Sugarcane field residual film recycling, intertillage and ridging combined machine and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and discloses a sugarcane field residual film recycling, intertilling, ridging and fertilizing combined machine and a using method thereof, the sugarcane field residual film recycling, intertilling, ridging and fertilizing combined machine comprises a rack and land wheels arranged at the bottom of the rack; a hilling mechanism is arranged on one side of the bottom of the machine frame, a hilling guiding mechanism is arranged on one side of the hilling mechanism, a film lifting mechanism is arranged on the other side of the hilling mechanism, a covering soil removing mechanism is arranged on the inner side of the film lifting mechanism, a hanging mechanism is arranged on the top of the film lifting mechanism, and a residual film winding mechanism is arranged on one side of the hanging mechanism. A fertilizing mechanism is arranged on the side, away from the hanging mechanism, of the residual film recycling mechanism, the film lifting mechanism comprises a mounting frame, a profiling connecting rod arranged on the mounting frame and a film lifting shovel connected to the end, away from the mounting frame, of the profiling connecting rod, and a connecting cross beam is arranged at the end, away from the profiling connecting rod, of the film lifting shovel; and a depth limiting spring is arranged between the top of the connecting cross beam and the mounting frame and is used for limiting the distance of the film lifting shovel extending to the stratum.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to a combined machine for collecting residual film from a sugarcane field and cultivating and soiling, and a method for using the machine. Background Art

[0002] Mulch film covering has the functions of warming, moisture conservation, and weed suppression. It can effectively improve the yield and quality of sugarcane, and has obvious yield-increasing effects and significant economic benefits. Since its promotion in my country, the area of ​​mulch film covering has grown rapidly. At present, the production and use of mulch film are ranked first in the world. However, due to the emphasis on use and neglect of recycling, the problem of residual pollution of mulch film has become increasingly serious, and has become a prominent problem restricting the green and sustainable development of agriculture. At present, the types of residual film recycling machines mainly include pre-sowing residual film recycling machines, seedling residual film recycling machines, and autumn residual film recycling machines. Pre-sowing residual film recycling operations are residual film recycling operations carried out after land preparation and before sowing. At this time, the residual film is mainly in the form of fragments and distributed in the tillage layer. The pre-sowing residual film recycling machine mainly recycles the old residual film in the tillage layer in previous years, mainly in the form of raking and tying films; the autumn residual film recycling machine recycles the waste mulch film remaining in the soil after the autumn crops are harvested. In autumn, the residual film of the year is recycled. The mulch film is bonded to the soil, and the mulch film is severely damaged, easy to entangle and adhere to the machine, which increases the difficulty of recycling. In addition, due to the vast territory of my country, the scattered agricultural land and the great differences in the environment, climate, soil, humidity, agronomic level, planting conditions, etc. in various places, although my country has extensive research on residual film recycling machines, there are many types, complex structures, and single applicability. Most residual film recycling machines are pre-sowing residual film recycling and post-autumn residual film recycling methods. Although these two types of residual film recycling methods are relatively mature in domestic research, they are not suitable for residual film recycling in sugarcane fields. When the film is removed during the seedling stage, due to the short use time of the film, the film is relatively easy to recover at this time, mainly by rolling up, but there are mechanical injuries to the seedlings when the film is removed during the seedling stage, and because the domestic film is relatively thin, the film often breaks during the recycling operation, resulting in low work efficiency. A small amount of research has been conducted on residual film recycling machines in the seedling stage for crops such as corn and tobacco leaves, and there has been no report on the launch of relatively mature models.

[0003] my country's sugarcane planting area reaches 22 million mu, but the recycling of residual mulch in sugarcane fields is still in the current state of "no organic use". Due to the shortage of labor and high cost of manual recycling, no one recycles the mulch in sugarcane fields, causing serious pollution of residual mulch in sugarcane fields. The damage caused by residual mulch to soil structure is becoming more and more serious, affecting the development of crop roots. The sustainable development of sugarcane planting industry is seriously threatened by residual mulch. Therefore, the present invention was born. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application provides a combined machine for recovering residual film in a sugarcane field and cultivating soil, and a method for using the machine, in order to solve the problems in the background technology.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a combined operation machine for recovering residual film in a sugarcane field, cultivating, and fertilizing, comprising: a frame and a ground wheel arranged at the bottom of the frame; a soil-raising mechanism is arranged on one side of the bottom of the frame, a soil-raising guide mechanism is arranged on one side of the soil-raising mechanism, a film-lifting mechanism is arranged on the other side of the soil-lifting mechanism, a soil-removing mechanism is arranged on the inner side of the film-lifting mechanism, a hanging mechanism is arranged on the top of the film-lifting mechanism, a residual film winding mechanism is arranged on one side of the hanging mechanism, and a fertilizing mechanism is arranged on the side of the residual film recovery mechanism away from the hanging mechanism, the film-lifting mechanism comprises a mounting frame, a contour connecting rod arranged on the mounting frame, and a film-lifting shovel connected to one end of the contour connecting rod away from the mounting frame, a connecting crossbeam is arranged on the end of the film-lifting shovel away from the contour connecting rod, a limited depth spring is arranged between the top of the connecting crossbeam and the mounting frame, and the depth-limiting spring is used to limit the distance that the film-lifting shovel extends to the formation.

[0006] In some embodiments of the present application, the residual film recovery mechanism includes a column fixed on the frame, a film roll frame connected to the column, a rotating frame arranged at the other end of the film roll frame, and a rotating shaft arranged between the column and the rotating frame. The film roll frame and the rotating frame are connected by a rotating fastener, a detachable film roll drum is arranged on the rotating shaft, and a telescopic hydraulic cylinder is arranged at the bottom of the film roll frame, and the telescopic end of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the rotating frame.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present application, the fertilization mechanism includes a support frame, a fertilizer box arranged in the support frame, a rotary scraper type fertilizer dispenser arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer box, and fertilization nozzles arranged on both sides of the rotary scraper type fertilizer dispenser. A transmission shaft and a transmission chain are arranged at the bottom of the rotary scraper type fertilizer dispenser, and the transmission shaft drives the transmission chain to drive the rotary scraper type fertilizer dispenser.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present application, the de-soiling mechanism includes a connecting beam fixed on the frame, a connecting rod arranged on the connecting beam, and a compression spring arranged between the connecting beam and the connecting rod, a connecting shaft is arranged at the bottom of the connecting rod, and an unpowered spiral soil cleaning roller is arranged at one end of the connecting shaft away from the connecting rod, and the compression spring is used to limit the unpowered spiral soil cleaning roller from approaching the ground.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present application, the soil-raising mechanism includes a soil-raising frame fixed to the bottom of the frame, a soil-raising baffle arranged on the soil-raising frame, and a soil-breaking knife arranged at the bottom of the soil-raising baffle.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present application, the soil breaking knife includes a rotating shaft installed on a soil training frame, and blades circumferentially arranged on the outer surface of the rotating shaft. When the rotating shaft rotates, any blade contacts the soil.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present application, a plurality of film removing teeth are provided at the outer end of the film removing shovel ear.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present application, a method for using a combined machine for cultivating, fertilizing and recovering residual film in a sugarcane field is provided, and the specific steps of the method are as follows: A. measuring the thickness of the residual film, adjusting the depth of the film-lifting device into the soil according to the thickness of the soil covering the residual film to ensure that the film-lifting device can extend to the bottom of the residual film, and then winding the residual film on the film-winding roller for several turns to ensure that the residual film will not fall off during the subsequent operation of the machine; B. Before use, clean and inspect the film-lifting mechanism, residual film recovery mechanism and soil-raising mechanism to ensure that there is no residual film left on the film-lifting mechanism, spiral soil-cleaning roller, film-rolling roller and soil-breaking knife, and ensure that the compression spring rebounds normally; C. Pull the device as a whole to one end of the field, adjust the depth of the film-lifting mechanism into the soil, and then pull the device as a whole forward for a distance to ensure that the film-lifting device can basically separate the residual film from the soil, ensure that the unpowered spiral soil-cleaning roller can remove the soil covering the residual film, and ensure that the residual film can be wound around the detachable film-rolling roller as the film-rolling roller rotates without falling off; D. Use a tractor to pull the device in a straight line to the other end of the sugarcane field. When arriving at the other end of the sugarcane field, turn around and carry out residual film recovery, soiling and fertilization operations in the adjacent sugarcane field.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following characteristics and beneficial effects: Aiming at the current situation that the recycling of sugarcane field mulch film is "organic and available", the present invention combines agricultural machinery, agronomy and agricultural film, proposes a residual film recycling mode that combines whole film recycling, soil loosening and soil cleaning, and automatic film rolling, studies key technologies such as soil loosening and film lifting, soil cleaning and film rolling of residual film in sugarcane field, and innovatively develops equipment for combined operation of residual film recycling, intertillage and soil application in sugarcane field. Aiming at the situation that the residual film recycling is easy to break and cannot be operated continuously due to the small thickness and obvious decrease in tensile strength of residual film, the present invention proposes a residual film recycling mode that is rolled up after loosening and soil cleaning. Before film collection, a soil loosening and film lifting device is used to loosen the soil covering parts on both sides of the agricultural film, and a spiral soil cleaning roller is used to remove the soil covering both sides of the agricultural film, which greatly reduces the tension on the agricultural film when rolling up. Aiming at the problem that it is difficult to unload the residual film after the work is completed, a detachable film rolling roller is innovatively designed. The two sections of the film rolling roller are separated under the drive of a hydraulic cylinder, and the recovered residual film can be conveniently removed. The present invention can adapt to the integrated work of recycling residual film in sugarcane fields and cultivating soil and applying fertilizers, realize mechanized recycling of residual film, and improve labor efficiency at the same time. Popularization and use can achieve better results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the soil removal mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a fertilization mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the film rolling mechanism structure of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the membrane-forming mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] In the figure, 100, frame; 200, ground wheel; 300, soil-raising mechanism; 310, soil-raising frame; 320, soil-raising baffle; 330, soil-breaking knife; 331, rotating shaft; 332, blade; 400, soil-raising guide mechanism; 500, film-raising mechanism; 510, mounting frame; 520, contour connecting rod; 530, film-raising shovel; 531, film-raising teeth; 540, connecting beam; 550, depth-limiting spring; 600, soil-removing mechanism; 610, mounting beam; 620, connecting rod; 630, Compression spring; 640, connecting shaft; 650, unpowered spiral soil cleaning roller; 700, suspension mechanism; 800, residual film winding mechanism; 810, column; 820, film rolling frame; 830, rotating frame; 840, rotating shaft; 850, rotating fastener; 860, detachable film rolling drum; 870, telescopic hydraulic cylinder; 900, fertilization mechanism; 910, supporting frame; 920, fertilizer box; 930, rotary disk scraper type fertilizer dispenser; 940, fertilizer nozzle; 950, transmission shaft; 960, transmission chain. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0017] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0018] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0019] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0020] like Figure 1-5 As shown, according to some embodiments of the present application, a combined operation machine for recovering residual film in a sugarcane field, cultivating, and fertilizing, comprises: a frame 100 and a ground wheel 200 arranged at the bottom of the frame 100; a soil-raising mechanism 300 is arranged on one side of the bottom of the frame 100, a soil-raising guide mechanism 400 is arranged on one side of the soil-raising mechanism 300, a film-lifting mechanism 500 is arranged on the other side of the soil-lifting mechanism 300, a soil-removing mechanism 600 is arranged on the inner side of the film-lifting mechanism 500, a suspension mechanism 700 is arranged on the top of the film-lifting mechanism 500, the vertical rod and the diagonal brace of the suspension mechanism 700 are fixedly connected to the frame 100 to form a three-point suspension structure, a residual film winding mechanism 800 is arranged on one side of the suspension mechanism 700, and the residual film winding mechanism 800 is arranged on the other side of the suspension mechanism 700. 00 A fertilizer application mechanism 900 is arranged on the side away from the suspension mechanism 700, and the film lifting mechanism 500 includes a mounting frame 510, a contoured connecting rod 520 arranged on the mounting frame 510, and a film lifting shovel 530 connected to the end of the contoured connecting rod 520 away from the mounting frame 510. The mounting frame 510 is fixed on the frame 100, and a connecting beam 540 is arranged on the end of the film lifting shovel 530 away from the contoured connecting rod 520. A limited depth spring 550 is arranged between the top of the connecting beam 540 and the mounting frame 510, and the depth limiting spring 550 is used for limiting the distance that the film lifting shovel 530 extends to the formation. An adjusting plate is fixed to the bottom of the mounting frame 510, and a plurality of adjusting holes are arranged on the adjusting plate in the transverse direction for adjusting the depth limiting spring 550.

[0021] According to some embodiments of the present application, the residual film winding mechanism 800 includes a column 810 fixed on the frame 100, a film roll frame 820 connected to the column 810, a rotating frame 830 arranged at the other end of the film roll frame 820, and a rotating shaft 840 arranged between the column 810 and the rotating frame 830. The film roll frame 820 and the rotating frame 830 are connected by a rotating fastener 850. A detachable film roll drum 860 is arranged on the rotating shaft 840. The film roll drum is a left and right spliced ​​structure. When the detachable film roll drum 860 rotates, the two parts of the film roll drum are in contact. A telescopic hydraulic cylinder 870 is arranged at the bottom of the film roll frame 820, and the telescopic end of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 870 is hinged to the rotating frame 830. The mainstream film collection method for residual film recovery operations is still to collect the film in a film collection box. The film collection box has a simple structure and low processing and manufacturing costs. However, since the residual film is naturally scattered and has a loose texture, the collected residual film piled on the ground is easily blown away by strong winds, causing secondary pollution. The film rolling mechanism in the present application is a detachable film rolling roller that is actively driven by a hydraulic motor. Before use, a piece of residual film needs to be wrapped around the detachable film rolling roller. When the roll needs to be unloaded, the hydraulic telescopic cylinder extends, pushing the rotating frame 830 to drive the detachable film rolling roller to rotate a certain angle around the rotating fastener 850 as a whole, and then the recovered residual film roll can be easily unloaded manually.

[0022] It should be noted here that when designing a film rolling mechanism, it is necessary to study the working principles of each key component, establish a mechanical model of the film rolling roller, and determine the maximum diameter of the film roll in the film rolling mechanism by analyzing the force on the residual film when rolling it, combined with the mechanical properties of the residual film. Taking into account the actual operating needs, the film rolling speed range and the technical parameters of the hydraulic motor driving the film rolling roller are determined. The Box-Behnken test method is used for combined experiments. The film rolling speed and forward speed are used as experimental factors, and the film roll density is used as an indicator to conduct experimental research on the film rolling mechanism. The experimental data is processed and analyzed for variance by the DesignExpert software to obtain a regression model of the experimental indicators and factor coding. The regression equation model is optimized using the optimization module in the software. The boundary conditions of the experimental factors are combined to determine the optimal parameter combination, and field tests are conducted to verify it.

[0023] According to some embodiments of the present application, the fertilization mechanism 900 includes a support frame 910, a fertilizer box 920 arranged in the support frame 910, a rotary scraper type fertilizer discharger 930 arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer box 920, and a fertilizer nozzle 940 arranged on both sides of the rotary scraper type fertilizer discharger 930. A transmission shaft 950 and a transmission chain 960 are arranged at the bottom of the rotary scraper type fertilizer discharger 930. The transmission shaft 950 drives the transmission chain 960 to drive the rotary scraper type fertilizer discharger 930. The transmission shaft 950 is used to transmit the force of the tractor power output shaft to drive the transmission chain 960 to provide power to the rotary scraper type fertilizer discharger 930. When the tractor is pulling the implement to work, the fertilizer gradually enters the rotary scraper type fertilizer discharger 930 from the fertilizer box 920 and is evenly discharged from the fertilizer nozzle 940.

[0024] According to some embodiments of the present application, the de-soiling mechanism 600 includes a mounting beam 610 fixed to the frame 100, a connecting rod 620 arranged on the mounting beam 610, and a compression spring 630 arranged between the mounting beam 610 and the connecting rod 620, the connecting rod 620 is symmetrically arranged along the midpoint of the length of the mounting beam 610, a connecting shaft 640 is arranged at the bottom of the connecting rod 620, and a non-powered spiral soil cleaning roller 650 is arranged at one end of the connecting shaft 640 away from the connecting rod 620, and the compression spring 630 is used to limit the non-powered spiral soil cleaning roller 650 from approaching the ground. When the tractor is pulling the implement to work, the connecting frame and the unpowered spiral cleaning roller 650 always keep in contact with the ground under the action of the compression spring 630. Since the residual film is always dragged by the film rolling mechanism during work, the residual film is driven by friction during the winding process, thereby driving the unpowered spiral cleaning roller 650 to rotate around the axis, and the spiral texture on the unpowered spiral cleaning roller 650 can guide the soil covering the residual film to be cleaned up. As the unit continues to move, the rotation speed of the cone barrel will gradually stabilize under the drive of friction, and the soil covering the residual film will also be effectively cleaned.

[0025] It should be noted here that a kinematic model of the unpowered spiral cleaning roller 650 is established, and a motion analysis is performed on it to analyze the relationship between the efficiency of removing the covering soil and the forward speed of the unit, the angle of the unpowered spiral cleaning roller 650, and the radius of the unpowered spiral cleaning roller 650. The motion trajectory of the unpowered spiral cleaning roller 650 is simulated and analyzed based on MATLAB software. By analyzing the stress conditions of the residual film and combining the mechanical properties of the residual film, the optimal selection of relevant parameters that ensure smooth removal of the covering soil and stable operation is determined.

[0026] According to some embodiments of the present application, the soil-raising mechanism 300 includes a soil-raising frame 310 fixed to the bottom of the frame 100 , a soil-raising baffle 320 disposed on the soil-raising frame 310 , and a soil-breaking knife 330 disposed at the bottom of the soil-raising baffle 320 .

[0027] According to some embodiments of the present application, the soil breaking knife 330 includes a rotating shaft 840 installed on the soil rack 310, and blades 332 circumferentially arranged on the outer surface of the rotating shaft 840. When the rotating shaft 840 rotates, any blade 332 contacts the soil.

[0028] According to some embodiments of the present application, a plurality of film-removing teeth 531 are provided at the outer end of the film-removing shovel 530. The film-removing teeth 531 loosen the soil by disturbing the soil, and the plurality of film-removing teeth 531 lift up the residual film at the same time.

[0029] According to some embodiments of the present application, a method for using a combined operation machine for recovering residual film in a sugarcane field and cultivating and fertilizing is provided, and the specific steps of the method are as follows: A. measuring the thickness of the residual film, adjusting the depth of the film-lifting device into the soil according to the thickness of the soil covering the residual film to ensure that the film-lifting device can extend to the bottom of the residual film, and then winding the residual film on the film-winding roller for several turns to ensure that the residual film will not fall off during the subsequent operation of the machine; B. Before use, clean and inspect the film lifting mechanism 500, the residual film winding mechanism 800 and the soil training mechanism 300 to ensure that there is no residual film on the film lifting mechanism 500, the spiral soil cleaning roller, the film winding roller and the soil breaking knife 330, and ensure that the compression spring 630 rebounds normally; C. Pull the whole device to one end of the field, adjust the depth of the film lifting mechanism 500 into the soil, and then pull the whole device forward for a distance to ensure that the film lifting device can basically separate the residual film from the soil, ensure that the unpowered spiral soil cleaning roller 650 can remove the soil on the residual film, and ensure that the residual film can be wound around the detachable film rolling roller as the film rolling roller rotates without falling off; D. Use the tractor to pull the device in a straight line to the other end of the sugarcane field. When reaching the other end of the sugarcane field, turn around to recover the residual film, cultivate the soil and apply fertilizer to the adjacent sugarcane field; The combined operation machine can complete the work of recovering residual film in the sugarcane field, cultivating the soil in the sugarcane field and applying fertilizers in one operation.

[0030] It should be noted that the design of the residual film recovery machine needs to consider the basic topography of the sugarcane field planting area and the material properties of the residual film. The physical properties of the sugarcane field soil, the sugarcane planting pattern, the surface flatness of the sugarcane field, and the distribution of impurities on the film surface directly affect the working principle of the residual film recovery machine to remove and pick up the film. The mechanical properties of the residual film determine the residual film recovery mode. Therefore, the basic topography of the operating area and the basic material properties of the residual film are studied to provide a basis for the research and development of the recovery equipment. First, the field topography of the sugarcane field film is investigated and analyzed to obtain basic data related to the residual film recovery, such as the sugarcane planting density, the film soil coverage on the film surface, the surface flatness of the sugarcane field, and the mechanical properties of the residual film. The WDW-50 / 100 microcomputer-controlled electronic universal testing machine is used to test the mechanical properties of the residual film, and the tensile-displacement curve of the residual film sample is recorded in the experiment; the soil adhesion coefficient and firmness are measured using an adhesion meter and a soil firmness meter, respectively, and a statistical model is established to theoretically analyze and experimentally verify the possibility of residual film winding and rolling.

[0031] In summary, the present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and discloses a combined operation machine for recovering residual film in a sugarcane field, cultivating and fertilizing, and a use method thereof, comprising: a frame and a ground wheel arranged at the bottom of the frame; a soil-raising mechanism is arranged on one side of the bottom of the frame, a soil-raising guide mechanism is arranged on one side of the soil-raising mechanism, a film-lifting mechanism is arranged on the other side of the soil-lifting mechanism, a soil-removing mechanism is arranged on the inner side of the film-lifting mechanism, a hanging mechanism is arranged on the top of the film-lifting mechanism, a residual film winding mechanism is arranged on one side of the hanging mechanism, a fertilizing mechanism is arranged on the side of the residual film recovery mechanism away from the hanging mechanism, the film-lifting mechanism comprises a mounting frame, a profiling connecting rod arranged on the mounting frame, and a film-lifting shovel connected to one end of the profiling connecting rod away from the mounting frame, a connecting crossbeam is arranged on the end of the film-lifting shovel away from the profiling connecting rod, a limited depth spring is arranged between the top of the connecting crossbeam and the mounting frame, and the depth-limiting spring is used to limit the distance that the film-lifting shovel extends to the ground layer.

[0032] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and substitutions should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combined machine for recovering residual film in sugarcane fields, cultivating soil and applying fertilizer, comprising: A frame (100) and a ground wheel (200) arranged at the bottom of the frame (100); characterized in that a soil-raising mechanism (300) is arranged on one side of the bottom of the frame (100), a soil-raising guide mechanism (400) is arranged on one side of the soil-raising mechanism (300), a film-raising mechanism (500) is arranged on the other side of the soil-raising mechanism (300), a soil-removing mechanism (600) is arranged on the inner side of the film-raising mechanism (500), a hanging mechanism (700) is arranged on the top of the film-raising mechanism (500), a residual film winding mechanism (800) is arranged on one side of the hanging mechanism (700), and the residual film winding mechanism (800) is away from the hanging mechanism. A fertilizing mechanism (900) is arranged on one side of the mechanism (700), and the film-lifting mechanism (500) includes a mounting frame (510), a contoured connecting rod (520) arranged on the mounting frame (510), and a film-lifting shovel (530) connected to the end of the contoured connecting rod (520) away from the mounting frame (510), and a connecting crossbeam (540) is arranged at the end of the film-lifting shovel (530) away from the contoured connecting rod (520), and a limited depth spring (550) is arranged between the top of the connecting crossbeam (540) and the contoured connecting rod (520), and the depth-limiting spring (550) is used to limit the distance that the film-lifting shovel (530) extends to the formation.

2. The combined machine for recovering residual film in sugarcane fields, cultivating soil and applying fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The residual film winding mechanism (800) includes a column (810) fixed on the frame (100), a film roll frame (820) connected to the column (810), a rotating frame (830) arranged at the other end of the film roll frame (820), and a rotating shaft (840) arranged between the column (810) and the rotating frame (830), the film roll frame (820) and the rotating frame (830) are connected by a rotating fastener (850), a detachable film roll cylinder (860) is arranged on the rotating shaft (840), and a telescopic hydraulic cylinder (870) is arranged at the bottom of the film roll frame (820), and the telescopic end of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder (870) is hinged to the rotating frame (830).

3. The combined machine for recovering residual film in sugarcane fields, cultivating soil and applying fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilizing mechanism (900) comprises a support frame (910), a fertilizer box (920) arranged in the support frame (910), a rotary disk scraper type fertilizer dispensing device (930) arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer box (920), and fertilizer nozzles (940) arranged at both sides of the rotary disk scraper type fertilizer dispensing device (930). A transmission shaft (950) and a transmission chain (960) are arranged at the bottom of the rotary disk scraper type fertilizer dispensing device (930), and the transmission shaft (950) drives the transmission chain (960) to drive the rotary disk scraper type fertilizer dispensing device (930).

4. The combined machine for recovering residual film in sugarcane fields, cultivating soil and applying fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The de-soiling mechanism (600) comprises a mounting crossbeam (610) fixed on a frame (100), a connecting rod (620) arranged on the mounting crossbeam (610), and a compression spring (630) arranged between the mounting crossbeam (610) and the connecting rod (620); a connecting shaft (640) is arranged at the bottom of the connecting rod (620); an unpowered spiral soil-cleaning roller (650) is arranged at one end of the connecting shaft (640) away from the connecting rod (620); and the compression spring (630) is used to limit the unpowered spiral soil-cleaning roller (650) from approaching the ground.

5. The combined machine for recovering residual film in sugarcane fields, cultivating soil and applying fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil-building mechanism (300) comprises a soil-building frame (310) fixed to the bottom of the frame (100), a soil-building baffle (320) arranged on the soil-building frame (310), and a soil-breaking knife (330) arranged at the bottom of the soil-building baffle (320).

6. The combined machine for recovering residual film in sugarcane fields, cultivating soil and applying fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil crushing knife (330) comprises a rotating shaft (331) mounted on the soil training frame (310), and blades (332) circumferentially arranged on the outer surface of the rotating shaft (331). When the rotating shaft (331) rotates, any blade (332) contacts the soil.

7. The combined machine for recovering residual film in sugarcane fields, cultivating soil and applying fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer end of the film removing shovel (530) is provided with a plurality of film removing teeth (531).

8. The method for using the combined machine for recovering residual film in sugarcane fields, cultivating soil and applying fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The specific steps of the method of use are as follows: A. Measure the thickness of the residual film, adjust the depth of the film-lifting device according to the thickness of the soil covering the residual film, and ensure that the film-lifting device can extend to the bottom of the residual film. Then wrap the residual film on the film roller for several turns to ensure that the residual film will not fall off during the subsequent operation of the machine; B. Before use, clean and inspect the film-lifting mechanism (500), the residual film winding mechanism (800) and the soil-raising mechanism (300) to ensure that there is no residual film on the film-lifting mechanism (500), the spiral soil-cleaning roller, the film-winding roller and the soil-breaking knife (330), and ensure that the compression spring (630) rebounds normally; C. Pull the entire device to one end of the field, adjust the depth of the film-lifting mechanism (500) into the soil, and then pull the entire device forward for a certain distance to ensure that the film-lifting device can basically separate the residual film from the soil, ensure that the unpowered spiral soil-cleaning roller (650) can remove the soil covering the residual film, and ensure that the residual film can be wound around the detachable film-rolling roller as the film-rolling roller rotates without falling off; D. Use a tractor to pull the device in a straight line to the other end of the sugarcane field. When arriving at the other end of the sugarcane field, turn around and carry out residual film recovery, soiling and fertilization operations in the adjacent sugarcane field.

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