3D concrete pouring device and method for fabricated component

Abstract

The invention provides a 3D concrete pouring device and method for a fabricated member, relates to the field of concrete member processing, and aims to solve the problems of low construction efficiency and poor member quality during prefabrication of the concrete member at present, through continuous rolling of a stirring device of a conveying system, the uniformity of concrete can be kept, and material layering is prevented; it is ensured that the concrete still has good working performance when being conveyed to a pouring system; meanwhile, a three-axis movement assembly is arranged to control an output port in the tail end of the corrugated pipe to move in different directions, the function of automatic pouring can be achieved, and in the aspect of concrete compaction, the form of an integrated vibrating table is adopted. And through the vibration effect of the vibrating table, bubbles in the concrete rapidly float upwards and are discharged, and gaps in the concrete are reduced. The concrete is denser under the exhaust action, so that the compressive strength and durability of the concrete are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of concrete component processing, and in particular to a 3D concrete pouring device and method for assembled components. Background Art

[0002] Prefabricated components are building components that are prefabricated in factories according to unified standards and design requirements, and then transported to the construction site for rapid assembly. Compared with traditional cast-in-place concrete structures, prefabricated components have the advantages of fast construction speed, easy quality control, and low environmental impact. At present, the following problems exist in the production and manufacturing of prefabricated components: In some constructions, during the concrete pouring process of prefabricated components, a certain amount of manual assistance is required, which often results in poor pouring quality and construction safety problems. In addition, it is difficult to accurately control the distribution and amount of concrete during the pouring of prefabricated components, which increases the construction difficulty for workers, is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and has low work efficiency. In addition, for the vibration process after the casting of prefabricated components, a large amount of manpower is currently relied on to vibrate the concrete, which has a certain impact on the production efficiency of prefabricated components. There are various concrete casting devices in the prior art. For example, a support mechanism is provided to fix the angle of the main sleeve, and then the control valve is opened to discharge the concrete in the traction member from the discharge nozzle. The position of the discharge nozzle can be fixed by the feet of the staff, and the operation is relatively labor-saving. By providing a clamping mechanism, the position of the casting pipe is fixed and will not move, and the storage is convenient. However, manual assistance is still required during the casting process, and the degree of automation is low.

[0003] Or the concrete pouring device is provided with a feed pipe, and the concrete is transported into the pouring tank through the feed pipe. The motor is started by the control device body, and the motor will drive the rotating rod to rotate, which can drive the spiral piece to rotate, so that the spiral piece can push the concrete to move forward and discharge through the discharge pipe. By adjusting the control device body to control the motor speed, the rotation speed of the spiral piece can be adjusted, and the discharge amount of the discharge pipe can be conveniently controlled, which reduces the difficulty of pouring concrete and improves the pouring efficiency of the concrete pouring device. However, for components of special shapes or sizes, its versatility and flexibility may be limited. However, during the transportation process of concrete, there is a difference in the specific gravity of aggregate and cement slurry in the concrete mixture, which will lead to stratification and segregation, coarse aggregate sinking, fine aggregate in the middle, and cement slurry floating, which will damage the quality of concrete and the low degree of automation and high labor costs during the transportation process. It is difficult to pour concrete evenly during the pouring process, so that the distribution of the solidified concrete is not uniform, which affects the subsequent use of concrete. In addition, the concrete pouring structure and function are relatively simple, and it is difficult to change the size and shape of the component and the construction efficiency is low. During the compaction process of concrete, most existing concrete compaction devices only roughly limit the position of the concrete specimen by the vibration table, causing the concrete specimen to move during the compaction process, which may cause damage to the specimen and insufficient control of the degree of compaction. Most of the existing production devices for prefabricated components are limited to the realization of some functions such as mixing, pouring or vibrating concrete, and have insufficient coverage of the processing procedures in the production line of prefabricated components, low automation, poor compatibility, and hindered production efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to address the defects of the prior art and provide a 3D concrete pouring device and method for prefabricated components, which integrates the functions of concrete transportation, pouring, and compaction, thereby realizing the integrated pouring of prefabricated components.

[0005] The first object of the present invention is to provide a 3D concrete pouring device for a prefabricated component, which adopts the following scheme:

[0006] include:

[0007] The conveying system comprises an outer shell and a guide vane, wherein the outer shell forms a temporary storage cavity with an opening at the top and a discharge port at the bottom, and the guide vane is rotatably installed in the temporary storage cavity;

[0008] The casting system includes a three-axis motion component and a bellows, one end of the bellows is connected to the discharge port, and the other end is connected to the output end of the three-axis motion component;

[0009] The compaction system includes a vibration table, a vibration drive mechanism and a supporting base plate. The vibration table is installed on the supporting base plate through multiple springs. The output end of the vibration drive mechanism is connected to the vibration table. The vibration table forms a bearing part that bears the mold. Multiple mechanical clamping devices are arranged around the vibration table to clamp the mold on the bearing part.

[0010] Furthermore, the guide vane is a spiral blade, and guide vanes with opposite rotation directions are respectively arranged on both sides of the axis of the discharge port in the external shell.

[0011] Furthermore, the top opening of the external shell is provided with a mesh, and the mesh is provided with mesh holes distributed in an array.

[0012] Furthermore, the three-axis motion assembly includes a lateral moving mechanism, a longitudinal moving mechanism and a vertical moving mechanism which are connected in sequence, a vertical moving mechanism output end is provided with a vertical slider, and an end of the bellows away from the discharge port is connected to the vertical slider.

[0013] Furthermore, the casting system is mounted on the vibration system, and one end of the bellows away from the discharge port faces the mold on the bearing part.

[0014] Furthermore, the vibration drive mechanism is provided with a vibration exciter, the vibration exciter is connected to the vibration table, and the bearing part is provided with a positioning block contacting the mold.

[0015] Furthermore, the spring is connected to the bottom angle position of the vibration table, and the mechanical clamping device is connected to the edge position of the vibration table.

[0016] Furthermore, the compaction system also includes an ultrasonic transceiver, which is mounted above the bearing portion, and the action area of ​​the ultrasonic transceiver covers the bearing portion.

[0017] The second object of the present invention is to provide a working method of the 3D concrete pouring device of the prefabricated component as described in the first object, comprising:

[0018] The mold is installed on the bearing part of the vibration table and fixed in position by a mechanical clamping device;

[0019] The conveying system receives the concrete and inputs it into the corrugated pipe through the discharge port. The position of the output end of the corrugated pipe is adjusted by the three-axis motion assembly to input the concrete into the mold.

[0020] The vibrating table drives the mold to vibrate, making the concrete in the mold dense. After the concrete is filled in the mold, the mold is replaced, and concrete is input into the new mold and vibrated to compact it.

[0021] Furthermore, a concrete filling path is planned according to the shape of the mold, and the output end of the corrugated pipe inputs concrete into the mold according to the planned path.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and positive effects:

[0023] In view of the current problems of low construction efficiency and poor component quality during the prefabrication of concrete components, the continuous rolling of the mixing device of the conveying system can maintain the homogeneity of the concrete, prevent material stratification, and ensure that the concrete still has good working performance when it is transported to the pouring system; at the same time, the three-axis motion component is configured to control the different movements of the output port at the end of the bellows in three directions, which can meet the function of automatic pouring. In terms of concrete compaction, an integrated vibrating table is adopted. The vibrating table makes the bubbles inside the concrete float up and discharge quickly through vibration, reducing the gaps inside the concrete. The exhaust effect makes the concrete more compact, thereby improving its compressive strength and durability. It can eliminate the honeycomb pockmarks in the concrete and make the concrete surface smoother. This not only improves the appearance and product quality of the prefabricated components, but also enhances its structural performance and ensures the overall quality of the project. It can also complete the vibration of large-area concrete in a short time, greatly improving the construction efficiency. Compared with manual vibration, the use of the vibrating table can save a lot of manpower and material resources, shorten the construction period, and reduce construction costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a front schematic diagram of an assembled component casting device according to embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic top view of an assembled component casting device according to embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an assembled component casting device according to embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic front view of the conveying system of Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the conveying system of Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of part of the mechanism of the conveying system of Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 7 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the outer shell of the conveying system of Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 8 A schematic front view of the auger mechanism of the conveying system of Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0033] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of top view of the conveying system of embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0034] Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the front view of the casting system of embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0035] Fig.11 Schematic top view of the casting system of Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0036] Fig.12 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the casting system of embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0037] Fig.13 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the vertical moving mechanism of the casting system of Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0038] Fig.14 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the lateral movement mechanism of the casting system of Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0039] Fig.15 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the longitudinal moving mechanism of the casting system of Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0040] Fig.16 Schematic diagram of the front view of the compaction system of Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0041] Fig.17 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the compaction system of Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0042] Fig.18 Schematic top view of the compaction system of Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0043] Fig.19 Schematic diagram of the front view of the transmission mechanism of the compaction system of Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0044] Fig. 20 Schematic diagram of the front view of the mechanical clamping device of the compaction system of Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0045] Fig.21 A schematic structural block diagram of the control system of embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0046] Among them, Ⅰ, conveying system; Ⅱ, pouring system; Ⅲ, vibration system;

[0047] I-01, outer shell; I-02, screw shaft; I-03, guide vane a; I-04 guide vane b; I-05 mesh; I-06 screw shaft sprocket; I-07 transmission shaft sprocket; I-08 chain; I-09 transmission shaft; I-10 first motor; I-11 right-angle transmission; I-12 bolt; I-13 spacer; I-14 discharge port;

[0048] Ⅱ-01 bellows; Ⅱ-02 clamp; Ⅱ-03 support plate; Ⅱ-04 servo motor a; Ⅱ-05 vertical slider; Ⅱ-06 vertical screw rod; Ⅱ-07 vertical guide rail; Ⅱ-08 vertical support rod; Ⅱ-09 square plate; Ⅱ-10 horizontal threaded hole slider; Ⅱ-11 horizontal screw rod; Ⅱ-12 straight plate; Ⅱ-13 servo motor b; Ⅱ-14 longitudinal guide rail; Ⅱ-15 longitudinal screw rod; Ⅱ-16 servo motor c; Ⅱ-17 servo motor d; Ⅱ-18 control box; Ⅱ-19 start / stop button; Ⅱ-20 touch screen; Ⅱ-21 mainboard; Ⅱ-22 horizontal slider; Ⅱ-23 horizontal round hole slider; Ⅱ-24 longitudinal threaded hole slider;

[0049] Ⅲ-01 Second electric motor; Ⅲ-02 Motor synchronous box; Ⅲ-03 Transmission shaft; Ⅲ-04 Vibrator; Ⅲ-05 Vibration table; Ⅲ-06 Rib plate; Ⅲ-07 Seamless pipe; Ⅲ-08 Positioning block; Ⅲ-09 Mechanical clamping device; Ⅲ-10 Ultrasonic transceiver; Ⅲ-11 Support base plate; Ⅲ-12 Column; Ⅲ-13 Spring; Ⅲ-14 Threaded rod; Ⅲ-15 Clamping device body; Ⅲ-16 Telescopic rod; Ⅲ-17 Claw; Ⅲ-18 Rack slide; Ⅲ-19 Rack guide rail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] Example 1

[0051] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1-Figure 21 As shown, a 3D concrete pouring device for prefabricated components is provided.

[0052] This embodiment discloses a prefabricated component casting device, referring to Figure 1-Figure 3 , including: conveying system I, pouring system II, and compaction system III; conveying system I conveys concrete to pouring system II through the auger mechanism, and ensures the quality of concrete during the conveying process; pouring system II uses the driving traction of four motors in three directions to drive the pouring port to move, thereby realizing the concrete pouring process; compaction system III drives the vibrator III-04 to vibrate through the motor, so that the assembled components on the vibration table are compacted.

[0053] Specifically, the 3D concrete pouring device of the prefabricated component includes a conveying system I, a pouring system II, and a vibration system III.

[0054] The conveying system I includes an external shell I-01 and a guide vane. The external shell I-01 forms a temporary storage cavity with an opening at the top and a discharge port I-14 at the bottom. The guide vane is rotatably installed in the temporary storage cavity. The casting system II includes a three-axis motion component and a bellows II-01. One end of the bellows II-01 is connected to the discharge port I-14, and the other end is connected to the output end of the three-axis motion component. The compaction system III includes a vibration table III-05, a vibration drive mechanism and a supporting base plate III-11. The vibration table III-05 is installed on the supporting base plate III-11 through multiple springs III-13. The output end of the vibration drive mechanism is connected to the vibration table III-05. The vibration table III-05 forms a bearing part for bearing the mold. The vibration table III-05 is circumferentially provided with multiple mechanical clamping devices III-09 to clamp the mold on the bearing part.

[0055] The conveying system I is connected to the casting system II, and the casting system II is connected to the compaction system III. The conveying system I delivers concrete materials to the casting system II, and the casting system II casts the received concrete in a mold. After casting, the compaction system III compacts the assembled components.

[0056] Reference Figure 4-Figure 9 As shown, conveying system I includes: external shell I-01, screw shaft I-02, guide plate a I-03, guide plate b I-04, mesh I-05, screw shaft sprocket I-06, drive shaft sprocket I-07, chain I-08, drive shaft I-09, first motor I-10, right angle transmission I-11, bolt I-12, spacer I-13, discharge port I-14.

[0057] The first motor I-10 is fixed to the frame through the pad I-13, the outer shell I-01 of the mixing system is fixedly connected to the frame, and the connection between the outer shell I-01 and the frame is reinforced by the bolt I-12, the right-angle transmission I-11 is respectively connected to the first motor I-10 and the transmission shaft I-09, the transmission shaft sprocket I-07 is connected to the screw shaft sprocket I-06 through the chain I-08, the screw shaft I-02 is inside the outer shell I-01, and is fixed in the central position by the outer shell I-01, so that it receives the power transmitted by the screw shaft sprocket I-06 to rotate, the guide vane a I-03 and the guide vane b I-04 are fixedly connected to the screw shaft I-02, and rotate with the rotation of the screw shaft I-02, and the discharge port I-14 is located at the lower position of the outer shell I-01, so as to transport the concrete pushed by the guide vanes on both sides to the pouring system II.

[0058] During operation, after the first motor I-10 is started, the first motor I-10 drives the transmission shaft I-09 connected to the right-angle transmission device I-11, and the transmission shaft sprocket I-07 at the end of the transmission shaft I-09 rotates accordingly, and transmits power to the screw shaft sprocket I-06 through chain transmission, driving the screw shaft I-02 to rotate. After the screw shaft I-02 starts to rotate, the guide vane on the screw shaft I-02 rotates. Since the guide vane a I-03 and the guide vane b I-04 on the stirring shaft rotate after rotation, the two guide vanes on both sides of the screw shaft rotate in opposite directions and both rotate in the direction of the discharge port I-14, so that the concrete on both sides of the discharge port I-14 can be transported to the discharge port I-14. The mesh I-05 can prevent concrete from splashing, control the flow speed of concrete, reduce impact force, and improve concrete distribution, so that it falls evenly into the pouring system II.

[0059] Reference Figure 10-Figure 15 As shown, in an assembled component casting device provided in this embodiment, the casting system II includes: bellows II-01, clamp II-02, support plate II-03, servo motor a II-04, vertical slider II-05, vertical screw II-06, vertical guide rail II-07, vertical support rod II-08, square plate II-09, transverse threaded hole slider II-10, transverse screw II-11, straight plate II-12, servo motor b II-13, longitudinal guide rail II-14, longitudinal screw II-15, servo motor c II-16, servo motor d II-17, control box II-18, start / stop button II-19, touch screen II-20, main board II-21, transverse slide bar II-22, transverse round hole slider II-23, and longitudinal threaded hole slider II-24.

[0060] The three-axis motion assembly includes a lateral moving mechanism, a longitudinal moving mechanism and a vertical moving mechanism connected in sequence. Concrete is used as the concrete discharge port through the bellows Ⅱ-01, and the bellows Ⅱ-01 is connected to the discharge port I-14 of the conveying system I. The lower end of the bellows Ⅱ-01 is fixed to the support plate Ⅱ-03 of the servo motor a Ⅱ-04 through the clamp Ⅱ-02. The servo motor a Ⅱ-04 is fixedly connected to the vertical slider Ⅱ-05. The middle hole of the vertical slider Ⅱ-05 has a thread that meshes with the vertical lead screw Ⅱ-06, so that the vertical slider Ⅱ-05 can move vertically up and down along the vertical lead screw Ⅱ-06. The end of the vertical slider Ⅱ-05 is connected to the vertical guide rail Ⅱ-07 to play a guiding role, thereby forming a vertical moving mechanism. The vertical lead screw Ⅱ-06 and the vertical support rod Ⅱ-08 are connected to the square plate Ⅱ-09. The back side of the square plate Ⅱ-09 is a transverse threaded hole slider Ⅱ-10 and a transverse round hole slider Ⅱ-23. The transverse threaded hole slider Ⅱ-10 has a threaded hole in it that meshes with the transverse lead screw Ⅱ-11. The two sides of the transverse lead screw Ⅱ-11 are respectively connected to the straight plate Ⅱ-12. The servo motor b is installed on the straight plate Ⅱ-12 and connected to the transverse lead screw Ⅱ-11 to form a transverse moving mechanism. The lower part of the straight plates Ⅱ-12 on both sides is connected to the longitudinal guide rail Ⅱ-14. The lower part of the straight plate Ⅱ-12 is fixedly connected to the longitudinal threaded hole slider Ⅱ-24. The thread meshes with the longitudinal lead screw Ⅱ-15. The end of the longitudinal lead screw Ⅱ-15 is connected to the servo motor cⅡ-16 and the servo motor dⅡ-17 to form a longitudinal moving mechanism.

[0061] During operation, concrete is transported from the conveying system I to the bellows Ⅱ-01, and the bellows Ⅱ-01 is used as the discharge port of concrete. Because the bellows Ⅱ-01 has the characteristics of retractability, it can meet the needs of pouring with the moving device. The bellows Ⅱ-01 is fixed on the support plate Ⅱ-03 by the clamp Ⅱ-02. The support plate Ⅱ-03 is connected to the vertical slider Ⅱ-05. A threaded hole is opened inside the vertical slider Ⅱ-05, so that the vertical slider Ⅱ-05 can move vertically up and down along with the vertical lead screw Ⅱ-06 under the drive of the servo motor aⅡ-04. The end of the vertical slider Ⅱ-05 is connected to the vertical guide rail Ⅱ-07, and the support rod Ⅱ-03 plays a guiding role, so that the end of the threaded pipe Ⅱ-01 clamped by the clamp Ⅱ-02 can produce the effect of up and down reciprocating motion under the drive of the servo motor aⅡ-04. Three sliders are fixed on the other side of the square plate Ⅱ-09. The transverse round hole slider Ⅱ-23 on the upper side plays a guiding role, and the transverse threaded hole slider Ⅱ-10 with threaded holes on the lower side is engaged with the transverse screw rod Ⅱ-11. Driven by the servo motor bⅡ-13, the transverse threaded hole slider Ⅱ-10 can drive the square plate Ⅱ-09 to move horizontally, thereby driving the bellows Ⅱ-01 on the square plate Ⅱ-09 to move horizontally. The horizontal slide bar Ⅱ-22 connected to the square plate above the straight plates Ⅱ-12 is connected to the horizontal screw rod Ⅱ-11. The longitudinal threaded hole slider Ⅱ-24 is below the straight plates Ⅱ-12, so that the straight plates Ⅱ-12 on both sides can move along the longitudinal guide rail Ⅱ-14. The longitudinal threaded hole slider Ⅱ-24 has threaded holes, which can mesh with the longitudinal screw rod Ⅱ-15 so that the straight plates Ⅱ-12 on both sides can move longitudinally along the direction of the longitudinal screw rod Ⅱ-15. The servo motor c Ⅱ-16 and the servo motor d Ⅱ-17 provide the corresponding power. Since the straight plates Ⅱ-12 on both sides have moved longitudinally, other parts on the straight plates will also move longitudinally. Therefore, the bellows Ⅱ-01 fixed by the clamp Ⅱ-02 will also move longitudinally, and limit switches are set in the horizontal, longitudinal and vertical directions. This enables the bellows Ⅱ-01 to move in the three directions of longitudinal, horizontal and vertical, so that the concrete can be poured by switching directions in the three directions. Under the control of the control system, the three-dimensional pouring function is realized. Fig.21 This is the structural block diagram of the control system.

[0062] For the control system, servo motor aⅡ-04 realizes vertical movement control, servo motor bⅡ-13 realizes lateral movement control, servo motor cⅡ-16 and servo motor dⅡ-17 realize longitudinal movement control. After the component model, the motion trajectory is calculated and the trajectory is transmitted to the PLC to control the movement path of the bellows Ⅱ-1, so as to cast according to the component and mold type.

[0063] The concrete pouring control system and control method thereof include a host computer, a start / stop button, four servo motor drivers, four servo motors and a PLC. The four servo motor drivers respectively drive a servo motor to realize control.

[0064] Electrical component selection:

[0065] Serial number element quantity 1 Servo Motor Driver 4 2 Servo Motor 4 3 Data Register 1 4 PLC 1 5 CPU 1 6 power supply 1 7 Start / Stop Button 1

[0066] The PLC uses Siemens S7-1200 PLC; the power supply uses PM1207 power supply module; the CPU uses CPU1214C; the SIPLUS interface is used to control four servo motors, and position control is achieved through the position control of the servo motors; the Ethernet interface is used to achieve communication between the PC, touch screen, and PLC to achieve information exchange. The PC is installed with the application software TIA Portal, and the PLC is programmed through the TIA Portal software, and communication is achieved through the Ethernet network. The PLC uses the SIMATIC S7-1200 control system to achieve communication between the PC and the PLC, and an Ethernet communication module and a device network communication module are added to the controller rack.

[0067] The mold and components can be modeled and the corresponding motion trajectory can be calculated through modeling software such as Solidworks. The required motion trajectory, speed and other parameters can be input into the system, and the required path information can be input or edited on the interface of the host computer. This information includes parameters such as the shape, length, and speed of the path, so that the casting path planning of molds and prefabricated components of different shapes and sizes can be realized. The host computer transmits the edited path information to the PLC through the communication protocol (TCP / IP, Modbus). The PLC controller receives the path information from the host computer, and generates corresponding control instructions based on this information to parse the target position and speed that each motor needs to move. The PLC controller internally parses the path information, and based on the parsed path information, the PLC will generate corresponding control signals to drive the motor. According to the instructions of the PLC controller, the servo drive and the motor drive the motors in three directions to perform precise movements. Driven by the movement of the three motors, the bellows set as the discharge port can be cast according to the path in 3D space. The servo drive is responsible for receiving the control signal of the PLC and converting it into the actual movement of the motor.

[0068] PLC input quantity allocation table:

[0069] address Function address Function I01 move I09 Vertical reverse movement I02 stop I10 Longitudinal left limit switch I03 Reset I11 Longitudinal right limit switch I04 Longitudinal positive movement I12 Lateral left limit switch I05 Reverse longitudinal movement I13 Lateral right limit switch I06 Positive lateral movement I14 Vertical left limit switch I07 Horizontal reverse movement I15 Vertical right limit switch IO8 Vertical positive movement

[0070] refer to Figure 16-Figure 20As shown, in a prefabricated component casting device provided in this embodiment, the vibration system III includes: a second motor III-01, a motor synchronous box III-02, a transmission shaft III-03, a vibrator III-04, a vibration table III-05, a rib plate III-06, a seamless pipe III-07, a positioning block III-08, a mechanical clamping device III-09, an ultrasonic transceiver III-10, a support base plate III-11, a column III-12, a spring III-13, a threaded rod III-14, a clamping device body III-15, a telescopic rod III-16, a clamping claw III-17, a frame slider III-18, and a frame guide rail III-19. The vibrator III-04 is connected to the vibration table III-05, and the bearing part is provided with a positioning block III-08 that contacts the mold. The spring III-13 is connected to the bottom angle position of the vibration table III-05, and the mechanical clamping device III-09 is connected to the edge position of the vibration table III-05. The ultrasonic transceiver device III-10 is mounted above the bearing portion, and the action area of ​​the ultrasonic transceiver device III-10 covers the bearing portion.

[0071] The second motor III-01 is connected to the motor synchronous box III-02. The other side of the motor synchronous box III-02 is connected to the vibrator III-04 through two transmission shafts III-03. The vibrator III-04 is fixed on the vibration table III-05. The rib plate III-06 and the seamless pipe III-07 below the vibration table III-05 are fixed to the vibration table. The spring III-13 is connected to the seamless pipe III-07. The seamless pipe III-07 on the lower side of the spring III-13 is fixed to the supporting bottom plate III-11. Positioning blocks III-08 are fixed to the four corners of the vibration table III-05. Three mechanical clamping devices III-10 are fixed to the three sides of the vibration table III-05. Four ultrasonic transceivers III-10 are installed on the four columns III-12 of the frame.

[0072] Working principle: The concrete mold is installed according to the four positioning blocks Ⅲ-08 on the vibration table Ⅲ-05. The positioning blocks Ⅲ-08 limit the lateral and longitudinal movement of the mold. After installation, the mold is clamped by the mechanical clamping device Ⅲ-09 fixed on the three sides of the vibration table Ⅲ-05, thereby limiting the vertical movement of the mold, so that the concrete mold can be firmly installed on the vibration table Ⅲ-05, so that the mold will not slip during the vibration process. After the mold is installed, the conveying and pouring processes are carried out in sequence. After the pouring is completed, the second motor Ⅲ-01 is started. The second motor Ⅲ-01 is connected to the motor synchronous box Ⅲ-02. The motor synchronous box Ⅲ-02 can ensure that each output shaft obtains the same speed and torque. The transmission shaft Ⅲ-03 is connected to the motor synchronous box Ⅲ-02, so as to transmit the power to the exciter Ⅲ-04. When the eccentric blocks inside the exciter Ⅲ-04 rotate under the power of the transmission shaft Ⅲ-03, because they are not located at the center of the shaft, an outward force will be generated. The magnitude and direction of this force will change with the position of the eccentric block. In a complete rotation, each eccentric block will go through the process from the nearest point to the farthest point. The centrifugal force generated in this process will also change from the minimum to the maximum and then back to the minimum. This centrifugal force changes with the position of the eccentric block, thereby generating forces in different directions, thereby generating horizontal, vertical, and tilting movements, causing the vibration table Ⅲ-05 to vibrate, thereby achieving the effect of compaction. When the concrete surface has sufficient slurry, no obvious bubbles or holes, and the surface is flat and smooth, it means that the density of the concrete has reached a certain compactness. At this time, by adjusting the ultrasonic transceiver III-10 located on the frame, ultrasonic density detection of the concrete is performed along the diagonal direction of the frame, so as to further verify the density of the concrete and determine whether further vibration is needed.

[0073] When ultrasonic testing is performed on concrete density, the propagation speed of ultrasonic waves in concrete is related to the density of the concrete. If there are cavities or cracks inside the concrete, the propagation speed of ultrasonic waves will slow down because the sound waves will encounter more reflections and scattering in these areas. By measuring the propagation time of ultrasonic waves in concrete, the speed of sound can be calculated. If the actual measured speed of sound is lower than the theoretically calculated speed of sound, there may be a density problem.

[0074] Based on the density and elastic modulus of concrete, the formula To calculate the theoretical speed of sound.

[0075] Among them, the specific formula for calculating the theoretical sound speed is:

[0076]

[0077] v--theoretical sound speed (m / s);

[0078] E--elastic modulus of concrete (MPa);

[0079] ρ--concrete density (kg / m 3 );

[0080] Calculation method of concrete elastic modulus:

[0081] The elastic modulus of the specimen can also be calculated by static compression testing. The stress-strain curve is measured by axially loading a standard size concrete specimen. The elastic modulus can be obtained by calculating the ratio of stress to strain within the linear range of the stress-strain curve. Usually, this ratio is calculated when the stress reaches 40%-50% of the ultimate compressive strength.

[0082] The specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0083]

[0084] E--elastic modulus of concrete (MPa);

[0085] σ--Stress (MPa);

[0086] ε--is the strain (dimensionless);

[0087] Calculate Stress: Based on the applied force and the cross-sectional area of ​​the specimen, calculate the stress.

[0088] The formula is:

[0089]

[0090] F--applied force (N);

[0091] A--Cross-sectional area of ​​the specimen (m 2 );

[0092] Calculate strain: Calculate strain based on the original length and length change of the specimen.

[0093] The formula is:

[0094]

[0095] ΔL--length change (m);

[0096] L--original length (m);

[0097] Note: After plotting the stress-strain curve, find the elastic range on the stress-strain curve, usually the initial linear portion of the curve. Make sure it is within the elastic range, select a set of corresponding stress and strain values, and substitute them into the above formula to calculate the elastic modulus.

[0098] For concrete-formed components, density calculation is done by preparing a concrete sample of known volume. Weigh its mass using a precision electronic scale. Divide the mass by the volume to get the density of the concrete. This method is simple and easy to use, but care must be taken to ensure the representativeness of the sample and the accuracy of the measurement.

[0099] The formula is:

[0100]

[0101] ρ--density of concrete (kg / m 3 );

[0102] m--mass of concrete sample (kg);

[0103] V--concrete sample volume (m 3 );

[0104] Note: To improve accuracy, multiple samples can be measured and the average density can be calculated. The average and standard deviation of multiple measurements can be calculated to assess the dispersion and reliability of the data.

[0105] According to the above formula, the theoretical sound velocity of the target concrete is calculated.

[0106] Actual speed of sound:

[0107] formula:

[0108]

[0109] v 0-- The actual propagation speed of ultrasound in concrete (m / s);

[0110] d--the distance that ultrasonic waves propagate in concrete (m);

[0111] t--The time required for ultrasonic waves to propagate in concrete (s);

[0112] In summary, after calculating the actual propagation velocity v0, it is compared with the theoretical sound speed v. If it is smaller than the theoretical sound speed, it means that the density of the concrete is insufficient.

[0113] Example 2

[0114] In another typical embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1-Figure 21 As shown, a working method of a 3D concrete casting device for a prefabricated component is provided, using the 3D concrete casting device for a prefabricated component as in Example 1.

[0115] A working method of a 3D concrete pouring device for an assembled component, comprising:

[0116] The mold is installed on the bearing part of the vibration table III-05 and fixed in position by a mechanical clamping device III-09;

[0117] The conveying system I receives the concrete and inputs the concrete into the bellows II-01 through the discharge port. The position of the output end of the bellows II-01 is adjusted by the three-axis motion component to input the concrete into the mold;

[0118] The vibration table III-05 drives the mold to vibrate, making the concrete in the mold dense. After the concrete is filled in the mold, the mold is replaced, and concrete is input into the new mold and vibrated.

[0119] The concrete filling path is planned according to the shape of the mold, and the output end of the corrugated pipe Ⅱ-01 inputs concrete into the mold according to the planned path.

[0120] like Fig.16 As shown, a frame slider III-18 is installed under the integral casting frame, so that the frame can slide along the frame guide rail III-19. The purpose of this is to facilitate the installation of the assembled component mold before casting, and after the casting and vibration are completed, the mold can be transferred for concrete and maintenance, which can avoid damage to the frame during the installation and disassembly of the concrete mold.

[0121] Fig. 20 The mechanical clamping device Ⅲ-09 shown in the figure is composed of a threaded rod Ⅲ-14, a clamping device body Ⅲ-15, a telescopic rod Ⅲ-16, and a claw Ⅲ-17. When the handle below the threaded rod Ⅲ-14 is twisted to drive the threaded rod Ⅲ-14 to rotate forward, the threaded rod Ⅲ-14 rises, thereby pushing the telescopic rod Ⅲ-16 in the body to rise, and the telescopic rod Ⅲ-16 pushes the claw Ⅲ-17 to close tightly, thereby fixing the mold on the vibration table Ⅲ-05 and limiting the vertical movement of the mold. When the mold needs to be disassembled and transported, the mold needs to be disassembled. At this time, you only need to rotate the threaded rod Ⅲ-14 in the opposite direction, the threaded rod Ⅲ-14 will drop, and the telescopic rod Ⅲ-16 will drop accordingly, driving the claw Ⅲ-17 to release the pressure on the mold, thereby contacting the restriction on the vertical movement of the mold.

[0122] The specific mold installation process is as follows: before installation, first slide the frame along the guide rail Ⅲ-18 to one side, leaving corresponding space on the vibration table Ⅲ-05 to facilitate the installation of the concrete mold, and install the mold according to the positioning block Ⅲ-08 of the vibration table Ⅲ-05 to limit the lateral and longitudinal movement of the mold. Then, use the mechanical clamping device Ⅲ-09 fixed to the three sides of the vibration table Ⅲ-05, and twist the wrench in the positive direction to drive the threaded rod Ⅲ-14 of the mechanical clamping device to rotate positively and drive the telescopic rod Ⅲ-16 to rise, so that the claw Ⅲ-17 is tightened to limit the vertical movement of the concrete mold, so that the concrete mold can be fixed on the vibration table Ⅲ-05, and then slide the frame along the guide rail back to the original position, and the guide rail is moved to the original position. A card slot is set in the rail to determine the position of the frame and the role of fixing the frame, and then the relevant concrete transportation, pouring, and vibration are carried out. After a series of processes are completed, after the density of the prefabricated components is qualified through ultrasonic testing, the next step is to transport the concrete mold and the prefabricated components in the mold for concrete curing. At this time, just slide the frame to one side again, and then loosen the mechanical clamping device Ⅲ-09 on the vibration table, and twist the plate of the mechanical clamping device Ⅲ-09 in the opposite direction to make the spiral rod Ⅲ-14 drop, drive the telescopic rod Ⅲ-16 to drop, so that the claw Ⅲ-17 is loosened and contacts the vertical restriction of the concrete mold, and then the concrete mold is lifted and transported to the subsequent process of prefabricated component production.

[0123] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A 3D concrete pouring device for assembled components, characterized in that: include: The conveying system comprises an outer shell and a guide vane, wherein the outer shell forms a temporary storage cavity with an opening at the top and a discharge port at the bottom, and the guide vane is rotatably installed in the temporary storage cavity; The casting system includes a three-axis motion component and a bellows, one end of the bellows is connected to the discharge port, and the other end is connected to the output end of the three-axis motion component; The compaction system includes a vibration table, a vibration drive mechanism and a supporting base plate. The vibration table is installed on the supporting base plate through multiple springs. The output end of the vibration drive mechanism is connected to the vibration table. The vibration table forms a bearing part that bears the mold. Multiple mechanical clamping devices are arranged around the vibration table to clamp the mold on the bearing part.

2. The 3D concrete pouring device for prefabricated components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide vanes are spiral blades, and guide vanes with opposite rotation directions are respectively arranged on both sides of the axis of the discharge port in the external shell.

3. The 3D concrete pouring device for prefabricated components according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top opening of the external shell is provided with a mesh sheet, and the mesh sheet is provided with mesh holes distributed in an array.

4. The 3D concrete pouring device for a prefabricated component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-axis motion assembly comprises a lateral moving mechanism, a longitudinal moving mechanism and a vertical moving mechanism which are connected in sequence. A vertical slider is provided at the output end of the vertical moving mechanism, and one end of the bellows away from the discharge port is connected to the vertical slider.

5. The 3D concrete pouring device for a prefabricated component according to claim 4, characterized in that: The casting system is mounted on the vibration system, and one end of the bellows away from the discharge port faces the mold on the bearing part.

6. The 3D concrete pouring device for prefabricated components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration driving mechanism is provided with a vibration exciter, the vibration exciter is connected to the vibration table, and the bearing part is provided with a positioning block contacting the mold.

7. The 3D concrete pouring device for a prefabricated component according to claim 6, characterized in that: The spring is connected to the bottom angle position of the vibration table, and the mechanical clamping device is connected to the edge position of the vibration table.

8. The 3D concrete pouring device for a prefabricated component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compaction system further comprises an ultrasonic transceiver, which is mounted above the bearing part, and the action area of ​​the ultrasonic transceiver covers the bearing part.

9. A working method of a 3D concrete pouring device for a prefabricated component, using the 3D concrete pouring device for a prefabricated component as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include: The mold is installed on the bearing part of the vibration table and fixed in position by a mechanical clamping device; The conveying system receives the concrete and inputs it into the corrugated pipe through the discharge port. The position of the output end of the corrugated pipe is adjusted by the three-axis motion assembly to input the concrete into the mold. The vibrating table drives the mold to vibrate, making the concrete in the mold dense. After the concrete is filled in the mold, the mold is replaced, and concrete is input into the new mold and vibrated to compact it.

10. The working method of the 3D concrete pouring device for prefabricated components according to claim 9, characterized in that: The concrete filling path is planned according to the shape of the mold, and the output end of the corrugated pipe inputs concrete into the mold according to the planned path.

Images