Integrated Absorption Reaction Device for Ship Desulfurization and Decarbonization

Abstract

The present invention discloses an integrated absorption reaction device for ship desulfurization and decarbonization, which relates to the field of carbon capture. An intake part forms an intake space, and an outlet part forms an outlet space. A desorption tower is also arranged in the intake space. A rich liquid spray port is arranged in the desorption tower. The desorption tower is connected with a rich liquid pipeline, and the rich liquid pipeline communicates with the rich liquid spray port. A lean liquid collection area is formed at the bottom of the desorption tower, and the bottom of the desorption tower is connected with a lean liquid pipeline. The outlet space includes a desulfurization area and a decarbonization area. The desulfurization area includes a seawater spray port located in the upper part and a seawater collection area located in the bottom part. The decarbonization area includes a lean liquid spray port located in the upper part and a rich liquid collection area located in the bottom part. The lean liquid pipeline passes through the seawater collection area and then communicates with the lean liquid spray port. The rich liquid collection area communicates with the rich liquid pipeline. The present invention integrates the desorption tower, the desulfurization area and the decarbonization area into one device, greatly reducing the total weight of the integrated absorption reaction device and the space occupied by the ship.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of carbon capture, and particularly to an integrated absorption reaction device for desulfurization and decarbonization of ships. Background Art

[0002] The current organic amine method ship desulfurization and decarbonization system requires components such as a desulfurization and decarbonization absorption tower, a decarbonization desorption tower, a rich and lean liquid heat exchanger, a reboiler, a lean liquid cooler, and a waste heat utilization heat exchanger. These discrete components occupy a large amount of ship space and greatly increase the dead weight of the ship. The present invention integrates the above-mentioned tower bodies, heat exchangers and other components into one tower body, greatly reducing the total weight of the system and the space occupied by the ship.

[0003] Therefore, there is a need to provide an integrated absorption reaction device for ship desulfurization and decarbonization to at least partially solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated absorption reaction device for ship desulfurization and decarbonization. The integrated absorption reaction device of the present application integrates a desorption tower, a desulfurization area and a decarbonization area into one device, greatly reducing the total weight of the integrated absorption reaction device and the space occupied by the ship.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an integrated absorption reaction device for ship desulfurization and decarbonization. The integrated absorption reaction device includes an air inlet part and an air outlet part. The air inlet part is arranged on one side of the air outlet part, and the bottom of the air inlet part is connected to the lower part of the air outlet part through a pipeline.

[0006] The air inlet part forms an air inlet space, and the air outlet part forms an air outlet space. The air flow direction in the air inlet space is downward, and the air flow direction in the air outlet space is upward.

[0007] A desorption tower is further arranged in the air inlet space. A rich liquid spray port is arranged in the desorption tower. The desorption tower is connected with a rich liquid pipeline, and the rich liquid pipeline communicates with the rich liquid spray port. The bottom of the desorption tower forms a lean liquid collecting area, and the bottom of the desorption tower is connected with a lean liquid pipeline.

[0008] The air outlet space includes a desulfurization area and a decarbonization area. The desulfurization area is located below the decarbonization area. The desulfurization area includes a seawater spray port at the upper part and a seawater collecting area at the bottom. The decarbonization area includes a lean liquid spray port at the upper part and a rich liquid collecting area at the bottom. The lean liquid pipeline passes through the seawater collecting area and then communicates with the lean liquid spray port. The rich liquid collecting area communicates with the rich liquid pipeline.

[0009] In certain embodiments, the decarbonization zone is provided with a midstream pipe, and the midstream pipe divides the decarbonization zone into a functional zone and a non-functional zone. The area outside the midstream pipe of the decarbonization zone is the functional zone, and the area inside the midstream pipe is the non-functional zone. When the decarbonization zone performs the decarbonization function, the flue gas flows out from the functional zone through decarbonization. When the decarbonization zone does not perform the decarbonization function, the flue gas flows out from the non-functional zone, and the lean liquid spray port is arranged in the functional zone.

[0010] In some embodiments, the rich liquid pipeline is provided with a gate valve on the side connected to the desorption tower, one end of the gate valve is connected to the rich liquid collecting area, and the other end is connected to the lean liquid pipeline. When the decarbonization zone performs the decarbonization function, the gate valve is connected to the rich liquid collecting area, and when the decarbonization zone does not perform the decarbonization function, the gate valve is connected to the lean liquid pipeline.

[0011] In certain embodiments, a regulating valve is provided above the midstream pipeline, and the regulating valve is used to control the amount of flue gas flowing out of the midstream pipeline. When the regulating valve is fully opened, the selection valve is connected to the lean liquid pipeline.

[0012] In certain embodiments, the functional area further includes a decarbonization filler, a decarbonization rectifier plate and a decarbonization demister, the decarbonization demister is arranged above the lean liquid spray port, and the decarbonization filler and the decarbonization rectifier plate are arranged in sequence below the lean liquid spray port.

[0013] In certain embodiments, the midstream pipeline is connected to a guide plate on the side of the decarburization rectifying plate away from the decarburization filler, and the guide plate is used to guide the rich liquid.

[0014] In certain embodiments, a demister, a packing layer and an air lift cap are sequentially arranged from top to bottom in the desorption tower, and the rich liquid spray port is arranged between the demister and the packing layer.

[0015] In some embodiments, a re-spray port is provided between the packing layer and the gas lift cap, the lean liquid collection area is connected with a re-spray pipe, the re-spray pipe surrounds the desorption tower upward and enters the desorption tower between the demister and the packing layer and passes through the packing layer to connect to the re-spray port, and the re-spray pipe is provided with a reboiler pump on one side of the lean liquid collection area.

[0016] In certain embodiments, the bottom of the desorption tower is in an inverted cone shape, the lean liquid pipeline is connected to the bottom of the desorption tower, and the lean liquid pipeline is provided with a lean liquid pump on one side of the lean liquid spray port.

[0017] In certain embodiments, a cooling spray port is provided in the air intake space below the desorption tower.

[0018] In some embodiments, the gas outlet part further includes a liquid collecting part, which is disposed around the inner wall of the gas outlet part and is inclined upward to form the rich liquid collecting area. The liquid collecting part is hollow to form a ventilation port, and the ventilation port is used to release the flue gas after desulfurization.

[0019] In some embodiments, a rich liquid level monitor is provided in the rich liquid collecting area.

[0020] In some embodiments, a liquid collecting and discharging device is provided at the bottom of the gas outlet part. The liquid collecting and discharging device includes a liquid discharging part and a liquid seal part. The height of the seawater liquid discharging port of the liquid discharging part is higher than the lowest liquid level of the seawater collecting area. The liquid seal part covers the liquid discharging part, and the lean liquid pipeline passes through the liquid seal part and winds around the outside of the liquid seal part.

[0021] In some embodiments, a gas rectifying plate is provided below the seawater spraying port.

[0022] In some embodiments, the desulfurization area further includes a desulfurization demister, which is disposed above the seawater spraying port.

[0023] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The integrated absorption reaction device of the present application integrates the desorption tower, the desulfurization area and the decarbonization area into one device, greatly reducing the total weight of the integrated absorption reaction device and the space occupied by the ship.

[0025] The additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be partly given in the following description, partly will become obvious from the following description, or will be understood through the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become obvious and easy to understand from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, wherein:

[0027] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional schematic view of the integrated absorption reaction device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Reference numerals: integrated absorption reaction device 100, intake section 10, outlet section 12, intake space 14, outlet space 16, desorption tower 18, rich liquid spray port 20, rich liquid pipeline 22, lean liquid collection area 24, lean liquid pipeline 26, desulfurization area 28, decarbonization area 30, seawater spray port 32, seawater collection area 34, lean liquid spray port 36, rich liquid collection area 38, intermediate flow pipeline 40, functional area 42, non-functional area 44, selector valve 46, regulating valve 48, decarbonization packing 50, decarbonization rectifying plate 52, decarbonization demister 54, demister 56, packing layer 58, riser cap 60, re-spray port 62, re-spray pipe 64, reboiler pump 66, lean liquid pump 68, cooling spray port 70, collection section 72, rich liquid level monitor 74, vent port 76, drainage plate 78, liquid outlet section 82, liquid seal section 84, seawater outlet 86, desulfurization demister 88, gas rectifying plate 90. Detailed implementation mode

[0029] The following details the implementation modes of the present invention. Examples of the implementation modes are shown in the accompanying drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions throughout. The implementation modes described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention and should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically and clearly defined.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected to" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection. It can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0032] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may include direct contact between the first and second features, or may include indirect contact between the first and second features through additional features therebetween. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on top of" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath" and "underneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicating that the horizontal height of the first feature is lower than that of the second feature.

[0033] The present disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different structures of the present invention. To simplify the disclosure of the present invention, components and settings of specific examples are described herein. Of course, they are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the present invention may repeat reference numerals and / or reference letters in different examples. Such repetition is for the purpose of simplification and clarity, and does not itself indicate the relationship between various embodiments and / or settings discussed. In addition, the present invention provides examples of various specific processes and materials, but those of ordinary skill in the art may be aware of the application of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0034] According to one aspect of the present invention, referring to Figure 1 , there is provided an integrated absorption reaction device 100 for desulfurization and decarbonization of ships. The integrated absorption reaction device 100 includes an air inlet part 10 and an air outlet part 12. The air inlet part 10 is arranged on one side of the air outlet part 12, and the bottom of the air inlet part 10 is connected to the lower part of the air outlet part 12 through a pipeline. The air inlet part 10 forms an air inlet space 14, and the air outlet part 12 forms an air outlet space 16. The air flow direction in the air inlet space 14 is downward, and the air flow direction in the air outlet space 16 is upward. A desorption tower 18 is further arranged in the air inlet space 14. A rich liquid spray port 20 is arranged in the desorption tower 18. The desorption tower 18 is connected to a rich liquid pipeline 22, and the rich liquid pipeline 22 communicates with the rich liquid spray port 20. A lean liquid collecting area 24 is formed at the bottom of the desorption tower 18, and the bottom of the desorption tower 18 is connected to a lean liquid pipeline 26. The air outlet space 16 includes a desulfurization area 28 and a decarbonization area 30. The desulfurization area 28 is located below the decarbonization area 30. The desulfurization area 28 includes a seawater spray port 32 located in the upper part and a seawater collecting area 34 located at the bottom. The decarbonization area 30 includes a lean liquid spray port 36 located in the upper part and a rich liquid collecting area 38 located at the bottom. The lean liquid pipeline 26 passes through the seawater collecting area 34 and then communicates with the lean liquid spray port 36. The rich liquid collecting area 38 communicates with the rich liquid pipeline 22.

[0035] Specifically, referring to Figure 1, the integrated absorption reaction device 100 of the present application is used for ship desulfurization and decarbonization. The rich liquid refers to the amine liquid rich in carbon dioxide, and the lean liquid refers to the amine liquid basically free of carbon dioxide. The present invention integrates the functions of desorption, desulfurization, and decarbonization into one tower body. Specifically, a desorption tower 18 is arranged in the air inlet part 10, and the desorption tower 18 is used for desorbing the rich liquid. Since the desorption tower 18 is arranged in the air inlet part 10, it can also exchange heat with the high-temperature flue gas. While exchanging heat, the high-temperature flue gas can heat and desorb the rich liquid. The gas outlet part 12 is provided with a desulfurization area 28 and a decarbonization area 30. The desulfurization area 28 and the decarbonization area 30 are arranged in one tower body. The desulfurization area 28 is arranged below the decarbonization area 30, and the flue gas enters the decarbonization area 30 through the desulfurization area 28.

[0036] The high-temperature flue gas enters the integrated absorption reaction device 100 from the air inlet part 10, exchanges heat with the desorption tower 18 in the air inlet part 10. The rich liquid sprayed from the rich liquid spray port 20 in the desorption tower 18 is transported by the rich liquid pipeline 22. The rich liquid desorbs to generate lean liquid and carbon dioxide in the high-temperature environment. The generated lean liquid flows through the seawater collection area 34 at the bottom of the gas outlet part 12 through the lean liquid pipeline 26. After exchanging cold with seawater, the lean liquid flows to the lean liquid spray port 36 of the decarbonization area 30. The high-temperature flue gas flows from the air inlet part 10 to the gas outlet part 12. The high-temperature flue gas entering the gas outlet part 12 first enters the desulfurization area 28, is desulfurized by seawater spraying in the desulfurization area 28, then enters the decarbonization area 30, contacts with the lean liquid in the decarbonization area 30 to remove carbon dioxide, and then flows out of the integrated absorption reaction device 100 of the present application.

[0037] In this way, the integrated absorption reaction device 100 of the present application integrates the desorption tower 18, the desulfurization area 28, and the decarbonization area 30 into one device, greatly reducing the total weight of the integrated absorption reaction device 100 and the occupied space of the ship.

[0038] In some embodiments, a middle flow pipeline 40 is arranged in the decarbonization area 30. The middle flow pipeline 40 divides the decarbonization area 30 into a functional area 42 and a non-functional area 44. The area outside the middle flow pipeline 40 in the decarbonization area 30 is the functional area 42, and the area inside the middle flow pipeline 40 is the non-functional area 44. When the decarbonization area 30 performs the decarbonization function, the flue gas flows out through the functional area 42 after decarbonization. When the decarbonization area 30 does not perform the decarbonization function, the flue gas flows out from the non-functional area 44. The lean liquid spray port 36 is arranged in the functional area 42.

[0039] Specifically, the middle flow pipeline 40 in the decarbonization area 30 divides the decarbonization area 30 into a functional area 42 and a non-functional area 44. The functional area 42 can play a role in decarbonization, and the non-functional area 44 has no decarbonization function. In this way, the integrated absorption reaction device 100 of the present application can stop the decarbonization work when the ship's decarbonization amount has met the relevant indicators, which can reduce the workload and avoid waste of amine liquid at the same time.

[0040] In some embodiments, a selector valve 46 is provided on one side of the rich liquid pipeline 22 that connects to the desorption tower 18. One end of the selector valve 46 communicates with the rich liquid collecting area 38, and the other end communicates with the lean liquid pipeline 26. When the decarbonization area 30 performs the decarbonization function, the selector valve 46 communicates with the rich liquid collecting area 38. When the decarbonization area 30 does not perform the decarbonization function, the selector valve 46 communicates with the lean liquid pipeline 26.

[0041] Specifically, when the decarbonization area 30 performs the decarbonization function, the selector valve 46 communicates with the rich liquid collecting area 38. The rich liquid in the rich liquid collecting area 38 can flow through the rich liquid pipeline 22 to the desorption tower 18 for desorption, and then pass through the seawater collecting area 34 and be sprayed through the lean liquid spray nozzle 36 to realize the circulation of the amine liquid and the decarbonization of the flue gas. When the decarbonization area 30 does not perform the decarbonization function, the selector valve 46 communicates with the lean liquid pipeline 26, and all the amine liquid flows through the lean liquid pipeline 26 to the lean liquid spray nozzle 36 and is sprayed to the rich liquid collecting area 38 for storage.

[0042] In some embodiments, a regulating valve 48 is provided above the middle flow pipeline 40. The regulating valve 48 is used to control the amount of flue gas flowing out of the middle flow pipeline 40. When the regulating valve 48 is fully open, the selector valve 46 communicates with the lean liquid pipeline 26.

[0043] Specifically, the regulating valve 48 provided on the middle flow pipeline 40 can control the amount of flue gas flowing out of the middle flow pipeline 40. In some embodiments, the amount of flue gas decarbonization in the functional area 42 can be controlled by controlling the opening size of the regulating valve 48. When the regulating valve 48 is fully open, that is, when the decarbonization area 30 does not need to perform the decarbonization function, the selector valve 46 communicates with the lean liquid pipeline 26, and all the amine liquid flows through the lean liquid pipeline 26 to the lean liquid spray nozzle 36 and is sprayed to the rich liquid collecting area 38 for storage.

[0044] In some embodiments, when the decarbonization function does not need to be turned on, the regulating valve 48 remains fully open, and at this time, the flue gas directly discharges from the middle flow pipeline 40 to the atmosphere. When all the flue gas needs to be decarbonized, the regulating valve 48 is kept fully closed. When partially decarbonizing, the regulating valve 48 will automatically adjust the opening according to the required amount of flue gas.

[0045] Specifically, when decarbonization is not required, all the amine liquid needs to be discharged outside the desorption tower 18 to prevent the amine liquid from deteriorating due to excessive temperature. Therefore, when decarbonization is not carried out, the selector valve 46 communicates with the lean liquid pipeline 26. At this time, the lean liquid pump 68 finally empties all the amine liquid from the desorption tower 18. And the lean liquid pump 68 finally stores the amine liquid in the rich liquid collecting area 38 at the top of the desulfurization area 28. When decarbonization needs to be turned on, the selector valve 46 communicates with the rich liquid collecting area 38. At this time, the amine liquid can circulate again to achieve the functions of absorption and desorption.

[0046] In some embodiments, the functional area 42 also includes a decarbonization filler 50, a decarbonization rectifying plate 52 and a decarbonization demister 54. The decarbonization demister 54 is arranged above the lean liquid spray port 36, and the decarbonization filler 50 and the decarbonization rectifying plate 52 are arranged below the lean liquid spray port 36 in sequence.

[0047] Specifically, after the flue gas enters the functional area 42, it passes through the decarbonization rectifying plate 52, which rectify the flue gas so that the flue gas flows upward regularly. The lean liquid spray port 36 sprays lean liquid to the decarbonization filler 50, and the flue gas enters the decarbonization filler 50. The presence of the decarbonization filler 50 can increase the contact area between the flue gas and the lean liquid, thereby improving the decarbonization effect. The decarbonized flue gas passes through the decarbonization demister 54, which can remove the lean liquid remaining in the flue gas to avoid the waste of the lean liquid flowing out with the flue gas.

[0048] In some embodiments, the midstream pipeline 40 is connected to a guide plate 78 on the side of the decarburization rectifying plate 52 facing away from the decarburization filler 50 , and the guide plate 78 is used to guide the rich liquid.

[0049] Specifically, the guide plate 78 is arranged on the side of the rectifying plate away from the decarbonization filler 50. The lean liquid sprayed from the lean liquid spray port 36 is decarbonized by the decarbonization filler 50 to form a rich liquid. The rich liquid falls, and the guide plate 78 can guide the rich liquid to the rich liquid collecting area 38 below.

[0050] In certain embodiments, a demister 56 , a packing layer 58 , and an air lift cap 60 are sequentially arranged in the desorption tower 18 from top to bottom, and the rich liquid spray port 20 is arranged between the demister 56 and the packing layer 58 .

[0051] Specifically, due to the heat exchange effect of the high-temperature flue gas, the desorption tower 18 is a high-temperature environment, and the rich liquid spray port 20 in the desorption tower 18 sprays rich liquid, and the rich liquid falls on the packing layer 58, so that the surface area of ​​the rich liquid becomes larger, which is convenient for the desorption of the rich liquid. The carbon dioxide generated by the desorption of the rich liquid rises and passes through the demister 56 to remove the amine liquid therein, and then flows out from the outlet of the desorption tower 18.

[0052] In some embodiments, a re-spray port 62 is provided between the packing layer 58 and the gas lift cap 60, and the lean liquid collecting area 24 is connected to a re-spray pipe 64. The re-spray pipe 64 surrounds the desorption tower 18 upward and enters the desorption tower 18 between the demister 56 and the packing layer 58 and passes through the packing layer 58 to connect to the re-spray port 62. The re-spray pipe 64 is provided with a reboiler pump 66 on one side of the lean liquid collecting area 24.

[0053] Specifically, a part of the lean liquid in the lean liquid collecting area 24 is pumped by the reboiler pump 66 through the re-spraying pipe 64 and then connected to the re-spraying port 62. Among them, the re-spraying pipe 64 surrounds the desorption tower 18 upward, facilitating heat exchange and temperature rise with the high-temperature flue gas. After heat exchange and temperature rise, the lean liquid reaches the re-spraying port 62 for spraying. The steam generated by the heated lean liquid and part of the high-temperature carbon dioxide gas rise from the bottom to the packing position to heat the rich liquid on the packing, further enhancing the desorption effect of the rich liquid.

[0054] In some embodiments, the bottom of the desorption tower 18 is in an inverted conical shape. The lean liquid pipeline 26 communicates with the bottom of the desorption tower 18, and a lean liquid pump 68 is provided on one side of the lean liquid spraying port 36 of the lean liquid pipeline 26.

[0055] Specifically, the conical bottom of the desorption tower 18 facilitates liquid collection. The lean liquid pump 68 provided on the lean liquid pipeline 26 can pump the lean liquid in the lean liquid collecting area 24 to the lean liquid spraying port 36.

[0056] In some embodiments, a cooling spraying port 70 is provided below the desorption tower 18 in the intake space 14.

[0057] Specifically, after the flue gas completes heat exchange with the desorption tower 18 in the intake space 14, the cooling spraying port 70 provided below the desorption tower 18 sprays seawater to further cool the flue gas. In some embodiments, after the high-temperature flue gas enters the intake space 14, it is cooled by heat absorption through the wall of the desorption tower 18 and the re-spraying pipe 64, and the temperature drops from above 250 degrees Celsius to about 140 degrees Celsius. Then, the flue gas is further cooled by the seawater spraying of the cooling spraying port 70. After the flue gas temperature drops to about 50 degrees Celsius, it enters the desulfurization area 28 for desulfurization.

[0058] In some embodiments, the gas outlet part 12 further includes a liquid collecting part 72. The liquid collecting part 72 is arranged around the inner wall of the gas outlet part 12 and is inclined upward to form a rich liquid collecting area 38. The liquid collecting part 72 is hollow to form a ventilation port 76, and the ventilation port 76 is used to release the desulfurized flue gas.

[0059] Specifically, a liquid collecting part 72 is provided between the desulfurization area 28 and the decarbonization area 30. The liquid collecting part 72 is arranged between the desulfurization demister 88 and the decarbonization rectifying plate 52. The liquid collecting part 72 is arranged around the inner wall of the gas outlet part 12 and is inclined upward, which can form a rich liquid collecting area 38 for collecting rich liquid. While forming the rich liquid collecting area 38, the ventilation port 76 formed by the hollow setting of the liquid collecting part 72 can release the desulfurized flue gas in the desulfurization area 28 to the decarbonization area 30.

[0060] In some embodiments, a rich liquid level monitor 74 is provided in the rich liquid collecting area 38.

[0061] Specifically, the rich liquid level monitor 74 provided in the rich liquid collecting area 38 can be used to monitor the liquid level of the rich liquid collecting area 38 and give high liquid level alarms.

[0062] In some embodiments, a liquid collecting and discharging device is provided at the bottom of the gas outlet part 12. The liquid collecting and discharging device includes a liquid discharging part 82 and a liquid seal part 84. The height of the seawater liquid outlet 86 of the liquid discharging part 82 is higher than the lowest liquid level of the seawater collecting area 34. The liquid seal part 84 covers the liquid discharging part 82, and the lean liquid pipeline 26 passes through the liquid seal part 84 and winds around the outside of the liquid seal part 84.

[0063] Specifically, the liquid discharging part 82 of the liquid collecting and discharging device can drain seawater out of the integrated absorption reaction device 100. The lean liquid pipeline 26 passes through the seawater collecting area 34. Since the temperature of the sprayed seawater is not high, it can also be used to cool the lean liquid. Specifically, by setting the height of the seawater liquid outlet 86 of the liquid discharging part 82 higher than the lowest liquid level of the seawater collecting area 34, the seawater collecting area 34 can always maintain a relatively high liquid level. At the same time, a liquid seal part 84 is covered on the liquid discharging part 82. There is a gap between the liquid seal part 84 and the liquid discharging part 82 for seawater to flow out, which can not only slow down the flow rate of seawater, but also wind the lean liquid pipeline 26 around the outside of the liquid seal part 84, which is also convenient for heat exchange between the lean liquid pipeline 26 and seawater.

[0064] In some embodiments, a gas rectifying plate 90 is provided below the seawater spray nozzle 32.

[0065] Specifically, the gas rectifying plate 90 rectifies the flue gas, making the flue gas flow upward regularly. The seawater spray nozzle 32 sprays seawater to desulfurize the flue gas. Since seawater is used for desulfurization and there is no need to consider conservation, a large amount of seawater can be sprayed. Therefore, fillers can be not provided in the desulfurization area 28, which reduces the self-weight of the integrated absorption reaction device 100 to some extent.

[0066] In some embodiments, the desulfurization area 28 further includes a desulfurization demister 88, and the desulfurization demister 88 is arranged above the seawater spray nozzle 32.

[0067] Specifically, the desulfurization demister 88 can remove the residual seawater in the flue gas. On the one hand, it speeds up the rising speed of the flue gas, and at the same time, it is also convenient for the flue gas to react completely with the lean liquid in the decarbonization area 30.

[0068] In some embodiments, seawater from the seawater pump is sprayed through four-layer seawater spray nozzles 32 to absorb sulfur dioxide in the flue gas. The sprayed seawater flows into the seawater collecting area 34 at the bottom of the gas outlet part 12. The liquid level of the seawater collecting area 34 is maintained by the liquid seal part 84, and the seawater flows out from the inside of the self-sealing and is discharged through the seawater liquid outlet 86.

[0069] In some embodiments, the cooled flue gas from the intake section 10 enters the bottom of the desulfurization zone 28, rises after being shaped by the desulfurization rectifying plate flow field, and the four-layer seawater spray nozzles 32 come into reverse contact with the flue gas to absorb SO2 in the flue gas. The desulfurized flue gas is discharged to the decarbonization zone 30 from the vent 76 after removing the droplets through the desulfurization demister 88.

[0070] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0071] The integrated absorption reaction device 100 of the present application integrates the desorption tower 18, the desulfurization zone 28, and the decarbonization zone 30 into one device, greatly reducing the total weight of the integrated absorption reaction device 100 and the occupied space on the ship.

[0072] In some embodiments, the integrated absorption reaction device 100 of the present invention integrates the desulfurization tower, the decarbonization absorption tower, the decarbonization desorption tower, the rich and lean liquid heat exchanger, the lean liquid heat exchanger, and the lean liquid cooler required in the organic amine method ship desulfurization and decarbonization system into one tower body, greatly reducing the total weight of the system and the occupied space on the ship, enabling the total weight of the original system to be reduced by more than half, the cost to be reduced by 1 / 7, and the space occupation to be reduced by 1 / 2.

[0073] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "schematic embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiments or examples are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0074] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An integrated absorption reaction device for ship desulfurization and decarbonization, characterized in that: The integrated absorption reaction device comprises an air inlet and an air outlet, wherein the air inlet is arranged on one side of the air outlet, and the bottom of the air inlet is connected to the lower part of the air outlet through a pipeline. The air inlet portion forms an air inlet space, and the air outlet portion forms an air outlet space. The airflow direction of the air inlet space is downward, and the airflow direction of the air outlet space is upward. A desorption tower is also provided in the air inlet space, a rich liquid spray port is provided in the desorption tower, a rich liquid pipeline is connected to the desorption tower, the rich liquid pipeline is connected to the rich liquid spray port, a lean liquid collecting area is formed at the bottom of the desorption tower, and a lean liquid pipeline is connected to the bottom of the desorption tower. The gas outlet space includes a desulfurization zone and a decarbonization zone, the desulfurization zone is located below the decarbonization zone, the desulfurization zone includes a seawater spray port located at the top and a seawater liquid collecting zone located at the bottom, the decarbonization zone includes a lean liquid spray port located at the top and a rich liquid collecting zone located at the bottom, the lean liquid pipeline passes through the seawater liquid collecting zone and then connects to the lean liquid spray port, and the rich liquid collecting zone connects to the rich liquid pipeline; A liquid collecting and discharging device is provided at the bottom of the gas outlet portion, and the liquid collecting and discharging device includes a liquid outlet portion and a liquid sealing portion. The height of the seawater outlet of the liquid outlet portion is higher than the lowest liquid level of the seawater collecting area. The liquid sealing portion covers the liquid outlet portion, and the lean liquid pipeline passes through the liquid sealing portion and is arranged around the outside of the liquid sealing portion. The decarburization zone is provided with a midstream pipeline, and the midstream pipeline divides the decarburization zone into a functional zone and a non-functional zone. The area outside the midstream pipeline of the decarburization zone is the functional zone, and the area inside the midstream pipeline is the non-functional zone. When the decarburization zone performs the decarburization function, the flue gas flows out from the functional zone through decarburization. When the decarburization zone does not perform the decarburization function, the flue gas flows out from the non-functional zone. The lean liquid spray port is provided in the functional zone. The rich liquid pipeline is provided with a gate valve on one side connected to the desorption tower, one end of the gate valve is connected to the rich liquid collecting area, and the other end is connected to the lean liquid pipeline. When the decarbonization area performs the decarbonization function, the gate valve is connected to the rich liquid collecting area, and when the decarbonization area does not perform the decarbonization function, the gate valve is connected to the lean liquid pipeline; The desorption tower is provided with a demister, a packing layer and an air lift cap in sequence from top to bottom, and the rich liquid spray port is provided between the demister and the packing layer; A re-spray port is arranged between the packing layer and the gas lift cap, and the lean liquid collection area is connected with a re-spray pipe. The re-spray pipe surrounds the desorption tower upward and enters the desorption tower between the demister and the packing layer and passes through the packing layer to connect with the re-spray port. The re-spray pipe is provided with a reboiler pump on one side of the lean liquid collection area.

2. The integrated absorption reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A regulating valve is arranged above the midstream pipeline, and the regulating valve is used to control the amount of flue gas flowing out of the midstream pipeline. When the regulating valve is fully opened, the selection valve is connected to the lean liquid pipeline.

3. The integrated absorption reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The functional area also includes a decarburization filler, a decarburization rectifying plate and a decarburization demister. The decarburization demister is arranged above the lean liquid spray port, and the decarburization filler and the decarburization rectifying plate are arranged in sequence below the lean liquid spray port.

4. The integrated absorption reaction device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mid-stream pipeline is connected to a guide plate on the side of the decarburization rectifying plate away from the decarburization filler, and the guide plate is used to guide the rich liquid.

5. The integrated absorption reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the desorption tower is in an inverted cone shape, the lean liquid pipeline is connected to the bottom of the desorption tower, and the lean liquid pipeline is provided with a lean liquid pump at one side of the lean liquid spray port.

6. The integrated absorption reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cooling spray port is arranged in the air intake space below the desorption tower.

7. The integrated absorption reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas outlet portion further comprises a liquid collecting portion, which is arranged around the inner wall of the gas outlet portion and inclined upward to form the rich liquid collecting area. The liquid collecting portion is hollow to form a vent, and the vent is used to release the flue gas after desulfurization.

8. The integrated absorption reaction device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rich liquid collecting area is provided with a rich liquid level monitor.

9. The integrated absorption reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gas rectifying plate is arranged below the seawater spray port.

10. The integrated absorption reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The desulfurization zone also includes a desulfurization demister, which is arranged above the seawater spray port.

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