Passivating and polishing method for high-speed steel milling cutter

Abstract

The invention provides a passivating and polishing method for a high-speed steel milling cutter, which comprises the following steps: the high-speed steel milling cutter to be passivated is fixed on a rotatable clamping module, and the central axis of the high-speed steel milling cutter is horizontal; a nozzle of jet type polishing equipment is arranged above one side of a tool bit of the high-speed steel milling cutter, the jet direction of the nozzle faces a cutting edge of the high-speed steel milling cutter, an included angle of 40-50 degrees is formed between the jet direction of the nozzle and the rotating axis of the high-speed steel milling cutter, and the clamping module is rotated to enable the high-speed steel milling cutter to rotate reversely; the jet type polishing equipment is started to jet grinding particles to the high-speed steel milling cutter, and meanwhile the jet type polishing equipment or the high-speed steel milling cutter is moved so that the jet type polishing equipment can axially move relative to the high-speed steel milling cutter; the grinding particles comprise elastic matrix particles and hard particles wrapping the elastic matrix particles. According to the passivating and polishing method for the high-speed steel milling cutter, the passivating and polishing effect on the high-speed steel milling cutter is improved, and meanwhile the high machining efficiency is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tool polishing, in particular to a passivation polishing method for a high-speed steel milling cutter. Background Art

[0002] Machining tools usually use grinding wheels to grind the cutting edges. After being sharpened by ordinary grinding wheels or diamond grinding wheels, the cutting edges of the tools have micro-nicks of varying degrees (such as tiny chipping and sawing edges). During the cutting process, the micro-nicks on the cutting edges are very easy to expand, resulting in accelerated tool wear and damage.

[0003] Modern high-speed cutting and automated machine tools place higher demands on tool performance and stability. This is why tool passivation and polishing technology has emerged. This technology improves tool quality and extends tool life by deburring, smoothing, and polishing the tool. It also addresses the micro-notches on the tool edge after grinding, reducing or eliminating sharp edges to achieve a smooth, flat, sharp, strong, and durable tool.

[0004] Passivation polishing technology has begun to be applied to carbide cutting tools because carbide materials have a relatively high hardness, typically around HRC90 on the Rockwell scale. High-speed steel milling cutters, on the other hand, have a lower hardness, typically between HRC60 and 70 on the Rockwell scale, and their cutting edges are relatively sharp. While passivation polishing can remove burrs from the cutting edges, it can also lead to the risk of the cutting edge becoming too blunt, resulting in poor passivation polishing results for high-speed steel milling cutters. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a passivation polishing method for a high-speed steel milling cutter to improve the passivation polishing effect of the high-speed steel milling cutter.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is achieved as follows:

[0007] A passivation polishing method for a high-speed steel milling cutter, comprising:

[0008] Fixing the high-speed steel milling cutter to be passivated on a rotatable clamping module, with the central axis of the high-speed steel milling cutter being horizontal;

[0009] The nozzle of the jet polishing device is arranged above one side of the high-speed steel milling cutter head, the jet direction of the nozzle is toward the cutting edge of the high-speed steel milling cutter, and forms an angle of 40° to 50° with the rotation axis of the high-speed steel milling cutter, and the clamping module is rotated to reverse the high-speed steel milling cutter;

[0010] Starting the jet polishing device to spray abrasive particles toward the high-speed steel milling cutter, and simultaneously moving the jet polishing device or the high-speed steel milling cutter so that the jet polishing device moves axially relative to the high-speed steel milling cutter;

[0011] The abrasive particles include elastic base particles and hard particles coated on the elastic base particles.

[0012] Furthermore, the nozzle forms an angle of 45° with the rotation axis of the high-speed steel milling cutter in the spraying direction.

[0013] Furthermore, the rotation speed of the clamping module is 2.5 r / s to 3.5 r / s.

[0014] Furthermore, the diameter of the high-speed steel milling cutter is 6 mm to 20 mm, and the passivation polishing time is 15 s to 45 s.

[0015] Furthermore, the elastic matrix particles are rubber particles, and the hard particles are a mixture of diamond particles and silicon carbide particles.

[0016] Furthermore, the diameter of the rubber particles is 0.2 mm to 0.6 mm, the mesh size of the diamond particles is 4000# to 6000#, and the mesh size of the silicon carbide particles is 360# to 500#.

[0017] Furthermore, the axial movement speed of the jet polishing device relative to the high-speed steel milling cutter is 0.25 mm / s to 0.35 mm / s.

[0018] Furthermore, the surface roughness of the high-speed steel milling cutter after passivation is less than Ra0.4.

[0019] Furthermore, the passivation value r of the cutting edge of the high-speed steel milling cutter after passivation is 6 μm to 10 μm.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0021] The passivation polishing method of the high-speed steel milling cutter described in the present invention fixes the high-speed steel milling cutter on a rotatable clamping module so that the high-speed steel milling cutter can rotate, and uses a jet polishing device to spray abrasive particles onto the high-speed steel milling cutter, which can impact the surface of the high-speed steel milling cutter, remove burrs, impurities and oxide layers, and round the cutting edge. The cutting edge becomes smooth, greatly reducing chipping during use, and can also improve the surface finish of the workpiece processed by the high-speed steel milling cutter; abrasive particles with elastic matrix particles wrapped by hard particles are used, and when the abrasive particles hit the cutting edge, the abrasive particles themselves can undergo elastic deformation, and will not excessively impact the cutting edge to cause the cutting edge to chip, but quickly impact a micro-rounded corner at the cutting edge, and will not stick to the cutting edge, thereby improving the passivation polishing effect of the high-speed steel milling cutter and also having higher processing efficiency; the high-speed steel milling cutter is reversed, so that the abrasive particles can mainly impact the back face and the position of the tool groove, so that the abrasive particles will not excessively impact the cutting edge.

[0022] Setting the nozzle at a 45° angle to the rotation axis of the high-speed steel milling cutter in the spraying direction can achieve a better passivation effect when the abrasive particles hit the blade of the high-speed steel milling cutter, and the bouncing of the abrasive particles after hitting the blade is also easier to control.

[0023] The rotation speed of the clamping module is set to 2.5r / s to 3.5r / s, which can make the peripheral edge of the milling cutter be impacted by the abrasive particles more evenly and have a better passivation effect.

[0024] The passivation polishing treatment of the present invention has a good effect on high-speed steel milling cutters with a diameter of 6mm to 20mm. The passivation polishing time selected within the range of 15s to 45s can adapt to the corresponding high-speed steel milling cutter diameter, so that the high-speed steel milling cutter can achieve the required passivation effect while saving the processing time.

[0025] Rubber has relatively stable chemical properties and wear resistance. Setting the elastic matrix particles to rubber particles can make the elastic collective particles have better elastic properties and lower costs; the hard particles are set to be a mixture of diamond particles and silicon carbide particles. The combination of the two has relatively stable wear resistance and thermal stability, so that the abrasive particles can be used multiple times.

[0026] Setting the diameter of the rubber particles to 0.2mm to 0.6mm can ensure that the abrasive particles have a more appropriate kinetic energy level when they are ejected, ensuring the passivation effect while avoiding excessive impact on the blade; diamond particles can be filled between silicon carbide particles and between rubber particles and silicon carbide particles, which can enhance the overall bonding strength of the abrasive particles.

[0027] The speed of the jet polishing equipment relative to the high-speed steel milling cutter's axial movement is 0.25mm / s to 0.35mm / s. It can fine-tune the position of the high-speed steel milling cutter to prevent the concentrated impact of the high-speed steel milling cutter caused by uneven spraying of abrasive particles from the nozzle, making the final passivation polishing effect more uniform.

[0028] The surface roughness of the high-speed steel milling cutter after passivation is less than Ra0.4, which can reduce the friction between the high-speed steel milling cutter and the workpiece during processing, thereby reducing the required cutting force and extending the service life of the high-speed steel milling cutter; at the same time, the tool groove is also smoother, which can improve the chip removal ability.

[0029] The passivation value of the high-speed steel milling cutter is set to 6μm~10μm, which can not only ensure the service life but also have good sharpness, making the tool cutting effect better and more durable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The accompanying drawings, which constitute part of the present invention, are provided to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are provided to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the principle of the passivation polishing method for a high-speed steel milling cutter according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the reverse direction of the high-speed steel milling cutter according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the meaning of the passivation value of the high-speed steel milling cutter according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the effect of the high-speed steel milling cutter after passivation and polishing according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Description of reference numerals:

[0036] 1. Clamping module;

[0037] 2. Jet polishing equipment;

[0038] 201, nozzle;

[0039] 3. High-speed steel milling cutter;

[0040] 301, rake face; 302, clearance face;

[0041] 4. Grinding particles. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "inner," and "outer" appear to indicate orientation or positional relationships, these are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, if terms such as "first" and "second" appear, they are used solely for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0044] Furthermore, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly defined, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connect," and "connector" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed, removable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediary; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will appreciate the specific meanings of these terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0045] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with embodiments.

[0046] This embodiment relates to a passivation polishing method for a high-speed steel milling cutter, so as to improve the passivation polishing effect of the high-speed steel milling cutter and improve the performance of the high-speed steel milling cutter after passivation polishing.

[0047] The embodiment of the present invention is a method for passivation polishing of a high-speed steel milling cutter, which uses a jet polishing device to spray abrasive particles on the high-speed steel milling cutter to remove the oxide layer, deburr and passivate the cutting edge of the high-speed steel milling cutter. Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the passivation polishing method of the high-speed steel milling cutter specifically includes the following steps:

[0048] Step 1: Fix the high-speed steel milling cutter 3 to be passivated on the rotatable clamping module 1, with the central axis of the high-speed steel milling cutter 3 horizontal.

[0049] The clamping module 1 can be a chuck or a collet, as long as it can firmly clamp the high-speed steel milling cutter 3 and drive the high-speed steel milling cutter 3 to rotate along its own central axis. In this embodiment, the clamping module 1 is a collet, which can effectively wrap the handle of the high-speed steel milling cutter 3 to prevent the handle from being worn due to excessive impact.

[0050] Step 2: Set the nozzle 201 of the jet polishing equipment 2 above one side of the cutter head of the high-speed steel milling cutter 3. The spray direction of the nozzle 201 is toward the cutting edge of the high-speed steel milling cutter 3. The angle between the spray direction of the nozzle 201 and the rotation axis of the high-speed steel milling cutter 3 is A, and A is 40°~50°. Rotate the clamping module 1 to reverse the high-speed steel milling cutter 3.

[0051] The jet polishing device 2 is used to spray abrasive particles 4, mixing high-pressure gas with the abrasive particles 4 and ejecting them from a nozzle 201, causing the abrasive particles 4 to impact the high-speed steel milling cutter 3. Positioning the nozzle 201 of the jet polishing device 2 above the cutter head of the high-speed steel milling cutter 3 simultaneously utilizes the gravity of the abrasive particles 4, ensuring a more stable direction of the abrasive particles 4 during ejection. Positioning the nozzle 201 on the side of the cutter head of the high-speed steel milling cutter 3 also allows for a passivation polishing of the bottom edge of the high-speed steel milling cutter 3, enhancing the passivation polishing effect.

[0052] Secondly, an angle A of 40° to 50° can achieve a better passivation and polishing effect on the abrasive particles 4. After impacting the high-speed steel milling cutter 3, they can bounce and be discharged quickly, reducing the impact on the abrasive particles 4 injected later. Preferably, the nozzle 201 forms a 45° angle with the rotation axis of the high-speed steel milling cutter 3 in the injection direction, which can achieve a better passivation effect when the abrasive particles 4 impact the cutting edge of the high-speed steel milling cutter 3, and the bouncing of the abrasive particles 4 after impacting the cutting edge is also easier to control.

[0053] Furthermore, the high-speed steel milling cutter 3 is reversed, that is, the high-speed steel milling cutter 3 rotates in the opposite direction of its rotation direction when in working state, so that the main cutting surface is not the main cutting surface facing the abrasive particles 4, and the abrasive particles 4 mainly impact the back cutting surface and the position of the cutting groove, so that the abrasive particles 4 will not have excessive impact on the cutting edge. Specifically, the rotation speed of the clamping module 1 is set to 2.5r / s~3.5r / s, which can make the peripheral edge of the milling cutter be impacted by the abrasive particles 4 more evenly, and at the same time have a better passivation effect. At the same time, such a rotation speed setting will not cause the abrasive particles 4 that bounce back from hitting the high-speed steel milling cutter 3 to affect the flight of the abrasive particles 4 behind because the high-speed steel milling cutter 3 rotates too fast. In this embodiment, the rotation speed of the clamping module 1 is 3r / s.

[0054] Step 3: Start the jet polishing device 2 to spray abrasive particles 4 toward the high-speed steel milling cutter 3 , and simultaneously move the jet polishing device 2 or the high-speed steel milling cutter 3 so that the jet polishing device 2 moves axially relative to the high-speed steel milling cutter 3 .

[0055] The abrasive particles 4 comprise an elastic matrix of particles and hard particles coated therein. The abrasive particles 4, which are coated with hard particles within the elastic matrix, undergo elastic deformation when they strike the cutting edge. This prevents excessive impact and chipping of the cutting edge, but instead quickly creates a microscopic fillet at the cutting edge, preventing adhesion to the cutting edge. This improves the passivation and polishing effect on the high-speed steel milling cutter 3 and also results in higher processing efficiency.

[0056] Specifically, in the present embodiment, the elastic matrix particles are rubber particles, and the hard particles are a mixture of diamond particles and silicon carbide particles. Rubber has relatively stable chemical properties and wear resistance. Setting the elastic matrix particles to rubber particles can make the elastic collective particles have better elastic properties and lower costs. The hard particles are set to a mixture of diamond particles and silicon carbide particles. The combination of the two has relatively stable wear resistance and thermal stability, and has a stable passivation polishing effect on the high-speed steel milling cutter 3. The mixture of diamond particles and silicon carbide particles combined with the rubber particles also has good structural strength, making the abrasive particles 4 not easy to disintegrate after a single use, and can be used multiple times as appropriate, reducing production costs.

[0057] Regarding the specific structure of the abrasive particles 4, the diameter of the rubber particles in this embodiment is 0.2mm to 0.6mm, the mesh size of the diamond particles is 4000# to 6000#, and the mesh size of the silicon carbide particles is 360# to 500#. The rubber particles, diamond particles and silicon carbide particles in this embodiment are all measured using the median particle size. Setting the diameter of the rubber particles to 0.2mm to 0.6mm can enable the abrasive particles 4 to have a more appropriate kinetic energy level when being ejected, ensuring the passivation effect while not excessively impacting the blade. Diamond particles can be filled between silicon carbide particles and between rubber particles and silicon carbide particles, which can enhance the overall bonding strength of the abrasive particles 4. Preferably, the diameter of the rubber particles in this embodiment is 0.4mm, the mesh size of the diamond particles is 5000#, and the mesh size of the silicon carbide is 400#.

[0058] Secondly, the speed of axial movement of the jet polishing device 2 relative to the high-speed steel milling cutter 3 is set to 0.25mm / s to 0.35mm / s, which is a one-way feed. This can fine-tune the position of the high-speed steel milling cutter 3 and prevent the concentrated impact of the abrasive particles 4 on the high-speed steel milling cutter 3 caused by uneven ejection from the nozzle 201, making the final passivation polishing effect more uniform. As for the specific feeding method, the clamping module 1 can be moved and the jet polishing device 2 can be fixed, or the clamping module 1 can be fixed and the jet polishing device 2 can be moved. Both methods are possible. This embodiment adopts the method of fixing the clamping module 1 and moving the jet polishing device 2, and the feed speed is 0.3mm / s.

[0059] Furthermore, the specific passivation polishing time needs to be selected according to the specific specifications of the high-speed steel milling cutter 3. The main factors affecting the passivation polishing time are the surface roughness and passivation value of the high-speed steel milling cutter 3. The surface roughness of the high-speed steel milling cutter 3 after passivation polishing needs to be less than Ra0.4, which can reduce the friction between the high-speed steel milling cutter 3 and the workpiece during processing, thereby reducing the required cutting force and extending the service life of the high-speed steel milling cutter 3. It is understandable that the tool groove is also smoother after passivation polishing, which can improve its chip removal ability. The passivation value is a specific value that can be detected under a tool tester, refer to Figure 3 As shown in FIG. 3 , i.e., the radius r of the cutting edge between the rake face 301 and the clearance face 302, the passivation value of the high-speed steel milling cutter 3 needs to be 6 μm to 10 μm. This value range ensures both service life and good sharpness, resulting in a better cutting effect and durability. In this embodiment, the passivation value of the high-speed steel milling cutter 3 is 7 μm.

[0060] In this embodiment, six high-speed steel milling cutters 3 with a size of 6 mm to 20 mm were used for experimental testing, and the passivation polishing time obtained was 15 s to 45 s, as shown in the following table:

[0061]

[0062] The passivation polishing method of the high-speed steel milling cutter 3 described in the present invention is to fix the high-speed steel milling cutter 3 on a rotatable clamping module 1 so that the high-speed steel milling cutter 3 can rotate in the opposite direction, and use a jet polishing device 2 to spray abrasive particles 4 onto the high-speed steel milling cutter 3, so as to impact the surface of the high-speed steel milling cutter 3, remove burrs, impurities and oxide layers, and round the cutting edge. The cutting edge becomes smooth, greatly reducing chipping during use, and also improving the surface finish of the workpiece processed by the high-speed steel milling cutter 3. The abrasive particle 4 structure with elastic matrix particles wrapped around hard particles can not only efficiently and cost-effectively eliminate surface burrs, tiny chipping and small serrations generated after milling cutter grinding, but also eliminate the risk of excessive blunting of the cutting edge, thereby achieving efficient passivation of the cutting edge of the high-speed steel milling cutter 3 and efficient polishing of the rake face, flank face, bottom edge and groove surface of the cutting edge.

[0063] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A passivation polishing method for a high-speed steel milling cutter, characterized in that: include: Fixing a high-speed steel milling cutter to be passivated on a rotatable clamping module (1), wherein the central axis of the high-speed steel milling cutter is horizontal; The nozzle (201) of the jet polishing device (2) is arranged above one side of the high-speed steel milling cutter head, the jetting direction of the nozzle (201) is toward the cutting edge of the high-speed steel milling cutter and forms an angle of 40° to 50° with the rotation axis of the high-speed steel milling cutter, and the clamping module (1) is rotated to reverse the high-speed steel milling cutter; Starting the jet polishing device (2) to spray abrasive particles (4) toward the high-speed steel milling cutter, and simultaneously moving the jet polishing device (2) or the high-speed steel milling cutter so that the jet polishing device (2) moves axially relative to the high-speed steel milling cutter; The abrasive particles (4) include elastic base particles and hard particles coated outside the elastic base particles.

2. The passivation polishing method for a high speed steel milling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle (201) forms an angle of 45° with the rotation axis of the high-speed steel milling cutter in the spraying direction.

3. The passivation polishing method for a high speed steel milling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotation speed of the clamping module (1) is 2.5 r / s to 3.5 r / s.

4. The passivation polishing method for a high speed steel milling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the high-speed steel milling cutter is 6 mm to 20 mm, and the passivation polishing time is 15 s to 45 s.

5. The passivation polishing method for a high speed steel milling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic matrix particles are rubber particles, and the hard particles are a mixture of diamond particles and silicon carbide particles.

6. The passivation polishing method for a high-speed steel milling cutter according to claim 5, characterized in that: The diameter of the rubber particles is 0.2 mm to 0.6 mm, the mesh size of the diamond particles is 4000# to 6000#, and the mesh size of the silicon carbide particles is 360# to 500#.

7. The passivation polishing method for a high speed steel milling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The speed at which the jet polishing device (2) moves axially relative to the high-speed steel milling cutter is 0.25 mm / s to 0.35 mm / s.

8. The passivation polishing method for a high-speed steel milling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface roughness of the high-speed steel milling cutter after passivation is less than Ra0.

4.

9. The passivation polishing method for a high speed steel milling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The passivation value r of the blade of the high-speed steel milling cutter after passivation is 6 μm to 10 μm.

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