Experimental measurement device and method for sand production of thickened oil reservoir through huff and puff development of multi-element thermal fluid

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-element thermal fluid huff and puff thickened oil reservoir sand production experimental measurement device and method. The device comprises a high-temperature and high-pressure sand production system, a fluid pumping system, a nuclear magnetic detection system, a sound velocity measurement system and a sand collection system. The nuclear magnetic detection system dynamically monitors the parameter change of the rock core sample in the multi-element thermal fluid injection, soaking and sand production processes in real time; the sound velocity measuring system detects the mechanical parameter change of the rock core sample in the multi-element thermal fluid injection, soaking and sand production processes, and carries out real-time dynamic monitoring. The problem that an existing experimental device is poor in adaptability to stratum condition simulation is fully considered, the high-temperature-resistant and high-pressure-resistant clamp holder is adopted, various experimental requirements are met, and the structural change and mechanical property change of a rock core in the sand production process can be dynamically detected in real time on line through nuclear magnetic testing equipment and a sound velocity measuring system; and analyzing the influence of mechanical damage and fluid migration on formation sand production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of oil reservoir sand production simulation experimental devices, and relates to a multi-component thermal fluid huff-and-puff development sand production experimental measurement device and method for heavy oil reservoirs. Background Art

[0002] Sand production in oil wells is a common problem in the oil industry worldwide, which brings huge economic losses to oil production. It is very important to accurately predict sand production in oil wells before completion and during dynamic production. In recent years, technicians have gradually tried to evaluate the dynamic sand production effect of oil wells through indoor test methods. At present, the physical simulation experimental methods for this problem mostly use natural or artificial cores to study the relationship between the amount of particles carried by the fluid during the injection and displacement process and the change in particle size and the fluid injection rate, injection pressure difference at both ends of the core, and confining pressure load. This experimental method has a high degree of simulation. However, there is a large error between the prediction results of indoor tests and the sand production phenomenon in the actual production process, and the research on sand production experimental equipment during the development of heavy oil by multi-component thermal fluids is still incomplete. For example, patent CN107478809A discloses a microscopic visualization simulation device for simulating sand production from sandstone reservoirs. The simulation device uses a variety of core slice models to meet the research needs of various core states, but this design has poor adaptability to simulate formation conditions and cannot meet the research on sand production from high-temperature and high-pressure reservoirs; patent CN114839351A discloses a sand production experimental measurement device and a sand production measurement method. The device uses the characteristic of small permeability change during low-pressure gas drive to measure more accurate core permeability, but this design requires adjusting the pressure of the injected gas and measuring the core data by manual calculation. The instrument needs to be disassembled and assembled for each measurement, the operation process is cumbersome, and online real-time measurement of core data cannot be performed; patent CN112664176A discloses a supercritical multi-component thermal fluid huff and puff oil production test simulation device and method. The device can simulate the real oil production conditions of multi-component thermal fluid in the simulated core device, but the overall equipment is closed and cannot ensure the stable transportation of the fluid, and also fails to consider safety issues such as gas expansion and fluid reflux.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a sand production experimental device and method that can accurately simulate the on-site oil well production dynamics, which can be used to detect in real time the changes in formation morphology when multi-component thermal fluids are pumped into and out of the formation to develop it, and to evaluate the solid phase control effect of the sand production products, so as to provide a basis for sand production prediction during oil and gas production. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention provides a multi-element thermal fluid huff-and-puff development heavy oil reservoir sand production experimental measurement device, which makes sand production prediction more convenient and accurate and reduces operation cost.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above problems is: a multi-element thermal fluid huff-and-puff development heavy oil reservoir sand production experimental measurement device, which is special in that:

[0006] Including high temperature and high pressure sand removal system, fluid pumping system, nuclear magnetic detection system, sound velocity measurement system and sand collection system;

[0007] The high-temperature and high-pressure sand production system comprises a high-temperature and high-pressure clamp, a top cover and a bottom cover; the high-temperature and high-pressure clamp body is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, which is threadedly connected to the top cover and the bottom cover, the top cover is provided with a liquid inlet hole and a liquid discharge hole, the bottom cover is provided with an exhaust hole, and the bottom surfaces of the top cover and the bottom cover are respectively provided with pressurizing holes; a cylindrical core fixing cavity is provided inside the high-temperature and high-pressure clamp for installing core samples and connecting fluid delivery pipelines; three pipelines are provided at both ends of the core fixing cavity, an exhaust pipeline is provided at the bottom cover end, and a multi-component thermal fluid injection pipeline and a sand production pipeline are provided at the top cover end, the fluid pumping system is connected to the multi-component thermal fluid injection pipeline, and the sand collection system is connected to the sand production pipeline;

[0008] The nuclear magnetic detection system includes a magnet cabinet and a high-temperature and high-pressure circulation system, wherein the high-temperature and high-pressure circulation system is equipped with a ring pressure tracking pump and a temperature sensor;

[0009] The high temperature and high pressure holder is placed in a magnet cabinet as a whole, and the magnetic field generated by the magnet cabinet is used to dynamically monitor the parameter changes of the core sample during the multi-element thermal fluid injection, well soaking and sand production process in real time; the high temperature and high pressure holder is connected to the high temperature and high pressure circulation system through the pressurized hole, and the pressure and temperature are applied to the core sample by filling the holder with thermal circulation liquid, and controlled by the ring pressure tracking pump and temperature sensor inside the nuclear magnetic detection system;

[0010] The sound velocity measurement system includes a plurality of sonic probes and a sonic velocity tester; the plurality of sonic probes are arranged on the lower bottom surface of the core fixing cavity, the sonic probes are connected to the sonic velocity tester, and the mechanical parameter changes of the core samples during the multi-component thermal fluid injection, well soaking and sand production process are detected, and real-time dynamic monitoring is performed.

[0011] Preferably, the sand collection system includes a pressure reducing valve, a beaker, a balance, a drying oven and a particle size analyzer, and has the functions of measuring the amount of sand produced and analyzing the particle size. The pressure reducing valve is connected to the sand outlet pipeline of the high-temperature and high-pressure clamp, and can control the outlet pressure of the mining process.

[0012] Preferably, the fluid pumping system includes carbon dioxide conveying equipment, nitrogen conveying equipment, steam conveying equipment and a preheater; the carbon dioxide conveying equipment and nitrogen conveying equipment include carbon dioxide cylinders, nitrogen cylinders, booster pumps, intermediate containers, preheaters, pressure sensors, gas flow meters, preheaters and stop valves; the steam conveying equipment includes a steam generator, an electric contact pressure gauge, a water source pipe, a pressure sensor, a liquid flow meter, a gas flow meter and a stop valve.

[0013] Preferably, the exhaust pipeline includes a vacuum pump, which is connected to the exhaust hole and is used to create a vacuum environment for the system. The vacuum pump and the exhaust hole are detachable structures, and a stop valve is installed between the two, which can relieve the pressure of the clamp when the pressure is abnormal; the multi-element thermal fluid injection pipeline and the sand outlet pipeline are connected to the fluid pumping system and the sand collection system through the liquid inlet hole and the liquid discharge hole respectively.

[0014] Preferably, the multi-component thermal fluid pipeline is installed with a pressure sensor to monitor the injection stability of the multi-component thermal fluid to ensure the safety of the experiment; the multi-component thermal fluid injection pipeline is connected to the steam delivery pipeline and the preheater pipeline through a T-type adapter.

[0015] Preferably, the steam delivery pipeline is provided with a stop valve to control whether water vapor is injected. The steam delivery pipeline and the multi-component thermal fluid delivery pipeline are made of high-temperature resistant materials, and are wrapped with heating resistance wires and thermal insulation rubber sleeves on the periphery, which can fully ensure the stability of flow rate and composition during steam circulation; the steam delivery pipeline is connected to the steam generator and is equipped with an electric contact pressure gauge, so that it has the ability to control the water vapor injection pressure and injection speed; the steam generator is connected to the water source pipe and is equipped with a liquid flow meter, and the water vapor injection amount can be calculated by the ideal gas state equation combined with the pure water delivery amount.

[0016] Preferably, the preheater pipeline connects the preheater and the carbon dioxide conveying equipment and the nitrogen conveying equipment, and is used to mix the carbon dioxide and nitrogen and heat them. A vent safety valve is provided in front of the preheater, and it can determine whether the water vapor refluxes according to the rear pressure sensor and take corresponding measures.

[0017] Preferably, the carbon dioxide cylinder in the carbon dioxide delivery equipment is connected to a gas storage tank, and the carbon dioxide gas in the gas storage tank is pressurized by a gas booster pump therebetween, and then a throttle valve and a gas flow meter are connected, and the carbon dioxide gas with a set flow rate can be delivered to the pipeline by adjusting the throttle valve; a pressure sensor and a shut-off valve are provided between the throttle valve and the gas flow meter, and the pressure sensor can monitor in real time whether the pipeline pressure is abnormal, and ensure that the gas flow meter is not damaged by closing the shut-off valve; the gas flow meter is then connected to the carbon dioxide delivery pipeline through the shut-off valve.

[0018] Preferably, the nitrogen delivery equipment has the same structure as the carbon dioxide delivery equipment, and the carbon dioxide delivery pipeline and the nitrogen delivery pipeline are combined and connected to a preheater; the preheater is used to heat the mixed gas of carbon dioxide and nitrogen to a set temperature, and is connected to the multi-component thermal fluid injection pipeline through a stop valve.

[0019] In addition, the present invention also proposes a measurement method based on the above-mentioned multi-element thermal fluid huff-and-puff development heavy oil reservoir sand production experimental measurement device, comprising the following experimental steps:

[0020] Step 1: Evacuate and test air tightness: Start the vacuum pump and use the nuclear magnetic detection system to detect that the system air pressure is constant at zero, proving that the system is airtight and in a vacuum state. After completion, close the valve connecting the high-temperature and high-pressure sand production system with other systems.

[0021] Step 2: Sample loading: Seal the heavy oil core sample with an oil-isolating heat shrink sleeve, connect the pipeline and install it in the core loading chamber, and fix it with the top and bottom covers at both ends of the clamp. Then, connect the high-temperature and high-pressure circulation pipeline of the nuclear magnetic detection system through the pressurized hole of the clamp, and connect the valves, pipelines and sound velocity measurement system of each pipeline.

[0022] Step 3: Simulate the formation temperature and pressure environment: Start the nuclear magnetic detection system and turn on the high temperature and high pressure thermal circulation system, adjust the temperature and pressure environment in the core loading chamber of the holder to the set temperature and pressure, and simulate the formation environment where the rock sample is located.

[0023] Step 4: Transport multi-component thermal fluid and stew the well: unscrew the valves of the carbon dioxide gas cylinder and the nitrogen gas cylinder, and turn on the preheater heating system switch at the same time, adjust the gases in the carbon dioxide delivery pipeline and the nitrogen delivery pipeline to a stable flow rate respectively, and then input the mixed high-temperature gas into the high-temperature and high-pressure clamp; turn on the steam generator to generate the required flow steam, and the fluid mixture enters the clamp. The overall process can adjust the component ratio and injection amount of the multi-component thermal fluid injected through each stop valve; after the set fluid injection amount is reached in the clamp, close the steam injection valve and the mixed fluid injection valve to stew the well.

[0024] Step 5: Sand analysis: During the experiment, the core structure and mechanical characteristics were monitored and analyzed in real time through the nuclear magnetic detection system and the sound velocity measurement system. After the well was soaked, the sand pipeline was opened, and the pressure reducing valve was adjusted to simulate the recovery process. The oil-sand mixture sprayed out of the clamp was collected in a beaker, filtered after cooling and dried in a drying oven to obtain a sand sample, which was then weighed using a balance and placed in a particle size analyzer for sand particle size analysis.

[0025] Step 6: Simulate the development process and repeat the above steps to conduct multiple rounds of multi-component thermal fluid huff-and-puff development formation simulation experiments.

[0026] Advantages of the present invention:

[0027] 1. The present invention fully considers the poor adaptability of previous experimental devices to simulate formation conditions, and adopts a high temperature and high pressure resistant clamp to meet various experimental requirements;

[0028] 2. The present invention can dynamically detect the structural changes and mechanical property changes of the core in the sand production process in real time online through the nuclear magnetic testing equipment and the sound velocity measurement system, and analyze the influence of mechanical damage and fluid migration on the sand production of the formation;

[0029] 3. The overall equipment design of the present invention is not closed, which can stabilize the fluid delivery velocity and delivery component ratio, and fully considers the safety issues such as gas expansion and fluid reflux;

[0030] 4. The present invention can effectively solve the problem of simulated core temperature reduction caused by heat absorption by the pressure container and heat dissipation by the environment during the huff and puff process, and can adjust the injection amount and injection component ratio of the hot fluid during the huff and puff process;

[0031] 5. The present invention can carry out various temperature and pressure environment and stratum sand production simulation experiments, which is beneficial to analyze the stratum sand production law and sand production mechanism under different mining schemes and formulate reasonable sand prevention methods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Attached Figure 1 It is a diagram of the system equipment structure of the present invention;

[0033] Attached Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of system connection of the present invention;

[0034] In the figure, 8-carbon dioxide gas cylinder, 9-nitrogen gas cylinder, 10-preheater, 11-steam generator, 12-annular pressure tracking pump, 13-temperature sensor, 14-high temperature and high pressure clamp, 15-sound velocity measurement system, 16-sand collection system, 17-vacuum pump, 18-nuclear magnetic detection system, 19-pressure reducing valve, 101-110-stop valve, 201-205-pressure sensor, 301-302-gas booster pump, 401-402-throttle valve, 501-502-gas flow meter, 503-liquid flow meter, 601-602 gas storage tank, 701-702-electric contact pressure gauge. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention.

[0036] The present invention proposes a multi-component thermal fluid huff-and-puff development heavy oil reservoir sand production experimental measurement device, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a high-temperature and high-pressure sand production system, a fluid pumping system, a sand collection system 16 , a nuclear magnetic detection system 18 and a sound velocity measurement system 15 .

[0037] Specifically, if Figure 2 As shown, the high temperature and high pressure sand production system includes a high temperature and high pressure clamp 14, a top cover and a bottom cover. The main body of the high temperature and high pressure clamp 14 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and both ends are threadedly connected to the top cover and the bottom cover. The top cover is provided with a liquid inlet hole and a liquid discharge hole, and the bottom cover is provided with an exhaust hole. A pressurizing hole is provided on the bottom surface of the clamp where the two end covers are located; a cylindrical core fixing cavity is provided inside the high temperature and high pressure clamp 14, which is used to install the core sample and connect the fluid delivery pipeline, and the core sample is wrapped by an oil-isolating heat shrink sleeve.

[0038] Three pipelines are arranged at both ends of the core fixing chamber: an exhaust pipeline is arranged at the bottom cover end, which is connected to the stop valve 110 and the vacuum pump 17 through the exhaust hole, and is used to create a vacuum environment of the system, and the stop valve 110 can act as a pressure relief port when the pressure in the clamp is abnormal, thereby ensuring the safety of the experiment; a multi-element hot fluid injection pipeline and a sand outlet pipeline are arranged at the top cover end, which are connected to the fluid pumping system and the sand collection system 16 through the liquid inlet hole and the liquid discharge hole respectively.

[0039] The nuclear magnetic detection system 18 includes a magnet cabinet and a high-temperature and high-pressure circulation system, which is connected to the high-temperature and high-pressure sand outlet system through a pressurized hole, wherein the high-temperature and high-pressure circulation system has a built-in ring pressure tracking pump 12 and a temperature sensor 13; the sand collection system includes a pressure reducing valve 19, a beaker, a balance, a drying oven and a particle size analyzer, and the pressure reducing valve 19 is connected to the sand outlet pipeline of the high-temperature and high-pressure clamp 14 for collecting experimental products.

[0040] The sound velocity measurement system 15 includes a number of sonic probes and sonic velocity testers. The sonic probes are connected to the high-temperature and high-pressure sanding system by being installed on the upper and lower bottom surfaces of the core fixing cavity, and can detect the changes in mechanical parameters such as Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio of the core samples during the injection of multi-component thermal fluids, soaking and sanding, and perform real-time dynamic monitoring; the high-temperature and high-pressure clamp 14 is placed as a whole in the magnet box of the nuclear magnetic detection system 18, and the magnetic field generated by the magnet cabinet can monitor the changes in structural parameters such as porosity and permeability of the core samples during the injection of multi-component thermal fluids, soaking and sanding in real time and dynamically; the high-temperature and high-pressure clamp 14 is connected to the high-temperature and high-pressure circulation system of the nuclear magnetic detection system 18 through the pressurized hole, and is used to fill the clamp with thermal circulation liquid, so as to apply pressure and temperature to the core sample in the clamp, and control it through the ring pressure tracking pump 12 and temperature sensor 13 inside the nuclear magnetic detection system 18.

[0041] The fluid pumping system is used to provide carbon dioxide, nitrogen and water vapor, and specifically includes carbon dioxide delivery equipment, nitrogen delivery equipment, steam delivery equipment and gas mixing container. The carbon dioxide delivery equipment and nitrogen delivery equipment include carbon dioxide cylinders, nitrogen cylinders, booster pumps, intermediate containers, preheaters, pressure sensors, gas flow meters, preheaters and stop valves; the steam delivery equipment includes a steam generator, an electric contact pressure gauge, a water source water pipe, a pressure sensor, a liquid flow meter, a gas flow meter and a stop valve. The pipeline between the steam generator and the high-temperature and high-pressure clamp is made of high-temperature resistant material, and the outer periphery is wrapped with heating resistance wires and thermal insulation rubber sleeves, which can fully ensure the stability of the flow rate and composition during the steam circulation process.

[0042] Specifically, see Figure 2 A pressure sensor 201 and a stop valve 101 are installed at the outlet of the carbon dioxide cylinder 8 in the carbon dioxide delivery equipment. The carbon dioxide cylinder 8 is connected to a gas storage tank 601. The carbon dioxide gas in the gas storage tank 601 is pressurized by a gas booster pump 301 therebetween (the electric contact pressure gauge 701 can measure the pressure value of the carbon dioxide gas after pressurization). Then, a throttle valve 401 and a gas flow meter 501 are connected. By adjusting the throttle valve 401, carbon dioxide gas with a set flow rate can be delivered to the pipeline; a pressure sensor 203 and a stop valve 103 are provided between the throttle valve 401 and the gas flow meter 501. The pressure sensor 203 can monitor in real time whether the pipeline pressure is abnormal, and ensure that the gas flow meter is not damaged by closing the stop valve 103; the carbon dioxide delivery pipeline is finally connected to the gas mixing pipeline through the stop valve 105.

[0043] The structure of the nitrogen delivery equipment is the same as that of the carbon dioxide delivery equipment. A pressure sensor 202 and a stop valve 102 are installed at the outlet of the nitrogen cylinder 9. The nitrogen cylinder 9 is connected to a gas storage tank 602. The carbon dioxide gas in the gas storage tank 602 is pressurized by a gas booster pump 302 therebetween (the electric contact pressure gauge 702 can measure the pressure value of the carbon dioxide gas after pressurization). Then, a throttle valve 402 and a gas flow meter 502 are connected. By adjusting the throttle valve 402, carbon dioxide gas with a set flow rate can be delivered to the pipeline; a pressure sensor 204 and a stop valve 104 are provided between the throttle valve 402 and the gas flow meter 502. The pressure sensor 204 can monitor in real time whether the pipeline pressure is abnormal, and ensure that the gas flow meter is not damaged by closing the stop valve 104; the nitrogen delivery pipeline is finally connected to the gas mixing pipeline through the stop valve 106.

[0044] The carbon dioxide delivery pipeline and the nitrogen delivery pipeline are combined and connected to the preheater 10, and a gas venting pipeline where the stop valve 108 is located is set in between, which is used to vent the pipeline gas when the mixed gas refluxes; the preheater 10 is used to heat the mixed gas of carbon dioxide and nitrogen to a set temperature, and is connected to a multi-component hot fluid pipeline mixed with steam and gas through the stop valve 107.

[0045] The steam generator 11 of the steam delivery equipment is connected to the water source water pipe where the liquid flow meter 503 is located. The injection amount of water vapor can be calculated by combining the ideal gas state equation with the pure water delivery amount. The steam generator can set the injection pressure and injection speed of water vapor, and a stop valve 109 is set to connect the multi-component thermal fluid pipeline; the multi-component thermal fluid injection pipeline is connected to the steam delivery pipeline and the preheater pipeline through a T-type adapter. The multi-component thermal fluid pipeline is provided with a pressure sensor 205 to monitor the injection pressure of the multi-component thermal fluid, and then connected to the fluid injection pipeline of the high-temperature and high-pressure clamp 14.

[0046] All instruments of the present invention are designed according to the national standard "Design Specification for Instrument Control Systems for Oil and Gas Fields and Pipeline Engineering SY / T7700-2023" to meet the equipment anti-corrosion requirements.

[0047] The present invention also provides a method for measuring sand production in a heavy oil reservoir, and the device for measuring sand production in a heavy oil reservoir using multi-element thermal fluid huff and puff development of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0048] Step 1: Evacuate and test air tightness: Open the stop valve 110, connect and start the vacuum pump 17, and use the nuclear magnetic detection system 18 to detect that the system air pressure is constant at zero, proving that the system air tightness is good and in a vacuum state. After completion, close the stop valve 110, stop valve 107 and stop valve 109, and disassemble the vacuum pump 17.

[0049] Step 2: Sample loading: Seal the heavy oil core sample with an oil-isolating heat shrink sleeve, connect the pipeline and install it in the core fixing cavity, and fix it with the bottom covers at both ends of the clamp. Then connect the high-temperature and high-pressure circulation pipeline of the nuclear magnetic detection system 18 through the pressurized hole of the clamp, and connect the pipeline valves, pipelines and sound velocity measurement system 15.

[0050] Step 3: Simulate the formation temperature and pressure environment: Start the nuclear magnetic detection system 18 to start the high temperature and high pressure thermal circulation system, adjust the temperature and pressure environment in the core loading chamber of the holder to the set temperature and pressure, and simulate the formation environment where the rock sample is located.

[0051] Step 4: Transport multi-element thermal fluid and soak the well: close stop valve 106, stop valve 107 and stop valve 109, open stop valve 108, open preheater 10, open carbon dioxide cylinder 8 and check valve 101 and start gas booster pump 301 to pressurize gas storage tank 601, then close valve 101 and gas booster pump 301, open stop valve 103 and stop valve 105, slowly turn throttle valve 401 to set flow rate; open nitrogen cylinder 9 and stop valve 102 and start gas booster pump 302 to pressurize gas storage tank 602, then close valve 102 and gas booster pump 302, open Stop valve 104 and stop valve 106, slowly turn throttle valve 402 to the same flow rate as the carbon dioxide gas; close stop valve 108, at this time, the carbon dioxide and nitrogen gases with a constant flow rate are mixed and heated in the preheater 10; at the same time, start the steam generator 11 and inject pure water, and when the required flow steam is generated, open stop valve 107 and stop valve 109, and the fluids are mixed to form a multi-component thermal fluid that enters the clamp; during the whole process, the component ratio and injection amount of the injected multi-component thermal fluid can be adjusted through each stop valve; after the set fluid injection amount is reached in the clamp, close stop valve 107 and stop valve 109 to steam well.

[0052] Step 5: Sand analysis: During the experiment, the core structure and mechanical characteristics are monitored and analyzed in real time through the nuclear magnetic detection system 18 and the sound velocity measurement system 15; after the well is soaked, the pressure reducing valve 19 is opened to simulate the recovery process, and the oil sand mixture sprayed out of the clamp is collected in a beaker, filtered after cooling and dried in a drying oven to obtain a sand sample, which is then weighed using a balance and placed in a particle size analyzer for sand particle size analysis.

[0053] Step 6: Simulate the development process and repeat the above steps to conduct multiple rounds of multi-component thermal fluid huff-and-puff development formation simulation experiments.

[0054] In summary, the present invention proposes a multi-component thermal fluid huff and puff development heavy oil reservoir sand production experimental measurement device and measurement method, the measurement device includes a high temperature and high pressure sand production system, a fluid pumping system, a nuclear magnetic detection system, a sound velocity measurement system and a sand collection system; the high temperature and high pressure sand production system is equipped with a core holder with a special pipeline structure, which can more accurately simulate the multi-component thermal fluid huff and puff work under the real formation temperature and pressure conditions; the fluid pumping system ensures that the multi-component fluid is mixed and injected into the core, and the structural design is used to ensure the component stability and flow rate stability of the mixed fluid during injection, which can meet the experimental requirements of different injection pressures and different injection component ratios; the nuclear magnetic detection system and the sound velocity measurement system can perform online dynamic measurement of the core structural parameters and mechanical parameters during the whole experiment, which greatly improves the experimental efficiency and the accuracy of the experimental results. The device of the present invention can detect the morphological changes in the core sand production process in real time, and evaluate the solid phase control effect, study the dynamic development law of the heavy oil reservoir reservoir, and accurately predict the real formation sand production situation, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the efficient development of the reservoir.

[0055] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related system fields, are also included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-component thermal fluid huff-and-puff development heavy oil reservoir sand production experimental measurement device, characterized in that: Including high temperature and high pressure sand removal system, fluid pumping system, nuclear magnetic detection system, sound velocity measurement system and sand collection system; The high-temperature and high-pressure sand production system comprises a high-temperature and high-pressure clamp, a top cover and a bottom cover; the high-temperature and high-pressure clamp body is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, which is threadedly connected to the top cover and the bottom cover, the top cover is provided with a liquid inlet hole and a liquid discharge hole, the bottom cover is provided with an exhaust hole, and the bottom surfaces of the top cover and the bottom cover are respectively provided with pressurizing holes; a cylindrical core fixing cavity is provided inside the high-temperature and high-pressure clamp for installing core samples and connecting fluid delivery pipelines; three pipelines are provided at both ends of the core fixing cavity, an exhaust pipeline is provided at the bottom cover end, and a multi-component thermal fluid injection pipeline and a sand production pipeline are provided at the top cover end, the fluid pumping system is connected to the multi-component thermal fluid injection pipeline, and the sand collection system is connected to the sand production pipeline; The nuclear magnetic detection system includes a magnet cabinet and a high-temperature and high-pressure circulation system, wherein the high-temperature and high-pressure circulation system is equipped with a ring pressure tracking pump and a temperature sensor; The high temperature and high pressure holder is placed in a magnet cabinet as a whole, and the magnetic field generated by the magnet cabinet is used to dynamically monitor the parameter changes of the core sample during the multi-element thermal fluid injection, well soaking and sand production process in real time; the high temperature and high pressure holder is connected to the high temperature and high pressure circulation system through the pressurized hole, and the pressure and temperature are applied to the core sample by filling the holder with thermal circulation liquid, and controlled by the ring pressure tracking pump and temperature sensor inside the nuclear magnetic detection system; The sound velocity measurement system includes a plurality of sonic probes and a sonic velocity tester; the plurality of sonic probes are arranged on the lower bottom surface of the core fixing cavity, the sonic probes are connected to the sonic velocity tester, and the mechanical parameter changes of the core samples during the multi-component thermal fluid injection, well soaking and sand production process are detected, and real-time dynamic monitoring is performed.

2. The sand production experimental measuring device for developing heavy oil reservoirs by multi-component thermal fluid huff and puff according to claim 1 is characterized by: The sand collection system includes a pressure reducing valve, a beaker, a balance, a drying box and a particle size analyzer, and has the functions of measuring the amount of sand produced and analyzing the particle size. The pressure reducing valve is connected to the sand outlet pipeline of the high-temperature and high-pressure clamp, and can control the outlet pressure of the mining process.

3. The sand production test measuring device for developing heavy oil reservoir by multi-component thermal fluid huff and puff according to claim 2 is characterized by: The fluid pumping system includes carbon dioxide conveying equipment, nitrogen conveying equipment, steam conveying equipment and a preheater; the carbon dioxide conveying equipment and nitrogen conveying equipment include carbon dioxide cylinders, nitrogen cylinders, booster pumps, intermediate containers, preheaters, pressure sensors, gas flow meters, preheaters and stop valves; the steam conveying equipment includes a steam generator, an electric contact pressure gauge, a water source pipe, a pressure sensor, a liquid flow meter, a gas flow meter and a stop valve.

4. The sand production test measuring device for heavy oil reservoir development by multi-component thermal fluid huff and puff according to claim 3 is characterized by: The exhaust pipeline includes a vacuum pump, which is connected to the exhaust hole and is used to create a vacuum environment for the system. The vacuum pump and the exhaust hole are detachable structures, and a stop valve is installed between the two, which can relieve pressure for the clamp when the pressure is abnormal; the multi-element thermal fluid injection pipeline and the sand outlet pipeline are connected to the fluid pumping system and the sand collection system through the liquid inlet hole and the liquid discharge hole respectively.

5. The sand production test measuring device for heavy oil reservoir development by multi-component thermal fluid huff and puff according to claim 4 is characterized by: The multi-component thermal fluid pipeline is installed with a pressure sensor to monitor the injection stability of the multi-component thermal fluid to ensure the safety of the experiment; the multi-component thermal fluid injection pipeline is connected to the steam delivery pipeline and the preheater pipeline through a T-type adapter.

6. The sand production test measuring device for heavy oil reservoir development by multi-component thermal fluid huff and puff according to claim 5 is characterized by: The steam delivery pipeline is provided with a stop valve to control whether water vapor is injected. The steam delivery pipeline and the multi-element thermal fluid delivery pipeline are made of high-temperature resistant materials, and are wrapped with heating resistance wires and thermal insulation rubber sleeves on the periphery, which can fully ensure the stability of flow rate and composition during steam circulation; the steam delivery pipeline is connected to the steam generator and is equipped with an electric contact pressure gauge, so that it has the ability to control the water vapor injection pressure and injection speed; the steam generator is connected to the water source pipe and is equipped with a liquid flow meter, and the water vapor injection amount can be calculated by the ideal gas state equation combined with the pure water delivery amount.

7. The device for measuring sand production in heavy oil reservoirs by multi-component thermal fluid huff-and-puff development according to claim 6, characterized in that: The preheater pipeline connects the preheater and the carbon dioxide conveying equipment and the nitrogen conveying equipment, and is used to mix carbon dioxide and nitrogen and heat them. A vent safety valve is arranged in front of the preheater, and it can judge whether water vapor refluxes according to the rear pressure sensor and take corresponding measures.

8. The sand production test measuring device for heavy oil reservoir development by multi-component thermal fluid huff and puff according to claim 7 is characterized by: The carbon dioxide gas cylinder in the carbon dioxide delivery equipment is connected to a gas storage tank, and the carbon dioxide gas in the gas storage tank is pressurized by a gas booster pump therebetween, and then a throttle valve and a gas flow meter are connected, and the carbon dioxide gas with a set flow rate can be delivered to the pipeline by adjusting the throttle valve; a pressure sensor and a shut-off valve are provided between the throttle valve and the gas flow meter, and the pressure sensor can monitor in real time whether the pipeline pressure is abnormal, and ensure that the gas flow meter is not damaged by closing the shut-off valve; the gas flow meter is then connected to the carbon dioxide delivery pipeline through the shut-off valve.

9. The sand production test measuring device for heavy oil reservoir development by multi-component thermal fluid huff and puff according to claim 8, characterized in that: The structure of the nitrogen delivery equipment is the same as that of the carbon dioxide delivery equipment. The carbon dioxide delivery pipeline and the nitrogen delivery pipeline are combined and connected to a preheater; the preheater is used to heat the mixed gas of carbon dioxide and nitrogen to a set temperature and is connected to the multi-component thermal fluid injection pipeline through a stop valve.

10. A measurement method based on the multi-component thermal fluid huff-and-puff development heavy oil reservoir sand production experimental measurement device as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that The following steps are involved: Step 1: Vacuum and test air tightness: Start the vacuum pump and use the nuclear magnetic detection system to test whether the system air pressure is constant at zero, which proves that the system is airtight and in a vacuum state. After the test, close the valves connecting the high-temperature and high-pressure sand production system with other systems; Step 2: Sample loading: Seal the heavy oil core sample with an oil-isolating heat shrink sleeve, connect the pipeline and install it in the core loading chamber, and fix it with the top and bottom covers at both ends of the clamp. Then connect the high-temperature and high-pressure circulation pipeline of the nuclear magnetic detection system through the pressurized hole of the clamp, and connect the valves, pipelines and sound velocity measurement system of each pipeline; Step 3: Simulate the formation temperature and pressure environment: Start the nuclear magnetic detection system and the high temperature and high pressure thermal circulation system, adjust the temperature and pressure environment in the core loading chamber of the holder to the set temperature and pressure, and simulate the formation environment where the rock sample is located; Step 4: Transport multi-component thermal fluid and stew the well: unscrew the valves of the carbon dioxide gas cylinder and the nitrogen gas cylinder, turn on the preheater heating switch at the same time, adjust the gas in the carbon dioxide delivery pipeline and the nitrogen delivery pipeline to a stable flow rate, and then input the mixed high-temperature gas into the high-temperature and high-pressure clamp; turn on the steam generator to generate the required flow steam, and the fluid mixes into the clamp. The overall process can adjust the component ratio and injection amount of the multi-component thermal fluid injected through each stop valve; after the set fluid injection amount is reached in the clamp, close the steam injection valve and the mixed fluid injection valve to stew the well; Step 5: Sand analysis: During the experiment, the core structure and mechanical characteristics were monitored and analyzed in real time through the nuclear magnetic detection system and the sound velocity measurement system; after the well was soaked, the sand pipeline was opened, and the pressure reducing valve was adjusted to simulate the recovery process. The oil-sand mixture sprayed out of the holder was collected in a beaker, filtered after cooling and dried in a drying oven to obtain a sand sample, which was then weighed using a balance and placed in a particle size analyzer for sand particle size analysis; Step 6: Simulate the development process and repeat the above steps to conduct multiple rounds of multi-component thermal fluid huff-and-puff development formation simulation experiments.

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