Solid waste resourceful treatment method

Abstract

The invention discloses a solid waste resourceful treatment method in the technical field. The solid waste resourceful treatment method comprises the steps that converged and concentrated solid waste is classified; the building garbage obtained after classification is subjected to crushing treatment; detecting the fineness, the pH value and the conductivity of the crushed garbage; when the fineness of the garbage does not reach the soil use standard, fine grinding and adding adjustment are conducted on the garbage; when the pH value and the conductivity of the garbage do not reach the soil use standard, carrying out water washing adjustment on the garbage; when the conductivity of the garbage reaches the soil use standard and the pH value does not reach the soil use standard, adjusting the pH value of the garbage; and when the fineness, the pH value and the conductivity of the garbage all reach the standard of the used soil, adding organic substances into the garbage, and using the garbage as the used soil. According to the method, through the processing processes of summarizing and classifying, coarse crushing treatment and adjustment, washing adjustment, pH value adjustment, organic biological treatment and the like, the index value of the solid waste is adjusted to be similar to the standard of used soil, and environmental pollution is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a solid waste resource treatment method, belonging to the technical field of waste treatment. Background Art

[0002] Solid waste resource utilization refers to a technical method that takes management and process measures to recover materials and energy from solid waste, accelerate the circulation of materials and energy, and create a wide range of economic value.

[0003] At present, the final treatment of solid waste in my country is mainly landfill and open-air dumping. Most cities directly transport untreated solid waste to rural areas and dispose of it by open-air dumping and landfill. There are different types of solid waste. This direct landfill method not only wastes recyclable waste in the garbage, but also because the coarseness, pH value and conductivity of solid waste are different from those of actual soil, direct landfill will change the relevant index parameters of the soil, endanger the survival of local animals, plants and microorganisms, cause environmental safety risks, and hinder the healthy development of cities. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a method for resource processing of solid waste. Through the processes of aggregation and classification, coarse crushing, water washing and adjustment, addition of acidic or alkaline substances to adjust the pH, addition of organic biological treatment and the like, solid waste is processed into bio-organic soil to become agricultural planting soil, thereby reducing pollution and being more environmentally friendly.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for recycling solid waste, comprising:

[0007] Separate the collected solid waste;

[0008] Crushing and processing the construction waste obtained after classification;

[0009] Detect the coarseness, pH value and conductivity of the garbage after crushing;

[0010] When the coarseness of the garbage does not meet the soil use standard, the coarseness of the garbage is adjusted;

[0011] When the pH value and conductivity of the garbage do not meet the soil use standard, the garbage is washed and adjusted;

[0012] When the conductivity of the garbage reaches the standard of soil for use but the pH value does not reach the standard of soil for use, the pH value of the garbage is adjusted;

[0013] When the coarseness, pH value and conductivity of the garbage reach the standards for usable soil, organic matter is added to the garbage and it can be used as usable soil.

[0014] Furthermore, the collected solid waste is classified, including: the collected solid waste is divided into metal waste, combustible waste and construction waste by mechanical classification, the metal waste is classified and packaged and sent to metal recycling manufacturers for processing, and the combustible waste is sent to waste incineration power plants for processing.

[0015] Furthermore, the mechanical classification includes: after obtaining image information of solid waste through an image acquisition device, the analysis module analyzes and determines the image information to obtain the location of different types of waste, and finally sends the analysis data to the controller, and the controller sends an execution instruction to the execution component for fine classification.

[0016] Furthermore, the construction waste obtained after classification is crushed, including: screening the roughly crushed waste according to the size standard of 50 mm, re-crushing the waste larger than 50 mm until the waste size is less than 50 mm; and performing depth adjustment on the waste smaller than 50 mm.

[0017] Furthermore, the depth adjustment treatment of garbage less than 50 mm includes:

[0018] After testing the content of particles larger than 1mm and particles between 0.9mm and 1mm in the garbage, compare them with the soil standard;

[0019] When the content of particles larger than 1mm and the content of particles between 0.9mm and 1mm in the garbage are both greater than the soil standard, the garbage is subjected to secondary fine grinding and the coarseness is retested;

[0020] When the content of particles larger than 1mm in the garbage exceeds the soil standard and the content of particles between 0.9mm and 1mm meets the soil standard, the garbage is finely ground for the second time and the coarseness is retested;

[0021] When the content of particles larger than 1mm in the garbage meets the soil standard and the content of particles between 0.9mm and 1mm is larger than the soil standard, the garbage is finely ground for the second time and coarse particles larger than 1mm are added to retest the coarseness;

[0022] When the content of particles larger than 1 mm in the garbage is less than the soil standard and the content of particles between 0.9 mm and 1 mm meets the soil standard, add coarse particles larger than 1 mm to the garbage and retest the coarseness;

[0023] When the content of particles larger than 1mm and particles between 0.9mm and 1mm in the garbage is less than the soil standard, coarse particles larger than 1mm are added to the garbage and then a secondary fine grinding treatment is performed to re-test the coarseness.

[0024] Further, the garbage is washed and conditioned, including:

[0025] Obtain water body index values, garbage current index values, and garbage target index values;

[0026] Based on the water body index value, the current garbage index value and the garbage target index value, the theoretical value of the number of times solid garbage is washed to meet the soil use standard is calculated in combination with the water washing number calculation formula;

[0027] Determine the actual value of the number of water washing times based on the theoretical value of the number of water washing times;

[0028] The garbage washing is adjusted according to the actual number of washing times.

[0029] Furthermore, the calculation formula for the number of water washes is:

[0030]

[0031] In the formula: Y is the theoretical value of the number of water washings for solid waste to meet the specified standards, A is the current pH value of solid waste, B is the current conductivity of solid waste, C is the content of particles below 0.09 mm in solid waste, D is the overall weight of solid waste, E is the inorganic content of solid waste, a is the pH value of the water used for washing, b is the conductivity of the water, d is the weight of the water, e is the inorganic content of the water, f is the water temperature, ω is the target pH value of solid waste, ξ is the target conductivity of solid waste, α is the first influencing factor, β is the second influencing factor, χ is the third influencing factor, δ is the fourth influencing factor, ε is the fifth influencing factor, and φ is the sixth influencing factor.

[0032] Furthermore, the actual value of the number of water washes is determined based on the theoretical value of the number of water washes, including: when the theoretical value of the number of water washes is not an integer, taking the smallest integer greater than the theoretical value of the number of water washes as the actual value of the number of water washes; when the theoretical value of the number of water washes is an integer, directly determining the theoretical value of the number of water washes as the actual value of the number of water washes.

[0033] Furthermore, when the conductivity of the garbage reaches the standard of the soil used but the pH value does not reach the standard of the soil used, the pH value of the garbage is adjusted, including:

[0034] Step 1, based on the current pH value of the solid waste and the target pH value of the solid waste, combined with the acidity and alkalinity concentration of the substance to be added, calculate the amount of the substance to be added when the waste reaches the target pH value of the solid waste;

[0035] Step 2: determining the actual amount of the substance to be added based on the calculated amount of the substance to be added;

[0036] Step 3: After adjusting the pH value of the garbage according to the actual amount of the substance to be added, measure again to obtain the current pH value of the garbage. If the target pH value of the solid garbage is reached, the pH value adjustment is completed, otherwise, step 1 is executed again.

[0037] Furthermore, the organic matter includes plant organic matter, animal organic matter and commercial organic matter. The plant organic matter includes sawdust, dead leaves, straw and fermented and decayed products thereof; the animal organic matter includes sewage, feces, animal carcasses and fermented and decayed products thereof.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0039] 1. The present invention adjusts the index values ​​of solid waste to a standard close to that of soil by coarse crushing, fine grinding, coarseness adjustment, water washing, pH value adjustment with acidic and alkaline substances, and organic biological treatment of construction waste classified from solid waste. Returning to the field or landfill is more conducive to the growth of plants and animals and the survival of microorganisms, greatly reducing environmental pollution, saving a lot of precious land, turning garbage into resources, promoting economic development, providing a strong driving force for sustainable social and economic development, and providing a new idea and method for solving urban garbage problems and building beautiful villages;

[0040] Second, this aspect obtains image information of solid waste by image acquisition, analyzes and determines the location of different types of waste, and then sends execution instructions to the execution component by the controller to classify the solid waste, which not only saves labor costs, but also greatly speeds up the classification speed, which is conducive to improving the overall efficiency of solid waste treatment;

[0041] 3. The present invention obtains water body index values, current garbage index values ​​and target garbage index values, and combines the water washing times calculation formula to calculate the theoretical value of the number of water washings required for solid garbage to reach the soil standard, and then determines the actual value of the number of water washings, thereby accurately obtaining the minimum number of water washing adjustments required when the pH value and conductivity of the solid garbage meet the specified standards, thereby avoiding the risk of misjudgment caused by operators judging the number of water washings based on experience, saving overall operation time, and improving the efficiency of solid waste resource processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention.

[0043] In the figure:

[0044] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a solid waste resource processing method provided in Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0046] The following detailed description is an exemplary description, which is intended to provide further detailed description of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical terms used in the present invention have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs. The terms used in the present invention are only for describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention.

[0047] Embodiment 1:

[0048] A method for recycling solid waste comprises the following steps:

[0049] Step 1: Aggregation: Gather and concentrate solid waste from different locations.

[0050] Step 2: Classification: The collected garbage is classified by manual and mechanical methods into three categories: 1. Metals such as aluminum and iron, 2. Combustibles such as wood and cloth, 3. Construction waste such as bricks, tiles, stones, soil, glass, concrete, cement mortar, etc.

[0051] It should be noted that mechanical classification has higher work efficiency than manual classification, and can complete the classification of different types of garbage in a shorter time. After the first round of coarse screening of solid garbage, the process of mechanical fine classification is as follows: first, the image information of solid garbage is obtained through the image acquisition device, and the analysis module analyzes and determines the image information to obtain the location of different types of garbage. Finally, the analysis data is sent to the controller, and the controller sends an execution instruction to the execution component for fine classification.

[0052] Step 3: Classify and pack aluminum, iron and other metal materials and send them to specialized metal recycling companies for processing.

[0053] Step 4: Send wood, cloth, etc. to the waste incineration power plant for treatment.

[0054] Step 5: Coarsely crush bricks, tiles, stones, soil, glass, concrete, cement mortar and other construction waste into pieces using a crusher.

[0055] Step 6: Screen the roughly crushed garbage in step 5 into those larger than 50 mm and those smaller than 50 mm.

[0056] Step 7: Return the garbage larger than 50 mm from step 6 to step 5 and crush it again.

[0057] Step 8: Grind the garbage particles smaller than 50 mm in step 6 through an industrial grinder.

[0058] Step 9: Test the pH value, conductivity, coarseness, etc. in step 8. The data are as follows:

[0059]

[0060] Step 10: If the coarseness does not meet the requirements, grind it again and add coarse particles to meet the soil data requirements.

[0061] Step 11: If the pH value and conductivity do not meet the requirements, wash and adjust them several times to meet the soil data requirements. (The pH of tap water and river water is equal to or less than 7, and the pH of solid waste after washing is close to the pH of water. Similarly, conductivity is essentially the concentration of dissolved salts in a substance in a wet and liquid state. The concentration of dissolved salts in tap water and river water is much lower than that in solid waste, that is, the conductivity of tap water and river water is much lower than that of solid waste.)

[0062] It should be noted that after the actual water washing and adjustment, the pH value and conductivity need to be tested again to obtain the effect of the water washing and adjustment. Before the pH value and conductivity of the solid waste reach the specified standards, the operator can only judge the number of times the solid waste needs to be washed and adjusted based on experience. In this process, it is inevitable that the actual solid waste needs to be washed three times to meet the specified standards, but the operator judges based on experience that two water washings can meet the standards, resulting in the solid waste after two water washings being found to not meet the standards after testing. Therefore, the operator needs to continue to judge the number of times needed to be washed based on experience; in the above scenario, if the operator believes that the solid waste needs to be washed five times to meet the standards, it will increase the overall operation time and reduce the efficiency of solid waste resource processing.

[0063] For the above problem, this embodiment introduces a method that can be combined with formula calculation to determine the minimum number of times water washing adjustment is required when the pH value and conductivity of the solid waste reach the specified standard based on multiple indicators of the solid waste, as follows:

[0064] (I) Numerical detection of relevant indicators:

[0065] Before actually carrying out the water washing operation, the current indicator values ​​must first be tested and counted, including the current pH value, conductivity, particle content below 0.09 mm, overall weight and inorganic content of the solid waste, the pH value, conductivity, inorganic content, water weight and water temperature of the water used for water washing, and the target pH value and target conductivity of the solid waste.

[0066] (II) Calculate various data by combining the formula:

[0067]

[0068] In the formula: Y is the theoretical value of the number of times solid waste is washed to meet the specified standard, A is the current pH value of solid waste, B is the current conductivity of solid waste, C is the content of particles below 0.09 mm in solid waste, D is the overall weight of solid waste, E is the inorganic content of solid waste, a is the pH value of the water used for washing, b is the conductivity of the water, d is the weight of the water, e is the inorganic content of the water, f is the water temperature, ω is the target pH value of solid waste, ξ is the target conductivity of solid waste, α is the first influencing factor, β is the second influencing factor, χ is the third influencing factor, δ is the fourth influencing factor, ε is the fifth influencing factor, and φ is the sixth influencing factor. It should be noted that the specific values ​​of the above influencing factors are determined according to actual conditions.

[0069] (III) Adjust water washing according to the calculation results:

[0070] After the theoretical value of the number of water washings is calculated according to the above formula, the actual value of the number of water washings is further determined. If the theoretical value of the number of water washings is not an integer, the smallest integer greater than the theoretical value of the number of water washings is taken as the actual value of the number of water washings. If the theoretical value of the number of water washings is an integer, the theoretical value of the number of water washings is directly determined as the actual value of the number of water washings. Finally, water washing adjustment is performed according to the actual value of the number of water washings.

[0071] Step 12: The adjusted garbage data is as follows:

[0072]

[0073]

[0074] Step 12: Meet the soil data requirements by adding plant (wood chips, dead leaves, straw, etc. and their fermented and decomposed products) and animal (sewage, feces, animal carcasses, etc. and their fermented and decomposed products) organic matter, or commercial organic matter.

[0075] Embodiment 2:

[0076] A method for recycling solid waste comprises the following steps:

[0077] Step 1: Aggregation: Gather and concentrate solid waste from different locations.

[0078] Step 2: Classification: Use manual and mechanical methods to classify the collected garbage into three categories: 1. Metals such as aluminum and iron; 2. Combustibles such as wood and cloth; 3. Bricks, tiles, stones, soil, glass, concrete, cement mortar, etc.

[0079] Step 3: Classify and pack aluminum, iron and other metal materials and send them to specialized metal recycling companies for processing.

[0080] Step 4: Send wood, cloth, etc. to the waste incineration power plant for treatment.

[0081] Step 5: Coarsely crush bricks, tiles, stones, soil, glass, concrete, cement mortar, etc. with a crusher.

[0082] Step 6: Screen the roughly crushed garbage in step 5 into those larger than 50 mm and those smaller than 50 mm.

[0083] Step 7: Return the garbage larger than 50 mm from step 6 to step 5 and crush it again.

[0084] Step 8: Grind the garbage particles and organic materials smaller than 50 mm in step 5 through an industrial grinder.

[0085] Step 9: Test the pH value, conductivity, coarseness, etc. in step 8. The data are as follows:

[0086]

[0087]

[0088] Step 10: If the coarseness does not meet the requirements, grind it finely first, and then add coarse particles to meet the soil data requirements.

[0089] Step 11: If the pH value does not meet the requirements but the conductivity meets the requirements, add white vinegar (5.5%) to adjust the soil to meet the requirements.

[0090] Step 12: The adjusted garbage data is as follows:

[0091]

[0092]

[0093] Step 12: Meet the soil data requirements by adding plant (wood chips, dead leaves, straw, etc. and their fermented and decomposed products) and animal (sewage, feces, animal carcasses, etc. and their fermented and decomposed products) organic matter, or commercial organic matter.

[0094] It is known from common technical knowledge that the present invention can be implemented by other embodiments that do not deviate from its spirit or essential features. Therefore, the above disclosed embodiments are only illustrative in all respects and are not exclusive. All changes within the scope of the present invention or within the scope equivalent to the present invention are included in the present invention.

[0095] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for recycling solid waste, characterized in that: include: Separate the collected solid waste; Crushing and processing the construction waste obtained after classification; Detect the coarseness, pH value and conductivity of the garbage after crushing; When the coarseness of the garbage does not meet the soil use standard, the garbage is re-ground and added. When the pH value and conductivity of the garbage do not meet the soil use standard, the garbage is washed and adjusted; When the conductivity of the garbage reaches the standard for soil use but the pH value does not reach the standard for soil use, acidic or alkaline substances are added to the garbage to adjust the pH value; When the coarseness, pH value and conductivity of the garbage reach the standards for usable soil, organic matter is added to the garbage and it can be used as usable soil.

2. The solid waste resource treatment method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The collected solid waste is classified, including: the collected solid waste is classified into metal waste, combustible waste and construction waste by mechanical classification, the metal waste is classified and packaged and sent to metal recycling manufacturers for processing, and the combustible waste is sent to waste incineration power plants for processing.

3. The solid waste resource processing method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The mechanical classification includes: after obtaining image information of solid waste through an image acquisition device, an analysis module analyzes and determines the image information to obtain the location of different types of waste, and finally sends the analysis data to a controller, which sends an execution instruction to an execution component for fine classification.

4. The solid waste resource processing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The construction waste obtained after classification is crushed, including: screening the roughly crushed waste according to the size standard of 50 mm, re-crushing the waste larger than 50 mm until the waste size is less than 50 mm; and deep adjustment of the waste smaller than 50 mm.

5. The solid waste resource processing method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Depth adjustment for waste less than 50 mm, including: After testing the content of particles larger than 1mm and particles between 0.9mm and 1mm in the garbage, compare them with the soil standard; When the content of particles larger than 1mm and the content of particles between 0.9mm and 1mm in the garbage are both greater than the soil standard, the garbage is subjected to secondary fine grinding and the coarseness is retested; When the content of particles larger than 1mm in the garbage exceeds the soil standard and the content of particles between 0.9mm and 1mm meets the soil standard, the garbage is finely ground for the second time and the coarseness is retested; When the content of particles larger than 1mm in the garbage meets the soil standard and the content of particles between 0.9mm and 1mm is larger than the soil standard, the garbage is finely ground for the second time and coarse particles larger than 1mm are added to retest the coarseness; When the content of particles larger than 1 mm in the garbage is less than the soil standard and the content of particles between 0.9 mm and 1 mm meets the soil standard, add coarse particles larger than 1 mm to the garbage and retest the coarseness; When the content of particles larger than 1mm and particles between 0.9mm and 1mm in the garbage is less than the soil standard, coarse particles larger than 1mm are added to the garbage and then a secondary fine grinding treatment is performed to re-test the coarseness.

6. The solid waste resource processing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: When the conductivity and pH value of the garbage do not meet the target index values, the garbage is washed and adjusted, including: Obtain water body index values, garbage current index values, and garbage target index values; Based on the water body index value, the current garbage index value and the garbage target index value, the theoretical value of the number of times solid garbage is washed to meet the soil use standard is calculated in combination with the water washing number calculation formula; Determine the actual value of the number of water washing times based on the theoretical value of the number of water washing times; The garbage washing is adjusted according to the actual number of washing times.

7. The solid waste resource processing method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The calculation formula for the number of water washes is: In the formula: Y is the theoretical value of the number of water washings required for solid waste to meet the specified standards, A is the current pH value of solid waste, B is the current conductivity of solid waste, C is the content of particles below 0.09 mm in solid waste, D is the overall weight of solid waste, E is the inorganic content of solid waste, a is the pH value of the water used for washing, b is the conductivity of the water, d is the weight of the water, e is the inorganic content of the water, f is the water temperature, ω is the target pH value of solid waste, ξ is the target conductivity of solid waste, α is the first influencing factor, β is the second influencing factor, χ is the third influencing factor, δ is the fourth influencing factor, ε is the fifth influencing factor, and φ is the sixth influencing factor.

8. The solid waste resource processing method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The actual value of the number of water washing times is determined based on the theoretical value of the number of water washing times, including: when the theoretical value of the number of water washing times is not an integer, taking the smallest integer greater than the theoretical value of the number of water washing times as the actual value of the number of water washing times; when the theoretical value of the number of water washing times is an integer, directly determining the theoretical value of the number of water washing times as the actual value of the number of water washing times.

9. The solid waste resource processing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: When the conductivity of the garbage reaches the standard of soil for use but the pH value does not reach the standard of soil for use, the pH value of the garbage is adjusted, including: Step 1, based on the current pH value of the solid waste and the target pH value of the solid waste, combined with the acidity and alkalinity concentration of the substance to be added, calculate the amount of the substance to be added when the waste reaches the target pH value of the solid waste; Step 2: determining the actual amount of the substance to be added based on the calculated amount of the substance to be added; Step 3: After adjusting the pH value of the garbage according to the actual amount of the substance to be added, measure again to obtain the current pH value of the garbage. If the target pH value of the solid garbage is reached, the pH value adjustment is completed, otherwise, step 1 is executed again.

10. The solid waste resource processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic matter includes plant organic matter, animal organic matter and commercial organic matter. The plant organic matter includes wood chips, dead leaves, straw and fermented and decayed products thereof; the animal organic matter includes animal offal, feces, animal carcasses and fermented and decayed products thereof.

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