Muskmelon co-rootstock top adhesion grafting seedling raising method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant seedling raising, and particularly discloses a muskmelon co-stock top attachment grafting seedling raising method.The co-stock rootstock and a scion are sown at the same time, grafting is conducted 10 days after the co-stock rootstock and the scion are sown, the grafting method adopts a top attachment method, a growing point and a cotyledon are cut off obliquely from one side of the growing point of the rootstock, and a cotyledon is left; cutting the root of the scion from the base part of the hypocotyledonary axis, and obliquely cutting the scion at 0.5 cm below the cotyledon to form a diagonal plane; finally, the diagonal plane of the scion is attached to the diagonal plane of the stock, a grafting clamp is used for clamping a wound in the direction of the diagonal plane, and grafting of a grafted seedling is completed. Performing shading and moisturizing culture on grafted seedlings after grafting, properly ventilating in the morning and evening after 3 days, exposing light on two sides, spraying for 1-2 times at noon, and keeping relatively high humidity; shading only at noon after one week, and recovering normal management after 10 days; rootstock sprouts are removed in time during the period, and survived grafted seedlings are obtained. When the method is used for co-stock grafting, the survival rate of grafted seedlings is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of plant seedling cultivation, in particular to a melon common rootstock top-attaching grafting seedling cultivation method. Background Art

[0002] Muskmelon is the main melon variety grown in the south. Jiangxi Province has always had a tradition of growing melons. Currently, the annual melon planting area in Jiangxi Province is about 200,000 mu. The temperature and humidity conditions in the spring climate environment in the south can easily infect melon crops with wilt, and melons should not be planted continuously. Most commercial cultivars are not resistant to soil-borne diseases such as wilt. Grafting and root replacement is the simplest and most effective means to prevent soil-borne diseases such as wilt and solve the problem of continuous cropping of melons, and it is widely used on melon crops. Melon grafting mostly uses pumpkin as the rootstock, but thin-skinned melon varieties such as Tianbao planted in Jiangxi are prone to physiological disorders when grafted with pumpkin rootstocks. At the same time, it often has adverse effects on the fruit traits and quality of melons, including changes in fruit size, hardening of the flesh, the appearance of odor, etc., which leads to a decline in the commerciality of melons, thereby restricting the promotion and application of melon grafting cultivation technology.

[0003] However, due to the presence of a taproot in the original rootstock of the grafted seedling, apical dominance limits the growth of fibrous roots, the absorption function of the taproot is not strong enough, and a large amount of wound exudate is formed when the wound of the grafted seedling heals, which easily forms small protrusions and affects the survival rate of the grafted seedling. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a melon common rootstock top grafting seedling raising method.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented according to the following technical solutions:

[0006] A melon common rootstock top grafting seedling raising method comprises the following steps:

[0007] S1. Sowing the common rootstock and scion at the same time, grafting the common rootstock and scion 10 days after sowing, and using the top grafting method: cutting off the growth point and one cotyledon from one side of the growth point of the rootstock obliquely, leaving one cotyledon;

[0008] S2, first cut off the root of the scion from the base of the hypocotyl, and then cut it obliquely 0.5 cm below the cotyledon to form an oblique section; finally, fit the oblique section of the scion to the oblique section of the rootstock, and clamp the wound along the direction of the section with a grafting clamp, thus completing the grafting of a grafted seedling;

[0009] S3. After grafting, the grafted seedlings should be cultured in shade and moisture-keeping. After 3 days, proper ventilation should be carried out in the morning and evening, with light on both sides, and sprayed 1-2 times at noon to maintain a high humidity. After 1 week, shade should be applied only at noon, and normal management should be resumed after 10 days. During this period, the rootstock sprouts should be removed in time to obtain surviving grafted seedlings.

[0010] Furthermore, in the step S1, the growing point and a cotyledon are cut off obliquely at an angle of 30 degrees from one side of the growing point of the rootstock.

[0011] Furthermore, in step S2, a slanting cut is made downward at an angle of 30 degrees 0.5 cm below the cotyledon.

[0012] Furthermore, in step S3, the light-shading and moisture-keeping culture conditions of the grafted seedlings after grafting are: the relative humidity reaches above 95%, and the day and night temperature is between 18 and 28°C.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the method of the present invention has the following advantages for co-root grafting:

[0014] (1) Easy to manage, the rootstock and scion can be sown at the same time;

[0015] (2) The survival rate of grafted seedlings is high;

[0016] (3) The cotyledons of the common rootstock are smaller than those of the pumpkin rootstock, so more rootstocks can be planted per unit area for grafting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a diagram illustrating the top-attach grafting method of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is the survival rate of the grafted seedlings obtained by the melon common rootstock top-attaching grafting seedling raising method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the invention.

[0020] A common rootstock (Daprugad, from Japan, referred to as GZ) and mainstream pumpkin rootstocks on the market (Jingxin rootstock and Shen rootstock, hereinafter referred to as JX and SZ respectively) were selected as rootstock test materials, and a commercial variety Boyang No. 9 was used as the scion, and self-rooted seedlings were used as the control to carry out a grafting comparison test to verify the properties of the common rootstock independently cultivated by the present invention.

[0021] The common rootstock (GZ) and scion are sown at the same time, and the pumpkin rootstock (JX, SZ) is sown three days later. The common rootstock and scion can be grafted about 10 days after sowing. The grafting method adopts the top-attaching method. The growth point and a cotyledon are cut off at an angle of about 30 degrees from one side of the growth point of the rootstock, leaving a cotyledon; then the scion is first rooted from the base of the hypocotyl, and then a bevel cut is made at an angle of about 30 degrees downward about 0.5cm below the cotyledon to form an oblique section; finally, the oblique section of the scion is attached to the oblique section of the rootstock, and the wound is clamped along the direction of the section with a grafting clamp. At this point, the grafting of a grafted seedling is completed. The grafting method is as follows: Figure 1 shown.

[0022] After grafting, the plants are cultured in a shading and moisturizing manner. The relative humidity in the small shed reaches over 95%, and the day and night temperature is between 18 and 28°C. After 3 days, the plants are properly ventilated in the morning and evening, with light on both sides, and sprayed 1-2 times at noon to maintain a high humidity. After 1 week, the plants are shaded only at noon, and normal management is resumed after 10 days. The rootstock sprouts are removed in time during this period. The survival rate is statistically calculated. The survival rate of the grafted seedlings with the common rootstock is over 95%, while the survival rate of the grafted seedlings with JX and SZ rootstocks is around 85%. The survival rate of the common rootstock grafting of the present invention is higher than that of the pumpkin rootstock, see Figure 2 .

[0023] During the fruit ripening period, the average single fruit weight, fruit length, width and flesh thickness, and soluble solids content were investigated. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0024] Table 1 Questionnaire for fruit characteristics

[0025]

[0026] As shown in Table 1, there is no significant difference between the fruits grafted from different rootstocks. The average weight of a single fruit is about 0.5 kg. The length and width of the fruit are more prominent in the grafted plants of GZ, JX and SZ rootstocks. The flesh thickness is comparable between GZ and JX rootstocks. The soluble solid content is the highest in GZ, followed by JX and SZ. Comprehensively considering various indicators, the fruit performance of the GZ common rootstock grafted plants is more prominent.

[0027] This experiment further verified several advantages of co-rootstock grafting: (1) convenient management, as the rootstock and scion can be sown at the same time; (2) high survival rate of grafted seedlings; (3) the cotyledons of the co-rootstock are smaller than those of the pumpkin rootstock, so more rootstocks can be sown per unit area for grafting.

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments. All technical variations made according to the technical solution of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for raising melon seedlings by top grafting with a common rootstock, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Sowing the common rootstock and scion at the same time, grafting the common rootstock and scion 10 days after sowing, and using the top grafting method: cutting off the growth point and one cotyledon from one side of the growth point of the rootstock obliquely, leaving one cotyledon; S2, first cut off the root of the scion from the base of the hypocotyl, and then cut it obliquely 0.5 cm below the cotyledon to form an oblique section; finally, fit the oblique section of the scion to the oblique section of the rootstock, and clamp the wound along the direction of the section with a grafting clamp, thus completing the grafting of a grafted seedling; S3. After grafting, the grafted seedlings should be cultured in shade and moisture-keeping. After 3 days, proper ventilation should be carried out in the morning and evening, with light on both sides, and sprayed 1-2 times at noon to maintain a high humidity. After 1 week, shade should be applied only at noon, and normal management should be resumed after 10 days. During this period, the rootstock sprouts should be removed in time to obtain surviving grafted seedlings.

2. The method for raising seedlings of melons by top grafting with common rootstock according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S1, the growing point and a cotyledon are cut off at an angle of 30 degrees from one side of the growing point of the rootstock.

3. The melon common rootstock top grafting seedling raising method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S2, a slanting cut is made downward at an angle of 30 degrees 0.5 cm below the cotyledon.

4. The melon common rootstock top grafting seedling raising method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the light-shading and moisture-keeping culture conditions of the grafted seedlings after grafting are: the relative humidity reaches above 95%, and the day and night temperature is between 18 and 28°C.

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