High-efficiency 4: 1 switched capacitor converter topology circuit

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-efficiency 4: 1 switched capacitor converter topology circuit. According to the invention, fourteen switching tubes and four flying capacitors are adopted to design a switched capacitor converter topology circuit. The input direct-current voltage source Vin of the topological circuit can be interchanged with the load unit, so that the topological circuit can be used as a buck converter and a boost converter. When the buck converter is used, the relation between the output voltage and the input voltage can be expressed as Vout = Vin / 4; when the boost converter is used, the relation between the output voltage and the input voltage can be expressed as Vout = 4Vin, Vout is the output voltage, and Vin is the input voltage. The topology circuit provided by the invention has relatively high converter conversion efficiency, the number of switches is relatively small, and the cost is relatively low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to a switched capacitor converter in the technical field of power electronics, and in particular relates to a high-efficiency 4:1 switched capacitor converter topology circuit. Background Art

[0002] As the demand for DC conversion of electric energy in various links becomes increasingly prominent, the performance requirements and application scenarios of DC converters become more diverse. The switched capacitor converter (SCC) is a branch of the DC-DC converter. The only power transmission element in the switched capacitor converter is the capacitor, which can achieve high-gain voltage conversion through reasonable structural design. The switched capacitor eliminates magnetic components such as inductors and transformers, and can achieve high-frequency operation of the circuit at switching frequencies of hundreds of kilohertz or even megahertz. Therefore, SCC has the advantages of high integration, high power density, and low electromagnetic interference.

[0003] In recent years, SCC has been widely used in various industrial fields such as milliwatt-level chip power supply, hundred-watt-level mobile phone fast charging, kilowatt-level data center, and hundred-kilowatt-level electric vehicles due to its small size and high efficiency.

[0004] The 4:1 switched capacitor converter can meet the design requirements of increasing charging power in portable devices while avoiding battery series connection. Therefore, the 4:1 switched capacitor converter topology used in portable devices has been widely studied. The 4:1 switched capacitor converter can produce a large number of different topologies through different combinations and connections of components. The efficiency and cost of different topologies vary greatly, and there are many topologies with poor performance. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a converter topology circuit that can both improve system efficiency and reduce costs. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems and needs in the background technology, the present invention provides a high-efficiency 4:1 switched capacitor converter topology circuit. The switched capacitor converter topology circuit proposed in the present invention has excellent performance and can solve the demand for high-efficiency topology in application scenarios.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions to solve the above technical problems:

[0007] 1. A high-efficiency 4:1 switched capacitor converter topology circuit

[0008] The switch capacitor converter topology circuit includes a connected front-stage switch capacitor unit and a load unit, wherein the front-stage switch capacitor unit includes a first switch tube Q1, a second switch tube Q2, a third switch tube Q3, a fourth switch tube Q4, a fifth switch tube Q5, a sixth switch tube Q6, a seventh switch tube Q7, an eighth switch tube Q8, a ninth switch tube Q9, a tenth switch tube Q 10, the eleventh switch tube Q 11 , the twelfth switch tube Q 12 、Thirteenth switch tube Q 13 , the fourteenth switch tube Q 14 , a first flying capacitor C1, a second flying capacitor C2, a third flying capacitor C3 and a fourth flying capacitor C4; the drain of the first switch tube Q1 is connected to the drain of the second switch tube Q2 and the connection point between the two is recorded as a first external port, and an input voltage V is formed at the first external port in , input DC voltage source V in The positive electrode is connected to the first external port, and the DC voltage source V in The negative electrode of the second switch tube Q2 is grounded, the source of the second switch tube Q2 is connected to the drain of the fourth switch tube Q4 and one end of the first flying capacitor C1, the other end of the first flying capacitor C1 is connected to the source of the fifth switch tube Q5 and the drain of the ninth switch tube Q9, the drain of the fifth switch tube Q5 is connected to the source of the third switch tube Q3, the drain of the sixth switch tube Q6 and one end of the second flying capacitor C2, the other end of the second flying capacitor C2 is connected to the source of the ninth switch tube Q9, the drain of the fifth switch tube Q5 is connected to the source of the third switch tube Q3, the drain of the sixth switch tube Q6 and one end of the second flying capacitor C2, 10 The source and the thirteenth switch tube Q 13 The drain of the thirteenth switch tube Q 13 The source of the first switch tube Q1 is connected to the drain of the third switch tube Q3 and one end of the fourth flying capacitor C4, and the other end of the fourth flying capacitor C4 is connected to the source of the eighth switch tube Q8 and the drain of the twelfth switch tube Q 12 The drain of the eighth switch tube Q8 is connected to the source of the fourth switch tube Q4, the drain of the seventh switch tube Q7 and one end of the third flying capacitor C3, and the other end of the third flying capacitor C3 is connected to the eleventh switch tube Q 11 The source of the twelfth switch tube Q 12 The source and the fourteenth switch tube Q 14 The drain of the fourteenth switch tube Q 14 The source of the sixth switch tube Q6, the source of the seventh switch tube Q7, and the source of the tenth switch tube Q 10 The drain of the eleventh switch tube Q 11 The drain of the load unit is connected to the second external port, and the connection point is recorded as the second external port. The second external port is connected to one end of the load unit, and the other end of the load unit is grounded. An output voltage V is formed between the second external port and the ground. out , output voltage V out and input voltage V in Between V out =V in / 4.

[0009] The load unit includes a parallel output capacitor C out and load RL ; Output capacitor C out One end and the load R L One end of each is connected to the second external port, and the output capacitor C out The other end and the load R L The other ends are grounded.

[0010] The high-efficiency 4:1 switched capacitor converter topology circuit includes two operating modes;

[0011] When the first switch tube Q1, the fourth switch tube Q4, the sixth switch tube Q6, the eighth switch tube Q8, the ninth switch tube Q9, and the eleventh switch tube Q 11 、Thirteenth switch tube Q 13 When the switch tubes are turned on and the other switch tubes are turned off, the switched capacitor converter topology circuit operates in the first working mode;

[0012] When the second switch tube Q2, the third switch tube Q3, the fifth switch tube Q5, the seventh switch tube Q7, the tenth switch tube Q 10 , the twelfth switch tube Q 12 , the fourteenth switch tube Q 14 When the switch tube is turned on and the other switch tubes are turned off, the switched capacitor converter topology circuit operates in the second operating mode.

[0013] The load unit and the input DC voltage source V in The first external port is connected to the load unit, and the second external port is connected to the input DC voltage source V in connected, the output voltage V out and input voltage V in Between V out =4V in .

[0014] 2. A circuit board

[0015] The circuit board includes a high-efficiency 4:1 switched capacitor converter topology circuit.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The topology proposed in the present invention has a higher converter conversion efficiency and a smaller number of switches.

[0018] 2. The topology described in the present invention can be used as a buck converter or a boost converter. The input DC voltage source V in When a buck converter is used, the relationship between the output voltage and the input voltage can be expressed as V out =V in / 4; When the boost converter is used, the relationship between the output voltage and the input voltage can be expressed as V out =4V in . BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a high-efficiency 4:1 switched capacitor converter topology circuit proposed by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the first working mode of the high-efficiency 4:1 switched capacitor converter proposed by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the second working mode of the high-efficiency 4:1 switched capacitor converter proposed by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings of the specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary persons in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a high-efficiency 4:1 switch capacitor converter topology circuit. The switch capacitor converter topology circuit includes a front-stage switch capacitor unit and a load unit, and the front-stage switch capacitor unit and the load unit are connected; the front-stage switch capacitor unit of the high-efficiency 4:1 switch capacitor converter topology circuit includes an input DC voltage source V in , the first switch tube Q1, the second switch tube Q2, the third switch tube Q3, the fourth switch tube Q4, the fifth switch tube Q5, the sixth switch tube Q6, the seventh switch tube Q7, the eighth switch tube Q8, the ninth switch tube Q9, the tenth switch tube Q 10 , the eleventh switch tube Q 11 , the twelfth switch tube Q 12 、Thirteenth switch tube Q 13 , the fourteenth switch tube Q 14 , a first flying capacitor C1, a second flying capacitor C2, a third flying capacitor C3 and a fourth flying capacitor C4; the load unit includes an output capacitor C out and load R L ; Input DC voltage source V in The negative pole is connected to the ground, and the input DC voltage source V inThe positive electrode is connected to the drain of the first switch tube Q1 and the drain of the second switch tube Q2, the source of the second switch tube Q2 is connected to the drain of the fourth switch tube Q4 and one end of the first flying capacitor C1, the other end of the first flying capacitor C1 is connected to the source of the fifth switch tube Q5 and the drain of the ninth switch tube Q9, the drain of the fifth switch tube Q5 is connected to the source of the third switch tube Q3, the drain of the sixth switch tube Q6 and one end of the second flying capacitor C2, the other end of the second flying capacitor C2 is connected to the source of the ninth switch tube Q9, the drain of the fifth switch tube Q5 is connected to the source of the third switch tube Q3, the drain of the sixth switch tube Q6 and one end of the second flying capacitor C2, the other end of the second flying capacitor C2 is connected to the source of the ninth switch tube Q9, the drain of the sixth switch tube Q9 and the drain of the sixth switch tube Q10. 10 The source and the thirteenth switch tube Q 13 The drain of the thirteenth switch tube Q 13 The source of the first switch tube Q1 is connected to the drain of the third switch tube Q3 and one end of the fourth flying capacitor C4, and the other end of the fourth flying capacitor C4 is connected to the source of the eighth switch tube Q8 and the drain of the twelfth switch tube Q 12 The drain of the eighth switch tube Q8 is connected to the source of the fourth switch tube Q4, the drain of the seventh switch tube Q7 and one end of the third flying capacitor C3, and the other end of the third flying capacitor C3 is connected to the eleventh switch tube Q 11 The source of the twelfth switch tube Q 12 The source and the fourteenth switch tube Q 14 The drain of the fourteenth switch tube Q 14 The source of the sixth switch tube Q6, the source of the seventh switch tube Q7, and the source of the tenth switch tube Q 10 The drain of the eleventh switch tube Q 11 The drain and output capacitor C out One end and load R L One end is connected to the output capacitor C out With load R L In parallel, the output capacitor C out The other end and the load R L The other end is connected to ground.

[0024] The 4:1 switched capacitor converter topology circuit includes two operating modes, wherein the two operating modes include a first operating mode and a second operating mode;

[0025] like Figure 2 As shown, in the high-efficiency 4:1 switched capacitor converter topology circuit, in the first working mode, the first switch tube Q1, the fourth switch tube Q4, the sixth switch tube Q6, the eighth switch tube Q8, the ninth switch tube Q9, and the eleventh switch tube Q 11 、Thirteenth switch tube Q 13 The third flying capacitor C3 and the fourth flying capacitor C4 are charged, and the first flying capacitor C1 and the second flying capacitor C2 are discharged;

[0026] like Figure 3 As shown, in the high-efficiency 4:1 switched capacitor converter topology circuit, in the second working mode, the second switch tube Q2, the third switch tube Q3, the fifth switch tube Q5, the seventh switch tube Q7, and the tenth switch tube Q 10 , the twelfth switch tube Q 12 , the fourteenth switch tube Q 14 The first flying capacitor C1 and the second flying capacitor C2 are charged, and the third flying capacitor C3 and the fourth flying capacitor C4 are discharged.

[0027] The relationship between the output voltage and input voltage of the high-efficiency 4:1 switched capacitor converter topology circuit can be expressed as V out =V in / 4, where V out is the output voltage, V in is the input voltage.

[0028] High efficiency 4:1 switched capacitor converter topology circuit with input DC voltage source V in The output and input voltage of the corresponding switched capacitor converter can be expressed as V out =4V in , where V out is the output voltage, V in is the input voltage.

[0029] In order to verify the effectiveness and high efficiency of the proposed circuit topology, the proposed switched capacitor converter was simulated in MATLAB software and a simulation model was built. The parameters are shown in Table 1:

[0030] Table 1 is the simulation circuit parameter table of the switched capacitor converter

[0031]

[0032] The parameter values ​​of unit flying capacitance, capacitor equivalent series resistance, switch on resistance, and branch parasitic inductance in Table 1 are for unit devices. The voltage stress of each unit device is the same, and its magnitude is the greatest common factor of the circuit input and output voltages. When the actual device voltage stress is a multiple of the greatest common factor, the parameter value of the actual device is the equivalent series value of the unit devices with the multiple value.

[0033] The efficiency is obtained by simulation calculation, and its efficiency is simulated and compared with the traditional 4:1 switched capacitor converter topology, and the results are shown in Table 2. It can be seen from Table 2 that the topology circuit proposed in the present invention has a higher converter conversion efficiency.

[0034] Table 2 is a comparison table of efficiency simulations of the circuit of the present invention and the existing circuit

[0035]

[0036] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments and explanations are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope disclosed in the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency 4:1 switched capacitor converter topology circuit, characterized in that: The switch capacitor converter topology circuit includes a connected front-stage switch capacitor unit and a load unit, wherein the front-stage switch capacitor unit includes a first switch tube Q1, a second switch tube Q2, a third switch tube Q3, a fourth switch tube Q4, a fifth switch tube Q5, a sixth switch tube Q6, a seventh switch tube Q7, an eighth switch tube Q8, a ninth switch tube Q9, a tenth switch tube Q 10 , Eleventh switch tube Q 11 , the twelfth switch tube Q 12 、Thirteenth switch tube Q 13 , the fourteenth switch tube Q 14 , a first flying capacitor C1, a second flying capacitor C2, a third flying capacitor C3 and a fourth flying capacitor C4; the drain of the first switch tube Q1 is connected to the drain of the second switch tube Q2 and the connection point between the two is recorded as a first external port, and an input voltage V is formed at the first external port in , input DC voltage source V in The positive electrode of the second switch tube Q2 is connected to the first external port, the source of the second switch tube Q2 is connected to the drain of the fourth switch tube Q4 and one end of the first flying capacitor C1, the other end of the first flying capacitor C1 is connected to the source of the fifth switch tube Q5 and the drain of the ninth switch tube Q9, the drain of the fifth switch tube Q5 is connected to the source of the third switch tube Q3, the drain of the sixth switch tube Q6 and one end of the second flying capacitor C2, the other end of the second flying capacitor C2 is connected to the source of the ninth switch tube Q9, the drain of the fifth switch tube Q5 is connected to the source of the third switch tube Q3, the drain of the sixth switch tube Q6 and one end of the second flying capacitor C2, the other end of the second flying capacitor C2 is connected to the source of the ninth switch tube Q9, the drain of the sixth switch tube Q9 and the drain of the sixth switch tube Q10. 10 The source and the thirteenth switch tube Q 13 The drain of the thirteenth switch tube Q 13 The source of the first switch tube Q1 is connected to the drain of the third switch tube Q3 and one end of the fourth flying capacitor C4, and the other end of the fourth flying capacitor C4 is connected to the source of the eighth switch tube Q8 and the drain of the twelfth switch tube Q 12 The drain of the eighth switch tube Q8 is connected to the source of the fourth switch tube Q4, the drain of the seventh switch tube Q7 and one end of the third flying capacitor C3, and the other end of the third flying capacitor C3 is connected to the eleventh switch tube Q 11 The source of the twelfth switch tube Q 12 The source and the fourteenth switch tube Q 14 The drain of the fourteenth switch tube Q 14 The source of the sixth switch tube Q6, the source of the seventh switch tube Q7, and the source of the tenth switch tube Q 10 The drain of the eleventh switch tube Q 11 The drain of the load unit is connected to the second external port, and the connection point is recorded as the second external port. The second external port is connected to one end of the load unit, and the other end of the load unit is grounded. An output voltage V is formed between the second external port and the ground. out , output voltage V out and input voltage V in Between V out =V in / 4.

2. A high-efficiency 4:1 switched capacitor converter topology circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-efficiency 4:1 switched capacitor converter topology circuit includes two operating modes; When the first switch tube Q1, the fourth switch tube Q4, the sixth switch tube Q6, the eighth switch tube Q8, the ninth switch tube Q9, and the eleventh switch tube Q 11 、Thirteenth switch tube Q 13 When the switch tubes are turned on and the other switch tubes are turned off, the switched capacitor converter topology circuit operates in the first working mode; When the second switch tube Q2, the third switch tube Q3, the fifth switch tube Q5, the seventh switch tube Q7, the tenth switch tube Q 10 , the twelfth switch tube Q 12 , the fourteenth switch tube Q 14 When the switch tube is turned on and the other switch tubes are turned off, the switched capacitor converter topology circuit operates in the second operating mode.

3. A high-efficiency 4:1 switched capacitor converter topology circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The load unit and the input DC voltage source V in The first external port is connected to the load unit, and the second external port is connected to the input DC voltage source V in connected, the output voltage V out and input voltage V in Between V out =4V in .

4. A high-efficiency 4:1 switched capacitor converter topology circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The load unit includes a parallel output capacitor C out and load R L ; Output capacitor C out One end and load R L One end of each is connected to the second external port, and the output capacitor C out The other end and the load R L The other ends are grounded.

5. A circuit board, characterized in that: The circuit board includes a high-efficiency 4:1 switched capacitor converter topology circuit as described in claim 1.

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