Vegetable oil-in-water type working fluid for electric spark milling

Abstract

The invention discloses a vegetable oil-in-water type working solution for electric spark milling. The working fluid comprises the following main components: deionized water, olive oil, a surfactant, an antioxidant, an anti-wear agent, an anti-rust agent and a dispersing additive. Wherein the surfactant is composed of Span80 and Tween 80, the antioxidant is selected from sodium sulfite, the anti-wear agent is selected from vulcanized lard oil, the anti-rust agent is selected from oleic acid octadecane amine, and the dispersing additive is selected from styrene sulfonic acid. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, dropwise adding the Tween 80 into the deionized water, stirring for 5 minutes, dropwise adding the Span80, stirring for 5 minutes, and dropwise adding the vegetable oil, the sodium sulfite and the styrene sulfonic acid into the liquid at a constant speed while stirring, so as to obtain a crude solution A; heating the crude solution A in a water bath manner to obtain an emulsion B; putting the emulsion B, vulcanized lard oil and octadecylamine oleate into a reaction kettle, and controlling the pressure of the reaction kettle to be 2MPa and the temperature to be 65 DEG C, so as to obtain the vegetable oil-in-water type crude emulsion. And stirring in a water bath kettle to room temperature to obtain the vegetable oil-in-water type working fluid for electric spark milling. The vegetable oil-in-water type working solution for electric spark milling has the advantages of being environmentally friendly, high in flash point, low in conductivity, safe to use and the like, effectively solves the problem that an oil-based working solution pollutes the environment, and meets the requirements of green manufacturing and sustainable development.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of electric spark milling, in particular to a water-in-vegetable oil type working fluid for electric spark milling. Background Art

[0002] EDM milling can use simple rod-shaped electrodes to machine complex cavities. It has the advantages of high machining accuracy, no mechanical force, and is suitable for conductive and difficult-to-machine materials. It is widely used in mold manufacturing, aerospace, medical equipment, automotive industry, precision engineering and other fields. Working fluid is an important part of the EDM milling process. It plays the role of cooling, chip removal, insulation and reducing electrode loss, and has an important impact on machining efficiency, accuracy and surface quality.

[0003] In order to meet the processing requirements of EDM milling, the working fluid needs to have excellent cooling performance to prevent overheating of the workpiece and electrode; good chip removal ability is necessary to quickly remove the waste chips generated during processing and keep the discharge gap clean; at the same time, the insulation performance of the working fluid must be high enough to ensure the stability of the discharge and the processing accuracy; in terms of environmental protection and safety, the working fluid should have low volatility, non-toxicity, and be easy to handle to reduce risks to the environment and operators; in addition, the working fluid needs to have high stability during long-term use.

[0004] At present, the commonly used EDM working fluids mainly include mineral oil, synthetic oil, water-based working fluid, mineral oil-in-water emulsion, water-in-mineral oil emulsion, vegetable oil, etc. Mineral oil has good insulation properties and is often used in the finishing process of EDM forming processing, but it has high viscosity, poor chip removal ability, insufficient heat dissipation effect, and is prone to fire during EDM processing, making it unsuitable for EDM milling processing. In addition, mineral oil is easy to decompose and produce short-chain hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, aldehydes and ketone compounds, carbon monoxide and other harmful substances during long-term discharge, and has poor environmental protection. Synthetic oil is usually composed of additives such as mineral oil, antioxidants, and insulating agents. It has strong thermal stability and excellent insulation properties. However, its preparation cost is high, and it is easy to decompose and produce harmful substances such as low molecular hydrocarbons, aldehydes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons after long-term use in EDM. Water-based working fluid adds surfactants, rust inhibitors, viscosity regulators, etc. to deionized water, which help improve the wettability, dispersibility and fluidity of the working fluid, so it has excellent cooling and chip removal effects, but poor insulation performance. It is often used in EDM wire cutting. When used in EDM milling, it is easy to produce a large voltage drop, which weakens the effect of discharge etching workpiece materials. Compared with mineral oil, mineral oil-in-water emulsions and water-in-mineral oil emulsions have better heat dissipation performance because water has better thermal conductivity and can quickly take away the heat generated during the processing. In addition, the introduction of water also reduces the oil content, which reduces the decomposition of mineral oil to a certain extent, but it still produces harmful substances, which are harmful to the human body and the environment. Vegetable oil is mainly composed of glycerol and fatty acids. It is a renewable resource with strong biodegradability and less pollution to the environment after use. However, the viscosity of vegetable oil is high. When used in EDM, it will lead to reduced heat dissipation performance and difficulty in chip removal, and it is easy to oxidize during high temperature or long-term use.

[0005] With the development of modern society, the requirements for the safety and environmental protection of the production process are increasing, and higher requirements are also placed on the stability, safety and environmental protection performance of the machining working fluid. Therefore, the development of a new type of safe and environmentally friendly water-in-vegetable oil working fluid for EDM milling has important significance and application value. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a water-in-vegetable oil type working fluid for electric spark milling, which can improve the efficiency and precision of electric spark milling and reduce environmental pollution.

[0007] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] The invention provides a water-in-vegetable oil type working fluid for electric spark milling, which is composed of deionized water, olive oil, a surfactant, an antioxidant, an anti-wear agent, a rust inhibitor and a dispersing additive in a mass ratio of (55-70):(15-25):(6-12):(2-4):(4-5):(4-5):(1-2).

[0009] Preferably, the antioxidant is sodium sulfite.

[0010] Preferably, the surfactant consists of Span80 and Tween80.

[0011] Preferably, the anti-wear agent is sulphurized lard.

[0012] Preferably, the rust inhibitor is octadecylamine oleate.

[0013] Preferably, the dispersing additive is styrene sulfonic acid.

[0014] The preparation steps of the water-in-vegetable oil type working fluid for EDM milling are as follows:

[0015] Step 1: Tween 80 is added dropwise to deionized water, and the mixture is stirred using a centrifugal stirrer. Span 80 is then added dropwise, and the mixture is stirred using a centrifugal stirrer. The required vegetable oil, sodium sulfite and styrene sulfonic acid are then uniformly added dropwise to the liquid within 15 minutes while stirring to obtain a crude solution A.

[0016] Step 2: heating the crude solution A in a water bath to obtain an emulsion B;

[0017] Step 3: Adding emulsion B, sulphurized lard and octadecylamine oleate into a reactor for emulsification reaction to obtain a water-in-vegetable oil type crude emulsion;

[0018] Step 4: placing the water-in-vegetable oil type crude emulsion in an ultrasonic tank for ultrasonic treatment for 10 minutes;

[0019] Step 5: Cool to room temperature while stirring to obtain a water-in-vegetable oil type working solution.

[0020] Preferably, the stirring time in step 1 and step 5 is 5 minutes, and the stirring rate is 1000 revolutions per minute.

[0021] Preferably, in step 2, the water bath heating time is 60 min and the heating temperature is 60-65°C.

[0022] Preferably: in step 3, the pressure of the reactor is controlled to be 2 MPa and the temperature is 65°C.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. Strong environmental friendliness: The olive oil used in the water-in-vegetable oil type working fluid for the electric spark milling of the present invention is a natural and renewable resource.

[0025] 2. Protect human health: The water-in-vegetable oil type working fluid for electrospark milling of the present invention has no irritating odor and will not pose a threat to the health of workers during the production and processing process.

[0026] 3. Good processing quality: The water-in-vegetable oil type working fluid for EDM milling of the present invention has good dielectric properties, and the larger dielectric coefficient improves the stability of discharge, has a good processing electro-erosion effect, reduces abnormal discharges such as short circuit and arcing, and improves processing accuracy and surface quality.

[0027] 4. High processing safety: The high flash point and low volatility of the water-in-vegetable oil type working fluid for electrospark milling of the present invention reduce the risk of fire and explosion and improve the safety of the processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0029] Figure 1 This is the microscopic morphology of water-in-vegetable oil type working fluid in EDM milling. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] The invention provides a water-in-vegetable oil type working fluid for electric spark milling, which is composed of deionized water, olive oil, a surfactant, an antioxidant, an anti-wear agent, a rust inhibitor and a dispersing additive in a mass ratio of (55-70):(15-25):(6-12):(2-4):(4-5):(4-5):(1-2).

[0032] A water-in-vegetable oil type working fluid for electric spark milling, the preparation steps are as follows:

[0033] Step 1: Tween 80 is added dropwise to deionized water, and the mixture is stirred using a centrifugal stirrer. Span 80 is then added dropwise, and the mixture is stirred using a centrifugal stirrer. The required vegetable oil, sodium sulfite and styrene sulfonic acid are then uniformly added dropwise to the liquid within 15 minutes while stirring to obtain a crude solution A.

[0034] Step 2: heating the crude solution A in a water bath to obtain an emulsion B;

[0035] Step 3: Adding emulsion B, sulphurized lard and octadecylamine oleate into a reactor for emulsification reaction to obtain a water-in-vegetable oil type crude emulsion;

[0036] Step 4: placing the water-in-vegetable oil type crude emulsion in an ultrasonic tank for ultrasonic treatment for 10 minutes;

[0037] Step 5: Cool to room temperature while stirring to obtain a water-in-vegetable oil type working solution.

[0038] The present invention is further configured as follows: the stirring time in step 1 and step 5 is 5 minutes, and the stirring rate is 1000 revolutions per minute.

[0039] The present invention is further configured as follows: in step 2, the water bath heating time is 60 minutes, and the heating temperature is 60-65°C.

[0040] The present invention is further configured as follows: in step 3, the pressure of the reactor is controlled to be 2MPa and the temperature is controlled to be 65°C.

[0041] The microstructure of water-in-vegetable oil working fluid in electrospark milling was analyzed using a PH100-3B41L-IPL Phoenix microscope. Figure 1 The microstructure of the water-in-vegetable oil type working fluid prepared for EDM milling is Figure 1 It can be seen that the water-in-vegetable oil type working fluid in EDM milling under stable state is composed of two parts: water phase and oil phase. The water phase is the continuous phase, and the oil phase is evenly dispersed in the water phase in the form of tiny droplets.

[0042] First embodiment: A water-in-vegetable oil type working fluid for electric spark milling is composed of the following ingredients: 60g deionized water, 18g olive oil, 4g Span80, 2g Tween80, 4g sodium sulfite, 5g sulfonated lard, 5g octadecylamine oleate, and 2g styrene sulfonic acid.

[0043] The preparation steps of the water-in-vegetable oil type working fluid for EDM milling are as follows:

[0044] Tween80 was added dropwise to deionized water, stirred at 1000 revolutions per minute for 5 minutes, Span80 was added dropwise, stirred at 1000 revolutions per minute for 5 minutes, and then the required vegetable oil, sodium sulfite and styrene sulfonic acid were uniformly added to the liquid at 1000 revolutions per minute within 15 minutes to obtain a crude solution A. The crude solution A was then heated in a water bath for 60 minutes at a temperature of 65°C to obtain an emulsion B. Emulsion B, sulfonated lard and oleic acid octadecylamine were then added to a reactor, the pressure of the reactor was controlled at 2MPa and the temperature was 65°C to obtain a water-in-vegetable oil type crude emulsion. Subsequently, the water bath was kept at 1000 revolutions per minute and stirred to room temperature to obtain a water-in-vegetable oil type working fluid for EDM milling.

[0045] Second embodiment: A water-in-vegetable oil type working fluid for electrospark milling, composed of the following ingredients: 55g deionized water, 22g olive oil, 8g Span80, 4g Tween80, 2g sodium sulfite, 4g sulfonated lard, 4g octadecylamine oleate, and 1g styrene sulfonic acid.

[0046] The preparation steps of the water-in-vegetable oil type working fluid for EDM milling are as follows:

[0047] Tween80 was added dropwise to deionized water, stirred at 1000 revolutions per minute for 5 minutes, Span80 was added dropwise, stirred at 1000 revolutions per minute for 5 minutes, and then the required vegetable oil, sodium sulfite and styrene sulfonic acid were uniformly added to the liquid at 1000 revolutions per minute within 15 minutes to obtain a crude solution A. The crude solution A was then heated in a water bath for 60 minutes at a temperature of 65°C to obtain an emulsion B. Emulsion B, sulfonated lard and oleic acid octadecylamine were then added to a reactor, the pressure of the reactor was controlled at 2MPa and the temperature was 65°C to obtain a water-in-vegetable oil type crude emulsion. Subsequently, the water bath was kept at 1000 revolutions per minute and stirred to room temperature to obtain a water-in-vegetable oil type working fluid for EDM milling.

[0048] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0049] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A water-in-vegetable oil type working fluid for electrospark milling, characterized in that: The invention is composed of deionized water, olive oil, surfactant, antioxidant, anti-wear agent, rust inhibitor and dispersing additive in a mass ratio of (55-70):(15-25):(6-12):(2-4):(4-5):(4-5):(1-2).

2. The water-in-vegetable oil type working fluid for electrospark milling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surfactant consists of Span80 and Tween80.

3. The water-in-vegetable oil type working fluid for electrospark milling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antioxidant is sodium sulfite.

4. The vegetable oil-in-water type working fluid for electrospark milling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-wear agent is sulphurized lard.

5. The vegetable oil-in-water type working fluid for electrospark milling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rust inhibitor is octadecylamine oleate.

6. The water-in-vegetable oil type working fluid for electrospark milling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dispersing additive is styrene sulfonic acid.

7. The water-in-vegetable oil type working fluid for electrospark milling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation steps are as follows: Step 1: Tween 80 is added dropwise to deionized water, and the mixture is stirred using a centrifugal stirrer. Span 80 is then added dropwise, and the mixture is stirred using a centrifugal stirrer. The required vegetable oil, sodium sulfite and styrene sulfonic acid are then uniformly added dropwise to the liquid within 15 minutes while stirring to obtain a crude solution A. Step 2: heating the crude solution A in a water bath to obtain an emulsion B; Step 3: Adding emulsion B, sulphurized lard and octadecylamine oleate into a reactor for emulsification reaction to obtain a water-in-vegetable oil type crude emulsion; Step 4: placing the water-in-vegetable oil type crude emulsion in an ultrasonic tank for ultrasonic treatment for 10 minutes; Step 5: Cool to room temperature while stirring to obtain a water-in-vegetable oil type working solution.

8. The vegetable oil-in-water type working fluid for electrospark milling according to claim 7, characterized in that: The stirring time in step 1 and step 5 was 5 min, and the stirring speed was 1000 revolutions per minute.

9. The vegetable oil-in-water type working fluid for electric spark milling according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step 2, the water bath heating time is 60 minutes and the heating temperature is 60-65°C.

10. The water-in-vegetable oil type working fluid for electrospark milling according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step 3, the pressure of the reactor was controlled to be 2 MPa and the temperature was controlled to be 65°C.

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