Harvester threshing process detection method based on vibration energy recoverer

Abstract

The invention relates to a harvester threshing process detection method based on a vibration energy recoverer, the vibration energy recoverer comprises a shell, a stator, a rotor and a spring, the shell is provided with a cavity, the stator is fixed in the cavity and sleeves the periphery of the rotor, and the rotor can slide back and forth relative to the stator. When the mover slides back and forth relative to the stator, the power generation coil on the stator can generate induced voltage, the vibration energy recoverer is installed on the harvester, and when the harvester works, under the elastic force effect of the spring, the mover slides back and forth relative to the stator along with the change of the gap between the threshing cylinder and the concave grid. The induced voltage generated by the power generation coil when the rotor slides back and forth relative to the stator is monitored, and whether the threshing device of the harvester is blocked or not is judged according to the intensity of the monitored induced voltage. The threshing device has the advantages that the gap between the threshing cylinder and the concave grid can be adjusted, meanwhile, whether the threshing device is blocked or not can be monitored, the threshing rate of the harvester is guaranteed, and meanwhile the risk that grains are broken is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to a threshing process detection method for a harvester based on a vibration energy recovery device. Background Art

[0002] The threshing device of the harvester mainly includes a threshing drum and a concave screen. When harvesting by machine, the crops are threshed in the gap between the threshing drum and the concave screen. The specific working principle is that the threshing drum rotates at high speed and contacts the crops, and the crop grains are separated from the straw by beating; the concave screen is used to screen the straw and other impurities of different sizes from the grains and separate them, finally achieving the threshing effect.

[0003] The traditional concave plate screen adopts a fixed installation form, and the gap between the threshing drum and the concave plate screen is a fixed value. When the crops enter the gap between the threshing drum and the concave plate screen, it is easy to cause blockage, making the device unable to operate normally; at the same time, the crushing rate of the grains is related to the rotation speed of the threshing drum and the gap between the threshing drum and the concave plate screen. If the rotation speed of the threshing drum is higher and the concave plate gap is smaller, the threshing rate of the machine is higher, but the degree of grain crushing will increase, which will have an adverse effect on the normal operation of the machine; if the gap between the concave plate and the drum is increased and the drum rotation speed is reduced, the crushing rate of the machine will decrease accordingly, but the threshing rate may not be guaranteed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a harvester threshing process detection method based on a vibration energy recovery device, which can realize the gap adjustment between the threshing drum and the concave screen, and at the same time monitor whether the threshing device is blocked, thereby ensuring the threshing rate of the harvester while reducing the risk of grain breakage.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A method for detecting the threshing process of a harvester based on a vibration energy recovery device, the vibration energy recovery device comprising a shell, a stator, and a mover, the shell is provided with a cavity, the stator and the mover are both vertically arranged in the cavity, the stator is fixed in the cavity and sleeved on the outer periphery of the mover, the mover can slide back and forth relative to the stator, and when the mover slides back and forth relative to the stator, the generating coil on the stator can generate an induced voltage, the top and bottom of the cavity are both provided with countersunk holes for facilitating the sliding of the mover, the bottom of the countersunk hole on the cavity cover is provided with a sliding hole, the upper end of the mover is slidably connected with the sliding hole, the lower end of the mover is provided with a support ring, a spring is sleeved on the mover below the support ring, two ends of the spring are respectively abutted against the support ring and the bottom of the countersunk hole on the lower shell body, the bottom of the countersunk hole on the lower shell body is provided with a through hole that penetrates the bottom of the shell body, the lower end of the mover passes through the through hole and is slidably connected with the through hole; The detection of the harvester threshing process includes the following steps: Install the vibration energy recovery device so that one end of the concave plate screen is directly fixed on the harvester body, the other end of the concave plate screen is connected to the lower end of the mover, and the top of the shell is connected to the harvester body; When the harvester is working, under the elastic force of the spring, the mover slides back and forth relative to the stator as the gap between the threshing drum and the concave screen changes, and the induced voltage generated by the generating coil when the mover slides back and forth relative to the stator is monitored; Whether the threshing device of the harvester is blocked is determined based on the strength of the monitored induced voltage.

[0006] Furthermore, the shell includes a lower shell and a cavity cover, the lower shell is provided with a cavity, the cavity cover is buckled on the top of the lower shell, the side wall of the cavity cover and the side wall of the cavity are fixedly connected by locking screws, and countersunk holes are provided at the bottom of the cavity cover and the bottom of the cavity of the lower shell.

[0007] Furthermore, the mover includes a main shaft, a permanent magnet, and an iron core. The upper end of the main shaft is slidably connected to the sliding hole, the lower end of the main shaft passes through the through hole and is slidably connected to the through hole, a support ring is fixed to the lower end of the main shaft, a spring is sleeved on the main shaft below the support ring, and a plurality of permanent magnets and a plurality of iron cores are fixedly sleeved on the main shaft above the support ring. The permanent magnets and the iron cores are alternately stacked, and two adjacent permanent magnets are axially magnetized and have opposite magnetic poles. The stator is sleeved on the periphery of the permanent magnets and the iron core.

[0008] Furthermore, the stator includes a fixed ring, a magnetic adjustment ring, and a generating coil. The two ends of the fixed ring are respectively abutted against the cavity cover and the bottom of the inner cavity of the lower shell body. The inner wall of the fixed ring is provided with a plurality of ring grooves at equal intervals along the length direction of the fixed ring. The magnetic adjustment ring is embedded in the ring groove. The magnetic adjustment ring is sleeved on the periphery of the permanent magnet and the iron core, and the generating coil is wound on the outer wall of the fixed ring.

[0009] Furthermore, the fixing ring is formed by embracing two half-ring bodies with symmetrical structures.

[0010] Furthermore, the cavity cover and the lower shell are both made of stainless steel.

[0011] Furthermore, the main shaft and the support ring are both made of stainless steel, the permanent magnet is made of neodymium iron boron, and the iron core is made of magnetic conductive material.

[0012] Furthermore, the fixing ring is made of hard plastic material, the magnetic adjustment ring is made of magnetic conductive material, and the generating coil is wound by enameled wire.

[0013] Furthermore, a first buckle is provided on the top of the cavity cover, and the lower end of the main shaft passes through the through hole and is connected to a second buckle. When the vibration energy recoverer is installed, the first buckle is connected to the harvester body, and the second buckle is connected to the concave plate screen.

[0014] Furthermore, when the induced voltage is monitored, it can be determined that the threshing device of the harvester is not blocked; when the induced voltage is not detected, it can be determined that the threshing device of the harvester is blocked.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention is provided with structures such as a shell, a mover, a stator, a support ring, and a spring. When the vibration energy recovery device is installed on a harvester, one end of the concave plate screen is directly fixed on the harvester body, the other end of the concave plate screen is connected to the lower end of the mover, and the top of the shell is connected to the harvester body. Then, under the elastic force of the spring, when the harvester is working, the gap between the threshing drum and the concave plate screen will change with the rolling of the crop, thereby realizing adaptive adjustment of the gap size between the threshing drum and the concave plate screen.

[0016] 2. The present invention can perform real-time detection on the threshing process of the harvester through the vibration energy recovery device. After the vibration energy recovery device is installed on the harvester, the mover can slide back and forth relative to the stator as the gap between the threshing drum and the concave screen changes, so that the vibration energy recovery device can generate an induced voltage when the harvester is working. According to the waveform of the induced voltage, it can be determined whether the threshing device of the harvester is blocked. When the threshing device of the harvester works normally, the vibration energy recovery device generates an effective induced voltage, and the waveform of the induced voltage is normal. When the threshing device of the harvester is blocked, the vibration energy recovery device does not generate an induced voltage, and the waveform of the induced voltage is distorted.

[0017] 3. The vibration energy harvester of the present invention has a power generation function. Compared with the traditional electromagnetic energy harvester, it effectively integrates the magnetic field modulation principle with the help of the magnetic tuning ring structure, converts low-frequency vibration into a high-frequency magnetic field, produces an induced voltage superposition effect, and increases power generation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the vibration energy recovery device in the thresher of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the vibration energy recovery device in the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the vibration energy recovery device in the present invention; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the mover in the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the stator in the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the stator magnetic adjustment ring and the fixing ring in the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the shell structure of the energy recovery device in the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 1, threshing drum; 2, concave screen; 3, outer shell; 31, lower shell; 32, cavity cover; 4, stator; 41, fixed ring; 411, half circle; 42, magnetic adjustment ring; 43, generating coil; 5, mover; 51, main shaft; 52, permanent magnet; 53, iron core; 6, countersunk hole; 7, sliding hole; 8, support ring; 9, spring; 10, through hole; 11, first buckle; 12, second buckle ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following description.

[0021] A vibration energy recovery device can be used to realize adaptive adjustment of the gap between a threshing drum 1 and a concave plate screen 2 when a harvester is working, and can be used to detect the threshing process of the harvester and determine whether the threshing device is blocked.

[0022] Specifically, Figure 1-Figure 7 As shown, the vibration energy recoverer includes a shell 3 and a stator 4. The shell 3 is provided with a cavity. The mover 5 is upright in the cavity and can slide back and forth up and down. The top and bottom of the cavity are provided with countersunk holes 6 for facilitating the sliding of the mover 5. A sliding hole 7 is provided at the bottom of the countersunk hole 6 on the cavity cover 32. The upper end of the mover 5 is slidably connected with the sliding hole 7. A support ring 8 is provided at the lower end of the mover 5. A spring 9 is sleeved on the mover 5 below the support ring 8. Both ends of the spring 9 are respectively abutted against the support ring 8 and the bottom of the countersunk hole 6 on the lower shell 31. A through hole 10 that passes through the bottom of the shell 3 is provided at the bottom of the countersunk hole 6 on the lower shell 31. The lower end of the mover 5 passes through the through hole 10 and is slidably connected with the through hole 10.

[0023] The vibration energy recovery device is installed on the harvester, so that one end of the concave screen 2 is directly fixed on the harvester body, the other end of the concave screen 2 is connected to the lower end of the mover 5, and the top of the shell 3 is connected to the harvester body. When the harvester is working, the concave screen 2 vibrates under the dual force of the crop and the spring 9, and then adaptively adjusts the gap between the threshing drum 1 and the concave screen 2.

[0024] In order to enable the vibration energy recovery device to monitor whether the threshing device is blocked, the vibration energy recovery device also includes a stator 4, which is fixed in the cavity and sleeved on the periphery of the mover 5, so that the mover 5 can slide back and forth relative to the stator 4, and when the mover 5 slides back and forth relative to the stator 4, the generating coil 43 on the stator 4 can generate an induced voltage, and then it can be judged whether the threshing device is blocked by monitoring the strength of the induced voltage generated by the generating coil 43.

[0025] In order to generate an induced voltage when the mover 5 slides relative to the stator 4, Figure 3As shown in FIG4 , the mover 5 includes a main shaft 51, a permanent magnet 52, and an iron core 53. The upper end of the main shaft 51 is slidably connected to the sliding hole 7, and the lower end of the main shaft 51 passes through the through hole 10 and is slidably connected to the through hole 10. A support ring 8 is fixed to the lower end of the main shaft 51. A spring 9 is sleeved on the main shaft 51 below the support ring 8. A plurality of permanent magnets 52 and a plurality of iron cores 53 are fixedly sleeved on the main shaft 51 above the support ring 8. The permanent magnets 52 and the iron cores 53 are alternately stacked. Two adjacent permanent magnets 52 are axially magnetized and have opposite magnetic pole directions. The stator 4 is sleeved on the periphery of the permanent magnets 52 and the iron cores 53. Figure 3 , Figure 5 As shown, the stator 4 includes a fixed ring 41, a magnetic adjustment ring 42, and a power generation coil 43. The two ends of the fixed ring 41 are respectively abutted against the cavity cover 32 and the bottom of the inner cavity of the lower shell 31. The inner wall of the fixed ring 41 is provided with a plurality of ring grooves at equal intervals along the length direction of the fixed ring 41. The magnetic adjustment ring 42 is embedded in the ring groove. The magnetic adjustment ring 42 is sleeved on the periphery of the permanent magnet 52 and the iron core 53, and the power generation coil 43 is wound on the outer wall of the fixed ring 41.

[0026] Based on the above structure of the mover 5 and the stator 4, when the mover 5 slides relative to the stator 4, the permanent magnet 52 slides with the main shaft 51 and cuts the generating coil 43, thereby generating an induced voltage in the generating coil 43. In this embodiment, the main shaft 51 and the support ring 8 are both made of stainless steel, the permanent magnet 52 is made of neodymium iron boron, and the iron core 53 is a magnetic conductive material; the fixing ring 41 is made of hard plastic material, the magnetic adjustment ring 42 is a magnetic conductive material, and the generating coil 43 is wound by enameled wire; the permanent magnets 52 are installed in pairs, the number of pole pairs is Pm, and the number of installed magnetic adjustment rings 42 is Ns, satisfying Ns>Pm. According to the magnetic field modulation principle, a harmonic magnetic field with a pole pair number of Ns-Pm is generated in the air gap. When the movement speed of the mover 5 is Vm, the speed of the harmonic magnetic field is Pm·Vm / (Ns-Pm). The induced voltage generated by the generating coil 43 is the superposition of the voltage caused by the fundamental magnetic field and the voltage caused by the harmonic magnetic field, so that the vibration energy recovery device can be used for power generation. Compared with the traditional electromagnetic energy harvester, the magnetic field modulation principle is effectively integrated with the magnetic tuning ring 42 structure to convert low-frequency vibration into a high-frequency magnetic field, produce an induced voltage superposition effect, and increase power generation.

[0027] In order to facilitate the assembly of the mover 5 and the stator 4, Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Figure 7As shown, the housing 3 includes a lower shell 31 and a cavity cover 32. The lower shell 31 is provided with a cavity. The cavity cover 32 is buckled on the top of the lower shell 31. The side wall of the cavity cover 32 and the side wall of the cavity are fixedly connected by locking screws. The countersunk hole 6 is provided at the bottom of the cavity cover 32 and the bottom of the cavity of the lower shell 31. The fixing ring 41 is formed by two symmetrical half-circle bodies 411. When assembling the stator 4 and the mover 5, the magnetic adjustment ring 42 is first clamped by closing the two half-circle bodies 411, and then the power generation coil 43 is wound to complete the assembly of the stator 4. Then, the stator 4, the mover 5 and the spring 9 are placed in the lower shell 31, and finally the cavity cover 32 is buckled and fixed by the locking screws, so that the cavity cover 32 presses the stator 4. In this embodiment, the cavity cover 32 and the lower shell 31 are both made of stainless steel.

[0028] like Figure 2-Figure 4 As shown, a first buckle 11 is fixedly connected to the top of the cavity cover 32 by means of threaded connection or the like, and the lower end of the main shaft 51 passes through the through hole 10 and is fixedly connected to the second buckle 12 by means of threaded connection or the like. When the vibration energy recoverer is installed, it is connected to the harvester body through the first buckle 11 and is connected to the concave plate screen 2 through the second buckle 12.

[0029] Based on the structure and working principle of the above-mentioned vibration energy recovery device, the following steps are included when detecting the threshing process of the harvester through the vibration energy recovery device: When the harvester is working, under the elastic force of the spring 9, the mover 5 slides back and forth relative to the stator 4 as the gap between the threshing drum 1 and the concave screen 2 changes, and the induced voltage generated by the generating coil 43 when the mover 5 slides back and forth relative to the stator 4 is monitored; Whether the threshing device of the harvester is blocked is determined based on the strength of the monitored induced voltage.

[0030] When the induced voltage is detected, it can be judged that the threshing device of the harvester is not blocked, and the waveform of the induced voltage is normal; when the induced voltage is not detected, it can be judged that the threshing device of the harvester is blocked, and the waveform of the induced voltage is distorted. Finally, by monitoring the blockage of the threshing device, the threshing rate of the harvester can be guaranteed while reducing the risk of grain breakage.

[0031] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for detecting the threshing process of a harvester based on a vibration energy recovery device, characterized in that: The vibration energy recovery device comprises a housing (3), a stator (4), and a mover (5). The housing (3) is provided with a cavity. The stator (4) and the mover (5) are both vertically arranged in the cavity. The stator (4) is fixed in the cavity and sleeved on the outer periphery of the mover (5). The mover (5) can slide back and forth relative to the stator (4). When the mover (5) slides back and forth relative to the stator (4), the generating coil (43) on the stator (4) can generate an induced voltage. The top and bottom of the cavity are both provided with countersunk holes (6) for facilitating the sliding of the mover (5). The cavity cover (32) is provided with a A sliding hole (7) is provided at the bottom of the countersunk hole (6), the upper end of the mover (5) is slidably connected to the sliding hole (7), a support ring (8) is provided at the lower end of the mover (5), a spring (9) is sleeved on the mover (5) below the support ring (8), two ends of the spring (9) are respectively in contact with the support ring (8) and the bottom of the countersunk hole (6) on the lower shell (31), a through hole (10) penetrating the bottom of the shell (3) is provided at the bottom of the countersunk hole (6) on the lower shell (31), and the lower end of the mover (5) passes through the through hole (10) and is slidably connected to the through hole (10); The detection of the harvester threshing process includes the following steps: The vibration energy recovery device is installed so that one end of the concave plate screen (2) is directly fixed on the harvester body, the other end of the concave plate screen (2) is connected to the lower end of the mover (5), and the top of the housing (3) is connected to the harvester body; When the harvester is working, under the elastic force of the spring (9), the mover (5) slides back and forth relative to the stator (4) as the gap between the threshing drum (1) and the concave screen (2) changes, and the induced voltage generated by the generating coil (43) when the mover (5) slides back and forth relative to the stator (4) is monitored; Whether the threshing device of the harvester is blocked is determined based on the strength of the monitored induced voltage.

2. A method for detecting the threshing process of a harvester based on a vibration energy recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (3) comprises a lower housing (31) and a cavity cover (32); the lower housing (31) is provided with a cavity; the cavity cover (32) is buckled onto the top of the lower housing (31); the side wall of the cavity cover (32) and the side wall of the cavity are fixedly connected by locking screws; and the countersunk hole (6) is provided at the bottom of the cavity cover (32) and the bottom of the cavity of the lower housing (31).

3. A method for detecting the threshing process of a harvester based on a vibration energy recovery device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mover (5) comprises a main shaft (51), a permanent magnet (52), and an iron core (53). The upper end of the main shaft (51) is slidably connected to the sliding hole (7), the lower end of the main shaft (51) passes through the through hole (10) and is slidably connected to the through hole (10), a support ring (8) is fixed to the lower end of the main shaft (51), a spring (9) is sleeved on the main shaft (51) below the support ring (8), a plurality of permanent magnets (52) and a plurality of iron cores (53) are fixedly sleeved on the main shaft (51) above the support ring (8), the permanent magnets (52) and the iron cores (53) are alternately stacked, two adjacent permanent magnets (52) are axially magnetized and have opposite magnetic pole directions, and the stator (4) is sleeved on the periphery of the permanent magnets (52) and the iron cores (53).

4. A method for detecting the threshing process of a harvester based on a vibration energy recovery device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The stator (4) comprises a fixed ring (41), a magnetic adjustment ring (42), and a power generation coil (43). Two ends of the fixed ring (41) are respectively in contact with the cavity cover (32) and the bottom of the inner cavity of the lower shell (31). The inner wall of the fixed ring (41) is provided with a plurality of ring grooves at equal intervals along the length direction of the fixed ring (41). The magnetic adjustment ring (42) is embedded in the ring groove. The magnetic adjustment ring (42) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the permanent magnet (52) and the iron core (53). The power generation coil (43) is wound on the outer wall of the fixed ring (41).

5. A method for detecting the threshing process of a harvester based on a vibration energy recovery device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixing ring (41) is formed by embracing two semi-circular bodies (411) with symmetrical structures.

6. A vibration energy recovery and fault detector for a harvester threshing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cavity cover (32) and the lower shell (31) are both made of stainless steel.

7. A vibration energy recovery and fault detector for a harvester threshing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The main shaft (51) and the support ring (8) are both made of stainless steel, the permanent magnet (52) is made of neodymium iron boron, and the iron core (53) is made of magnetic conductive material.

8. A vibration energy recovery and fault detector for a harvester threshing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixing ring (41) is made of hard plastic material, the magnetic adjustment ring (42) is made of magnetic conductive material, and the power generation coil (43) is wound by enameled wire.

9. The method for detecting the threshing process of a harvester based on a vibration energy recovery device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first buckle (11) is provided on the top of the cavity cover (32), and the lower end of the main shaft (51) passes through the through hole (10) and is connected to a second buckle (12). When the vibration energy recovery device is installed, the first buckle is connected to the harvester body, and the second buckle (12) is connected to the concave plate screen (2).

10. The method for detecting the threshing process of a harvester based on a vibration energy recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the induced voltage is monitored, it can be determined that the threshing device of the harvester is not blocked; when the induced voltage is not detected, it can be determined that the threshing device of the harvester is blocked.

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