Water pollutant emission control device and method based on water environment quality

Abstract

The invention discloses a water environment quality-based water pollutant discharge amount control device and method, which can ensure that the pollutant concentration of each final treatment tank is lower than the concentration threshold value by setting the concentration threshold value, thereby reducing the concentration of all pollutants, improving the sewage discharge amount and reducing the pollution to the environment. Pollutants in each final treatment tank are detected in real time and compared with a set daily emission standard of the pollutants, so that the daily emission amount of each pollutant is less than or equal to the daily emission standard, the sewage emission amount of each final treatment tank is dynamically controlled, and the sewage treatment efficiency is improved on the premise that the pollutant emission amount is less than or equal to the daily emission standard. The sewage discharge amount of each final treatment tank is maximized, so that the sewage discharge amount is further increased, and the quality of the water environment is effectively protected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of control methods, and in particular to a device and method for controlling the discharge of water pollutants based on water environment quality. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization, water pollution is becoming increasingly serious, posing a serious threat to the ecosystem and human health. With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, the discharge of pollutants in water bodies is increasing, leading to the deterioration of water quality and threatening the sustainable use of water resources.

[0003] The quality of water environment is directly affected by the concentration of pollutants in the water body. The type, concentration and distribution of pollutants in the water body will have an impact on the water ecosystem. In order to maintain the good quality of the water body, it is necessary to control the discharge of pollutants to ensure that the concentration of pollutants in the water body does not exceed the environmental carrying capacity; traditional water pollutant emission control methods often adopt static emission standards, which are difficult to adapt to the dynamic changes and regional differences in water environment quality. In addition, these methods often ignore the unevenness of the self-purification capacity of water bodies and the environmental carrying capacity, and fail to achieve precise control of pollutant emissions.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to design a water pollutant emission control device and method based on water environment quality to solve the shortcomings of the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art and provides a water pollutant discharge control device and method based on water environment quality.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for controlling the discharge of water pollutants based on water environment quality, comprising the following steps: Step S1, establish a real-time water quality monitoring and control system, conduct real-time detection of the watershed of each discharge point, identify and record the content of various pollutants, establish several groups of sewage treatment systems at each discharge point, each group of sewage treatment systems has several sewage treatment pools connected in sequence, and a sewage transfer pool connected at the head end of the several sewage treatment pools connected in sequence, and a final treatment pool connected at the tail end; Step S2: According to the environmental carrying capacity and water resource utilization of each area in the basin, a dynamic adjustment mechanism for emission standards is established, and the differentiated daily emission standards for each pollutant are set as , represents the daily emission standard of pollutant j; Step S3: Based on the set daily emission standard for each pollutant, evenly distribute the allowable emission threshold for each final treatment pool, and based on the historical treatment rate of each pollutant in each sewage treatment pool, formulate a stepped concentration threshold for each pollutant in each sewage treatment pool; Step S4, taking dynamic water samples of the sewage in the sewage transfer tank to detect the peak value of the pollutant concentration in real time, taking static water samples of each sewage treatment tank and the final treatment tank to detect the concentration of each pollutant in real time, judging whether the actual concentration of each pollutant in each sewage treatment tank is lower than its concentration threshold value based on the detected actual concentration of each pollutant, and adjusting the flow between the sewage treatment tanks in real time according to the judgment result to ensure that the actual concentration of each pollutant flowing into the final treatment tank is lower than the discharge threshold value; Step S5, calculating the daily discharge of each final treatment pool based on the actual concentration of each pollutant detected in the final treatment pool; Step S6: According to the calculation result of step S5 and the daily emission standard obtained in step S2, an emission control strategy is formulated to control the pollutant emission of each final treatment pool in real time to ensure that the total emission of all pollutants is lower than the daily emission standard of the pollutant.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the various pollutants include: lead, cadmium, nitrogen, and phosphorus.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, a dynamic adjustment mechanism for emission standards is established, including the following steps: Step S21, regularly collect water quality monitoring data in the basin of each discharge point, including key indicators of concentration and discharge of various pollutants; Step S22: regularly assess the environmental carrying capacity of the watershed, including changes in water body self-purification capacity, ecological sensitivity, and water resource supply and demand; Step S23: dynamically adjust the daily emission standards based on the environmental carrying capacity of the watershed.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S5, the following sub-steps are included: Step S51, installing sensors in several sewage treatment tanks, sewage transfer tanks and final treatment tanks at each discharge point, detecting the concentration of each pollutant in each final treatment tank in real time, and transmitting the data detected by the sensors to the real-time water quality monitoring and control system; Step S52, recording and storing the real-time concentration data of pollutants in each final treatment pool, and cleaning the concentration data to remove abnormal values ​​and noise; Step S53: Calculate the daily discharge of each pollutant based on the concentration data of different pollutants in each final treatment pool, specifically, ,in, represents the daily discharge of pollutant j in the ith final treatment pool, represents the concentration of pollutant j in the ith final treatment tank, represents the sewage discharge of the ith final treatment tank; Step S54: Based on the daily discharge of each pollutant in each final treatment pool, the total daily discharge of each pollutant in all final treatment pools is calculated, specifically, ,in, Indicates the amount of sewage discharged The total daily discharge of pollutant j in all final treatment pools under .

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S6, formulating an emission control strategy includes the following steps: Step S61: Compare the calculated actual daily total amount of the same pollutant discharged from all final treatment pools with the daily discharge standard of such pollutants to ensure that Less than or equal to ; Step S62: Based on Less than or equal to , using the formula Calculate the daily discharge allowed for each final treatment pond; Step S63, the real-time water quality monitoring and control system controls the sewage discharge rate of the final treatment pool according to the obtained daily discharge value, to ensure that the sewage discharge of the final treatment pool in one day is equal to the allowed daily discharge.

[0011] A real-time water quality monitoring and control system, comprising: a detection module, a data processing module, a control strategy generation module, an evaluation module, a control module, and a signal transmission module; Detection module, used to detect the concentration of various pollutants in water, the flow rate and flow of sewage, and measure water quality parameters such as pH value, dissolved oxygen, and temperature; The signal transmission module transmits the collected data to the data processing module via the wireless network; Data processing module, used to calculate the actual concentration and emission of pollutants; Control strategy generation module, which formulates pollutant emission control strategies based on data analysis results; The control module includes: a flow control unit and a discharge regulating unit; the flow control unit is used to adjust the flow between sewage treatment tanks, and the discharge regulating unit controls the discharge amount of the final treatment tank to ensure compliance with the permitted discharge threshold; The assessment module evaluates the environmental carrying capacity and water resource utilization of each area in the basin and determines the daily emission standards for each pollutant.

[0012] A water pollutant discharge control device comprises: a plurality of sewage treatment components and a control component for controlling the sewage discharge amount. The sewage treatment component includes: a plurality of sewage treatment tanks connected in sequence, a sewage transfer tank connected at the head end of the plurality of sewage treatment tanks connected in sequence, and a final treatment tank connected at the tail end; the sewage transfer tank and the final treatment tank are both connected to adjacent sewage treatment tanks, the sewage transfer tank is located below the sewage discharge port, and sensors are installed in the sewage transfer tank, the final treatment tank, and the plurality of sewage treatment tanks to detect the concentration of pollutants in the sewage in real time; The final treatment tank is provided with a water outlet, and a solenoid valve is arranged in the water outlet to control the flow of the water outlet.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sewage transfer tank comprises: a body having a water inlet, a water outlet and a sewage outlet, and a flow-disturbing component disposed in the body; A partition is provided inside the main body, which divides the interior of the main body into a water inlet space and a drainage space located below the water inlet space. The water inlet is connected to the water inlet space so that the water flow entering the water inlet space generates a vortex, and the spoiler component is located in the water inlet space.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a separation pipe and a sewage pipe that are interconnected are provided in the drainage space, a circular groove is provided at the center of the partition plate, the separation pipe is connected to the drainage space through the circular groove, and the sewage pipe is connected to the sewage outlet; a plurality of leakage grooves are provided in the separation pipe, so that the water in the separation pipe is separated into the drainage space through the leakage grooves.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the spoiler assembly is used to suppress the tendency of the spiral vortex height rising in the water inlet space, and the spoiler assembly includes: a plurality of first spoiler blocks and a plurality of second spoiler blocks; the plurality of first spoiler blocks are located below the plurality of second spoiler blocks, and the plurality of first spoiler blocks and the plurality of second spoiler blocks are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the body.

[0016] The present invention solves the defects existing in the background technology and has the following beneficial effects: (1) The present invention provides a water pollutant emission control device and method based on water environment quality. By setting a concentration threshold, it is ensured that the pollutant concentration in each final treatment pool is lower than the concentration threshold, thereby reducing the concentration of all pollutants and increasing the discharge of sewage. By real-time detection of pollutants in each final treatment pool and comparing them with the set daily pollutant emission standard, it is ensured that the daily emission of each pollutant is less than or equal to its daily emission standard, and then dynamically controlling the sewage discharge of each final treatment pool, so that under the premise that the pollutant emission is less than or equal to the daily emission standard, the sewage discharge of each final treatment pool is maximized, further increasing the sewage discharge, and thus effectively protecting the quality of the water environment.

[0017] (2) The present invention can capture the instantaneous changes in the concentration of pollutants in sewage in real time through dynamic water sampling, and can obtain stable water quality data through static water sampling. It can accurately calculate the treatment rate of each sewage treatment pool for each pollutant, so that the dynamic water sampling can dynamically adjust the rate at which sewage in the sewage transfer pool flows into the adjacent sewage treatment pool according to the treatment rate of pollutants in the adjacent sewage treatment pool, so as to cope with sudden changes and improve the adaptability and stability of the system.

[0018] (3) The present invention sets a concentration threshold to ensure that the pollutant concentration in each final treatment pool is lower than the concentration threshold, controls the flow of sewage from one sewage treatment pool to the next sewage treatment pool, reduces the flow, and ensures that such pollutants are treated in the sewage treatment pool for a long time. While minimizing the concentration of such pollutants, the concentration of other types of pollutants in the sewage is also greatly reduced, thereby increasing the flow of subsequent sewage discharged into the discharge point basin through the final treatment pool, while maximizing the sewage discharge volume and ensuring the water environment of the discharge point basin.

[0019] (4) The present invention establishes a real-time water quality monitoring and control system, which can detect the water quality of each discharge point in the basin in real time, including the content of various pollutants, thereby achieving accurate monitoring of pollutants and providing timely and accurate data support for subsequent pollutant emission control. In addition, based on the real-time detection data, the emission control strategy is formulated and adjusted to ensure that the total amount of pollutant emissions is always lower than the set daily emission standards, effectively preventing the occurrence of water pollution incidents.

[0020] (5) The present invention regularly evaluates the environmental carrying capacity of the river basin and dynamically adjusts the daily emission standards of pollutants according to changes in the environmental carrying capacity and water resource utilization in the river basin, thereby better adapting to the water environment protection needs under different circumstances and effectively preventing the occurrence of water pollution incidents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the water pollutant discharge control method based on water environment quality of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a framework diagram of a water quality real-time monitoring and control system of the present invention; Figure 3It is a structural schematic diagram of a water pollutant discharge control device of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the sewage transfer tank of the present invention.

[0022] In the figure: 1. sewage treatment tank; 2. sewage transfer tank; 3. final treatment tank; 4. sewage discharge port; 5. water outlet; 6. water inlet; 7. main body; 8. drainage port; 9. sewage outlet; 10. partition plate; 11. water inlet space; 12. drainage space; 13. separation pipe; 14. sewage pipe; 15. trough; 16. first spoiler block; 17. second spoiler block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0025] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0026] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood by specific circumstances.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, the method for controlling the discharge of water pollutants based on water environment quality comprises the following steps: Step S1, establish a real-time water quality monitoring and control system, conduct real-time detection of the watershed of each discharge point, identify and record the content of various pollutants, the various pollutants specifically include: lead, cadmium, nitrogen, phosphorus, establish several groups of sewage treatment systems at each discharge point, each group of sewage treatment systems has several sewage treatment pools 1 connected in sequence, and a sewage transfer pool 2 connected at the head end of the several sewage treatment pools 1 connected in sequence, and a final treatment pool 3 connected at the tail end, wherein the treatment of pollutants in the sewage treatment pool 1 is a prior art and will not be elaborated on in detail here; By establishing a real-time water quality monitoring and control system, the water quality conditions in each discharge point basin, including the content of various pollutants, can be detected in real time, thus achieving accurate monitoring of pollutants and providing timely and accurate data support for subsequent pollutant emission control.

[0028] Step S2: According to the environmental carrying capacity and water resource utilization of each area in the basin, a dynamic adjustment mechanism for emission standards is established, and the differentiated daily emission standards for each pollutant are set as , represents the daily emission standard of pollutant j; Establishing a dynamic adjustment mechanism for emission standards includes the following steps: Step S21, regularly collect water quality monitoring data in the basin of each discharge point, including key indicators of concentration and discharge of various pollutants; Step S22: regularly assess the environmental carrying capacity of the watershed, including changes in water body self-purification capacity, ecological sensitivity, and water resource supply and demand; Step S23: dynamically adjust the daily emission standards based on the environmental carrying capacity of the watershed.

[0029] Specifically, real-time monitoring sensors are arranged at each discharge point and water body to regularly collect concentration data of pollutants including lead, cadmium, nitrogen, phosphorus, etc. The data monitored by the sensors are transmitted in real time to the real-time water quality monitoring and control system for data storage and preliminary analysis. Specifically, the data types include real-time concentration data of each pollutant, the amount of pollutant discharged at each discharge point, and water quality indicators such as dissolved oxygen, pH value, and turbidity. Water quality indicators have an impact on the pollutant removal efficiency and the self-purification capacity of the water body; Assessment of the internal environment carrying capacity, specifically, Determine the pollutant load capacity of the water body: determine the target water quality based on laws, regulations and environmental standards, calculate the total volume V of the water body, and calculate the maximum allowable pollutant load L, L = C standard × V, where C standard is the water quality standard concentration of the pollutant; Calculation of pollutant removal rate: Calculate the natural removal rate of different pollutants in the water body of the basin, which is estimated by monitoring the changes in water quality, that is, the difference in pollutant concentrations in and out of the water body. Specifically, R = C input - C output, where C input and C output are the pollutant concentrations in and out of the water body, respectively. Natural removal rate = (C input - C output) / C input × 100%; Assessment of ecological health: Use biodiversity indices to assess the health of ecosystems, including , where pi is the relative abundance of the i-th organism, S is the total number of species, and, the population size and health status of key aquatic organisms such as fish and insects need to be monitored. If the number of key species decreases or their health is impaired, pollutant emissions need to be reduced; Calculation of water resource balance: Calculate the total amount and available amount of water resources in the basin, including surface water and groundwater resources. Specifically, available water = Q annual average × basin area, and calculate the water resource demand in the basin, including agricultural, industrial and domestic water demand, and calculate the water resource utilization rate, utilization rate = actual demand / available water × 100%.

[0030] Set preliminary discharge standards based on calculated pollutant load capacity, self-purification capacity, ecological health, and water supply and demand, and continuously monitor water quality, self-purification capacity, and ecosystem health to obtain real-time data; If the actual concentration of pollutants exceeds the standard, the emission standards should be adjusted to reduce pollutant emissions. If the ecological health declines, the emission standards need to be adjusted according to the biological health index to protect the ecosystem. For example, if the actual nitrogen emissions in the basin exceed the standard, the allowable nitrogen emissions should be adjusted according to its actual impact: adjusted emissions = current emissions - excess emissions; Dynamically adjusting the daily emission standards of pollutants according to changes in the environmental carrying capacity and water resource utilization in the basin can better adapt to the water environment protection needs under different circumstances and effectively prevent the occurrence of water pollution incidents.

[0031] Step S3: Based on the set daily emission standard for each pollutant, the permissible emission threshold is evenly allocated to each final treatment pool 3, and based on the historical treatment rate of each pollutant in each sewage treatment pool 1, a stepped concentration threshold is formulated for each pollutant in each sewage treatment pool, wherein the concentration threshold of each pollutant in each final treatment pool 3 is specifically , where i represents the number of final treatment pools 3; By evenly distributing the daily emission standard of each pollutant to each final treatment pool 3, an emission concentration threshold is set for each pollutant in each final treatment pool 3, so that the concentration of this pollutant in the final treatment pool 3 can be compared in real time based on this concentration threshold to see if it exceeds the standard. This helps to achieve balanced management of the overall emission volume, avoid local excessive emissions, and effectively manage and control the emission situation of each final treatment pool 3.

[0032] Step S4, taking dynamic water samples of the sewage in the sewage transfer tank 2, detecting the peak value of the pollutant concentration in real time, taking static water samples of each sewage treatment tank 1 and the final treatment tank 3, and detecting the concentration of each pollutant in real time; wherein, the sewage transfer tank 2 is located directly below the sewage outlet 9, and the sewage outlet 9 is the passage opening for the untreated sewage to enter the sewage transfer tank 2. The sewage outlet 9 is arranged directly above the sewage transfer tank 2, and the sewage in the sewage transfer tank 2 is stirred by the gravity of the falling sewage, so as to realize the dynamic water sampling detection of the pollutant concentration in the sewage transfer tank 2, and the pollutant concentration detection in the sewage treatment tank 1 and the final treatment tank 3 is static water sampling compared with the sewage transfer tank 2, and the dynamic water sampling can track the water quality dynamics in real time, and the static water sampling provides stable long-term data, and the combination of the two ensures comprehensive monitoring of water quality; By taking dynamic water samples from the sewage transfer tank 2, the instantaneous changes in the concentration of pollutants in the sewage can be captured in real time, which is crucial for monitoring and evaluating the dynamic changes, sudden peaks and fluctuations of pollutant concentrations in the sewage treatment process. By monitoring dynamic data, such as the sudden increase in the concentration of a certain pollutant, based on the treatment rate of the sewage treatment tank 1 adjacent to the sewage transfer tank 2 for such pollutants, the rate at which the sewage in the sewage transfer tank 2 flows into the sewage treatment tank 1 adjacent to it can be controlled to cope with sudden changes and improve the adaptability and stability of the system; By using static water sampling in the sewage treatment tank 1 and the final treatment tank 3, stable water quality data can be obtained, which reflects the stable concentration of pollutants during and after treatment, and helps to evaluate the balance of the treatment effect, so that the treatment rate of each pollutant in each sewage treatment tank 1 can be accurately calculated. For dynamic water sampling, the rate at which sewage in the sewage transfer tank 2 flows into the adjacent sewage treatment tank 1 can be dynamically adjusted in time according to the treatment rate of pollutants in the adjacent sewage treatment tank 1.

[0033] Based on the detected actual concentration of each pollutant in each sewage treatment pool, it is determined whether the actual concentration of each pollutant in the sewage treatment pool 1 is lower than its concentration threshold. If the actual concentration of the pollutant is higher than its concentration threshold, the flow between the sewage treatment pools 1 is adjusted in real time to reduce the flow to the next sewage treatment pool 1, so that the pollutant can be treated for a longer time in the sewage treatment pool 1, and the concentration of such pollutants is reduced to the maximum extent, ensuring that the actual concentration of each pollutant flowing into the final treatment pool 3 is lower than its concentration threshold; It is necessary to make adjustments based on the excess concentration of pollutant concentration. Specifically, the excess concentration needs to be calculated. Excess concentration = actual concentration - concentration threshold. The flow rate is adjusted based on the excess concentration. Adjusted flow rate = excess amount / sewage treatment capacity × existing flow rate. Among them, sewage treatment capacity refers to the treatment efficiency of sewage treatment pool 1 for such pollutants. Because the concentration of a certain pollutant is higher than the concentration threshold of this pollutant, the flow of sewage from this sewage treatment tank 1 to the next sewage treatment tank 1 is controlled to reduce the flow rate. While ensuring that such pollutants are treated in the sewage treatment tank 1 for a longer time and minimizing the concentration of such pollutants, the concentration of other types of pollutants in the sewage is also greatly reduced, thereby increasing the flow rate of subsequent sewage discharged into the discharge point basin through the final treatment tank 3, while maximizing the sewage discharge volume and ensuring the water environment of the discharge point basin.

[0034] Step S5: Calculate the daily discharge of each final treatment pool 3 based on the actual concentration of each pollutant detected; ensure that the discharge of pollutants does not exceed the environmental carrying capacity or regulatory standards, thereby effectively controlling pollution and protecting water quality; In step S5, the following sub-steps are included: Step S51, installing sensors in several sewage treatment tanks 1, sewage transfer tanks 2 and final treatment tanks 3 at each discharge point, detecting the concentration of each pollutant in each final treatment tank 3 in real time, and transmitting the data detected by the sensors to the real-time water quality monitoring and control system, wherein the sensors include: electrochemical sensors for detecting the concentration of lead and cadmium ions in water; photometric sensors for detecting the concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus in water, and temperature sensors, pressure sensors and flow sensors are installed in each sewage treatment tank 1 and final treatment tank 3; Step S52, recording and storing the real-time concentration data of pollutants in each final treatment pool 3, and cleaning the concentration data to remove abnormal values ​​and noise; Step S53: Based on the concentration data of different pollutants in each final treatment pool 3, the daily discharge of each pollutant is calculated, specifically, ,in, represents the daily discharge of pollutant j in the ith final treatment pool 3, represents the concentration of pollutant j in the ith final treatment pool 3, represents the sewage discharge of the i-th final treatment tank 3; Step S54: Based on the daily discharge of each pollutant in each final treatment pool 3, the total daily discharge of each pollutant in all final treatment pools 3 is calculated, specifically, ,in, Indicates the amount of sewage discharged The total daily discharge of pollutant j in all final treatment pools 3 under .

[0035] Step S6: According to the calculation result of step S5 and the daily emission standard obtained in step S2, an emission control strategy is formulated to control the pollutant emission of each final treatment pool 3 in real time to ensure that the total emission of all pollutants is lower than the daily emission standard of the pollutant; Develop an emissions control strategy, including the following steps: Step S61: Compare the calculated actual daily total amount of the same pollutant discharged from all final treatment pools 3 with the daily discharge standard of such pollutants to ensure that Less than or equal to ; Step S62: Based on Less than or equal to , using the formula Calculate the daily discharge allowed for each final treatment pool 3; Step S63, the real-time water quality monitoring and control system controls the sewage discharge rate of the final treatment pool 3 according to the obtained daily discharge value, to ensure that the sewage discharge of the final treatment pool 3 in one day is equal to the allowed daily discharge.

[0036] By real-time monitoring and calculation, it is ensured that the daily discharge of each pollutant does not exceed the set standard, thereby ensuring the compliance and legality of the discharge activities and preventing water pollution problems caused by excessive discharge. Specifically, by comparing the actual daily discharge volume with the discharge standard, it is confirmed that the discharge volume of all pollutants meets the daily discharge standard, then the allowable daily discharge volume of each final treatment pool 3 is calculated, and the sewage discharge speed is adjusted through sub-step S63 to ensure that the actual discharge volume is consistent with the allowable value; In addition, the real-time adjustment mechanism significantly optimizes the sewage treatment process, allowing each final treatment tank 3 to maximize its sewage discharge while keeping the pollutant concentration below the threshold; this optimization not only improves the efficiency of the sewage treatment facilities, but also improves the treatment capacity of the overall system, thereby improving water quality. The ability to dynamically adjust the discharge volume enables the system to respond to changes in environmental conditions and water quality, ensuring continued environmental protection and sustainable use of water resources.

[0037] It is worth noting that in the use of the above method, by establishing a real-time water quality monitoring and control system, the water quality of each discharge point basin, including the content of various pollutants, can be detected in real time, achieving accurate monitoring of pollutants and providing timely and accurate data support for subsequent pollutant emission control; By regularly assessing the environmental carrying capacity of the basin and dynamically adjusting the daily emission standards of pollutants according to changes in the environmental carrying capacity and water resource utilization in the basin, it can better adapt to the water environment protection needs under different circumstances and effectively prevent the occurrence of water pollution incidents; Based on the set daily emission standard for each pollutant, the allowable emission threshold is evenly allocated to each final treatment pool 3, and the concentration threshold of each pollutant in the final treatment pool 3 is obtained. By evenly allocating the daily emission standard of each pollutant to each final treatment pool 3, the emission concentration threshold is set for each pollutant in each final treatment pool 3, so that the concentration of this pollutant in the final treatment pool 3 can be compared in real time according to the concentration threshold to see if it exceeds the standard, which is helpful to achieve balanced management of the overall emission, avoid local excessive emission, and effectively manage and control the emission of each final treatment pool 3; Based on the concentration threshold set for each pollutant, under the premise of ensuring that the pollutant concentration in each final treatment tank 3 is lower than the concentration threshold, the flow rate of sewage from this sewage treatment tank 1 to the next sewage treatment tank 1 is controlled to reduce the flow rate. While ensuring that such pollutants are treated in the sewage treatment tank 1 for a long time and the concentration of such pollutants is minimized, the concentration of other types of pollutants in the sewage is also greatly reduced, thereby increasing the flow rate of subsequent sewage discharged into the discharge point basin through the final treatment tank 3, and through real-time detection of pollutants in each final treatment tank 3 and comparison with the set daily pollutant emission standard, it is ensured that the daily emission of each pollutant is less than or equal to its daily emission standard, and then the sewage emission of each final treatment tank 3 is dynamically controlled, so that under the premise that the pollutant emission is less than or equal to the daily emission standard, the sewage emission of each final treatment tank 3 is maximized, further increasing the sewage emission, and effectively protecting the quality of the water environment.

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, a real-time water quality monitoring and control system includes: a detection module, a data processing module, a control strategy generation module, an evaluation module, a control module, and a signal transmission module; Detection module, used to detect the concentration of various pollutants in water, the flow rate and flow of sewage, and measure water quality parameters such as pH value, dissolved oxygen, and temperature; The signal transmission module transmits the collected data to the data processing module via the wireless network; Data processing module, used to calculate the actual concentration and emission of pollutants; Control strategy generation module, which formulates pollutant emission control strategies based on data analysis results; The control module includes: a flow control unit and a discharge regulating unit; the flow control unit is used to adjust the flow between sewage treatment tanks, and the discharge regulating unit controls the discharge amount of the final treatment tank to ensure compliance with the permitted discharge threshold; The assessment module evaluates the environmental carrying capacity and water resource utilization of each area in the basin and determines the daily emission standards for each pollutant.

[0039] like Figure 3 As shown, a water pollutant discharge control device includes: a plurality of sewage treatment components, and a control component for controlling the sewage discharge, The sewage treatment component includes: a plurality of sewage treatment pools 1 connected in sequence, and a sewage transfer pool 2 connected at the head end of the plurality of sewage treatment pools 1 connected in sequence, and a final treatment pool 3 connected at the tail end; the sewage transfer pool 2 and the final treatment pool 3 are both connected to the adjacent sewage treatment pool 1, the sewage transfer pool 2 is located below the sewage discharge port 4, and sensors are installed in the sewage transfer pool 2 and the final treatment pool 3, as well as the plurality of sewage treatment pools 1, to detect the concentration of pollutants in the sewage in real time; The sensors include: electrochemical sensors for detecting the concentration of lead and cadmium ions in water; photometric sensors for detecting the concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus in water, and temperature sensors, pressure sensors, and flow sensors are installed in each sewage treatment tank 1 and final treatment tank 3; The final treatment tank 3 is provided with a water outlet 5, and a solenoid valve 4 is provided in the water outlet 5 to control the flow of the water outlet 5. The solenoid valve 4 is provided between the sewage transfer tank 2, the final treatment tank 3, and the sewage treatment tank 1; It should be noted that the inner wall bottom surfaces of the sewage transfer tank 2 , the sewage treatment tank 1 , and the final treatment tank 3 are lowered successively, so that sewage can flow from the sewage transfer tank 2 to the sewage treatment tank 1 and the final treatment tank 3 successively.

[0040] like Figure 4 As shown, in the present invention, the sewage transfer tank comprises: a body 7 having a water inlet 6, a drain outlet 8 and a sewage outlet 9, and a flow disturbance component arranged in the body 7; the water inlet 6 is connected to the sewage outlet 4, and the drain outlet 8 is connected to the adjacent sewage treatment tank 1; A partition plate 10 is provided inside the body 7, and the partition plate 10 divides the inside of the body 7 into a water inlet space 11 and a drainage space 12 located below the water inlet space 11. The water inlet 6 is connected to the water inlet space 11, so that the water flow entering the water inlet space 11 generates a vortex, and the spoiler component is located in the water inlet space 11; Among them, a separation pipe 13 and a sewage pipe 14 that are interconnected are arranged in the drainage space 12, a circular groove is opened at the center position of the partition plate 10, the separation pipe 13 is connected with the drainage space 12 through the circular groove, and the sewage pipe 14 is connected with the sewage outlet 9; the separation pipe 13 is opened with a plurality of leakage grooves 15, so that the sewage in the separation pipe 13 is separated into the drainage space 12 through the leakage grooves 15.

[0041] When the sewage is treated by the sewage treatment component, the sewage flows into the sewage transfer tank 2 through the sewage discharge port 4 and the water inlet 6, and generates eddy currents in the water inlet space 11, so that the sensor detects the flowing sewage and realizes dynamic water sampling, so as to capture the instantaneous changes in the concentration of pollutants in the sewage in real time. The eddy-shaped sewage enters the drainage space 12, and is separated into the drainage space 12 through the separation pipe 13 through the leakage groove 15, and the impurities in the sewage are separated. The sewage after the impurities are separated enters the adjacent sewage treatment tank 1 through the drainage port 8 for sewage treatment.

[0042] In the present invention, in order to avoid the spiral vortex-shaped sewage from being too high, a spoiler component is provided, which is used to suppress the trend of the spiral vortex height rising in the water inlet space 11, and the spoiler component includes: a plurality of first spoiler blocks 16 and a plurality of second spoiler blocks 17; the plurality of first spoiler blocks 16 are located below the plurality of second spoiler blocks 17, and the plurality of first spoiler blocks 16 and the plurality of second spoiler blocks 17 are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the main body 7; the spiral vortex of the sewage is disturbed by the first spoiler blocks 16, the uniformity of the vortex rotation is disturbed, the energy of the vortex is further dispersed, the height and intensity of the vortex are reduced, which not only effectively suppresses the vortex from continuing to increase, but also makes the dynamic water sampling effect of the sewage better; by providing the second spoiler blocks 17, the height of the spiral vortex is further limited, the height and intensity of the vortex are further reduced, and the water pressure inside the sewage transfer tank 2 is avoided from being too high.

[0043] The above is based on the ideal embodiment of the present invention. Through the above description, relevant personnel can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content in the specification, and the technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for controlling water pollutant emissions based on water environment quality, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, establish a real-time water quality monitoring and control system, conduct real-time detection of the watershed of each discharge point, identify and record the content of various pollutants, establish several groups of sewage treatment systems at each discharge point, each group of sewage treatment systems has several sewage treatment pools connected in sequence, and a sewage transfer pool connected at the head end of the several sewage treatment pools connected in sequence, and a final treatment pool connected at the tail end; Step S2: According to the environmental carrying capacity and water resource utilization of each area in the basin, a dynamic adjustment mechanism for emission standards is established, and the differentiated daily emission standards for each pollutant are set as , represents the daily emission standard of pollutant j; Step S3: Based on the set daily emission standard for each pollutant, evenly distribute the allowable emission threshold for each final treatment pool, and based on the historical treatment rate of each pollutant in each sewage treatment pool, formulate a stepped concentration threshold for each pollutant in each sewage treatment pool; Step S4, taking dynamic water samples of the sewage in the sewage transfer tank to detect the peak value of the pollutant concentration in real time, taking static water samples of each sewage treatment tank and the final treatment tank to detect the concentration of each pollutant in real time, judging whether the actual concentration of each pollutant in each sewage treatment tank is lower than its concentration threshold value based on the detected actual concentration of each pollutant, and adjusting the flow between the sewage treatment tanks in real time according to the judgment result to ensure that the actual concentration of each pollutant flowing into the final treatment tank is lower than the discharge threshold value; Step S5, calculating the daily discharge of each final treatment pool based on the actual concentration of each pollutant detected in the final treatment pool; Step S6: According to the calculation result of step S5 and the daily emission standard obtained in step S2, an emission control strategy is formulated to control the pollutant emission of each final treatment pool in real time to ensure that the total emission of all pollutants is lower than the daily emission standard of the pollutant.

2. The method for controlling water pollutant discharge based on water environment quality according to claim 1 is characterized by: In step S1, various pollutants include: lead, cadmium, nitrogen, and phosphorus.

3. The method for controlling water pollutant discharge based on water environment quality according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, a dynamic adjustment mechanism for emission standards is established, including the following steps: Step S21, regularly collect water quality monitoring data in the basin of each discharge point, including key indicators of concentration and discharge of various pollutants; Step S22: regularly assess the environmental carrying capacity of the watershed, including changes in water body self-purification capacity, ecological sensitivity, and water resource supply and demand; Step S23: dynamically adjust the daily emission standards based on the environmental carrying capacity of the watershed.

4. The method for controlling water pollutant discharge based on water environment quality according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S5, the following sub-steps are included: Step S51, installing sensors in several sewage treatment tanks, sewage transfer tanks and final treatment tanks at each discharge point, detecting the concentration of each pollutant in each sewage treatment tank, sewage transfer tank and final treatment tank in real time, and transmitting the data detected by the sensors to the real-time water quality monitoring and control system; Step S52, recording and storing the real-time concentration data of pollutants in each final treatment pool, and cleaning the concentration data to remove abnormal values ​​and noise; Step S53: Calculate the daily discharge of each pollutant based on the concentration data of different pollutants in each final treatment pool, specifically, ,in, represents the daily discharge of pollutant j in the ith final treatment pool, represents the concentration of pollutant j in the ith final treatment tank, represents the sewage discharge of the ith final treatment tank; Step S54: Based on the daily discharge of each pollutant in each final treatment pool, the total daily discharge of each pollutant in all final treatment pools is calculated, specifically, ,in, Indicates the amount of sewage discharged The total daily discharge of pollutant j in all final treatment pools under .

5. The method for controlling water pollutant discharge based on water environment quality according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S6, the emission control strategy is formulated, including the following steps: Step S61: Compare the calculated actual daily total amount of the same pollutant discharged from all final treatment pools with the daily discharge standard of such pollutants to ensure that Less than or equal to ; Step S62: Based on Less than or equal to , using the formula Calculate the daily discharge allowed for each final treatment pond; Step S63, the real-time water quality monitoring and control system controls the sewage discharge rate of the final treatment pool according to the obtained daily discharge value, to ensure that the sewage discharge of the final treatment pool in one day is equal to the allowed daily discharge.

6. A water quality real-time monitoring and control system, comprising: Detection module, data processing module, control strategy generation module, evaluation module, control module, signal transmission module; characterized in that; The detection module is used to detect the concentration of various pollutants in the water, the flow rate and flow of sewage, and measure the water quality parameters such as pH value, dissolved oxygen and temperature; The signal transmission module transmits the collected data to the data processing module via a wireless network; The data processing module is used to calculate the actual concentration and emission of pollutants; The control strategy generation module formulates a pollutant emission control strategy based on the data analysis results; The control module includes: a flow control unit and a discharge regulating unit; the flow control unit is used to adjust the flow between sewage treatment tanks, and the discharge regulating unit controls the discharge amount of the final treatment tank to ensure that it meets the allowed discharge threshold; The evaluation module evaluates the environmental carrying capacity and water resource utilization of each area in the basin and determines the daily emission standard for each pollutant.

7. A water pollutant discharge control device, comprising: A plurality of sewage treatment components and a control component for controlling the amount of sewage discharged, characterized in that: The sewage treatment component includes: a plurality of sewage treatment tanks connected in sequence, a sewage transfer tank connected at the head end of the plurality of sewage treatment tanks connected in sequence, and a final treatment tank connected at the tail end; the sewage transfer tank and the final treatment tank are both connected to the adjacent sewage treatment tanks, the sewage transfer tank is located below the sewage discharge port, and sensors are installed in the sewage transfer tank, the final treatment tank, and the plurality of sewage treatment tanks to detect the concentration of pollutants in the sewage in real time; The final treatment pool is provided with a water outlet, and a solenoid valve is provided in the water outlet to control the flow rate of the water outlet.

8. A water pollutant discharge control device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sewage transfer tank comprises: a body having a water inlet, a drain outlet and a sewage outlet, and a flow-disturbing component arranged in the body; A partition plate is provided inside the main body, and the partition plate divides the interior of the main body into a water inlet space and a drainage space located below the water inlet space. The water inlet is connected to the water inlet space so that the water flow entering the water inlet space generates a vortex, and the spoiler component is located in the water inlet space.

9. A water pollutant discharge control device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The drainage space is provided with a separation pipe and a sewage pipe which are interconnected. A circular groove is provided at the center of the partition plate. The separation pipe is connected to the drainage space through the circular groove, and the sewage pipe is connected to the sewage outlet. The separation pipe is provided with a plurality of leakage grooves so that the water in the separation pipe is separated into the drainage space through the leakage grooves.

10. A water pollutant discharge control device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The spoiler assembly is used to suppress the tendency of the spiral vortex height rising in the water inlet space, and the spoiler assembly includes: a plurality of first spoiler blocks and a plurality of second spoiler blocks; the plurality of first spoiler blocks are located below the plurality of second spoiler blocks, and the plurality of first spoiler blocks and the plurality of second spoiler blocks are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the main body.

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