Lucid ganoderma water extraction method capable of reducing cost

Abstract

The invention discloses a ganoderma lucidum water extraction method capable of reducing cost, which comprises the following steps of: putting ganoderma lucidum coarse powder into an extraction tank, adding water to cook and keep boiling, extracting for 2-3 times, 2 hours each time, filtering, combining extracted filtrate, concentrating the filtrate, and drying by microwaves to control the moisture to be 4-6%; wherein the conditions adopted for the first time of extraction by adding water are as follows: boiling and preserving heat for 2 hours, and then standing for 12-14 hours under the condition of 60-65 DEG C. Under the condition of ensuring high extraction rate and transfer rate of polysaccharide, the method provided by the invention reduces the raw material cost, shortens the extraction time, reduces the preparation process, reduces the equipment operation cost, saves energy and reduces consumption, and has significant significance for industrial batch production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of drug extraction, and in particular relates to a ganoderma lucidum extraction method capable of significantly reducing costs. Background Art

[0002] There are three types of Ganoderma lucidum used for extraction in enterprises, namely yellow-plate red Ganoderma lucidum, powdered large-flowered red Ganoderma lucidum, and spore-powdered small-flowered red Ganoderma lucidum. The difference in the content of crude polysaccharides among the three is yellow-plate red Ganoderma lucidum> powdered large-flowered red Ganoderma lucidum> spore-powdered small-flowered red Ganoderma lucidum. Yellow-plate red Ganoderma lucidum is usually used more in production, but the price of spore-powdered red Ganoderma lucidum is only half of that of yellow-plate red Ganoderma lucidum, which is lower in cost. For industrial mass production, production cost is one of the lifelines of the enterprise. Therefore, on the one hand, it is necessary to reduce the cost of raw materials, and on the other hand, it is a problem that needs to be solved at the same time to ensure the extraction of crude polysaccharide content. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies, the applicant has provided a method for extracting Ganoderma lucidum water that can significantly reduce costs from the perspective of improving quality and efficiency and reducing costs for mass production. This method is particularly suitable for industrial mass production and can significantly improve the core competitiveness of the enterprise.

[0004] The object of the present invention is achieved in the following ways:

[0005] A method for extracting ganoderma lucidum with water with reduced cost, the method comprising the following steps:

[0006] Put the coarse powder of Ganoderma lucidum into an extraction tank, add water and boil for 2-3 times, each time for 2 hours, filter, combine the extraction filtrate, concentrate the filtrate, and use microwave drying to control the moisture content to 4-5%; wherein, the conditions used for the first water extraction are: boiling and keeping warm for 2 hours, and then standing at 60-65°C for 12-14 hours;

[0007] Preferably, the above-mentioned Ganoderma lucidum is yellow plate red Ganoderma lucidum or powdered large flower red Ganoderma lucidum, and powdered large flower red Ganoderma lucidum is most preferred.

[0008] The preferred number of extractions is 3 times.

[0009] Preferably, the amount of water used in the first extraction is 10-12 times the weight of Ganoderma lucidum.

[0010] Preferably, the amount of water used in the second extraction is 8 times the weight of Ganoderma lucidum.

[0011] The amount of water used in the third extraction is 7 times the weight of the Ganoderma lucidum.

[0012] The preferred filter pore size is 80 mesh.

[0013] Preferably, the microwave drying time is 5-6 hours.

[0014] The temperature of the standing temperature is preferably 60°C.

[0015] Most preferably, the present invention specifically adopts the following method:

[0016] Put the crude powder of ganoderma lucidum into an extraction tank, add water 12 times the weight of ganoderma lucidum, boil and keep warm for 2 hours, then stand at 60°C for 14 hours, separate the extract, filter through 80 meshes, add water 8 times the weight of the residue, steam and keep boiling for 2 hours, separate the extract, filter through 80 meshes, add water 7 times the weight of the residue, keep boiling for 2 hours, separate the extract, filter through 80 meshes, combine the filtrate, concentrate, and microwave dry for 6 hours to control the moisture content to 4-6%.

[0017] The plant water extraction rate and content are mainly related to the material properties (material characteristics, whether it is crushed, etc.), the number of times water is added during water extraction, the extraction water temperature and time, the number of extractions and other conditions.

[0018] The traditional water extraction method is to soak the ganoderma lucidum for more than 24 hours before water extraction. The present invention adopts a specific process, which adopts the method of steaming first and then soaking, which can significantly shorten the soaking time and extraction time, and at the same time ensure that the extraction rate of the effective ingredients is not reduced, which has significant significance for industrial large-scale production.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0020] The method of the present invention reduces the cost of raw materials, shortens the extraction time, reduces the preparation process, reduces the cost of equipment operation, saves energy and reduces consumption, and significantly reduces the overall production cost, while ensuring that the effective ingredients can be fully extracted. It has a significant meaning for industrial mass production. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with several preferred embodiments. This embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the invention, and a detailed implementation method and specific operation process are given, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0022] The experimental methods described in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and are performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the field or according to the product instructions. The materials, reagents, etc. described in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified. The following powdered large-flowered red ganoderma and yellow-plate red ganoderma are both produced in Huangshan area of ​​China.

[0023] Example 1

[0024] Take 5 kg of yellow plate red Ganoderma lucidum powder, add 75 kg of water (15 times the weight), heat and boil for 1.5 hours, then extract the filtrate (100 mesh), then add 45 kg (9 times) of tap water, heat and boil for 1.5 hours, extract the filtrate (100 mesh), then add 45 kg (9 times) of tap water, heat and boil for 1.5 hours, extract the filtrate (100 mesh), combine the filtrates and concentrate them to a total of 6 kg, collect 0.3 kg after microwave drying, with 5% moisture and 6% extraction rate.

[0025] Example 2

[0026] Take 85 kg of yellow plate red Ganoderma lucidum powder, add 1105 kg (13 times) of water, heat and boil for 2 hours, let it stand for 13 hours, extract the filtrate (200 mesh), then add 765 kg (9 times) of tap water, heat and boil for 2 hours, extract the filtrate (200 mesh), then add 680 kg (8 times) of tap water, heat and boil for 2 hours, extract the filtrate (200 mesh), combine the filtrates, concentrate them, and microwave dry them to obtain 5.95 kg of material with 5% moisture and 7% extraction rate.

[0027] Example 3

[0028] Take 75kg of large red ganoderma lucidum sprayed with powder, and collect 73kg after coarse crushing. Put it into a 3T extraction tank, add 876kg (about 12 times) of drinking water, (60℃) stand and soak for 24 hours, boil and keep warm for 2 hours. Extract the extract (80 mesh filter double layer), add 584kg (about 8 times) of drinking water, steam and keep boiling for 2 hours, extract the extract (80 mesh filter double layer), then add 511kg (about 7 times) of drinking water, keep boiling for 2 hours, extract the extract (80 mesh filter double layer), concentrate, the concentrate is 33.7kg, the density is 1.032, the temperature is 42℃. After drying, it is 4.7kg, and the moisture content is 5.3%.

[0029] Example 4

[0030] Take 87kg of large red ganoderma lucidum sprayed with powder, and collect 86.1kg after coarse crushing, put into 3T extraction tank, add 1033.2kg (about 12 times) of drinking water, boil and keep warm for 2 hours, then let stand for 14 hours (60℃). Extract the extract (80 mesh filter double layer), add 689kg (about 8 times) of drinking water, boil and keep boiling for 2 hours, extract the extract (80 mesh filter double layer), then add 602.7kg (about 7 times) of drinking water, keep boiling for 2 hours, extract the extract (80 mesh filter double layer), and concentrate it in single effect. After drying, it is 6.2kg, with a moisture content of 5.45%.

[0031] Example 5

[0032] Take 150 kg of coarse powder of large red ganoderma lucidum (maximum amount of the extraction tank), put it into a 3T extraction tank, add 1800 kg (12 times) of tap water, boil and keep warm for 2 hours, then stand for 14 hours (60°C). After extracting the extract (filtered with 80 mesh), add 1200 kg (8 times) of tap water, steam and keep boiling for 2 hours, extract the extract (filtered with 80 mesh), then add 1050 kg (7 times) of tap water, keep boiling for 2 hours, extract the extract (filtered with 80 mesh), combine the filtrate and concentrate it, and after microwave drying for 6 hours, the weight is 9.35 kg, with a moisture content of 5% and an extraction rate of 6.23%.

[0033] Comparative Example 1

[0034] Take 85 kg of yellow plate red ganoderma lucidum coarse powder, add 1020 kg (12 times) of water, let it stand and soak for 14 hours, heat and boil for 2 hours, extract the filtrate (80 mesh), then add 680 kg (8 times) of tap water, heat and boil for 2 hours, extract the filtrate (80 mesh), then add 595 kg (7 times) of tap water, heat and boil for 2 hours, extract the filtrate (80 mesh), combine the filtrate and concentrate it to 23 kg, with a density of 1.046. Then microwave drying to collect 3.3 kg of material, with a moisture content of 5% and an extraction rate of 3.88%.

[0035] Summary table of test data of Examples 1-5 and Comparative Example 1

[0036]

[0037] In summary, the crude polysaccharide content of the Ganoderma lucidum extract using the method of the present invention is usually 22.5-24%, and the extraction rate is 6-7.5%, while the crude polysaccharide extraction rate of soaking first and then decocting is only about 3.88%. The extraction results of the powdered large-flowered red Ganoderma lucidum and the yellow-plate red Ganoderma lucidum are similar, but the price of the yellow-plate red Ganoderma lucidum is nearly 2 times that of the powdered large-flowered red Ganoderma lucidum. The preferred raw material is the powdered large-flowered red Ganoderma lucidum. The most preferred batch production process steps are determined as follows: take 150 kg of large red Ganoderma lucidum sprayed with powder (the maximum amount of the extraction tank), coarsely grind it and put it into the extraction tank, add 1800 kg (12 times) of tap water, boil and keep warm for 2 hours, then let it stand for about 14 hours (the temperature used for standing is 60°C), extract the extract (80 mesh) and then add 1200 kg (8 times) of tap water, steam and keep boiling for 2 hours, extract the extract (80 mesh), then add 1050 kg (7 times) of tap water, keep boiling for 2 hours, extract the extract (80 mesh), combine the filtrate and concentrate it, and control the moisture content to about 5% after microwave drying for 6 hours.

[0038] The above crude polysaccharide content is determined in accordance with the polysaccharide determination method in Appendix B (Normative Appendix) of Q / NJZK 0007S-2020.

[0039] Polysaccharide determination method

[0040] B.1 Principle

[0041] Use hot water to extract total sugars, and use high-concentration ethanol to precipitate polysaccharides; sugars react with sulfuric acid and dehydrate to generate hydroxymethyl furan formaldehyde (hydroxymethyl sugar alcohol), which then condenses with anthrone to form a blue compound, the color depth of which is proportional to the concentration of sugar in the solution. Quantitative determination can be performed using a spectrophotometer, and the absorption wavelength is 625nm.

[0042] B.2 Instruments and reagents

[0043] Spectrophotometer, electric constant temperature water bath, analytical balance, centrifuge, glucose (AR), anthrone (AR), concentrated sulfuric acid (AR), ethanol (AR). Anthrone reagent (0.1 g anthrone dissolved in 100 ml of 80% concentrated sulfuric acid).

[0044] B.3 Sample processing

[0045] Take 1g of the sample contents under the item of filling volume difference, weigh accurately, add 90ml of hot water, extract in a boiling water bath for 2h, dilute to 100ml volumetric flask, filter, accurately measure 2ml, add 30ml of ethanol, shake well, place at 4℃ for 12h, take out and centrifuge, pour off the supernatant, dissolve the precipitate in water, shake well, dilute to 100ml as the test solution.

[0046] B.4 Preparation of standard curve

[0047] Prepare 100 mg / L glucose solution, accurately measure 0.2 ml, 0.4 ml, 0.6 ml, 0.8 ml, 1.0 ml, 1.2 ml of the reference solution, respectively place them in 10 ml volumetric flasks, add water to 2.0 ml, then accurately add 6 ml of anthrone sulfate solution, shake well, heat in a boiling water bath for 15 minutes, take out, shake well, cool in ice water for 15 minutes, use the corresponding reagent as blank, and test according to the UV-visible spectrophotometry, measure the absorbance at a wavelength of 625 nm, and draw a standard curve with absorbance as the ordinate and concentration as the abscissa.

[0048] B.5 Determination of polysaccharides in samples

[0049] Accurately measure 2 ml of the test solution and place it in a 10 ml stoppered test tube. According to the method under the standard curve preparation, starting from "add 6 ml of anthrone sulfate solution", determine the absorbance according to the law, read the amount of glucose in the test solution from the standard curve, and calculate the result.

[0050] B.6 Calculation

[0051] Calculation formula:

[0052]

[0053] Where:

[0054] X---------polysaccharide content in the sample, g / 100g;

[0055] m1--------the mass of glucose in the sample test solution, mg;

[0056] m---------mass of sample, mg;

[0057] V1--------Sample processing volume, ml;

[0058] V2--------volume of sample solution used to precipitate polysaccharides, ml;

[0059] V3--------precipitated polysaccharide fixed volume, ml;

[0060] V4--------Volume of sample solution used for measurement, ml.

Claims

1. A method for extracting Ganoderma lucidum with water to reduce costs, characterized in that The method comprises the following steps: Put the ganoderma lucidum powder into an extraction tank, add water and steam to boil for 2-3 times, each time for 2 hours, filter, combine the extraction filtrate, concentrate the filtrate, and use microwave drying to control the moisture content to 4-6%; wherein, the conditions used for the first water extraction are: after boiling and keeping warm for 2 hours, let it stand at 60-65℃ for 12-14 hours.

2. The method for extracting Ganoderma lucidum from water according to claim 1, characterized in that The ganoderma lucidum is yellow plate red ganoderma lucidum or powder-sprayed large flower red ganoderma lucidum.

3. The method for extracting Ganoderma lucidum from water according to claim 1, characterized in that The boiling extraction is performed three times.

4. The method for extracting Ganoderma lucidum from water according to claim 3, characterized in that The amount of water used in the first extraction is 10-12 times the weight of the Ganoderma lucidum.

5. The method for extracting Ganoderma lucidum from water according to claim 3, characterized in that The amount of water used in the second extraction is 8 times the weight of the Ganoderma lucidum.

6. The method for extracting Ganoderma lucidum from water according to claim 3, characterized in that The amount of water used in the third extraction is 7 times the weight of the Ganoderma lucidum.

7. The method for extracting Ganoderma lucidum from water according to claim 1, characterized in that The filtering aperture is 80 meshes.

8. The method for extracting Ganoderma lucidum from water according to claim 1, characterized in that The microwave drying time is 5-6 hours.

9. The method for extracting Ganoderma lucidum from water according to claim 1, characterized in that The temperature used for the static state is 60°C.

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