Method and device for protecting open grotto temple stone carving against rain

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a device for protecting an open grotto temple stone carving against rain, and belongs to the field of cultural relic protection, the device comprises an air compressor, a main air pipe, a branch air pipe, a rotary nozzle, an electric control air valve, a raindrop measuring device and a control device, the main air pipe is mounted above an existing grotto eave or stone carving rock mass, and the branch air pipe is mounted on the main air pipe; the main air pipe is provided with a plurality of branch air pipes which are arranged at intervals and rush to the front of the stone carving, the heads of the branch air pipes are provided with rotary nozzles, the main air pipe is connected to an air compressor, the main air pipe is provided with an electric control air valve, and the air compressor, the electric control air valve, the rotary nozzles and the raindrop measuring device are all electrically connected with a control device. The rotating nozzle adjusts the angle according to the raindrop inclination angle and the raindrop amount monitored by the raindrop measuring device to form air curtain cave eaves in different directions and at different angles, and the air compressor monitors and adjusts the gas production rate of compressed gas according to the raindrop measuring device to form high-jet-flow gas injection. Air curtains with different angles and strengths are formed on the front side of the stone carving to prevent rain from falling on the surface of the stone carving.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of cultural relics protection, and in particular relates to a method and a device for protecting stone carvings in open-air grotto temples from drifting rain. Background Art

[0002] my country's grotto temples are widely distributed, large in scale, and complete in system, with profound historical and cultural connotations. Most of the grotto temples are carved on cliffs near mountains and rivers. In order to protect the stone carvings from the direct harm of rain, the ancients designed and built the cave eaves to protect them. The cave eaves are a typical example of the sinicization of grotto temples and are unique in my country's cultural heritage. However, due to the influence of local climate and environment (wind speed, wind direction, etc.), some rainwater will directly fall on the surface of the stone carvings of the grotto temples during the rainy day, dissolving the cement and other soluble components in the stone carvings. In addition, the acid rain formed by the acidic substances in the air carried by the rainwater is more corrosive to the surface of the stone carvings, thereby accelerating the weathering of the surface layer of the stone carvings. The surface of the stone carvings is also prone to salt corrosion, breeding harmful organisms, etc. In the long history, the cave eaves have been damaged to varying degrees due to the changes in the natural environment and human destruction. Its ability to protect the stone carvings has been reduced, and its ability to prevent drifting rain has been reduced. At present, the only protection method for the surface of grotto temple stone carvings to prevent rain at home and abroad is to build cave eaves (wooden structure cave eaves, stone structure cave eaves). This will not only change the overall style and cultural relics of the grotto temple stone carvings, but also cannot completely block the rain that directly hits the stone carvings during rainfall.

[0003] Chinese patent CN 104675135 A discloses a method for repairing the stone eaves of a grotto temple, comprising the following steps: cleaning the damaged eaves of the grotto temple; grouting and curing the cracks in the damaged eaves; inserting carbon fiber anchor rods into the damaged eaves; inserting stainless steel anchor rods into the damaged eaves; using stainless steel wire to lay a net on the reserved parts outside multiple stainless steel anchor rods to form an inner net; casting and curing the inner net area; laying a net on the stainless steel anchor rods outside the inner net with stainless steel wire to form an outer net; filling the outer net area with antique mortar and curing; waterproofing the surface of the outer net area after curing to complete the repair of the stone eaves of the grotto temple. The implementation of this invention will have an adverse effect on the stone carvings of the grotto temple, and repairing the eaves cannot completely prevent the impact of rain.

[0004] Chinese patent CN 118007987 A provides a method and system for repairing collapsed cave eaves based on 3D printing. The method uses an articulated arm laser scanning device to scan the cave rock mass, damaged section interface and cave cultural relics, and generates a 3D spatial feature point cloud of the cave microenvironment and a 3D model of the damaged section interface point cloud. The 3D model of the damaged section interface point cloud is matched with the cave eaves repair material through model material simulation. Through 3D modeling and cave microenvironment field simulation and verification, the model accuracy is adjusted iteratively to obtain a 3D hollow type of the cave eaves repair component with target accuracy. According to the 3D hollow model of the cave eaves repair component with target accuracy, the cave eaves repair component is 3D printed, sprayed and post-processed and colored to obtain a 3D printed and colored part of the cave eaves repair component. According to the digitalized precise spatial feature data of the 3D cultural relics, the cave eaves repair component 3D printed and colored parts are repaired and installed, and the microenvironment in the cave is regulated and the cave statue cultural relics are protected. The durability and corrosion resistance of the cave eaves repair material described in the invention are inferior to those of rocks, and the cave eaves repair method described is insufficient in its ability to prevent and control drifting rain. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a method and device for protecting open-air grotto temple stone carvings from drifting rain, which overcomes the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art without adversely affecting the grotto temple stone carvings themselves and under the principle of minimum intervention in the storage environment of the grotto temple stone carvings. The method and device are suitable for preventing atmospheric rainfall from drifting rain under different grotto temple storage environments.

[0006] The present invention is achieved in this way: a method for protecting stone carvings in open-air grotto temples from drifting rain, which uses air curtains with different angles and strengths formed on the front side of the stone carvings to prevent the drifting rain from falling on the surface of the stone carvings.

[0007] The device for protecting the stone carvings of open-air grotto temples from drifting rain using the above method comprises an air compressor, a main air duct, a branch air duct, a rotating nozzle, an electrically controlled air valve, a raindrop measuring device and a control device. The main air duct is installed above the existing cave eaves or the rock mass of the stone carvings. The main air duct is provided with a plurality of branch air ducts arranged alternately and directed toward the front of the stone carvings. The head of the branch air duct is provided with a rotating nozzle. The main air duct is connected to the air compressor. The main air duct is provided with an electrically controlled air valve for controlling the air volume. The air compressor, the electrically controlled air valve, the rotating nozzle and the raindrop measuring device are all electrically connected to the control device. The rotating nozzle adjusts the angle according to the inclination angle of raindrops and the amount of raindrops monitored by the raindrop measuring device to form an air curtain cave eaves in different directions and at different angles. The air compressor adjusts the compressed gas production according to the inclination angle of raindrops and the amount of raindrops monitored by the raindrop measuring device to form a high jet gas injection.

[0008] The raindrop measuring device monitors the falling raindrops at an inclination angle of 0-80° and a maximum diameter of 0-8 mm.

[0009] The opening degree of the electric-controlled gas valve is divided into three levels, namely 40%, 70% and 100%.

[0010] The rotating nozzle adopts a 360-degree rotating nozzle.

[0011] The advantages and technical effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention proposes an open-air cave protection method and device with reasonable design, simple structure and strong applicability, which can generate air curtains of different angles and strengths, and is suitable for preventing rain from falling in cave temples in different areas, and will not change the overall appearance of the stone carvings in the cave temples. It has broad application prospects, and not only helps to solve the urgent needs of cave protection in my country, but also provides useful experience for the design of cave rain and drainage protection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the device for protecting the stone carvings of open-air grotto temples from drifting rain according to the present invention;

[0013] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a rotating nozzle arranged on the eaves of a grotto according to the present invention;

[0014] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a rotating nozzle arranged on a rock mass above a cave according to the present invention;

[0015] Figure 4 It is a diagram showing the use status of the device for protecting the stone carvings of an open-air grotto temple from rain. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0017] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0018] In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features.

[0019] Thus, features defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0020] In the description of the invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0021] The electrical devices, controllers, etc. described in the present invention are all conventionally configured, and the electrical connection method is also conventionally connected.

[0022] The method for protecting the stone carvings of an open-air grotto temple from drifting rain adopts air curtains with different angles and strengths formed on the front side of the stone carvings to prevent the drifting rain from falling on the surface of the stone carvings.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, the device for protecting the stone carvings of open-air grotto temples from drifting rain comprises an air compressor 1, a main air duct 2, a branch air duct 3, a rotating nozzle 4, an electric-controlled air valve 5, a raindrop measuring device 6 and a control device 7. The main air duct 2 is installed above the existing cave eaves or the rock mass of the stone carvings. The main air duct is provided with a plurality of branch air ducts 3 arranged alternately and directed toward the front of the stone carvings. The head of the branch air duct 3 is provided with a rotating nozzle 4. The main air duct 2 is connected to the air compressor 1. The main air duct 2 is provided with an electric-controlled air valve 5 for controlling the air volume. The air compressor 1, the electric-controlled air valve 5, the rotating nozzle 4 and the raindrop measuring device 6 are all electrically connected to the control device 7. The rotating nozzle 4 adjusts the angle according to the inclination angle of raindrops and the amount of raindrops monitored by the raindrop measuring device 6 to form an air curtain cave eaves in different directions and at different angles. The air compressor adjusts the compressed gas production according to the inclination angle of raindrops and the amount of raindrops monitored by the raindrop measuring device to form a high jet gas injection.

[0024] The raindrop measuring device 6 monitors the raindrop falling inclination angle of 0-80° and the maximum diameter of the raindrop is 0-8mm.

[0025] Preferably, the opening degree of the electric-controlled gas valve 5 is divided into three levels, namely 40%, 70% and 100%.

[0026] Preferably, the rotating nozzle 4 is a 360-degree rotating nozzle.

[0027] The device of the present invention is installed above the top of the stone cliff of the grotto temple. When it rains, the compressed gas generated by the device is transported to the rotating nozzle through the main and secondary air ducts to form a high-speed airflow belt. Multiple branch air ducts are laid on the top of the cliff, and then multiple high-speed airflow belts are jointly formed into an air curtain to achieve the effect of preventing drifting rain. The raindrop falling angle and raindrop amount change characteristics of the grotto temple area are monitored by a raindrop measuring device, and the data is transmitted to the control device to control the rotating nozzle spray angle and adjust the opening degree of the electric control valve to change the spray gas intensity.

[0028] In this embodiment, the rotating nozzle adopts the German PCC54-p bearing rotating nozzle.

[0029] The invention uses an air compressor to provide required compressed gas, a raindrop measuring device to monitor the change of the meteorological environment of the grotto temple and provide raindrop inclination angle and raindrop amount data, and an air curtain generating system to realize high jet gas injection.

[0030] The air compressor has an air output of 120L / min, a gas storage tank volume of 50L, and an overall size of 700mm×425mm×690mm. This system provides the required compressed gas for the air curtain generating system; the raindrop measuring device monitors the falling inclination angle of raindrops at 0-80°; the raindrop measuring device monitors the maximum diameter of raindrops at 0-8mm, and then obtains the raindrop amount value; the gas intensity in the air curtain generating system is controlled by an electrically controlled air valve, and the opening degree of the electrically controlled air valve is divided into three levels, namely 40%, 70%, and 100%, according to the raindrop inclination angle and raindrop amount under different rainfall intensities.

[0031] In this embodiment, a single main air duct can be connected to 16 branch air ducts. The diameter of the main air duct is 8 cm, and the diameter of the branch air duct is 2 cm. The diameter of the rotating nozzle is 1 cm and can rotate 360 ​​degrees. The combination realizes that the rotating nozzle sprays compressed gas at any angle.

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, the branch air duct connected to the rotating nozzle is laid and installed on the existing cave eaves 8. Figure 3 As shown, the branch air duct connected to the rotating nozzle is laid and installed above the stone carving rock mass 9. According to the movement state and size of raindrops under different meteorological conditions, air curtain cave eaves in different directions and angles are formed.

[0033] like Figure 4 As shown, when it rains, the raindrop measuring device monitors the raindrop falling angle and the raindrop amount data and transmits them to the control device. The control device issues a command, and the air compressor starts to provide compressed gas for the air curtain generating system. The control device adjusts the opening degree of the electric-controlled air valve and the airflow injection angle of the rotating nozzle according to the received meteorological environment data.

[0034] The present invention installs one or more sets of devices to protect the grotto temple stone carvings from drifting rain according to the size of the grotto temple stone carvings and the regional topographic and geomorphic environmental characteristics. The branch air ducts installed on the top of the cliff are laid and installed in a sparse and dense manner according to the size and area of ​​the stone carvings and the meteorological environmental data of the grotto temple area in previous years.

[0035] The present invention is installed above the stone carvings of the grotto temple. The equipment is small in size and concealed in installation, and has no adverse effect on the cultural relics and their environment. The main air duct and the branch air duct are laid on the surface of the cliff. The jet air curtain 10 is parabolic, which protects the statues 11 from the harm of drifting rain.

[0036] The present invention protects the grotto temple from the harm of drifting rain under the premise of ensuring that the overall appearance of the cultural relics is not changed. The present invention adopts a raindrop measuring device to measure the meteorological data of the grotto temple (raindrop falling angle, raindrop amount), and the control device commands the rotating device of the rotating nozzle to rotate according to the raindrop falling angle to realize the spraying of the air curtain at any angle, and adjusts the opening degree of the electric control air valve according to the raindrop amount to change the spraying gas intensity.

[0037] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for protecting open-air grotto temple stone carvings from rain, characterized in that: Air curtains of different angles and intensities are formed in front of the stone carvings to prevent rain from falling on the surface of the stone carvings.

2. A device for protecting open-air cave temple stone carvings from rain using the method of claim 1, characterized in that: The invention comprises an air compressor (1), a main air duct (2), a branch air duct (3), a rotating nozzle (4), an electric-controlled air valve (5), a raindrop measuring device (6) and a control device (7). The main air duct (2) is installed above an existing cave eaves or a rock mass of a stone carving. The main air duct is provided with a plurality of branch air ducts (3) arranged alternately and directed toward the front of the stone carving. The head of the branch air duct (3) is provided with a rotating nozzle (4). The main air duct (2) is connected to the air compressor (1). The main air duct (2) is provided with an electric-controlled air valve (5) for controlling the air volume. The air compressor (1), the electric-controlled air valve (5), the rotating nozzle (4) and the raindrop measuring device (6) are all electrically connected to the control device (7). The rotating nozzle (4) adjusts its angle according to the raindrop inclination angle and the amount of raindrops monitored by the raindrop measuring device (6) to form an air curtain cave eaves in different directions and at different angles. The air compressor adjusts the compressed gas production according to the raindrop inclination angle and the amount of raindrops monitored by the raindrop measuring device to form a high-jet gas injection.

3. The device for protecting the stone carvings of open-air grotto temples from rain according to claim 2, characterized in that: The raindrop measuring device (6) monitors the falling raindrops at an inclination angle of 0-80° and a maximum diameter of 0-8 mm.

4. The device for protecting the stone carvings of open-air grotto temples from rain according to claim 2, characterized in that: The opening degree of the electric-controlled gas valve (5) is divided into three levels, namely 40%, 70% and 100%.

5. The device for protecting the stone carvings of open-air grotto temples from rain according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating nozzle (4) is a 360-degree rotating nozzle.

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