Efficient vaneless turbine with diverter valve
The introduction of a guide valve in the rotor disc of a bladeless turbine improves energy conversion efficiency by promoting fluid rotation and reducing friction resistance, addressing the inefficiencies of existing bladeless turbines.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411157829.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-22
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-03
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
Existing bladeless turbines suffer from low energy conversion efficiency due to issues such as inlet pressure loss, power loss on bearings, viscosity loss of fluid, sensitivity to friction, and material strength of the rotor disc, limiting their promotion and use compared to traditional bladed turbines.
A high-efficiency bladeless turbine equipped with a guide valve, featuring a cylindrical turbine housing, air inlets, a rotor disc with rigid disks, and a guide valve that includes a conical arc geometric body to enhance mechanical energy conversion by promoting fluid rotation and reducing friction resistance.
The guide valve enhances the mechanical energy conversion efficiency of the bladeless turbine by increasing the work done by the fluid, improving the overall efficiency and maintaining rotor disc balance during rotation.
Smart Images
Figure CN119244537A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of turbines, and in particular relates to a high-efficiency bladeless turbine with a guide valve. Background Art
[0002] A bladeless turbine is a turbine that relies on the boundary layer effect. It is driven by the shear force of the fluid. The viscous stress of the fluid itself will form a boundary layer at the edge of the disk. The fluid drives the rotation of the rotor through this boundary layer.
[0003] The rotor of a bladeless turbine is composed of layers of coaxial, parallel, rigid disks connected by a central shaft, with very small gaps between them. The fluid is injected into the rotor disk tangentially through the air inlet, and the fluid forms a boundary layer at the edge of the disk due to its own viscous stress and flows along a spiral path. The friction between the fluid and the disk drives the rotor to rotate, and finally the fluid flows out of the rotor through the fan-shaped through holes around the shaft.
[0004] Bladeless turbines have the characteristics of low noise, low vibration, simple structure, stable operation, low manufacturing cost and high efficiency. Although bladeless turbines have the characteristics of high efficiency, due to the problems of inlet pressure loss, power loss on bearings, viscosity loss of fluid, sensitivity to friction and material strength of rotor disc caused by their structure, the energy conversion rate of existing bladeless turbines is relatively low compared with traditional bladed turbines, which limits the promotion and use of bladeless turbines. Summary of the invention
[0005] The content of this application is used to introduce concepts in a brief form, which will be described in detail in the detailed implementation section below. The content of this application is not intended to identify the key features or essential features of the technical solution claimed for protection, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the technical solution claimed for protection.
[0006] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a high-efficiency bladeless turbine with a guide valve.
[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a high-efficiency bladeless turbine with a guide valve, comprising: a turbine housing, which is constructed as a cylindrical thin-walled structure; a plurality of air inlets, which are evenly arranged along the circumference of the side wall of the turbine housing; a rotor disc, which is arranged in the turbine housing; a guide valve, which is arranged on the rotor disc; a rotating shaft, which is passed through the turbine housing; a plurality of exhaust ports are arranged on the rotor disc, and the central axis of the air inlet is tangent to the circumferential side wall of the rotor disc; the airflow enters from the air inlet and passes through the guide valve and is discharged from the exhaust port.
[0008] Furthermore, the rotor disc comprises a plurality of rigid discs, and the plurality of rigid discs are fixedly connected to the rotating shaft at equal intervals along the axial direction of the rotating shaft.
[0009] Furthermore, the side wall of the rigid disk extends into the turbine housing, a gap is left between the side wall of the rigid disk and the inner wall of the turbine housing, and the exhaust port is arranged on the rigid disk.
[0010] Furthermore, the surface of the rigid disk is arranged to be rough, and when the airflow passes through the gap between two adjacent rigid disks, a boundary layer cake is formed and the airflow can flow along a spiral path in the gap.
[0011] Furthermore, three exhaust ports are arranged on the rigid disc, and the three exhaust ports are evenly distributed on the rigid disc in a fan-shaped structure.
[0012] Furthermore, the distance between the exhaust port on the rigid disk and the rotation axis is smaller than the distance between the exhaust port and the outer edge of the rigid disk.
[0013] Furthermore, the guide valves are evenly distributed along the exhaust port, the inlets of the guide valves are arranged at the outer diameter edge of the rigid disc, and the outlets of the guide valves are connected to the exhaust port.
[0014] Furthermore, the diverter valve is provided with a straight channel and an arc channel.
[0015] Furthermore, a conical arc geometric body is formed between the straight channel and the circular arc channel, and the cone angle of the conical arc geometric body at the branching point is 30°.
[0016] Furthermore, a plurality of rigid discs are connected to the rotating shaft via keys.
[0017] The benefit of the present invention lies in that: by setting a guide valve in the rotor disc, the fluid enters from the turbine air inlet, and part of the fluid flows into the guide valve, which will promote the rotation of the rotor disc, thereby increasing the work done by the fluid, and further improving the efficiency of mechanical energy conversion, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the bladeless turbine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] The drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of this application, so that other features, purposes and advantages of this application become more obvious. The illustrative embodiment drawings and their descriptions of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute an improper limitation on this application.
[0019] In addition, throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements. It should be understood that the drawings are schematic and that the components and elements are not necessarily drawn to scale.
[0020] In the attached picture:
[0021] Figure 1It is a schematic structural diagram of a high-efficiency bladeless turbine with a guide valve in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a turbine housing of a high-efficiency bladeless turbine with a guide valve in the illustrated embodiment.
[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a rotor disk of a high-efficiency bladeless turbine with a guide valve in the illustrated embodiment.
[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a rotor disk of a high efficiency bladeless turbine with a diverter valve in the illustrated embodiment.
[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a guide valve of a high-efficiency bladeless turbine with a guide valve in the illustrated embodiment.
[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the flow direction of a guide valve of a high-efficiency bladeless turbine with a guide valve in the illustrated embodiment.
[0027] The meanings of the reference numerals in the figures are as follows:
[0028] 1. Turbine casing; 2. Air inlet; 3. Rotor disc; 31. Rigid disc; 4. Exhaust port; 5. Guide valve; 51. Conical arc geometry; 52. Straight channel; 53. Circular arc channel; 6. Rotating axis. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0029] Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although certain embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the present disclosure. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of the present disclosure are only for exemplary purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present disclosure.
[0030] It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts related to the invention are shown in the drawings. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be combined with each other.
[0031] It should be noted that the concepts such as "first" and "second" mentioned in the present disclosure are only used to distinguish different devices, modules or units, and are not used to limit the order or interdependence of the functions performed by these devices, modules or units.
[0032] It should be noted that the modifications of "one" and "plurality" mentioned in the present disclosure are illustrative rather than restrictive, and those skilled in the art should understand that unless otherwise clearly indicated in the context, it should be understood as "one or more".
[0033] The names of the messages or information exchanged between multiple devices in the embodiments of the present disclosure are only used for illustrative purposes and are not used to limit the scope of these messages or information.
[0034] The present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with embodiments.
[0035] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a high-efficiency bladeless turbine with a guide valve comprises a turbine housing 1, an air inlet 2, a rotor disc 3, an exhaust port 4, a guide valve 5 and a rotating shaft 6. The turbine housing 1 is a cylindrical thin-walled structure, on which an air inlet 2 tangent to the rotor disc 3 in the inner cavity is provided, and the air inlet 2 is connected to the external medium through an extended pipeline. The rotor disc 3 is arranged as a whole in the turbine housing 1, and the rotor disc 3 comprises a plurality of rigid discs 31 arranged in parallel and distributed at equidistant small gaps and fixed on the rotating shaft 6, each rigid disc 31 has an outer diameter extending to a position close to the inner wall of the turbine housing 1, and each rigid disc 31 is provided with a plurality of exhaust ports 4 at its inner diameter, and the axial gap between two adjacent rigid discs 31 is set so that the fluid can form a boundary layer along the surface of the disc and flow along a spiral path in the gap, so that the rigid disc 31 can rotate under the viscous force of the fluid through the boundary layer effect. The rotating shaft 6 is connected to a plurality of rigid disks 31, so that when the fluid drives the rigid disks 31 to rotate through the boundary layer effect, the rigid disks 31 will drive the rotating shaft 6 to rotate. The diverter valve 5 is arranged in the rigid disk 31, and its inlet is arranged at the outer diameter edge of the rigid disk 31, and its outlet is connected to the exhaust port 4.
[0036] like Figure 2 As shown, the turbine housing 1 is a cylindrical thin-walled hollow structure with an opening at the bottom, on which are arranged four air inlets 2 tangent to the outer circumference of the rotor disk 3 in the inner cavity. The four air inlets 2 are evenly arranged on the side wall of the turbine housing 1 in a circumferential manner.
[0037] like Figure 3 As shown, the rotor disc 3 includes a plurality of rigid discs 31 which are arranged in parallel and are distributed at equal intervals with small gaps and fixed on the rotating shaft 6. The outer diameter of each rigid disc 31 extends to a position close to the inner wall of the turbine housing 1. Three exhaust ports 4 are arranged on the rigid disc 31, which are fan-shaped and evenly distributed on the disc.
[0038] like Figure 4As shown, in order to ensure that the turbine rotor disc 3 can maintain symmetrical balance after rotation, the guide valve 5 is distributed in a triangular shape on the turbine rotor disc 3 with the center position of the exhaust port 4 as the symmetry center.
[0039] like Figure 4-6 As shown, the diverter valve 5 is arranged in the rotor disc 3, and its inlet is arranged at the outer diameter edge of the rigid disc 31, and the outlet is connected with the exhaust port 4. There is a conical arc geometric body 51 in the diverter valve 5, which divides the flow channel in the diverter valve 5 into a straight channel 52 and a circular arc channel 53. The circular arc channel 53 is arranged on the side wall of the straight channel 52 away from the air inlet, and the cone angle of the diversion point of the conical arc geometric body 51 is 30°. When the fluid flows into the diverter valve 5, most of the fluid flows directly into the exhaust port 4 along the straight channel 52, and part of the fluid flows into the circular arc channel 53. This part of the fluid flows back to the straight channel 52 along the circular arc channel 53, and forms a vortex at the confluence of the conical arc geometric body 51. At this time, the fluid continues to enter the diverter valve 5, and the resistance encountered by the fluid at the confluence increases, and the mechanical energy conversion of the fluid is faster.
[0040] by Figure 1-5 Taking the turbine shown in FIG. 1 as an example, the working process of the bladeless turbine with the guide valve 5 of the present invention is described in detail:
[0041] (1) The fluid is accelerated through an external medium source and flows into the air inlet 2 on the turbine housing 1, and flows tangentially into the gap between two adjacent rotor disks 3. The viscous stress of the fluid itself forms a boundary layer at the edge of the disk. The fluid flows in a spiral shape in the gap between the two rotor disks 3. The fluid drives the rotation of the rotor through this boundary layer, so that part of the energy of the fluid is converted into mechanical energy of the turbine and drives the rotating shaft 6 to rotate to generate shaft work.
[0042] (2) When the rotor disk 3 rotates faster and faster, the relative speed between the fluid and the rotor disk 3 becomes smaller. At this time, the resistance encountered by the fluid during the flow process mainly comes from the friction resistance, and the fluid mainly does work by overcoming the friction resistance. Among the inflowing fluid, part of the fluid will flow into the guide valve 5 in the rotor disk 3. The conical arc geometric body 51 in the guide valve 5 of the present invention divides the flow channel in the guide valve 5 into a straight channel 52 and a circular arc channel 53. One end of the straight channel 52 is connected to the air inlet 2, and the other end is connected to the exhaust port 4. When the fluid flows into the guide valve 5, most of the fluid flows directly into the exhaust port 4 along the straight channel 52, and part of the fluid flows into the circular arc channel 53. This part of the fluid flows back to the straight channel 52 along the circular arc channel 53 and forms a vortex at the confluence of the conical arc geometric body 51. At this time, the external fluid continues to flow into the guide valve 5, and the resistance encountered by the fluid at the confluence increases, thereby making the fluid do more work and converting the mechanical energy of the fluid more rapidly, thereby improving the efficiency of the bladeless turbine.
[0043] (3) After the fluid flows through the gap between two adjacent rotor disks 3 and the guide valve 5, the kinetic energy of the fluid is greatly reduced due to the friction resistance of the rotor disk 3 and the backflow vortex resistance in the guide valve 5, and finally the fluid flows out from the exhaust port 4 through the spiral flow path on the surface of the rotor disk 3 and the internal guide valve 5 channel.
[0044] In summary, the present invention has the following advantages:
[0045] (1) By setting a guide valve 5 in the rotor disc 3, the fluid enters from the turbine air inlet 2, and part of the fluid flows into the guide valve 5, which will promote the rotation of the rotor disc 3, thereby increasing the work done by the fluid, further improving the efficiency of mechanical energy conversion, and thus improving the overall efficiency of the bladeless turbine.
[0046] (2) With respect to the conical arc-shaped geometric body 51 in the guide valve 5 of the present invention, when fluid flows into the guide valve 5, most of the fluid flows directly into the exhaust port 4 along the straight channel 52, and part of the fluid flows into the circular arc channel 53. This part of the fluid flows back to the straight channel 52 along the circular arc channel 53 and forms a vortex at the confluence of the conical arc-shaped geometric body 51. The resistance to the fluid at the confluence increases, and the mechanical energy conversion of the fluid is faster, thereby improving the efficiency of the bladeless turbine.
[0047] (3) The guide valves 5 in the rigid disc 31 of the bladeless turbine described in the present invention are evenly distributed along the exhaust port 4. The triangular symmetrical arrangement of the guide valves 5 can ensure that the turbine disc maintains symmetrical balance during rotation.
[0048] The above descriptions are only some preferred embodiments of the present disclosure and an explanation of the technical principles used. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure is not limited to the technical solutions formed by a specific combination of the above-mentioned technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by any combination of the above-mentioned technical features or their equivalent features without departing from the above-mentioned inventive concept. For example, the above-mentioned features are replaced with the technical features with similar functions disclosed in the embodiments of the present disclosure (but not limited to) and the technical solutions formed.
Claims
1. A high-efficiency bladeless turbine with a guide valve, characterized in that: include: The turbine housing is constructed as a cylindrical thin-walled structure; A plurality of air inlets are evenly arranged along the circumference of the side wall of the turbine housing; A rotor disk is disposed in the turbine housing; A diverter valve, arranged on the rotor disc; A rotating shaft is disposed on the turbine housing; The rotor disc is provided with a plurality of exhaust ports, and the central axis of the air inlet is tangent to the circumferential side wall of the rotor disc; the airflow enters from the air inlet and is discharged from the exhaust port after passing through the guide valve.
2. The high-efficiency bladeless turbine with a guide valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotor disk includes a plurality of rigid disks, and the plurality of rigid disks are fixedly connected to the rotating shaft at equal intervals along the axial direction of the rotating shaft.
3. The high-efficiency bladeless turbine with a guide valve according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side wall of the rigid disk extends into the turbine housing, a gap is left between the side wall of the rigid disk and the inner wall of the turbine housing, and the exhaust port is arranged on the rigid disk.
4. The high-efficiency bladeless turbine with a guide valve according to claim 2, characterized in that: The surface of the rigid disk is arranged to be rough, and when the airflow passes through the gap between two adjacent rigid disks, a boundary layer cake is formed and the airflow can flow along a spiral path in the gap.
5. The high-efficiency bladeless turbine with a guide valve according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rigid disc is provided with three exhaust ports, which are evenly distributed on the rigid disc in a fan-shaped structure.
6. The high-efficiency bladeless turbine with a guide valve according to claim 5, characterized in that: The distance between the exhaust port on the rigid disk and the rotation axis is smaller than the distance between the exhaust port and the outer edge of the rigid disk.
7. The high-efficiency bladeless turbine with a guide valve according to claim 5, characterized in that: The diverter valves are evenly distributed along the exhaust port, the inlets of the diverter valves are arranged at the outer diameter edge of the rigid disc, and the outlets of the diverter valves are communicated with the exhaust port.
8. The high-efficiency bladeless turbine with a guide valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow guide valve is provided with a straight channel and a circular arc channel.
9. The high-efficiency bladeless turbine with a guide valve according to claim 8, characterized in that: A conical arc geometric body is formed between the straight channel and the circular arc channel, and the cone angle of the conical arc geometric body at the branching point is 30°.
10. The high-efficiency bladeless turbine with a guide valve according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plurality of rigid discs are connected to the rotating shaft via keys.