One-way sand blocking and mist catching barrier and sand blocking and mist catching protection system and method in desert area

Abstract

The invention discloses a one-way sand blocking and mist catching barrier and a sand blocking and mist catching protection system and method in a desert area. The sand blocking and mist catching protection system comprises one-way sand blocking and mist catching barriers, sand sedimentation ditches, evaporated water collecting devices and sand stabilization afforestation covering plates, all of which are arranged in a first strip-shaped area, a second strip-shaped area, a third strip-shaped area and a fourth strip-shaped area respectively. The first strip-shaped area, the second strip-shaped area, the third strip-shaped area and the fourth strip-shaped area are sequentially arranged in the upwind direction or the peripheral area of a protected object in the prevailing wind direction, are parallel to one another and are perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction. The one-way sand blocking and mist catching barrier in the upwind direction can catch water vapor in wind, and the evaporated water collecting device in the downwind direction can collect ground evaporated water for plant irrigation. A part of quicksand is fixed by the sand settling ditches and the sand-fixing afforestation covering plates, plants are planted on the sand settling ditches and the sand-fixing afforestation covering plates, the effects of shading, moisturizing and quicksand fixing can be achieved, and the method is suitable for sand and sand protection and ecological construction in desert areas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fog capture for ecological environment management in desert areas, and in particular to a one-way sand blocking and fog capture barrier, and a sand blocking and fog capture protection system and method for desert areas. Background Art

[0002] Surface water resources in the form of rivers and lakes in arid deserts are extremely scarce, but there is still a considerable amount of water resources in the form of surface evaporated water or fog. This part of water resources is difficult to be used efficiently on a large scale by humans. Specifically, the rainfall in arid deserts is only tens to hundreds of millimeters, but the evaporation is thousands of millimeters. Under the scorching sun, a large amount of soil moisture continuously enters the air through evaporation and cannot be used by vegetation, resulting in a waste of water resources. How to efficiently collect and utilize this part of surface evaporated water and serve the vegetation construction or water use in arid areas is a key technical problem that needs to be solved in the utilization of water resources in arid deserts. Based on this problem, collecting fog carried in air currents in arid deserts and using it for drinking or irrigation is a new way to utilize water resources.

[0003] Under this idea, fog capture net technology was born. Its collection principles are mainly as follows: 1. Intercept fog; 2. Condensation: After the fog contacts the net, it condenses on the surface of the net to form water droplets; 3. Diversion collection: The net surface can divert the condensed water droplets to the collection device. The fog capture net is generally composed of the following parts: 1. Net body; 2. Bracket: used to support the net body to keep it in a certain shape and tension; 3. Water collection tank: collects the condensed water droplets on the net body and diverts them to the storage device.

[0004] The existing sand barriers and fog catching nets can only achieve a single function. Among them, the single-layer warp knitted wire mesh structure of the sand barrier results in a small contact area between the wire mesh and the airflow, and the low permeability of 30-50% makes its airflow permeability poor, which is not suitable for the condensation of fog droplets on the wire mesh. Therefore, the general sand barrier can only play a role in blocking sand and cannot achieve the fog catching function; while the permeability of the fog catching net is generally above 70%, and its permeability is too large, so the wind and sand flow can pass directly, and it cannot block the wind and sand. In addition, sand barriers are a commonly used wind and sand protection measure, generally using a vertical high-standing structure, which can achieve sand accumulation before and after the sand barrier. As the protection time goes by, the base of the sand barrier will be buried in sand or even completely buried, and the protection efficiency will be significantly reduced.

[0005] Based on the above purposes, the inventors were inspired by the structure of the shell of the desert fog beetle and developed a barrier structure with the dual functions of blocking sand and catching fog. The shell of the desert fog beetle has a special surface structure and differential distribution characteristics of hydrophobic and hydrophilic areas. For example: tiny protrusions or thorns help increase the contact area with the air and facilitate the condensation of water vapor; specific textures or patterns play a certain role in the collection and diversion of dew, so that the condensed dew flows along the texture and protrusions to the beetle's mouth; the distribution of hydrophobic and hydrophilic areas is related to the collection and retention of water. Among them, the hydrophobic areas on the surface of the back shell are mainly concentrated in the raised parts of the back shell. These areas help prevent water retention and make water droplets roll off easily. The hydrophilic areas exist in some depressions or specific parts of the head of the back shell. These areas help collect and retain water and inhibit water evaporation. In addition, other beetles with similar characteristics include the glabripennis beetle, stag beetle, rhinoceros beetle, etc. Their carapaces also have differences in the distribution of hydrophobic and hydrophilic areas of the concave-convex structure. This structure enables desert beetles to efficiently collect water from the air and survive in arid environments.

[0006] In summary, how to construct a structure in foggy desert areas to achieve the multiple functions of long-term sand blocking, sand fixation, fog capture, and collection of surface evaporated water will provide a new idea for wind and sand control, water resource utilization, and ecological construction in these arid areas. The corresponding supporting technologies will play a positive role in promoting sustainable development in arid areas. Summary of the invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier, a sand-blocking and fog-catching protection system and method for desert areas, so as to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention includes:

[0009] The first aspect of the present invention provides a one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier, which includes a support structure and a three-dimensional net. The support structure includes at least an inclined keel, a vertical support, and a vertical support lifting mechanism. The three-dimensional net is covered on the inclined keel. The inclination angle range of the inclined keel to the ground is 55°65°. The vertical support lifting mechanism acts on the vertical support to make the vertical support reciprocate, so as to adjust the fog catching angle of the three-dimensional net.

[0010] In this technical solution, the optimal angle of the three-dimensional net should take into account both the sand blocking function and its fog catching function. The larger the angle, the larger the contact area with the airflow, the easier it is for fog droplets to drip, and the stronger the fog catching function; but for sand blocking, if the angle is too large, the diversion and lifting effect on the surface of the barrier and the negative pressure area formed behind the barrier will be reduced, turbulence and backflow will be weakened, and the sand accumulation efficiency will be reduced. Therefore, the inclination angle range of the inclined keel and the ground is 55°-65°, which can better take into account the dual functions of sand blocking and fog catching.

[0011] Furthermore, the vertical support has a sleeve structure, including an outer tube and an inner tube, the inner tube is sleeved in the outer tube, and the inner tube is connected to the vertical support lifting mechanism, so that the inner tube performs vertical reciprocating motion in the outer tube.

[0012] Furthermore, the three-dimensional net includes a plurality of first wire loops and a plurality of second wire loops, the first wire loops are formed by nylon wires extending and winding along a first direction, the second wire loops are formed by nylon wires extending and winding along a second direction, the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction, the surfaces of the first wire loops and the second wire loops are respectively covered with a hydrophilic material film and a hydrophobic material film, and the ratio of the number of the first wire loops to the number of the second wire loops is greater than 4.

[0013] Furthermore, the length of the three-dimensional net in the direction perpendicular to the main wind direction is 2-4 m, and the width in the direction of the main wind direction is 2-3 m.

[0014] The three-dimensional net has a porosity of 5080% and a thickness of 0.53 cm;

[0015] The diameter of the nylon thread is 0.3-2 mm.

[0016] Furthermore, the one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier also includes a slide rail, the slide rail has a C-shaped opening structure, the vertical bracket performs horizontal reciprocating motion on the slide rail through a sliding mechanism, the sliding mechanism includes a sleeve connecting section and a rotating connecting section perpendicular to the sleeve connecting section, the sleeve connecting section is inserted into the rotating connecting section, and the rotating connecting section is connected to the slide rail.

[0017] Furthermore, the one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier also includes a plurality of foundation piles, which are arranged in a straight line below the ground along the main wind direction, and a fixed connecting section is provided on the top of the ground surface of the foundation piles for connecting with the slide rail.

[0018] The second aspect of the present invention provides a sand-blocking and fog-catching protection system for desert areas, comprising a one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier, a sand settling ditch, an evaporation water collection device and a sand-fixing and afforestation cover plate as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, which are respectively arranged in a first strip-shaped area, a second strip-shaped area, a third strip-shaped area and a fourth strip-shaped area, wherein the first strip-shaped area, the second strip-shaped area, the third strip-shaped area and the fourth strip-shaped area are arranged in sequence along the main wind direction in the upwind direction or the surrounding area of ​​the protection object, the first strip-shaped area, the second strip-shaped area, the third strip-shaped area and the fourth strip-shaped area are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the main wind direction, wherein the spacings between the first strip-shaped area, the second strip-shaped area, the third strip-shaped area and the fourth strip-shaped area are d1, d2 and d3 respectively, the value range of d1 is 1018m, the value range of d2 is 102m, the value range of d3 is 25m, d1+d2≤20H, and H is the height of the one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier.

[0019] Furthermore, the sand settling ditch is covered with a top plate, and a sand inlet is arranged on the top plate, and the sand inlet is inclined toward the upwind direction.

[0020] Furthermore, a plurality of baffles are arranged on the top plate, and a sand inlet is formed between two adjacent baffles. The baffles are obliquely inserted and tilted toward the upwind direction, with a portion inserted below the ground and a portion exposed above the ground. The angle between the baffles and the ground is in the range of 30-60°;

[0021] Furthermore, the sand settling ditch also includes side plates, which are used to prevent the collapse of quicksand on both sides of the sand settling ditch.

[0022] Furthermore, the evaporated water collection device includes a greenhouse film, a greenhouse film supporting mechanism and a water collecting mechanism. The greenhouse film is installed on the greenhouse film supporting mechanism to form a tent-like structure. The water collecting mechanism is arranged under the tent-like structure to collect water captured by the greenhouse film.

[0023] Furthermore, the sand-fixing afforestation covering plate includes a first plate and a second plate. The first plate is provided with a first semicircular groove on the edge, and the second plate is provided with a second semicircular groove and a semicircular tenon on the edge. The semicircular tenon is aligned with the first semicircular groove and is connected by mortise and tenon. The first semicircular groove is also spliced ​​with the second semicircular groove to form a small hole for planting.

[0024] The third aspect of the present invention provides a sand blocking and fog capturing protection method for desert areas, the method is implemented based on the sand blocking and fog capturing protection system for desert areas, and the method comprises:

[0025] One-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barriers are used to capture moisture in the wind, and evaporative water collection devices are used to capture water vapor formed by surface evaporation. The water collected by the one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barriers and the evaporative water collection devices are then transported to the bottom root system of the plants through the infiltration pipes of the planting components. One-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barriers and sand settling ditches are used to block sand and dust moving in the direction of the protected object; sand-fixing afforestation covering boards are used to block sand and dust moving in the direction of the protected object, and plants are planted on the sand-fixing afforestation covering boards to fix the sand and dust.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention include at least:

[0027] First, in the sand blocking and fog catching protection system for desert areas provided by the present invention, the one-way sand blocking and fog catching barrier and the sand settling ditch have the functions of blocking, fixing sand and suppressing wind, and can protect the evaporation water collection device in the downwind direction from the harm of wind and sand.

[0028] Second, in a one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier provided by the present invention, the inner tube can be moved up and down in the outer tube by rotating the vertical bracket lifting mechanism, and then the height and angle of the inclined keel can be adjusted, that is, the height and angle adjustment of the one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier can be achieved, which is suitable for different wind and sand scenes and improves the efficiency of sand-blocking and fog-catching.

[0029] Third, in the one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier provided by the present invention, the one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier can be moved through a slide rail to transform the sand accumulation belt into a sand accumulation surface, establish sand-living vegetation in the gravel Gobi area, create a sandy soil environment, and avoid the one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier itself from being buried.

[0030] Fourth, in a one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier provided by the present invention, the first wire loop is formed by extending and winding a nylon wire in a first direction and covered with a hydrophilic material film, so that the first wire loop has a greater adhesion to water vapor, which is beneficial to the capture of water droplets. The second wire loop is formed by extending and winding a nylon wire in a second direction and covered with a hydrophobic material film, so that the second wire loop has a smaller adhesion to water vapor, which is beneficial to the rolling of water droplets and improves the water collection efficiency. Setting different numbers of wire loops is more conducive to the capture and collection of water vapor and can improve the fog collection efficiency.

[0031] Fifth, in the sand-blocking and fog-catching protection system for desert areas provided by the present invention, the sand settling ditch is semi-closed, which can capture sand particles in all passing wind and sand flows, and pour the sand particles into the semi-closed sand settling ditch, so as to achieve the effect of only letting sand in but not out, and completely fixing the quicksand.

[0032] Sixth, in a sand-blocking and fog-catching protection system for desert areas provided by the present invention, there is a sunshade effect in the semi-enclosed sand-settling ditch, with less evaporation and high humidity, which is conducive to the growth of plants in the ditch, especially some sand-dwelling plants that are resistant to sand burial, like sand burial, and easily form shrub sand piles, such as white thorn, king of kings, and haloxylon ammodendron. The burial of wind-blown sand will promote their growth. Planting sand-dwelling plants in the sand-settling ditch can protect the sand surface at the ground diameter position from burns during the seedling stage, improve the survival rate and promote growth.

[0033] Seventh, in a sand-blocking and fog-catching protection system for desert areas provided by the present invention, the evaporation water collection device utilizes the natural law of little rainfall and high evaporation in desert areas to collect surface evaporated water and automatically irrigate deep sand bodies. Combined with the shading and moisturizing effects of the sand-setting ditch and the sand-fixing afforestation cover board, it can promote vegetation growth in the long term.

[0034] Eighth, in the sand-blocking and fog-catching protection system for desert areas provided by the present invention, the lattice-shaped sand-fixing and afforestation covering plate can fix the quicksand on the one hand, and on the other hand, it can block the wind and shade the plant seedlings in the small holes, seal and moisturize them, and promote the survival and growth of the plants. When the plants grow up, they can be dismantled and transported to other sandy areas that need afforestation, realizing multiple recycling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a sand blocking and fog capturing protection system for desert areas provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the vertical support and the vertical support lifting mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a slide rail provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a sliding mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a three-dimensional network provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sand settling ditch provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an evaporated water collection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a water collecting strip provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a planting assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the splicing structure of the sand fixation and afforestation cover plate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Fig.12 is a schematic structural diagram of a first plate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Fig.13 It is a schematic structural diagram of a second plate material provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Description of reference numerals:

[0049] 1. One-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier; 11. Slide rail; 12. Vertical bracket; 121. Outer tube; 122. Inner tube; 13. Inclined keel; 131. Three-dimensional net; 1311. First wire loop; 1312. Second wire loop; 1313. Locking edge belt; 14. Inclined bracket; 15. Rotating mechanism; 16. Sliding mechanism; 161. Casing connection section; 162. Rotating connection section; 163. First fixing plate; 164. Screw fastener; 17. Vertical bracket lifting mechanism; 171. Gear; 172. Fixing plate; 173. Rocker; 174. Second fixing plate; 18. Galvanized steel pipe connection section; 19. Foundation pile;

[0050] 2. Planting components; 21. Water collection tank; 22. Drainage pipe; 23. Irrigation pipe; 24. Plants;

[0051] 3. Sand settling ditch; 31. Side panel; 32. Top panel; 33. Hinge; 34. Handle;

[0052] 4. Evaporated water collection device; 41. Keel; 42. Support; 43. Shed film; 44. Insert plate; 45. Water collection strip; 46. Funnel;

[0053] 5. Sand fixation afforestation cover board: 51, first board; 511, first semicircular groove; 52, second board; 521, second semicircular groove; 522, semicircular tenon;

[0054] 6. Main wind direction; 7. Sand accumulation belt; 8. Protection object. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the inventor of this case has proposed the technical solution of the present invention after long-term research and extensive practice. The technical solution, its implementation process and principle will be further explained as follows.

[0056] Please refer to Figure 1This embodiment provides a sand blocking and fog capturing protection system in desert areas, comprising a one-way sand blocking and fog capturing barrier 1, a sand settling ditch 3 and an evaporation water collecting device 4 respectively arranged in a first strip-shaped area, a second strip-shaped area and a third strip-shaped area, wherein the first strip-shaped area, the second strip-shaped area and the third strip-shaped area are sequentially arranged in the upwind direction or the surrounding area of ​​the protection object 8 along the main wind direction 6, and the first strip-shaped area, the second strip-shaped area and the third strip-shaped area are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the main wind direction 6. The main wind direction 6 here can be selected as the north wind direction.

[0057] Among them, the spacing between the first strip-shaped area, the second strip-shaped area, the third strip-shaped area and the fourth strip-shaped area are d1, d2, and d3 respectively, the value range of d1 is 10-18m, the value range of d2 is 10-2m, the value range of d3 is 2-5m, d1+d2≤20H, H is the height of the one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier 1.

[0058] In this embodiment, based on the fact that the wind-blocking protection distance on the leeward side of the high vertical sand barrier is generally 20 times the height of the barrier, the height of the one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier 1 is set to H, and d1+d2≤20H, so that the evaporative water collection device 4 can be within the protection range of the one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier 1, so that it is protected from damage by strong winds. In addition, in order to maintain a certain distance between the sand settling ditch 3 and the sand accumulation belt 7 formed behind the one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier 1, and to maintain a shorter irrigation pipeline, the value range of d1 is 10-18m, the value range of d2 is 10-2m, and the value range of d3 is 2-5m. The above spacing settings can ensure that the sand settling ditch is away from the sand accumulation belt 7, and the evaporative water collection device 4 is protected from damage by strong winds. In addition, it ensures that the irrigation pipeline has an appropriate drop, so that the collected water can flow smoothly into the underground infiltration irrigation pipe to supply the needs of vegetation.

[0059] Specifically, the one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier 1 has a sand-blocking function, and forms a sand accumulation belt 7 near its downwind direction. The sand-blocking capacity and sand-blocking amount of the one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier 1 are greater than those of the sand-setting ditch 3. The one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier 1 intercepts a large amount of quicksand, and the small amount of quicksand remaining after passing through the one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier 1 is captured by the sand-setting ditch 3 and fixed in the ditch. Both the one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier 1 and the sand-setting ditch 3 have the functions of blocking sand, fixing sand and suppressing wind, and can protect the evaporation water collection device 4 in the downwind direction from the harm of wind and sand. Therefore, the evaporation water collection device 4 is placed in the downwind direction, close to the protected object 8. In this scheme, the one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier 1 in the upwind direction can capture water vapor in the wind, and the evaporation water collection device 4 in the downwind direction can collect ground evaporation water for plant irrigation. Furthermore, planting plants in the sand-setting ditch 3 can play a good role in shading and moisturizing, thereby improving the survival rate of plants. Generally speaking, the sand-blocking and fog-catching protection system in the desert area can block sand, collect moisture in the airflow, collect surface evaporated water, and automatically collect water for irrigating vegetation. It is suitable for wind and sand protection and ecological construction in arid Gobi and desert areas.

[0060] In this embodiment, the one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier 1 can not only block the sand flow from the periphery from approaching the protected object 8, but also blow the accumulated sand away from the protected object 8 under the action of the reverse wind. Specifically, when encountering a sand flow blowing from the periphery to one side of the protected object 8, the sand flow will be diverted when passing through the one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier 1, and the upper sand-free airflow will accelerate over the barrier body to form a deceleration vortex on the leeward side of the sand barrier; while the lower sand-containing airflow will pass through the lower edge of the barrier body, decelerating due to the loss of the drag effect of the upper airflow, and coupling with the deceleration vortex on the leeward side will cause sand accumulation on the leeward side; when encountering the reverse wind, the accumulated sand on the side of the protected object 8 will be blown away from the lower edge outlet of the one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier 1 under the acceleration of the dive wind force, so that the accumulated sand is away from the protected object 88, protecting it from the hazard of sand burial.

[0061] Please refer to Figure 2 This embodiment also provides a one-way sand blocking and fog catching barrier 1, which includes a support structure and a three-dimensional net 131. The support structure is used to support and adjust the three-dimensional net 131. The three-dimensional net 131 is used to catch fog.

[0062] Specifically, the support structure at least includes a vertical support 12 and an inclined keel 13, and a three-dimensional net 131 is covered on the inclined keel 13. The vertical support 12 and the inclined keel 13 are connected and cooperated with each other to adjust the fog capture angle of the three-dimensional net 131.

[0063] More preferably, the support structure also includes an inclined support 14, a first vertical support and a second vertical support arranged in sequence along the main wind direction 6, the first vertical support and the second vertical support are respectively connected to the inclined keel 13 through a rotating mechanism 15, one end of the inclined support 14 is slidably connected to the inclined keel 13, and the other end is slidably connected to the second vertical support.

[0064] The inclined bracket 14 can be a galvanized square steel with a cross-sectional width of 10 cm and a height of 4 cm. The inclined keel 13 can be a rectangular structure welded from C-shaped square steel. The cross-sectional width of the C-shaped square steel is 10 cm and the height is 4 cm, and the C-shaped opening faces downward. The length of each inclined keel perpendicular to the main wind direction 6 is 2-4 m, and the width along the inclined direction is 2-3 m.

[0065] More preferably, refer to Figure 3 The vertical support 12 has a sleeve structure, including an outer tube 121 and an inner tube 122. The inner tube 122 is sleeved in the outer tube 121. The support structure also includes a vertical support lifting mechanism 17. The inner tube 122 is connected to the vertical support lifting mechanism 17, so that the inner tube 122 performs vertical reciprocating motion in the outer tube 121.

[0066] The outer tube 121 and the inner tube 122 are C-shaped square steels of different thicknesses, and the C-shaped openings of the outer tube 121 and the inner tube 122 are both facing one side. Among them, the size of the inner tube 122 is 2-4 mm smaller than that of the outer tube 121, and is sleeved inside the outer tube 121 to form a sleeve structure. The vertical support lifting mechanism 17 includes a gear 171, a fixing plate 172, a rocker 173, and a second fixing plate 174. In a specific implementation scenario, a convex tooth is pressed on the right side wall of the inner tube 122, which is meshed with the gear 171 of the vertical support lifting mechanism 17 welded and fixed on the outer tube 121. The fixing plate 172 is used to fix the gear 171 and the convex tooth pressed on the right side wall of the inner tube 122 in relative positions for meshing. The second fixing plate 174 is used to fix the fixing plate 172 on the outer tube 121 and the inner tube 122. By rotating the rocker 173 of the vertical support lifting mechanism 17, the inner tube 122 can be moved up and down in the outer tube 121, and then the height and angle of the inclined keel 13 can be adjusted, that is, the height and angle adjustment of the one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier 1 can be achieved.

[0067] In some embodiments, reference Figure 4-Figure 5 The one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier 1 also includes a slide rail 11, and the slide rail 11 has a C-shaped opening structure. The vertical bracket 12 performs horizontal reciprocating motion on the slide rail 11 through a sliding mechanism 16. The sliding mechanism 16 includes a sleeve connecting section 161 and a rotating connecting section 162 perpendicular to the sleeve connecting section 161. The sleeve connecting section 161 is plugged into the rotating connecting section 162, and the rotating connecting section 162 is connected to the slide rail 11.

[0068] In the specific implementation scenario of this embodiment, along the main wind direction 6, the sliding mechanism 16 is used to install the slide rail 11 along the slope surface on the windward slope. The length of the slide rail 11 is substantially equal to the length of the windward slope of the sand dune, and runs through the bottom to the top of the windward slope. The sleeve connecting section 161 is used to connect the vertical bracket 12, and the sleeve connecting section 161 can be rotated in the rotating connecting section 162 to rotate the vertical bracket 12, thereby adjusting the angle of the three-dimensional net 131 of the one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier 1. The sliding mechanism 16 also includes a first fixing plate 163 and a screw fastener 164. The slide rail 11 is a C-shaped square steel with a C-shaped opening facing upward, a cross-sectional width of 10 cm and a height of 4 cm. The first fixing plate 163 is used to fix the slide rail 11 and the sliding mechanism 16. A screw fastener 164 is provided on the sleeve connecting section 161. The screw fastener 164 here can be a bolt, which fixes the vertical bracket 12 to the sleeve connecting section 161. By setting the slide rail 11 and moving the one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier 1, the sand accumulation belt can be transformed into a sand accumulation surface, creating a sandy soil environment for establishing sand-growing vegetation, and also avoiding the one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier 1 itself from being buried.

[0069] Preferably, the one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier 1 further comprises a plurality of foundation piles 19 , which are arranged in a straight line below the ground along the main wind direction 6 , and a galvanized steel pipe connecting section 18 is provided on the top of the ground surface of the foundation piles 19 for connecting with the slide rail 11 .

[0070] Specifically, the foundation pile 19 is a cylindrical cement pile with a diameter of 20 cm, and a galvanized steel pipe connecting section 18 with a diameter of 10 cm is pre-buried on the top of the ground. The buried depth of the foundation pile 19 is 1.5-3m, and the height of the leakage surface is 0.3-1m. The foundation pile 19 here can also be a galvanized steel pipe spiral pile with a diameter of 10cm, with a buried depth of 1.5-3m and a height of 0.3-1m above the ground. In the specific scenario of this implementation scheme, multiple rows of foundation piles 19 can be set. Along the main wind direction 6, each row of foundation piles 19 is arranged in a straight line from the bottom of the windward slope to the top of the slope. The specific number of foundation piles 19 in each row depends on the length of the windward slope of the dune, which is not limited here. In the direction perpendicular to the main wind direction 6, the spacing between each row of foundation piles is 2-4m, and the specific number of rows is determined according to the width of the windward slope of the dune, which is not limited here.

[0071] More preferably, refer to Figure 6 The three-dimensional net 131 includes a plurality of first wire loops 1311 and a plurality of second wire loops 1312, wherein the first wire loops 1311 are formed by nylon wires extending and winding along a first direction, and the second wire loops 1312 are formed by nylon wires extending and winding along a second direction, wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction. The surfaces of the first wire loops 1311 and the second wire loops 1312 are respectively covered with a hydrophilic material film and a hydrophobic material film, and the ratio of the number of the first wire loops 1311 to the number of the second wire loops 1312 is greater than 4. The first wire loops 1311 and the second wire loops 1312 are both spirally extended and wound, and the first wire loops 1311 and the second wire loops 1312 are vertically wound into one in a spirally interwoven shape.

[0072] Preferably, the three-dimensional net 131 is rectangular, and the four sides are fixed on the rectangular inclined keel 13 by wrapping and binding with self-tightening belts. The length perpendicular to the main wind direction 6 is 2-4m, and the width along the main wind direction 6 is 2-3m.

[0073] The three-dimensional net 121 has a porosity of 50-80% and a thickness of 0.5-3 cm, and the diameter of the nylon thread is 0.3-2 mm.

[0074] This embodiment is specifically manifested in that the first wire loop 1311 is formed by extending and winding a nylon wire along a first direction, and the surface of the first wire loop is covered with a hydrophilic material film, which can increase the adhesion of the first wire loop 1311 and facilitate the capture of water droplets. The second wire loop 1312 is formed by extending and winding a nylon wire along a second direction, and the surface of the second wire loop 1312 is covered with a hydrophobic material film, which reduces the adhesion of the second wire loop 1312 and facilitates the rolling off of water droplets.

[0075] It can be understood that the main differences between hydrophilic material membranes and hydrophobic material membranes are as follows: hydrophilic material membranes are easily wetted by water, have a strong affinity with water, and are usually able to absorb water or dissolve in water. On the contrary, hydrophobic material membranes are not easily wetted by water, have a weak affinity with water, and usually water forms water beads on their surface and is not easy to penetrate or adhere.

[0076] In addition, the ratio of the number of the first wire loops 1311 to the number of the second wire loops 1312 is greater than 4, the number of the first wire loops 1311 may account for more than 80%, and the number of the second wire loops 1312 may account for less than 20%. The specific number is not limited to the value proposed in this embodiment and is not limited here. Setting different numbers of wire loops is more conducive to capturing and collecting water vapor and can improve the efficiency of fog capture.

[0077] In order to target areas with high fog in high-cold deserts, a simultaneous comparison experiment on the fog capture efficiency of ordinary three-dimensional nets, three-dimensional net 131 in one-way sand-blocking fog-catching barriers, and cross-warp knitted nylon nets was conducted at the Taratan Photovoltaic Base in Gonghe County, Qinghai Province. The results show that within three days under foggy weather conditions in winter, when 4 square meters of new three-dimensional nets are arranged vertically, the average daily fog capture can reach 2.7 liters. The three-dimensional net 131 in the one-way sand-blocking fog-catching barrier can increase the fog capture efficiency by about 43% compared with ordinary three-dimensional nets, and by about 72% compared with cross-warp knitted nylon nets. It can be obtained that compared with general three-dimensional nets or cross-warp knitted nylon nets, this embodiment is more conducive to the capture and collection of water vapor by setting different numbers of wire loops and coating treatment, and can improve the fog capture efficiency.

[0078] In some embodiments, reference Figure 7 The sand settling ditch 3 is covered with a top plate 32, and a sand inlet is arranged on the top plate 32, and the sand inlet is inclined toward the upwind direction.

[0079] The cross section of the sand settling ditch 3 is a trapezoidal structure, including side panels 31 and a top panel 32. The side panels 31 are used to block the quicksand on both sides of the sand settling ditch 3 to prevent the sand settling ditch 3 from collapsing. A plurality of baffles are arranged on the top panel 32, and a sand inlet is formed between two adjacent baffles. The baffles are obliquely inserted and tilted toward the upwind direction so that the sand inlet faces the upwind direction. The angle between the baffle and the ground ranges from 30 to 60 degrees, and the optimal angle is 45 degrees.

[0080] Preferably, a part of the baffle is arranged below the ground, which can effectively prevent the sand and dust inside the sand settling ditch 3 from being carried out of the sand settling ditch 3 by the vortex. It can be understood that the wind blowing from the right side of the baffle enters the sand settling ditch 3, forming a clockwise rotating vortex, and rolling up the quicksand at the bottom of the sand settling ditch 3 and rotating it in a clockwise direction. When the sand hits the baffle below the ground, it will be rebounded to the bottom of the sand settling ditch 3, thereby preventing the secondary release of sand and dust, and achieving the purpose of only approaching but not exiting.

[0081] In some embodiments, the side panels 31 and the top panel 32 are made of plant fiber foamed cement material in one piece. The thickness of the side panels 31 and the top panel 32 is 5-10cm, and the width is 2-4m. The baffle thickness of the top panel 31 is 3-5cm, and the width of the sand inlet is 5-20cm. The side panels 31 and the top panel 32 are connected by hinges 33. A handle 34 is provided on the top panel 32, which makes it more convenient and easy to operate for the top panel 32 to rotate and reciprocate based on the side panels 31. In the specific setting process, it is first necessary to open a trapezoidal ditch, and then the side panels 31 are laid on the two side walls of the trapezoidal ditch, and the top panel 32 is laid on the top of the trapezoidal ditch. The top surface length of the trapezoidal ditch is 2-4m, the bottom surface length is 1-3m, and the depth is 1-3m.

[0082] The sand settling ditch 3 is semi-enclosed, and a plurality of baffles and sand inlets are arranged on its top plate 32, which can capture most of the sand in the passing wind and sand flow, and allow the sand to be poured into the semi-enclosed sand settling ditch, so as to achieve the effect of only entering but not exiting, and completely fixing the quicksand. The semi-enclosed sand settling ditch has a sunshade effect, with less evaporation and high humidity, which is conducive to the growth of plants in the ditch, especially some sand-dwelling plants that are resistant to sand burial, like sand burial, and are easy to form shrub sand piles, such as white thorn and Haloxylon ammodendron, etc., and the burial of wind-blown sand will promote their growth. Therefore, planting sand-dwelling plants in the sand settling ditch 3 can protect the sand surface at the ground diameter position from burns during the seedling stage, improve the survival rate and promote growth.

[0083] The sand settling ditch 3 is made of plant fiber foamed cement material. Plant fiber foamed cement material has low density, light material, and can float on the water surface. Due to the addition of plant fiber, its strength is also greatly improved, and it has the advantages of economy, environmental protection, low cost, and easy construction.

[0084] In some embodiments, reference Figure 8-Figure 9 The evaporated water collecting device 4 includes a greenhouse film 43, a greenhouse film supporting mechanism and a water collecting mechanism. The greenhouse film 43 is installed on the greenhouse film supporting mechanism and forms a tent-like structure. The water collecting mechanism is arranged under the tent-like structure to collect water captured by the greenhouse film 43.

[0085] Preferably, the greenhouse film support mechanism includes a plurality of keels 41, pillars 42 and plugs 44. The pillars 42 are fixed to the ground in the vertical direction, one end of the keel 41 is fixed to the pillar 42, and the other end is inserted into the ground. A greenhouse film 43 is laid on the keel 41 to form a tent-like structure for collecting water.

[0086] Specifically, the keel 41 can be a steel wire or steel pipe with an arc. In a specific implementation scenario, four keels 41 can be selected, and four plug plates 44 can be selected. The four keels 41 can be steel wires or steel pipes with an arc, and the greenhouse film 43 is glued and fixed to the outside of the keel 41, and glued and fixed to the four plug plates 44 at the bottom of the greenhouse film 43. The plug plates 44 are inserted into the ground, which can fix the bottom of the greenhouse film 43 and seal the greenhouse film 43. The pillar 42 can be set to 1-3m, that is, the height of the tent-like structure is 1-3 meters. The four keels 41 are inserted into the ground and are rectangular on the ground with a side length of 1-3m.

[0087] The water collection mechanism includes a water collection strip 45, and the water collection strip 45 can be a plastic sheet with a fishhook-shaped cross section. Specifically, the water collection strip 45 is arranged in a circle near the ground of the greenhouse film 43, and the cross section of the water collection strip 45 is in the shape of a fishhook. A funnel 46 is arranged at the junction of the two ends of the water collection strip 45. The surface evaporated water collected by the evaporated water collection device 4 is transported from the funnel 46 of the evaporated water collection device 4 to the infiltration irrigation pipe 23 in the sand settling ditch 3 to supply vegetation growth. Precipitation is scarce in desert areas, but the surface evaporation is huge. The evaporated water collection device 4 can utilize temperature difference changes to efficiently collect surface evaporated water, and is often used in sand vegetation construction. It has the function of automatically collecting evaporated water over a large area, has high collection efficiency, and realizes fully automatic evaporated water collection and irrigation.

[0088] In some embodiments, reference Fig.10 The sand blocking and fog capturing protection system further includes a planting component 2. The planting component 2 includes a water collecting tank 21, a drainage pipe 22, and an infiltration irrigation pipe 23. It should be noted that the planting component 2 can be divided into two areas, the first area is set in the peripheral area of ​​the one-way sand blocking and fog capturing barrier 1, and the second area is set in the sand settling ditch 3.

[0089] The one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier 1 is connected to the drainage pipe 22, and the water captured by the one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier 1 is transmitted to the planting assembly 2 in the first area. The water collected from the airflow by the three-dimensional net 131 drips into the water collection tank 21. The water in the water collection tank 21 is transported to the infiltration irrigation pipe 23 through the drainage pipe 22. The infiltration irrigation pipe 23 is transported to the plant root system to provide the water required for vegetation growth.

[0090] The evaporation water collection device 4 is connected to the drainage pipe 22, that is, the funnel 46 is connected to the drainage pipe 22, and the water collected by the evaporation water collection device 4 is transmitted to the planting assembly 2 in the second area. The infiltration pipe 23 is connected to the drainage pipe 22 to infiltrate water to the bottom root system of the plant.

[0091] The sand blocking and fog capturing protection system needs to be arranged in a certain order. The inclined surface of the one-way sand blocking and fog capturing barrier 1 points to the upwind direction. The barrier body is arranged in parallel in multiple paths perpendicular to the main wind direction to collect water vapor in the airflow and supply water to plants around the sand accumulation belt. The evaporated water collection device 4 collects surface evaporated water and supplies water to plants in the sand settling ditch 3. In arid Gobi and desert areas, wind and sand protection can be achieved by relying on natural forces and a long-term sustainable vegetation system can be established.

[0092] Please refer to Figure 11-13 In some embodiments, the evaporation water collection device 4 is also connected to the sand-fixing afforestation cover plate 5, and the water collected by the evaporation water collection device 4 is transmitted to the sand-fixing afforestation cover plate 5 through the infiltration pipe 23, and infiltrated to the root system of the bottom layer of the plant. The sand-fixing afforestation cover plate 5 includes a first plate 51 and a second plate 52, and the first plate 51 and the second plate 52 are connected by mortise and tenon joints. The edge of the first plate 51 is provided with a first semicircular groove 511, and the edge of the second plate 52 is provided with a second semicircular groove 521 and a semicircular tenon 522, and the semicircular tenon 522 is arranged in the middle position of the edge. The semicircular tenon 522 of the second plate 52 is aligned with the first semicircular groove 511 of the first plate 51, so that the edges of the two plates overlap, and the mortise and tenon joints of the two plates are completed to form the sand-fixing afforestation cover plate 5. In addition, the other first semicircular groove 511 is also spliced ​​with the two semicircular notches of the second semicircular groove 521 to form a circular or elliptical hole for cutting branches, sowing or planting seedlings.

[0093] Specifically, the first semicircular groove 511 and the second semicircular groove 521 here can also be semi-elliptical grooves, which are not limited here. The semicircular tenon 522 here can also be a semi-elliptical tenon. The semicircular tenon 522 is a protruding tenon. The two semicircular notches of the first semicircular groove 511 and the second semicircular groove 521 are spliced ​​with each other to form a circular hole. It is necessary to plant branches in the circular hole to form a sand-fixing grid, and it is also necessary to sow or plant seedlings in the circular hole to form a living plant sand-fixing grid.

[0094] In the specific implementation scenario, first, a mold can be used to mix foamed cement with grass fiber materials and cast to obtain a first plate 51 and a second plate 52. The first plate 51 and the second plate 52 can be spliced ​​into sand-fixing afforestation covering plates 5 of different shapes and sizes by mortise and tenon joints to meet the sand-fixing afforestation needs of different plots and terrains, and are suitable for surface or strip afforestation and wind and sand protection in sandy areas, such as railways, highways, photovoltaic array areas and peripheries. Then, the sand surface is leveled, and the sand-fixing afforestation covering plates 5 are spliced ​​and laid on the sand surface. Then, shrub seeds are sprinkled into the small holes on the surface of the sand-fixing afforestation covering plate 5, or shrub seedlings are artificially planted in the small holes using a seedling planter, and local plant stem materials such as poplar branches with leaves and cotton stalks that are easily accessible are inserted into the small holes to form an upright square-shaped sand-fixing structure. On the one hand, the square-shaped sand-fixing structure can fix the quicksand, and on the other hand, it can block the wind and shade the plant seedlings, promoting the survival and growth of plants. Finally, artificial watering or rainfall is carried out in and around the small holes. Water flows into the small holes, which can increase the humidity of the local sand layer and keep it moist for a long time, promoting the survival of seedlings and seed germination. When the plants grow up, they can be dismantled and transported to other sandy areas that need afforestation, realizing multiple recycling.

[0095] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first plate 51 and the second plate 52 is 2-5 cm.

[0096] In some embodiments, the small apertures of the first semicircular groove 511 and the second semicircular groove 521 are 2-5 cm.

[0097] In some embodiments, the first plate 51 and the second plate 52 are square with a side length of 0.5-1.5 m. The first plate 51 and the second plate 52 can also be rectangular with a length and width of 0.5-1.5 m.

[0098] In this solution, on the one hand, the first plate 51 and the second plate 52 provided with small holes are spliced ​​into a large plate by mortise and tenon joints, which has a good sealing and moisturizing effect on the sand surface, and can also provide long-term moisture guarantee for the growth of seedlings and improve the survival rate. On the other hand, the sand-fixing afforestation cover plate 5 is set in a splicing manner. When the plants grow up and the roots penetrate deep into the sand layer, they can be dismantled and transported to other sandy areas that need afforestation, so as to achieve multiple recycling. In addition, the lightweight foamed cement board with grass fiber added is laid in a splicing manner, which is convenient for transportation and construction.

[0099] In some embodiments, a sand-fixing afforestation covering film can also be used. The sand-fixing afforestation covering film has a long strip shape, a width of 2-10m, and a length of 50-200m. The sand-fixing afforestation covering film is provided with small holes arranged in a square, the side length of the square is 0.5-1.5m, the hole spacing is 5-30cm, and the hole diameter is 2-4cm. The sand-fixing afforestation covering film here can also achieve similar functions to the above-mentioned sand-fixing afforestation covering board 5. The edges of the sand-fixing afforestation covering film and the small holes are treated with thick plastic edging to increase the edge strength and tear resistance, so as to reduce the breakage rate during laying.

[0100] Specifically, the sand-fixing afforestation film is laid on the sand surface, and the four edges of the sand-fixing afforestation film are compacted deep in the sand layer to fix the edges. Then, drought-tolerant shrub seeds or shrub seedlings are sown in the small holes of the sand-fixing afforestation film, and leafy branches of easily accessible local plants such as poplar branches and cotton stalks are inserted in the holes to form an upright square sand-fixing structure. On the one hand, it can fix the quicksand, and on the other hand, it can block the wind and shade the plant seedlings, promoting the survival and growth of the plants. Finally, water is poured in and around the small holes to increase the humidity of the local sand layer, promote the survival of seedlings and seed germination.

[0101] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a sand blocking and fog capturing protection method for desert areas, the method is implemented based on the aforementioned sand blocking and fog capturing protection system for desert areas, and the method comprises:

[0102] The one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barriers are used to capture water vapor in the wind, and the evaporative water collection device is used to capture water vapor formed by the evaporation of surface water. The water collected by the one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barriers and the evaporative water collection device is then transported to the bottom root system of the plants through the infiltration irrigation pipes of the planting components; the one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barriers and sand settling ditches are used to block the sand and dust that moves with the wind direction to the protected objects.

[0103] Specifically, along the main wind direction, from upwind to downwind, in the order of one-way sand blocking and fog catching barriers, sand settling ditches, evaporative water collection devices, and sand fixation afforestation covers, they are arranged perpendicular to the main wind direction and in parallel in multiple strips in the upwind direction or surrounding areas of the protected object. The fog water collected by the one-way sand blocking and fog catching barriers is irrigated to the vegetation on the sand accumulation belt through infiltration irrigation pipes; the surface evaporative water collected by the evaporative water collection device is irrigated to the vegetation in the sand settling ditches and sand fixation afforestation covers through infiltration irrigation pipes to form a vegetation belt, which has the effect of long-term sand fixation and ecological restoration. The vegetation in the sand settling ditches and the sand fixation afforestation cover area is well sealed and moisturized, and the water demand is relatively small. Multiple evaporative water collection devices arranged in rows can automatically irrigate multiple rows of vegetation in the sand settling ditches and sand fixation afforestation covers.

[0104] In summary, based on field observations, the sand blocking and fog capturing protection system for desert areas provided in this embodiment is suitable for deployment in desert edges, wide valleys, and surrounding desert areas with lakes, rivers, and reservoirs, which tend to have more fog than general desert areas. It can also be deployed on both sides of traffic routes with more fog and outside photovoltaic bases to prevent wind and sand, collect water for construction, collect drinking water, and improve the ecological environment.

[0105] It should be understood that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable people familiar with the technology to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and they cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier, characterized in that: The one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier comprises a support structure and a three-dimensional net. The support structure at least includes an inclined keel, a vertical support, and a vertical support lifting mechanism. The inclined keel is covered with a three-dimensional net. The inclination angle between the inclined keel and the ground ranges from 55° to 65°. The vertical support lifting mechanism acts on the vertical support to make the vertical support reciprocate, which is used to adjust the fog capture angle of the three-dimensional net.

2. The one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The vertical support has a sleeve structure, including an outer tube and an inner tube. The inner tube is sleeved in the outer tube. The inner tube is connected to the vertical support lifting mechanism, so that the inner tube performs vertical reciprocating motion in the outer tube.

3. The one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The three-dimensional net includes a plurality of first wire loops and a plurality of second wire loops, the first wire loops are formed by nylon wires extending and winding along a first direction, the second wire loops are formed by nylon wires extending and winding along a second direction, the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction, the surfaces of the first wire loops and the second wire loops are respectively covered with a hydrophilic material film and a hydrophobic material film, and the ratio of the number of the first wire loops to the number of the second wire loops is greater than 4.

4. The one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The length of the three-dimensional net perpendicular to the main wind direction is 2-4m, and the width along the main wind direction is 2-3m. And / or, the three-dimensional net has a porosity of 50-80% and a thickness of 0.5-3 cm; And / or, the diameter of the nylon thread is 0.3-2 mm.

5. The one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier also includes a slide rail, which has a C-shaped opening structure. The vertical bracket performs horizontal reciprocating motion on the slide rail through a sliding mechanism. The sliding mechanism includes a sleeve connecting section and a rotating connecting section perpendicular to the sleeve connecting section. The sleeve connecting section is plugged into the rotating connecting section, and the rotating connecting section is connected to the slide rail.

6. The one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier further comprises a plurality of foundation piles, which are arranged in a straight line below the ground surface along the main wind direction, and a fixed connection section is arranged on the top of the ground surface of the foundation piles for connecting with the slide rail.

7. A sand blocking and fog capturing protection system for desert areas, characterized in that: It includes the one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier, sand-settling ditch, evaporation water collection device and sand-fixing and afforestation cover plate as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, which are respectively arranged in the first strip-shaped area, the second strip-shaped area, the third strip-shaped area and the fourth strip-shaped area, wherein the first strip-shaped area, the second strip-shaped area, the third strip-shaped area and the fourth strip-shaped area are sequentially arranged in the upwind direction or the surrounding area of ​​the protection object along the main wind direction, and the first strip-shaped area, the second strip-shaped area, the third strip-shaped area and the fourth strip-shaped area are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the main wind direction; Among them, the spacing between the first strip-shaped area, the second strip-shaped area, the third strip-shaped area and the fourth strip-shaped area are d1, d2, and d3 respectively, the value range of d1 is 10-18m, the value range of d2 is 10-2m, the value range of d3 is 2-5m, d1+d2≤20H, and H is the height of the one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barrier.

8. The sand blocking and fog capturing protection system for desert areas according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The sand settling ditch is covered with a top plate, and a sand inlet is arranged on the top plate, and the sand inlet is inclined toward the upwind direction.

9. The sand blocking and fog capturing protection system for desert areas according to claim 8, characterized in that: A plurality of baffles are arranged on the top plate, and a sand inlet is formed between two adjacent baffles. The baffles are obliquely inserted and tilted toward the upwind direction, with one part inserted below the ground and one part exposed above the ground. The angle between the baffles and the ground is in the range of 30-60°; And / or, the sand settling ditch further includes side plates, and the side plates are used to block the quicksand on both sides of the sand settling ditch.

10. The sand blocking and fog capturing protection system for desert areas according to claim 7, characterized in that: The evaporated water collection device comprises a greenhouse film, a greenhouse film supporting mechanism and a water collecting mechanism. The greenhouse film is installed on the greenhouse film supporting mechanism to form a tent-like structure. The water collecting mechanism is arranged under the tent-like structure to collect water captured by the greenhouse film.

11. The sand blocking and fog capturing protection system for desert areas according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sand-fixing afforestation covering plate includes a first plate and a second plate. The first plate is provided with a first semicircular groove on the edge, and the second plate is provided with a second semicircular groove and a semicircular tenon on the edge. The semicircular tenon is aligned with the first semicircular groove and is mortise and tenon connected. The first semicircular groove is also spliced ​​with the second semicircular groove to form a small hole for planting.

12. A sand blocking and fog capturing protection method in desert areas, characterized in that: The method is implemented based on the sand blocking and fog capturing protection system for desert areas according to any one of claims 7 to 11, and the method comprises: One-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barriers are used to capture moisture in the wind, and evaporative water collection devices are used to capture water vapor formed by surface evaporation. The water collected by the one-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barriers and the evaporative water collection devices are then transported to the bottom root system of the plants through the infiltration pipes of the planting components. One-way sand-blocking and fog-catching barriers and sand settling ditches are used to block sand and dust moving in the direction of the protected object; sand-fixing afforestation covering boards are used to block sand and dust moving in the direction of the protected object, and plants are planted on the sand-fixing afforestation covering boards to fix the sand and dust.

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