Mine restoration abrupt slope vegetation greening method

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for greening vegetation on a mine restoration abrupt slope. The method is simple in structure, convenient to operate and capable of reducing cost. According to the mine restoration abrupt slope vegetation greening method, an abrupt slope vegetation planting device is adopted; the method further comprises the following steps that S1, a mounting hole is punched in the top of the abrupt slope face, and the mounting hole is matched with the prefabricated anchor rod; s2, mounting a fixed disc; planting parthenocissus tricuspidata in the fixing disc; s3, a reinforcing net is hung on the hooks of the fixing disc; s4, a drainage tube is additionally arranged between every two adjacent fixing devices; the turf is hung on the reinforcing net; s5, mounting a fixing device at the lower end of the reinforcing net; s6, planting parthenocissus tricuspidata, and completing planting of slope vegetation. By adopting the vegetation greening method for repairing the abrupt slope surface of the mine, the abrupt slope surface of the mine can be moisturized conveniently, and water and soil loss is avoided; construction is convenient, and the cost can be effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of mine ecological restoration, in particular to a mine steep slope restoration and vegetation greening method. Background Art

[0002] Open-pit mines are open-pit mines that mine mineral resources. When mining, open-pit mines require large-scale removal of vegetation. Then, large-scale excavation of the soil can easily form steep slopes, damage the soil structure, increase soil erosion, and disrupt the ecological balance.

[0003] In order to reduce the occurrence of natural disasters in mines and ensure the ecological balance, the mines need to be ecologically restored after mining is completed. The ecological restoration of mines can be done through natural restoration and artificial restoration. Natural restoration is slow and prone to natural disasters. Therefore, artificial restoration is required in most cases. In the process of ecological restoration, the ecological restoration of steep slopes in mines is the most difficult, because steep slopes are prone to soil loss, which is not conducive to vegetation growth.

[0004] There are multiple ways to achieve ecological restoration of steep slopes in the existing technology, but they all require complex reinforcement structures and then planting vegetation. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for greening vegetation on steep slopes for mine restoration, which has a simple structure, is easy to operate and can reduce costs.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a method for greening the vegetation on a steep slope surface of a mine, using a steep slope vegetation planting device; The steep slope vegetation planting device comprises a fixing device, a reinforcement net and a drainage pipe; the fixing device comprises a fixing plate and a prefabricated anchor rod; a boss is arranged at the bottom of the fixing plate; a fixing hole penetrating the boss is arranged in the middle of the fixing plate; one end of the prefabricated anchor rod is inserted into the fixing hole; The fixing plate is provided with guide grooves extending outward and evenly distributed along the circumference; a hook is provided at one end of the guide groove; the guide groove is connected to one end of the drainage tube; a drainage hole is provided on the bottom surface of the drainage tube; The following steps are also included: S1. Drill installation holes on the top of the steep slope surface so that the installation holes match the prefabricated anchor rods; S2, installing a fixing plate at the location where the mounting hole is drilled; fixing the fixing plate by driving a prefabricated anchor rod into the mounting hole; adding soil into the fixing plate; and planting creepers in the soil; S3, hang the reinforcement net on the hook of the fixing plate; install the fixing device between the two reinforcement nets; that is, drill holes on the steep slope to install the fixing device through the hung reinforcement net; tighten the two adjacent reinforcement nets through the fixing device; S4. Install a drainage pipe between two adjacent fixing devices; hang turf on the reinforcement net; the turf is located below the drainage pipe; S5. Install a fixing device at the lower end of the reinforcement net; tighten the processing net through the fixing devices above and below the processing net; S6. Add soil into the fixing plate of each fixing device and plant creepers to complete the planting of slope vegetation.

[0007] Further, in step S4, vegetation is planted by hanging a planting device on the reinforcement net; The planting device comprises a wall-mounted barrel and a guide barrel; the bottom of the wall-mounted barrel is provided with an inclined surface; the upper part of the inclined surface is provided with a root hole; and crack guide slits are provided on both sides of the root hole; The root penetration holes have two rows, and the crack guiding seams on one side of two adjacent root penetration holes in the upper row or the lower row are connected; The crack guiding slits on one side of the root holes at both ends of the upper row extend downward; the crack guiding slits on one side of the root holes at both ends of the lower row extend upward; and are aligned with the crack guiding slits of the corresponding root holes in the upper row, and the spacing D between the two crack guiding slits is 5±0.5mm; Second hooks are arranged on both sides of the upper end of the inclined surface; a fixing block is arranged at the lower end of the inclined surface; and a through hole is arranged on the fixing block; The guide tube has a bent neck; one end of the guide tube is detachably connected to the upper end of the wall-hanging barrel.

[0008] Furthermore, a connecting boss is provided at the upper end of the wall-hanging barrel; one end of the guide tube is snap-connected to the connecting boss; and a bell mouth is provided at the other end of the guide tube.

[0009] Furthermore, a grouting hole is provided in the middle of the prefabricated anchor rod, and a grouting hole connected to the grouting hole is provided at the lower end of the prefabricated anchor rod; The process of installing the fixing device in steps S2, S3 and S5 also includes the steps of: after the prefabricated anchor rod is inserted into the installation hole, concrete is injected into the prefabricated anchor rod through the grouting hole of the prefabricated anchor rod; the grouting pressure is 1.5~2.0Mpa.

[0010] Furthermore, the drainage tube is a soft tube.

[0011] Furthermore, the fixing plate is prefabricated with concrete and steel bars.

[0012] Furthermore, a filter screen is provided at the upper opening of the drainage tube.

[0013] Furthermore, the lower end of the prefabricated anchor rod is conical. The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0014] The method for vegetation greening on steep slopes for mine restoration described in the present invention achieves coverage of the steep slopes by means of fixing devices and reinforcing nets, has a simple structure, is easy to construct, and can effectively reduce costs.

[0015] Secondly, by adding soil to the fixing plate of the fixing device and planting creepers, it is beneficial to achieve rapid greening of vegetation on the steep slope of the mine; at the same time, it is convenient to achieve moisturizing of the steep slope of the mine and avoid soil erosion.

[0016] Thirdly, by arranging drainage pipes between the fixing plates of adjacent fixing devices to guide the flow of rainwater, the occurrence of natural disasters such as mudslides can be avoided, and it is convenient to provide moisture for vegetation planted on steep slopes and facilitate artificial irrigation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a stereoscopic diagram of a steep slope vegetation planting device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a front view of a steep slope vegetation planting device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is a three-dimensional diagram of a fixing device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is an exploded schematic diagram of a fixing device in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 is a stereoscopic diagram of a drainage tube in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 is a three-dimensional diagram of a prefabricated anchor rod in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 is a disassembled schematic diagram of a planting device in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 is a three-dimensional diagram of a planting device in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 9 is a front view of a planting device in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.10 yes Fig. 9 AA section view; Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the structure of the root hole on the inclined surface in an embodiment of the present invention; The figure shows: 100-fixing device, 110-fixing plate, 111-guide groove, 112-hook, 120-prefabricated anchor rod, 121-grouting hole, 122-slurry outlet hole, 200-reinforcement net, 300-drainage pipe, 310-drainage hole, 400-turf; 500-planting device, 510-wall-mounted barrel, 511-inclined surface, 512-fixing block, 513-second hook, 514-through hole, 515-root hole, 516-connecting boss, 517-crack guiding seam, 520-guide tube, 521-trumpet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] The method for afforestation of steep slopes for mine restoration described in the present invention adopts a steep slope vegetation planting device; Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the steep slope vegetation planting device includes a fixing device 100, a reinforcement net 200 and a drainage pipe 300; The main function of the fixing device 100 is to achieve fixed installation on a steep slope; specifically, the fixing device 100 includes a fixing plate 110 and a prefabricated anchor rod 120; a boss 113 is provided at the bottom of the fixing plate 110; a fixing hole 114 penetrating the boss 113 is provided in the middle position of the fixing plate 110; one end of the prefabricated anchor rod 120 is inserted into the fixing hole 114.

[0020] The main function of the fixing plate 110 is to provide a soil container for planting vegetation, and at the same time, it can play a certain role in storing water. Specifically, the fixing plate 110 is provided with guide grooves 111 extending outward and evenly distributed along the circumference; a hook 112 is provided at one end of the guide groove 111; the prefabricated hook 112 facilitates the installation of the reinforcement net 200, making the installation of the reinforcement net 200 quick and easy.

[0021] In the specific installation process of the fixing device 100, the fixing device 100 can be installed by drilling a mounting hole at the installation position, passing the prefabricated anchor rod 120 through the fixing hole 114, and inserting it into the mounting hole. Furthermore, after the prefabricated anchor rod 120 is inserted into the mounting hole, concrete can be poured into the gap to achieve reinforcement.

[0022] The main function of the reinforcement net 200 is to reinforce the steep slope surface, prevent the stones on the steep slope surface from rolling down, and provide support points for planting vegetation on the steep slope surface. Specifically, the reinforcement net 200 can be a steel wire mesh; for example, a gabion mesh.

[0023] The main function of the drainage pipe 300 is to guide the rainwater on the steep slope surface, to dredge and guide the water stored in the fixed plate 110, and to reasonably distribute the water on the steep slope surface. Specifically, the guide groove 111 is connected to one end of the drainage pipe 300; the bottom surface of the drainage pipe 300 is provided with a drainage hole 310; by providing the drainage hole 310, the water retained in the fixed plate 110 can be guided to other positions on the steep slope surface, so as to provide water for the vegetation at other positions on the steep slope surface and improve the growth environment of the vegetation on the steep slope surface. Specifically, the fixed plate 110 and the prefabricated anchor rod 120 are both prefabricated with concrete steel bars.

[0024] The mine repair steep slope vegetation greening method of the present invention comprises the following steps: 1. Drill a mounting hole at the top of the steep slope so that the mounting hole matches the prefabricated anchor rod 120; Specifically, the construction personnel use a drilling device, such as a wall hole drill, to drill a hole, and dig an installation groove on the installation hole to match the bottom boss of the installation plate 110 .

[0025] 2. Install the fixing plate 110 at the location where the installation hole is drilled; fix the fixing plate 110 by driving the prefabricated anchor rod 120 into the installation hole. A grouting hole 121 is provided in the middle of the prefabricated anchor rod 120, and a grouting hole 122 connected to the grouting hole 121 is provided at the lower end of the prefabricated anchor rod 120.

[0026] After the prefabricated anchor rod 120 is inserted into the installation hole, concrete is injected into the prefabricated anchor rod 120 through the grouting hole 121 of the prefabricated anchor rod 120; the grouting pressure is 1.5~2.0Mpa.

[0027] Then, add soil into the fixing plate; plant creepers in the soil; creepers can spread along the reinforcement net, so that the steep slope surface can be easily covered by planting creepers.

[0028] 3. Hang the reinforcement net 200 on the hook 112 of the fixing plate 110; install the fixing device 100 between the two reinforcement nets; that is, install the fixing device 100 by drilling holes on the steep slope through the hung reinforcement net 200; the specific method of installing the fixing device 100 is the same as the method of installing the fixing plate 110 in step 2. Tighten the two adjacent reinforcement nets 200 through the fixing device 100; by tightening the reinforcement nets 200, the falling of gravel on the steep slope surface is reduced.

[0029] 4. Install a drainage pipe 300 between two adjacent fixing devices 100; hang turf 400 on the reinforcement net 200; the turf 400 is located below the drainage pipe 300; the drainage pipe 300 is provided to facilitate the guidance of rainwater, avoiding the formation of rainwater grooves on the steep slope surface, which causes soil erosion.

[0030] A planting device 500 is mounted on the reinforcement net 200 to plant vegetation; the planting device 500 includes a wall-mounted barrel 510 and a guide tube 520; the main function of the wall-mounted barrel 510 is to achieve suspension on a steep slope and contain planting soil, and to play a certain role in storing water.

[0031] Specifically, the bottom of the wall-mounted barrel 510 is provided with an inclined surface 511; the upper part of the inclined surface 511 is provided with a root hole 515; therefore, a water storage cavity is formed between the inclined surface 511 and the bottom of the inner cavity of the wall-mounted barrel 510, which is convenient for water storage. The second hooks 513 are provided on both sides of the upper end of the inclined surface 511; the second hooks 513 are provided to facilitate the hanging of the wall-mounted barrel 510. The lower end of the inclined surface 511 is provided with a fixing block 512; the fixing block 512 is provided with a through hole 514; by providing the fixing block 512; during the installation process, nails such as anchor nails are inserted into the through hole 514; thereby, it is convenient to reinforce the connection between the wall-mounted barrel 510 and the steep slope surface.

[0032] The main function of the guide tube 520 is to guide the planted vegetation; specifically, the guide tube 520 has a bent neck; one end of the guide tube 520 is detachably connected to the upper end of the wall-mounted barrel 510.

[0033] In order to facilitate the installation of the guide tube 520 on the wall-mounted barrel 510, specifically, a connecting boss 516 is provided at the upper end of the wall-mounted barrel 510; one end of the guide tube 520 is engaged with the connecting boss 516. In order to facilitate the collection of rainwater, further, a bell mouth 521 is provided at the other end of the guide tube 520.

[0034] In order to facilitate the root system to extend to the steep slope after the vegetation grows for a period of time, specifically, crack guiding slits 517 are arranged on both sides of the root holes 515; the root holes 515 have two rows, and the crack guiding slits 517 on one side of two adjacent root holes 515 in the upper row or the lower row are connected; The crack guiding slits 517 on one side of the root holes 515 at both ends of the upper row extend downward; the crack guiding slits 517 on one side of the root holes 515 at both ends of the lower row extend upward; and are aligned with the corresponding crack guiding slits 517 of the upper row of root holes 515, and the spacing D between the two crack guiding slits 517 is 5±0.5mm.

[0035] Since crack guiding slits 517 are arranged on both sides of the root holes 515, when the root system of the vegetation is well developed, the crack guiding slits 517 around the root holes 515 will be pushed open. At the same time, since the crack guiding slits 517 on one side of the root holes 515 at both ends of the upper row extend downward, and the crack guiding slits 517 on one side of the root holes 515 at both ends of the lower row extend upward, and are aligned with the corresponding crack guiding slits 517 of the upper row of root holes 515, the spacing D between the two crack guiding slits 517 is 5±0.5mm. Therefore, after the crack guiding slits 517 are pushed open, it is easy to push out a large hole on the inclined surface 511, so as to facilitate the root system of the vegetation to be implanted into the steep slope surface, which plays a role in reinforcing and maintaining water and soil on the steep slope surface.

[0036] 5. Install a fixing device 100 at the lower end of the reinforcing net 200; tighten the processing net 200 through the fixing devices 100 above and below the processing net 200.

[0037] 6. Add soil into the fixing plate 110 in each fixing device 100 and plant creepers to complete the planting of slope vegetation.

[0038] In summary, the method for vegetation greening on steep slopes for mine restoration described in the present invention achieves coverage of steep slopes by means of fixing devices and reinforcing nets, has a simple structure, is easy to construct, and can effectively reduce costs.

[0039] Secondly, by adding soil to the fixing plate of the fixing device and planting creepers, it is beneficial to achieve rapid greening of vegetation on the steep slope of the mine; at the same time, it is convenient to achieve moisturizing of the steep slope of the mine and avoid soil erosion.

[0040] Thirdly, by arranging drainage pipes between the fixing plates of adjacent fixing devices to guide the flow of rainwater, the occurrence of natural disasters such as mudslides can be avoided, and it is convenient to provide moisture for vegetation planted on steep slopes and facilitate artificial irrigation.

[0041] In a feasible embodiment, in order to facilitate the arrangement of the guide tube 300 on a steep slope, further, the drainage tube 300 is a hose.

[0042] In a feasible embodiment, in order to simplify the construction and reduce the cost, the fixing plate 110 is further prefabricated with concrete and steel bars.

[0043] In a feasible embodiment, in order to prevent the drainage tube from being blocked, a filter screen is provided at the upper opening of the drainage tube 300 .

[0044] In a feasible embodiment, in order to improve the structural stability of the fixing device 100, a grouting hole 121 is further provided in the middle of the prefabricated anchor rod 120, and a grouting hole 122 connected to the grouting hole 121 is provided at the lower end of the prefabricated anchor rod 120. The lower end of the prefabricated anchor rod 120 is conical.

Claims

1. A method for restoring steep slope vegetation in a mine, characterized by: Use steep slope vegetation planting equipment; The steep slope vegetation planting device comprises a fixing device (100), a reinforcement net (200) and a drainage pipe (300); the fixing device (100) comprises a fixing plate (110) and a prefabricated anchor rod (120); a boss (113) is provided at the bottom of the fixing plate (110); a fixing hole (114) penetrating the boss (113) is provided at the middle position of the fixing plate (110); one end of the prefabricated anchor rod (120) is inserted into the fixing hole (114); The fixing plate (110) is provided with guide grooves (111) extending outward and evenly distributed along the circumference; a hook (112) is provided at one end of the guide groove (111); the guide groove (111) is connected to one end of the drainage tube (300); and a drainage hole (310) is provided on the bottom surface of the drainage tube (300); The following steps are also included: S1, drilling a mounting hole at the top of the steep slope surface so that the mounting hole matches the prefabricated anchor rod (120); S2, installing the fixing plate (110) at the location where the installation hole is drilled; fixing the fixing plate (110) by driving the prefabricated anchor rod (120) into the installation hole; adding soil into the fixing plate; and planting creepers in the soil; S3, hanging a reinforcing net (200) on the hook (112) of the fixing plate (110); installing a fixing device (100) between two reinforcing nets; that is, drilling holes on the steep slope to install the fixing device (100) through the hung reinforcing net (200); tightening two adjacent reinforcing nets (200) through the fixing device (100); S4, installing a drainage tube (300) between two adjacent fixing devices (100); hanging turf (400) on the reinforcement net (200); the turf (400) is located below the drainage tube (300); S5, installing a fixing device (100) at the lower end of the reinforcing net (200); tightening the processing net (200) by using the fixing devices (100) above and below the processing net (200); S6. Add soil into the fixing plate (110) in each fixing device (100) and plant creepers to complete the planting of slope vegetation.

2. The method for afforestation of steep slopes in mine restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, vegetation is planted by hanging a planting device (500) on the reinforcement net (200); The planting device (500) comprises a wall-mounted barrel (510) and a guide barrel (520); the bottom of the wall-mounted barrel (510) is provided with an inclined surface (511); the upper part of the inclined surface (511) is provided with a root hole (515); crack guide slits (517) are provided on both sides of the root hole (515); The root penetration holes (515) have two rows, and the crack guiding seams (517) on one side of two adjacent root penetration holes (515) in the upper row or the lower row are connected; The crack guiding slits (517) on one side of the root holes (515) at both ends of the upper row extend downward; the crack guiding slits (517) on one side of the root holes (515) at both ends of the lower row extend upward; and are aligned with the crack guiding slits (517) of the corresponding root holes (515) in the upper row, and the distance D between the two crack guiding slits (517) is 5±0.5 mm; Second hooks (513) are provided on both sides of the upper end of the inclined surface (511); a fixing block (512) is provided at the lower end of the inclined surface (511); and a through hole (514) is provided on the fixing block (512); The guide tube (520) has a bent neck; one end of the guide tube (520) is detachably connected to the upper end of the wall-mounted barrel (510).

3. The method for afforestation of steep slopes in mine restoration as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The upper end of the wall-mounted barrel (510) is provided with a connecting boss (516); one end of the guide tube (520) is snap-connected to the connecting boss (516); and the other end of the guide tube (520) is provided with a bell mouth (521).

4. The method for afforestation of steep slopes in mine restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that: A grouting hole (121) is provided at a middle position of the prefabricated anchor rod (120), and a grouting hole (122) communicating with the grouting hole (121) is provided at a lower end of the prefabricated anchor rod (120); The process of installing the fixing device in steps S2, S3 and S5 also includes the steps of: after the prefabricated anchor rod (120) is inserted into the installation hole, concrete is injected into the prefabricated anchor rod (120) through the grouting hole (121) of the prefabricated anchor rod (120); the grouting pressure is 1.5-2.0 MPa.

5. The method for afforestation of steep slopes in mine restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage tube (300) is a soft tube.

6. The method for afforestation of steep slopes in mine restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing plate (110) is prefabricated using concrete and steel bars.

7. The method for afforestation of steep slopes in mine restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filter screen is provided at the upper opening of the drainage tube (300).

8. The method for afforestation of steep slopes in mine restoration as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The lower end of the prefabricated anchor rod (120) is conical.

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