Rib retractor suitable for incisions of different sizes

Abstract

The invention discloses a rib retractor suitable for incisions of different sizes, and relates to the technical field of medical instruments.The rib retractor comprises a shell, a distraction mechanism is arranged in the shell, the distraction mechanism is in transmission connection with two distraction arms which are arranged in a bilateral symmetry mode, each distraction arm is of a U-shaped structure, and each distraction arm comprises a fixing part; the end, close to the shell, of the fixed part is sleeved with a second movable part, and the end, away from the shell, of the fixed part is sleeved with a first movable part. The two opening arms are in contact with two adjacent ribs respectively, and the opening mechanism is used for driving the two opening arms to move away from each other in the axial direction of the shell, so that the two adjacent ribs are opened. According to the rib distraction device, uniform distraction of ribs can be achieved, the consistency of acting force and distraction distance is ensured, and therefore the operation effect is improved, the discomfort of a patient is reduced, the risk of damage to the ribs and surrounding tissue is reduced, and the rib distraction device is further suitable for incisions of different sizes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, and in particular to a rib retractor suitable for incisions of different sizes. Background Art

[0002] A rib retractor is a medical device used to expand the chest space and retract the ribs. It is usually used during thoracic surgery or intrathoracic operations to provide a better field of view and operating space for the treatment or surgery of various diseases. The main function of a rib retractor is to separate the ribs to expose the organs or tissues in the chest cavity, making it easier for doctors to operate and treat. It usually consists of two or more adjustable arm supports and a connection system, which can adjust the tension and angle as needed.

[0003] A Chinese patent with announcement number CN219250277U discloses a rib retractor for thoracic surgery, including a fixed part, the fixed part includes a tooth plate and a fixed transverse plate, one end of the tooth plate is fixedly connected to the front side wall of the left end of the fixed transverse plate; a movable part, the movable part includes a rectangular movable block, a displacement adjustment component, a height adjustment component and a movable transverse plate, the rectangular movable block is hollow inside, and a rectangular hole is provided on its right side wall, the tooth plate penetrates the front and rear side walls of the rectangular movable block away from the fixed transverse plate and is movably connected thereto, the displacement adjustment component is located on the left side of the tooth plate, it is movably connected to the rectangular movable block, and it is meshed with the tooth plate, the height adjustment component is located on the inner side of the rectangular movable block and is movably connected thereto, the movable transverse plate passes through the rectangular hole and is fixedly connected to the height adjustment component, and a strip cavity is provided on the rear side wall of the movable transverse plate and the front side wall of the fixed transverse plate; a hook claw part, the hook claw part is provided with a plurality of hook claws, which include a fixedly connected hook claw and a connecting component, and the hook claw part is movably connected in the strip concave hole. This prior art achieves the expansion of the patient's ribs through the displacement between two groups of relatively arranged hooks, but the movement distances of the hooks on the same side are the same, and the forces applied to the ribs are also the same. Since one end of the rib is connected to the sternum, when the ribs are expanded, the end of the rib close to the sternum needs to apply a larger force and the expansion distance is smaller, while the end of the rib far from the sternum needs to apply a smaller force and the expansion distance is larger. Therefore, this prior art will cause uneven expansion force of the ribs and inconsistent expansion distances of the ribs, which may cause some ribs to be insufficiently expanded and fail to achieve the desired effect.

[0004] The Chinese patent with the announcement number CN213758389U discloses a rib retractor for thoracic surgery, comprising a cylinder, a connecting block is arranged in the middle of the cylinder, a first screw and a second screw are respectively fixedly connected at both ends of the connecting block, one end of the first screw away from the connecting block is connected to a rotating rod passing through the end face of the cylinder, and one end of the second screw away from the connecting block is rotatably connected to the other end of the cylinder, the threads on the first screw and the second screw are opposite in rotation direction, a first nut and a second nut are respectively screwed on the outside of the first screw and the second screw, a connecting rod is respectively fixed on the first nut and the second nut, a slide groove is opened on the side of the cylinder along the axial direction of the cylinder, one end of the connecting rod passes through the slide groove and extends to the outside of the cylinder, and a plurality of groups of traction parts are symmetrically arranged on the two connecting rods. This prior art only applies force to one area of ​​the ribs, which may cause uneven force on the ribs. Due to the uneven force distribution, the end of the ribs close to the sternum bears a greater force, which may cause discomfort or even pain to the patient. Summary of the invention

[0005] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0006] The existing rib retractors have the disadvantages of the same displacement and the same force, which leads to uneven distraction force, thereby causing discomfort and increased risk when the ribs are distracted, and are not suitable for incisions of different sizes.

[0007] (II) Technical solution

[0008] A rib retractor suitable for incisions of different sizes, comprising a shell, a spreading mechanism disposed inside the shell, the spreading mechanism being transmission-connected to two spreading arms symmetrically disposed on the left and right, the spreading arms being in a U-shaped structure, the spreading arms comprising a fixed portion, a second movable portion being sleeved at one end of the fixed portion close to the shell, and a first movable portion being sleeved at one end of the fixed portion away from the shell;

[0009] The two spreading arms are in contact with two adjacent ribs respectively, and the spreading mechanism is used to drive the two spreading arms to move away from each other along the axial direction of the shell, so that the two adjacent ribs are spread. At the same time, the movement strokes of the second movable part, the fixed part and the first movable part increase successively, and the forces exerted by the second movable part, the fixed part and the first movable part on the ribs decrease successively.

[0010] Preferably, the expansion mechanism includes a first positive and negative screw rod, a second positive and negative screw rod and a third positive and negative screw rod which are arranged parallel to the axial direction of the shell, the left ends of the first positive and negative screw rod, the second positive and negative screw rod and the third positive and negative screw rod are movably connected to the left wall of the inner cavity of the shell, and the right ends of the first positive and negative screw rod, the second positive and negative screw rod and the third positive and negative screw rod are movably penetrated through the right wall of the shell, and the outer surfaces of the first positive and negative screw rod, the second positive and negative screw rod and the third positive and negative screw rod are sequentially threadedly interlaced with the first slider, the second slider and the third slider, and the first slider, the second slider and the third slider are each provided with two, and are symmetrically distributed left and right;

[0011] The right end of the first positive and negative threaded rod is equipped with a first large bevel tooth, which is meshed and connected with a first small bevel tooth; the right end of the second positive and negative threaded rod is equipped with a first medium bevel tooth, which is meshed and connected with a second medium bevel tooth; the right end of the third positive and negative threaded rod is equipped with a second small bevel tooth, which is meshed and connected with a second large bevel tooth;

[0012] A connecting shaft is fixedly inserted between the first small bevel teeth, the second middle bevel teeth and the second large bevel teeth. A worm wheel is installed at the front end of the connecting shaft. The worm wheel is meshed with a worm. One end of the worm is fixedly connected to a hand wheel.

[0013] Preferably, a first connecting rod is installed on the upper end of the first slider, and the other end of the first connecting rod is connected to the first movable part; a second connecting rod is installed on the upper end of the second slider, and the other end of the second connecting rod is connected to the fixed part; a third connecting rod is installed on the upper end of the third slider, and the other end of the third connecting rod is connected to the second movable part.

[0014] Preferably, the first connecting rod, the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod are staggered in sequence.

[0015] Preferably, a second guide rail is installed at one end of the second movable portion away from the opening, and a second movable member is slidably connected in the second guide rail.

[0016] Preferably, the second movable member comprises a ball head seat, the ball head seat is slidably connected to the second guide rail, a ball head is movably connected to the inner cavity of the ball head seat, and the ball head is fixedly connected to the third connecting rod.

[0017] Preferably, a movable connecting piece is installed at one end of the fixing portion away from the opening.

[0018] Preferably, a first guide rail is installed at one end of the first movable portion away from the opening, and a first movable member is slidably connected to an inner cavity of the first guide rail. The structure of the first movable member is the same as that of the second movable member.

[0019] (III) Beneficial effects

[0020] 1. By setting the fixed part, the first movable part and the second movable part of the spreading arm, different forces can be applied to different areas of the ribs. The second movable part is used to apply the maximum force to the area close to the sternum, while the first movable part is used to apply a smaller force to the area far from the sternum. In this way, the force can be evenly distributed during the rib spreading process, avoiding discomfort and increased risk caused by concentrated force.

[0021] 2. By applying different forces and movement strokes to the fixed part, the first movable part and the second movable part through the expansion mechanism, it can be ensured that the force applied by the second movable part is the largest, but the movement distance is the smallest; while the force applied by the first movable part is the smallest, but the movement distance is the largest. In this way, the ribs in different areas can obtain a consistent expansion distance during the expansion process, thereby improving the uniformity and controllability of the expansion effect.

[0022] 3. The distances between the first movable part, the second movable part and the fixed part can be adjusted, that is, the length of the entire expansion arm can be adjusted according to the size of the incision. At the same time, the first movable part, the second movable part and the fixed part can all rotate freely, and can keep a close fit with the ribs during the rib expansion process, avoiding excessive force on a certain area of ​​the ribs, reducing the patient's discomfort, and reducing the risk of damage to the ribs and surrounding tissues. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the entire rib retractor provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the entire rib retractor proposed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the initial state of the open arms in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the propping mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spreading arm in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the connection structure between the spreading arm and the spreading mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7Schematic diagram of the installation structure of the spreading arm in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the second movable part in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the second movable member in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] In the figure: 1, housing; 11, first slide; 12, second slide; 13, third slide; 3, protective cover; 4, spreading arm; 41, fixed part; 411, movable connecting member; 42, first movable part; 421, first guide rail; 422, first movable member; 43, second movable part; 431, second guide rail; 432, second movable member; 4321, ball head seat; 4322, ball head;

[0034] 2. Opening mechanism; 21. First positive and negative threaded screw; 22. Second positive and negative threaded screw; 23. Third positive and negative threaded screw; 24. First slider; 25. Second slider; 26. Third slider; 27. First large bevel gear; 28. First small bevel gear; 29. ​​First middle bevel gear; 30. Second middle bevel gear; 31. Second small bevel gear; 32. Second large bevel gear; 33. Connecting shaft; 34. Worm gear; 35. Worm; 36. Hand wheel; 37. First connecting rod; 38. Second connecting rod; 39. Third connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] Embodiment 1

[0037] See also Figure 1-Figure 9The present embodiment provides a rib retractor suitable for incisions of different sizes, including a shell 1. In the present embodiment, two first slide grooves 11, two second slide grooves 12 and two third slide grooves 13 are provided at the upper end of the shell 1, and the first slide groove 11 is slidably connected to the first connecting rod 37, the second slide groove 12 is slidably connected to the second connecting rod 38, and the third slide groove 13 is slidably connected to the third connecting rod 39. A protective cover 3 is installed at one end of the shell 1, and the connecting shaft 33 is movably connected to the protective cover 3, and the bevel teeth and other parts are protected by the protective cover 3. An expansion mechanism 2 is arranged inside the shell 1, and the expansion mechanism 2 is transmission-connected to two expansion arms 4 which are symmetrically arranged on the left and right. In the present embodiment, medical silica gel is adhered to the inner cavity of the expansion arm 4 to reduce the pressure on the ribs. The expansion arm 4 is in a U-shaped structure to increase the contact area with the ribs. The expansion arm 4 includes a fixed portion 41, and the end of the fixed portion 41 close to the shell 1 is sleeved with the second movable portion 43, and the end of the fixed portion 41 away from the shell 1 is sleeved with the first movable portion 42.

[0038] Among them, the two spreading arms 4 are in contact with two adjacent ribs respectively, and the spreading mechanism 2 is used to drive the two spreading arms 4 to move away from each other along the axial direction of the shell 1, so that the two adjacent ribs are spread. At the same time, the movement strokes of the second movable part 43, the fixed part 41 and the first movable part 42 increase successively, and the forces exerted by the second movable part 43, the fixed part 41 and the first movable part 42 on the ribs decrease successively. The expansion arm 4 contacts the ribs, and the expansion arm 4 consists of a fixed part 41, a first movable part 42 and a second movable part 43, wherein the fixed part 41 contacts the middle area of ​​the ribs, the first movable part 42 contacts the area of ​​the ribs away from the sternum, and the second movable part 43 contacts the area of ​​the ribs close to the sternum. Different forces and movement strokes are applied to the fixed part 41, the first movable part 42 and the second movable part 43 by the expansion mechanism 2, so that the force applied by the second movable part 43 is the largest, but the movement distance is the smallest, and the force applied by the first movable part 42 is the smallest, but the movement distance is the largest. Uniform expansion of the ribs can be achieved, ensuring the consistency of the force and the expansion distance, thereby improving the effect of the operation, reducing the patient's discomfort, and reducing the risk of damage to the ribs and surrounding tissues.

[0039] Specifically, the expansion mechanism 2 includes a first positive and negative threaded rod 21, a second positive and negative threaded rod 22 and a third positive and negative threaded rod 23 which are arranged axially parallel to the housing 1. The left ends of the first positive and negative threaded rod 21, the second positive and negative threaded rod 22 and the third positive and negative threaded rod 23 are movably connected to the left wall of the inner cavity of the housing 1, and the right ends of the first positive and negative threaded rod 21, the second positive and negative threaded rod 22 and the third positive and negative threaded rod 23 are movably connected to the left wall of the inner cavity of the housing 1. The surface is threadedly interspersed with a first slider 24, a second slider 25 and a third slider 26 in sequence. Two of the first slider 24, the second slider 25 and the third slider 26 are each provided with a symmetrical distribution on the left and right sides. The two first sliders 24 are driven to move synchronously toward or away from each other by the rotation of the first positive and negative screw rod 21, the two second sliders 25 are driven to move synchronously toward or away from each other by the rotation of the second positive and negative screw rod 22, and the two third sliders 26 are driven to move synchronously toward or away from each other by the rotation of the third positive and negative screw rod 23.

[0040] The right end of the first positive and negative threaded rod 21 is equipped with a first large bevel tooth 27, and the first large bevel tooth 27 is meshed with a first small bevel tooth 28. The right end of the second positive and negative threaded rod 22 is equipped with a first medium bevel tooth 29, and the first medium bevel tooth 29 is meshed with a second medium bevel tooth 30. The right end of the third positive and negative threaded rod 23 is equipped with a second small bevel tooth 31, and the second small bevel tooth 31 is meshed with a second large bevel tooth 32. The output torque and the motion stroke are adjusted by adjusting the diameter of the bevel teeth, wherein the first small bevel tooth 28 drives the first large bevel tooth 27 to rotate. The second movable part 43 is movable, which plays a role of deceleration and torque increase, so that the second movable part 43 can apply a larger force to the area of ​​the ribs close to the sternum, and the expansion distance of this area is the smallest. The second middle bevel tooth 30 drives the first middle bevel tooth 29 to rotate, so that the fixed part 41 can apply a medium force to the middle area of ​​the ribs, and the expansion distance of this area is moderate. The second large bevel tooth 32 drives the second small bevel tooth 31 to rotate, which plays a role of acceleration and deceleration torque, so that the first movable part 42 can apply a smaller force to the area of ​​the ribs far from the sternum, and the expansion distance of this area is the largest.

[0041] A connecting shaft 33 is fixedly inserted and connected between the first small bevel teeth 28, the second middle bevel teeth 30 and the second large bevel teeth 32. A worm wheel 34 is installed at the front end of the connecting shaft 33. The worm wheel 34 is meshed with a worm 35. One end of the worm 35 is fixedly connected to a hand wheel 36. The hand wheel 36 drives the worm 35 to rotate, the worm 35 drives the worm wheel 34 to rotate, the worm wheel 34 drives the connecting shaft 33 to rotate, and the connecting shaft 33 drives the first small bevel teeth 28, the second middle bevel teeth 30 and the second large bevel teeth 32 to rotate synchronously.

[0042] A first connecting rod 37 is installed at the upper end of the first slider 24, and the other end of the first connecting rod 37 is connected to the first movable part 42. A second connecting rod 38 is installed at the upper end of the second slider 25, and the other end of the second connecting rod 38 is connected to the fixed part 41. A third connecting rod 39 is installed at the upper end of the third slider 26, and the other end of the third connecting rod 39 is connected to the second movable part 43.

[0043] Since the second movable part 43, the fixed part 41 and the first movable part 42 have different movement ranges, in order to avoid collision among the three, in this embodiment, the first connecting rod 37, the second connecting rod 38 and the third connecting rod 39 are staggered in sequence, that is, the first connecting rod 37 is the highest and located on the outermost side, which is convenient for the first movable part 42 to move the largest movement range, the third connecting rod 39 is the shortest and located on the innermost side, which is convenient for the second movable part 43 to move the smallest movement range, and the second connecting rod 38 is in the middle.

[0044] Specifically, a second guide rail 431 is installed at the end of the second movable part 43 away from the opening, and a second movable part 432 is slidably connected inside the second guide rail 431. An interference fit is adopted between the second guide rail 431 and the second movable part 432, that is, the second movable part 43 can move along the axial direction of the second guide rail 431, so that the distance between it and the fixed part 41 is changed, so as to adapt to incisions of different sizes.

[0045] Specifically, the second movable part 432 includes a ball head seat 4321, the ball head seat 4321 is slidably connected to the second guide rail 431, the inner cavity of the ball head seat 4321 is movably connected to a ball head 4322, and the ball head 4322 is fixedly connected to the third connecting rod 39. Through the cooperation of the ball head 4322 and the ball head seat 4321, the second movable part 43 can be rotated arbitrarily within a certain range, and can maintain a close fit with the ribs during the rib expansion process.

[0046] Specifically, a movable connecting member 411 is installed at one end of the fixing portion 41 away from the opening. The structure of the movable connecting member 411 is similar to that of the second movable member 432.

[0047] Specifically, a first guide rail 421 is installed at one end of the first movable portion 42 away from the opening, and a first movable member 422 is slidably connected to an inner cavity of the first guide rail 421 . The structure of the first movable member 422 is the same as that of the second movable member 432 .

[0048] Embodiment 2

[0049] The structure and principle of the second embodiment are basically the same as those of the first embodiment, except that the worm 35 is driven by a motor, thereby realizing automatic driving and rotation of the worm 35 .

[0050] In the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", "another", and "yet another" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0051] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0052] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will appreciate that numerous changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A rib retractor suitable for incisions of different sizes, comprising a housing (1), characterized in that: An opening mechanism (2) is arranged inside the housing (1); the opening mechanism (2) is drivingly connected to two opening arms (4) arranged symmetrically on the left and right; the opening arms (4) are in a U-shaped structure; the opening arms (4) include a fixed portion (41); an end of the fixed portion (41) close to the housing (1) is sleeved with a second movable portion (43); and an end of the fixed portion (41) away from the housing (1) is sleeved with a first movable portion (42); The two spreading arms (4) are in contact with two adjacent ribs respectively, and the spreading mechanism (2) is used to drive the two spreading arms (4) to move away from each other along the axial direction of the shell (1), so that the two adjacent ribs are spread apart, and at the same time, the movement strokes of the second movable part (43), the fixed part (41) and the first movable part (42) increase in sequence, and the forces exerted on the ribs by the second movable part (43), the fixed part (41) and the first movable part (42) decrease in sequence.

2. A rib retractor suitable for incisions of different sizes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening mechanism (2) comprises a first positive and negative threaded rod (21), a second positive and negative threaded rod (22) and a third positive and negative threaded rod (23) which are arranged axially parallel to the housing (1); the left ends of the first positive and negative threaded rod (21), the second positive and negative threaded rod (22) and the third positive and negative threaded rod (23) are movably connected to the left wall of the inner cavity of the housing (1); the right ends of the first positive and negative threaded rod (21), the second positive and negative threaded rod (22) and the third positive and negative threaded rod (23) are movably penetrated through the right wall of the housing (1); the outer surfaces of the first positive and negative threaded rod (21), the second positive and negative threaded rod (22) and the third positive and negative threaded rod (23) are threadedly interlaced with a first slider (24), a second slider (25) and a third slider (26) in sequence; the first slider (24), the second slider (25) and the third slider (26) are each provided with two, and are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides; The right end of the first positive and negative threaded rod (21) is provided with a first large bevel tooth (27), the first large bevel tooth (27) is meshedly connected with a first small bevel tooth (28), the right end of the second positive and negative threaded rod (22) is provided with a first middle bevel tooth (29), the first middle bevel tooth (29) is meshedly connected with a second middle bevel tooth (30), the right end of the third positive and negative threaded rod (23) is provided with a second small bevel tooth (31), the second small bevel tooth (31) is meshedly connected with a second large bevel tooth (32); A connecting shaft (33) is fixedly inserted and connected between the first small bevel teeth (28), the second middle bevel teeth (30) and the second large bevel teeth (32); a worm wheel (34) is installed at the front end of the connecting shaft (33); the worm wheel (34) is meshingly connected with a worm (35); and one end of the worm (35) is fixedly connected with a hand wheel (36).

3. A rib retractor suitable for incisions of different sizes according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first connecting rod (37) is installed at the upper end of the first slider (24), and the other end of the first connecting rod (37) is connected to the first movable part (42). A second connecting rod (38) is installed at the upper end of the second slider (25), and the other end of the second connecting rod (38) is connected to the fixed part (41). A third connecting rod (39) is installed at the upper end of the third slider (26), and the other end of the third connecting rod (39) is connected to the second movable part (43).

4. The rib retractor suitable for incisions of different sizes according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first connecting rod (37), the second connecting rod (38) and the third connecting rod (39) are sequentially arranged in a staggered manner.

5. The rib retractor suitable for incisions of different sizes according to claim 3, characterized in that: A second guide rail (431) is installed at one end of the second movable portion (43) away from the opening, and a second movable member (432) is slidably connected inside the second guide rail (431).

6. The rib retractor suitable for incisions of different sizes according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second movable member (432) comprises a ball head seat (4321), the ball head seat (4321) is slidably connected to the second guide rail (431), the inner cavity of the ball head seat (4321) is movably connected to a ball head (4322), and the ball head (4322) is fixedly connected to the third connecting rod (39).

7. The rib retractor suitable for incisions of different sizes according to claim 3, characterized in that: A movable connecting piece (411) is installed at one end of the fixing portion (41) away from the opening.

8. The rib retractor suitable for incisions of different sizes according to claim 6, characterized in that: A first guide rail (421) is installed at one end of the first movable portion (42) away from the opening, and a first movable member (422) is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the first guide rail (421), and the structure of the first movable member (422) is the same as that of the second movable member (432).

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