally provided with convex parts 13 horizontally; and,

[0060] Two groups of sealing plates 12 are horizontally fitted at the bottom of the two groups of protrusions 13, respectively, and are used to close the guide cylinder 5. The guide cylinder 5 can be closed by the sealing plate 12, so that when the outlet pipe 1 enters the watershed, the water in the watershed can only enter from one end of the outlet pipe 1 and be discharged from the other end. The opposite ends of the two groups of sealing plates 12 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the guide cylinder 5 through elastic reset members, respectively. The elastic reset member includes a rotating shaft and a torsion spring, which is used to drive the sealing plate 12 to always fit the protrusion 13 to close the guide cylinder 5. During detection, the detection end 8 enters the guide cylinder 5 to squeeze the two groups of sealing plates 12 to flip downward and open each other, and then the detection end 8 can continue to enter the corresponding sampling tube 4.

[0061] Please see attached Figure 3

[0062] Preferably, the hydrodynamic collection module of this embodiment further includes a leak-proof member 14, which is used to prevent the sampling tube 4 from leaking due to rupture or damage after it leaves the watershed, thereby affecting the subsequent detection of the water sample by the detection end 8;

[0063] The leakage-proof member 14 comprises:

[0064] A plurality of sleeves 141 corresponding to the sampling tubes 4 and having a hollow top, a through hole 142 is provided at the bottom of the sleeve 141, and the sleeve 141 is at the same height as the sampling tube 4. Because the sleeve 141 enters the water area with the outlet pipe 1, the through hole 142 can discharge the water entering the sleeve 141 to avoid affecting the water sample in the sampling tube 4;

[0065] The bottom frame 148 is connected to the sleeve 141. The bottom frame 148 is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the support rod connected to the water outlet pipe 1. The bottom frame 148 is provided with a drainage port corresponding to the through port 142, so that the water discharged through the through port 142 is discharged through the drainage port;

[0066] The elastic ring 143 and the cleaning ring 145 are both arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve 141. The cleaning ring 145 is located above the elastic ring 143. The inner diameters of the elastic ring 143 and the cleaning ring 145 are both adapted to the outer diameter of the sampling tube 4. The elastic ring 143 can be made of rubber material. The elastic ring 143 contacts the outer wall of the sampling tube 4, so that when the outer wall of the sampling tube 4 is damaged and leaks, the water sample in the sampling tube 4 can be prevented from seeping out from the damaged part. The cleaning ring 145 can be a brush cleaning ring with bristles inside, which can also clean the sampling tube 4 when the sleeve 141 moves; and,

[0067] The driving member is arranged on the water outlet pipe 1 and connected to the bottom frame 148, and is used to drive the bottom frame 148 upward so that the sleeve 141 is sleeved on the outer wall of the sampling tube 4, effectively preventing the subsequent water sample detection from being affected by water leakage of the sampling tube 4.

[0068] Preferably, two groups of sealing plates 146 for closing the opening 142 are symmetrically provided in the opening 142 of the present embodiment, and the opposite ends of the two groups of sealing plates 146 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the opening 142 through elastic reset parts respectively. The sampling tube 4 enters the sleeve 141, squeezes the water in the sleeve 141, and then the water drives the sealing plates 146 to open downward, and then the water is discharged from the sleeve 141 from the opening 142. When the sampling tube 4 contacts the inner wall of the bottom of the sleeve 141, the water in the sleeve 141 is discharged. Therefore, the sealing plates 146 are reset under the action of the elastic reset part, so that a closed space is formed in the sleeve 141, thereby preventing the water sample in the sampling tube 4 from leaking.

[0069] Preferably, the driving member of this embodiment includes:

[0070] The floating plate 10 is slidably mounted on the output end of the telescopic device 3 and is located above the outlet pipe 1. When the outlet pipe 1 enters the water area, the floating plate 10 floats upward to the surface of the water under the buoyancy of the water body. The floating plate 10 is provided with an active opening for the detection end 8 to penetrate, and a rack 11 is provided at the bottom of the floating plate 10; and,

[0071] The winding mechanism 15 is rotatably arranged on the side wall of the water outlet pipe 1 and meshed with the rack 11. The winding mechanism 15 includes a winch and a gear arranged at one end of the winch and meshed with the rack 11. A pull rope 16 is wound on the outer wall of the winding mechanism 15, and the pull rope 16 is connected to the bottom frame 148. When the telescopic device 3 drives the water outlet pipe 1 upward, the floating plate 10 moves toward the water outlet pipe 1 under the action of its own gravity. When the floating plate 10 moves toward the water outlet pipe 1, the winding mechanism 15 is driven by the rack 11 to pull the winding pull rope 16 to pull the bottom frame 148 upward.

[0072] Preferably, the sampling tube 4 of this embodiment is detachably connected to the water outlet pipe 1 , and the sleeve 141 is detachably connected to the bottom frame 148 .

[0073] Preferably, the sampling tube 4 of this embodiment is threadedly connected to the water outlet pipe 1. For example, the top of the sampling tube 4 is provided with an external thread, and the bottom of the water outlet pipe 1 is provided with a threaded hole adapted thereto; a connecting base 147 is clamped at the bottom of the sleeve 141, and a hollow threaded column 149 connected to the through port 142 and the drain port is penetrated through the connecting base 147, and the lower end of the hollow threaded column 149 is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the drain port. It should be noted that the external thread of the outer wall of the hollow threaded column 149 is in the same direction as the external thread of the outer wall of the sampling tube 4. The sampling tube 4 can be separated from the water outlet pipe 1 by rotating the sampling tube 4 and the sleeve 141, and the connecting base 147 moves downward, so that the sampling tube 4 and the sleeve 141 can be disassembled for replacement or maintenance.

[0074] Preferably, the outer wall of the sampling tube 4 of the present embodiment is sleeved with a ring-shaped part 41 located below the water outlet pipe 1, and the ring-shaped part 41 is provided with a male buckle. The outer wall of the sleeve 141 is sleeved with a ring-shaped part 144, and the ring-shaped part 144 is provided with a female buckle matched with the male buckle. Both the male buckle and the female buckle are conventional structures in the field and are not described in detail here. After the sleeve 141 is moved upward to the final position, the sleeve 141 is clamped with the sampling tube 4. When the sampling tube 4 is replaced subsequently, it is only necessary to rotate the sleeve 141.

[0075] A method for evaluating the ecological risk of heavy metals in the Yangtze River Delta basin based on hydrodynamics, using the above system, includes the following steps:

[0076] S1: The hydrodynamic acquisition module is arranged at a designated location in the watershed to be monitored. The hydrodynamic acquisition module collects the heavy metal pollution data of the watershed to be monitored according to the changes in the hydrodynamic conditions, and transmits the heavy metal pollution data of the watershed to the risk assessment subsystem;

[0077] S2: The risk assessment subsystem builds a pollution risk assessment model based on historical pollution data, and obtains multiple corresponding weighted assessment levels through the pollution risk assessment model according to the heavy metal pollution data of the water body, and transmits the assessment levels to the monitoring terminal. The monitoring terminal displays the assessment levels through the display module and responds to the assessment levels in a graded manner through the warning module.

[0078] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A system for assessing the ecological risk of heavy metals in the Yangtze River Delta basin based on hydrodynamics, characterized in that: It includes a monitoring terminal, a risk assessment subsystem connected thereto, and at least one hydrodynamic acquisition module wirelessly connected to the risk assessment subsystem; The hydrodynamic collection module is used to collect heavy metal pollution data of the water bodies in the monitored basin according to the changes in hydrodynamic conditions; A risk assessment subsystem, for constructing a pollution risk assessment model based on historical pollution data, and obtaining corresponding multiple weighted assessment levels through the pollution risk assessment model according to the heavy metal pollution data of the water body; as well as The monitoring terminal includes a display module for displaying the evaluation level and an alarm module for grading the response evaluation level.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrodynamic collection module comprises: A water outlet pipe (1), wherein the upper and lower parts of the outer wall of the water outlet pipe (1) are respectively provided with a plurality of groups of sealing members and sampling tubes (4) connected thereto, wherein the sealing members and the sampling tubes (4) correspond to each other one by one, a flow rate sensor (9) is provided on the outer wall of the water outlet pipe (1), and a solenoid valve (7) is provided inside the sampling tube (4); and, A mounting frame (2) is arranged above the water outlet pipe (1), the mounting frame (2) being connected to the water outlet pipe (1) via a telescopic device (3), the mounting frame (2) being provided with a plurality of detection mechanisms (6) and a controller electrically connected to a flow rate sensor (9) and the detection mechanism (6), the detection mechanism (6) having a detection end (8) for passing through a sealing member and inserting into a sampling tube (4).

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The closure member comprises: A guide cylinder (5) is fixedly mounted on the upper portion of the outer wall of the water outlet pipe (1) and is for the detection end (8) to be inserted into, and both ends of the inner wall of the guide cylinder (5) are integrally provided with convex portions (13); and, Two sets of sealing plates (12) are respectively arranged horizontally on the bottom of the two sets of protrusions (13) to close the guide tube (5). The opposite ends of the two sets of sealing plates (12) are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the guide tube (5) through elastic reset parts.

4. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hydrodynamic collection module further comprises: a leak-proof component (14); the leak-proof component (14) comprises: A plurality of sleeves (141) corresponding one to one with the sampling tubes (4) and having a hollow top, wherein a through opening (142) is provided at the bottom of the sleeves (141), and the sleeves (141) and the sampling tubes (4) are at the same height; A bottom frame (148) connected to a sleeve (141), wherein the bottom frame (148) is slidably sleeved on an outer wall of a support rod connected to the water outlet pipe (1), and a liquid discharge port corresponding to the through port (142) is provided on the bottom frame (148); The elastic ring (143) and the cleaning ring (145) are both arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve (141), the cleaning ring (145) is located above the elastic ring (143), and the inner diameters of the elastic ring (143) and the cleaning ring (145) are both adapted to the outer diameter of the sampling tube (4); and, The driving member is arranged on the water outlet pipe (1) and connected to the bottom frame (148), and is used to drive the bottom frame (148) upward so that the sleeve (141) is sleeved on the outer wall of the sampling tube (4).

5. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that: Two sets of sealing plates (146) for closing the through opening (142) are symmetrically arranged in the through opening (142), and opposite ends of the two sets of sealing plates (146) are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the through opening (142) through elastic reset parts.

6. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving member comprises: A floating plate (10) is slidably mounted on the output end of the telescopic device (3) and is located above the water outlet pipe (1). The floating plate (10) is provided with a movable opening for the detection end (8) to penetrate therethrough. A rack (11) is provided at the bottom of the floating plate (10); and, The winding mechanism (15) is rotatably arranged on the side wall of the water outlet pipe (1) and meshes with the rack (11). A pull rope (16) is wound around the outer wall of the winding mechanism (15). The pull rope (16) is connected to the bottom frame (148). When the floating plate (10) moves toward the water outlet pipe (1), the rack (11) drives the winding pull rope (16) to pull the bottom frame (148) upward.

7. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sampling tube (4) is detachably connected to the water outlet pipe (1), and the sleeve (141) is detachably connected to the bottom frame (148).

8. The evaluation system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sampling tube (4) is threadedly connected to the water outlet pipe (1); a connecting base (147) is clamped at the bottom of the outer sleeve (141); a hollow threaded column (149) connected to the through port (142) and the liquid discharge port is penetrated through the connecting base (147); the lower end of the hollow threaded column (149) is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the liquid discharge port.

9. The system according to claim 8, characterized in that: An annular component 1 (41) is sleeved on the outer wall of the sampling tube (4) and located below the water outlet pipe (1), and a male buckle is provided on the annular component 1 (41). An annular component 2 (144) is sleeved on the outer wall of the sleeve (141), and a female buckle matching the male buckle is provided on the annular component 2 (144).

10. A method for evaluating the ecological risk of heavy metals in the Yangtze River Delta basin based on hydrodynamics, using the system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: The hydrodynamic acquisition module is arranged at a designated location in the watershed to be monitored. The hydrodynamic acquisition module collects the heavy metal pollution data of the watershed to be monitored according to the changes in the hydrodynamic conditions, and transmits the heavy metal pollution data of the watershed to the risk assessment subsystem; S2: The risk assessment subsystem builds a pollution risk assessment model based on historical pollution data, and obtains multiple corresponding weighted assessment levels through the pollution risk assessment model according to the heavy metal pollution data of the water body, and transmits the assessment levels to the monitoring terminal. The monitoring terminal displays the assessment levels through the display module and responds to the assessment levels in a graded manner through the warning module.

Images