Bipolar membrane electrodialysis device for synchronously capturing carbon dioxide, extracting lithium and producing lithium carbonate

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of membrane separation and resource recovery, and discloses a bipolar membrane electrodialysis device for synchronously capturing carbon dioxide, extracting lithium and producing lithium carbonate. The device utilizes a selective bipolar membrane electrodialysis system to extract lithium ions from liquid resources such as spodumene leachate, brine, oil and gas field wastewater, seawater and the like, and converts the lithium ions into lithium hydroxide. And meanwhile, introducing flue gas containing carbon dioxide into the generated lithium hydroxide solution by using a gas disperser to generate lithium carbonate. Therefore, mineralization capture of carbon dioxide in the flue gas, extraction of lithium ions in liquid resources such as spodumene leachate, brine, oil and gas field wastewater and seawater and production of lithium carbonate are synchronously realized, waste is treated by waste, and the method has the advantages of simple process, high lithium ion yield, short period, environmental friendliness, no pollution, continuous production and the like, and is suitable for industrial production. The method has important significance on carbon dioxide capture, lithium resource recovery and development of the new energy industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of membrane separation and resource recovery, and specifically relates to a bipolar membrane electrodialysis device for simultaneously capturing carbon dioxide, extracting lithium and producing lithium carbonate. Background Art

[0002] Carbon dioxide capture technology is a key strategy to achieve greenhouse gas emission reduction and an important part of achieving low-carbon economic transformation in the future. Chemical absorption based on organic amine absorbents is currently the main route for capturing carbon dioxide from flue gas in coal-fired power plants, but its thermal desorption process consumes a lot of energy, resulting in high carbon dioxide capture costs. Patent CN114534288A discloses a carbon dioxide capture system and method based on membrane electrodialysis, which utilizes hydrogen ions dissociated by bipolar membranes under the action of an electric field to achieve regeneration of organic amine absorbents and desorption of carbon dioxide. However, this process requires the integration of four electrodialysis membrane modules, and the operation process is complicated and costly. In addition, none of the above schemes achieves the reuse of carbon dioxide.

[0003] With the global emphasis on reducing greenhouse gas emissions, the new energy industry has developed rapidly. As a key material for the manufacture of lithium-ion batteries, the extraction of lithium resources and the production of lithium carbonate are also receiving increasing attention. Liquid resources such as spodumene leachate, brine, oil and gas field wastewater, and seawater contain a large amount of lithium ions and have a high resource utilization value. Electrodialysis technology can achieve the selective extraction of lithium ions from liquid resources, but it is mainly suitable for low-concentration systems and needs to be combined with nanofiltration, precipitation, electrodeposition and other technologies to achieve lithium ion concentration and lithium carbonate production, resulting in severe restrictions on the application of electrodialysis in the field of lithium ion extraction. Therefore, the development of a new electrodialysis process that produces lithium carbonate while achieving lithium ion extraction is of great significance to the extraction and utilization of lithium resources in liquid resources such as spodumene leachate, brine, oil and gas field wastewater, and seawater. In view of this, taking advantage of the fact that carbon dioxide can react with lithium ions to form lithium carbonate, while lithium carbonate is insoluble in water, a new bipolar membrane electrodialysis process has been developed for the simultaneous capture of carbon dioxide, lithium extraction and production of lithium carbonate. The flue gas treatment is combined with the extraction of lithium ions from liquid resources such as spodumene leachate, brine, oil and gas field wastewater, and seawater. While capturing carbon dioxide, lithium ions are extracted from wastewater to produce lithium carbonate that can be used in the preparation of battery positive electrode materials, thus achieving waste treatment with waste. This is of great significance to the development of carbon dioxide capture, lithium resource recovery, and the new energy industry. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a bipolar membrane electrodialysis device for simultaneously capturing carbon dioxide, extracting lithium and producing lithium carbonate. The bipolar membrane electrodialysis system is used to extract lithium ions from liquid resources such as spodumene leachate, brine, oil and gas field wastewater, seawater and the like and convert them into lithium hydroxide. At the same time, a gas disperser is used to pass flue gas containing carbon dioxide into the generated lithium hydroxide solution to generate lithium carbonate and form crystals, thereby simultaneously achieving the capture of carbon dioxide in the flue gas, the extraction of lithium ions in the liquid resources and the production of lithium carbonate.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: A bipolar membrane electrodialysis device for simultaneously capturing carbon dioxide, extracting lithium and producing lithium carbonate, comprising: a bipolar membrane electrodialysis membrane stack, a cathode plate, an anode plate, an electrode liquid storage tank, an alkali liquid storage tank, an acid liquid storage tank, a feed liquid storage tank, an electrode liquid circulation device, an alkali liquid circulation device, an acid liquid circulation device, a feed liquid circulation device, a flue gas dispersion device, and a DC voltage-stabilized power supply; The cathode plate is connected to the negative electrode of the DC regulated power supply; The anode plate is connected to the positive electrode of the DC regulated power supply; The cathode plate and the anode plate are respectively arranged on two sides of the bipolar membrane electrodialysis membrane stack; The bipolar membrane electrodialysis membrane stack comprises a first bipolar membrane and a repeating unit membrane in order from the anode plate to the cathode plate, wherein the repeating unit membrane is a unit membrane formed by an anion exchange membrane, a monovalent selective cation exchange membrane and a second bipolar membrane, and the number of the repeating unit membranes is ≥1; The anode plate, bipolar membrane electrodialysis membrane stack and cathode plate are spaced to form an anode chamber, a repeating unit chamber and a cathode chamber in sequence, wherein the repeating unit chamber is a repeating unit chamber formed by an acid chamber, a liquid chamber and an alkali chamber, and the number of the repeating unit chambers corresponds to the number of repeating unit membranes formed by the bipolar membrane; The outlet of the electrode liquid circulation device is connected to the inlet of the anode chamber, the outlet of the anode chamber is connected to the inlet of the cathode chamber, the outlet of the cathode chamber is connected to the electrode liquid storage tank, and the electrode liquid storage tank is connected to the inlet of the electrode liquid circulation device; The outlet of the alkali liquid circulation device is connected to the inlet of the alkali chamber, the inlet of the alkali liquid circulation device is connected to the alkali liquid storage tank, and the alkali liquid storage tank is connected to the outlet of the alkali chamber; The outlet of the acid liquid circulation device is connected to the inlet of the acid chamber, the inlet of the acid liquid circulation device is connected to the acid liquid storage tank, and the acid liquid storage tank is connected to the outlet of the acid chamber; The outlet of the liquid circulation device is communicated with the inlet of the liquid chamber, the inlet of the liquid circulation device is communicated with the liquid storage tank, and the liquid storage tank is communicated with the outlet of the liquid chamber; The flue gas dispersion device outlet is connected to the alkali solution circulation device.

[0006] The present invention also includes a novel bipolar membrane electrodialysis process for simultaneously capturing carbon dioxide, extracting lithium and producing lithium carbonate, comprising the following steps: A. circulating the simulated liquid into the feed liquid chamber of the bipolar membrane electrodialysis system; B. pumping an alkaline solution into the alkaline chamber of the bipolar membrane electrodialysis system; C. pumping the acid solution into the acid chamber of the bipolar membrane electrodialysis system; D. Circulating and pumping the electrolyte solution in the electrode liquid circulation device into the anode chamber and cathode chamber of the bipolar membrane electrodialysis system respectively; E. Turn on the power supply, apply voltage, perform bipolar membrane electrodialysis, separate metal ions from the simulated liquid, generate lithium hydroxide in the alkali chamber, and simultaneously detect the pH of the acid chamber and alkali chamber and the conductivity of the feed liquid chamber.

[0007] F. When the pH value of the alkali chamber is greater than 11, a gas containing carbon dioxide is introduced into the alkali liquid circulation device to react with the lithium hydroxide solution in the alkali liquid circulation device to form lithium carbonate crystals.

[0008] Specifically, the simulated liquid in step A is a salt solution containing lithium ions, and the lithium ion concentration of the simulated liquid is 0.025-2 mol / L.

[0009] Specifically, the alkaline solution in step B is a lithium carbonate solution, and the concentration of the alkaline solution is 0-0.12 mol / L.

[0010] Specifically, the acid solution in step C is one or more of a sulfuric acid solution, a hydrochloric acid solution and a nitric acid solution, and the concentration of the acid solution is 0-0.15 mol / L.

[0011] Specifically, the electrolyte solution in step D is one or more of sodium sulfate solution, potassium sulfate solution, sodium nitrate solution or potassium nitrate solution, and the concentration of the electrolyte solution is 0.1-0.5 mol / L.

[0012] Specifically, the flow rate of the simulated solution, acid solution, alkaline solution, and electrode solution circulated and pumped into the bipolar membrane electrodialysis system is 100-500 mL / min.

[0013] Specifically, the volume percentage of carbon dioxide gas in the mixed gas in step F is 5-100%.

[0014] Beneficial effects: The present invention extracts lithium ions from liquid resources such as spodumene leachate, brine, oil and gas field wastewater, and seawater through a bipolar membrane electrodialysis system and converts them into lithium hydroxide. At the same time, a gas disperser is used to pass flue gas containing carbon dioxide into the generated hydroxide solution to generate carbonate, thereby simultaneously realizing the mineralization capture of carbon dioxide in flue gas, the extraction of lithium ions from liquid lithium resources, and the production of lithium carbonate. Through testing, the process can produce high-purity lithium carbonate products, realize the resource utilization of flue gas, brine, oil and gas field wastewater, seawater, etc., and has the advantages of simple process and continuous production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the bipolar membrane electrodialysis device used in Examples 1-5 for simultaneously capturing carbon dioxide, extracting lithium and producing lithium carbonate.

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the bipolar membrane electrodialysis membrane stack configuration used in Examples 1-6.

[0017] Figure 3 It is the XRD spectrum of the lithium carbonate product prepared in Example 1-3.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a graph showing the change in Li2CO3 production over time in Example 1-3.

[0019] Figure 5 It is the purity diagram of lithium carbonate products of Examples 1-4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION Example 1

[0020] This example is used to illustrate the application of a bipolar membrane electrodialysis device for simultaneously capturing carbon dioxide, extracting lithium and producing lithium carbonate in the mineralization capture of carbon dioxide and the treatment of spodumene leachate simulation liquid.

[0021] The bipolar membrane electrodialysis system used in this embodiment includes a bipolar membrane electrodialysis membrane stack, a cathode plate, an anode plate, an electrode liquid storage tank, an alkali liquid storage tank, an acid liquid storage tank, a feed liquid storage tank, an electrode liquid circulation device, an alkali liquid circulation device, an acid liquid circulation device, a feed liquid circulation device, a flue gas dispersion device, and a DC regulated power supply; The effective area of ​​the bipolar membrane electrodialysis stack is 189 cm 2 ; The cathode plate is connected to the cathode of the DC regulated power supply; The anode plate is connected to the anode of the DC regulated power supply; The cathode plate and the anode plate are respectively arranged on two sides of the bipolar membrane electrodialysis membrane stack; The bipolar membrane electrodialysis membrane stack includes a first bipolar membrane and a repeating unit membrane in order from the anode plate to the cathode plate, wherein the repeating unit membrane is a unit membrane formed by an anion exchange membrane, a monovalent selective cation exchange membrane and a second bipolar membrane, and the number of the repeating unit membranes is 3; The anode plate, the membrane stack and the cathode plate are spaced to form an anode chamber, a repeating unit chamber and a cathode chamber in sequence, wherein the repeating unit chamber is a repeating unit chamber formed by an acid chamber, a liquid chamber and an alkali chamber, and the number of the repeating unit chambers corresponds to the number of repeating unit membranes formed by the bipolar membrane; The outlet of the electrode liquid circulation device is connected to the inlet of the anode chamber, the outlet of the anode chamber is connected to the inlet of the cathode chamber, the outlet of the cathode chamber is connected to the electrode liquid storage tank, and the electrode liquid storage tank is connected to the inlet of the electrode liquid circulation device; The outlet of the alkali liquid circulation device is connected to the inlet of the alkali chamber, the inlet of the alkali liquid circulation device is connected to the alkali liquid storage tank, and the alkali liquid storage tank is connected to the outlet of the alkali chamber; The outlet of the acid liquid circulation device is connected to the inlet of the acid chamber, the inlet of the acid liquid circulation device is connected to the acid liquid storage tank, and the acid liquid storage tank is connected to the outlet of the acid chamber; The outlet of the liquid circulation device is communicated with the inlet of the liquid chamber, the inlet of the liquid circulation device is communicated with the liquid storage tank, and the liquid storage tank is communicated with the outlet of the liquid chamber; The flue gas dispersion device outlet is connected to the alkali solution circulation device.

[0022] A bipolar membrane electrodialysis process for simultaneously capturing carbon dioxide, extracting lithium and producing lithium carbonate, wherein the alkali solution circulation device is connected to the outlet of the flue gas dispersion device.

[0023] Furthermore, the embodiment includes the following steps: A. 300 mL of 1 M Li2SO4 solution was circulated and pumped into the feed liquid chamber of the bipolar membrane electrodialysis device at a flow rate of 100 mL / min; B. 300 mL of deionized water was circulated and pumped into the alkali chamber of the bipolar membrane electrodialysis device at a flow rate of 100 mL / min; C. 300 mL of deionized water was circulated and pumped into the acid chamber of the bipolar membrane electrodialysis device at a flow rate of 100 mL / min; D. 300 mL of 0.2 M Na2SO4 solution was circulated and pumped into the anode chamber and cathode chamber of the bipolar membrane electrodialysis device at a flow rate of 100 mL / min; E. Turn on the power supply, apply a voltage of 12 V, perform bipolar membrane electrodialysis, separate lithium ions from the Li2SO4 solution, generate LiOH in the alkali chamber, and simultaneously detect the pH of the acid chamber and alkali chamber and the conductivity of the feed liquid chamber.

[0024] F. When the pH value of the alkali chamber is greater than 11, 100% CO2 gas is introduced into the alkali liquid circulation device, and the CO2 flow rate is dynamically adjusted to maintain the pH value of the alkali chamber greater than 11, so that the LiOH solution in the alkali liquid circulation device reacts with CO2 to obtain Li2CO3. Example 2

[0025] This embodiment is used to illustrate the application of a bipolar membrane electrodialysis device for simultaneously capturing carbon dioxide, extracting lithium and producing lithium carbonate in the mineralization capture of carbon dioxide and the treatment of spodumene leachate simulation liquid.

[0026] The bipolar membrane electrodialysis system used in this embodiment is the same as that in Embodiment 1. Further, this embodiment includes the following steps: A. 300 mL of a solution containing 1 M Li2SO4 was circulated and pumped into the feed liquid chamber of the bipolar membrane electrodialysis device at a flow rate of 100 mL / min; B. 300 mL of 0.12 M Li2CO3 was circulated and pumped into the alkali chamber of the bipolar membrane electrodialysis device at a flow rate of 100 mL / min; C. 300 mL of deionized water was circulated and pumped into the acid chamber of the bipolar membrane electrodialysis device at a flow rate of 100 mL / min; D. 300 mL of 0.1 M Na2SO4 solution was circulated and pumped into the anode chamber and cathode chamber of the bipolar membrane electrodialysis device at a flow rate of 100 mL / min; E. Turn on the power supply, apply 12 V voltage, perform electrodialysis, and perform Li + The alkali chamber is separated and LiOH is generated in the alkali chamber. The pH of the acid chamber and alkali chamber as well as the conductivity of the liquid chamber are detected at the same time.

[0027] F. When the pH value of the alkali chamber is greater than 11, 100% CO2 gas is introduced into the alkali liquid circulation device, and the CO2 flow rate is dynamically adjusted to maintain the pH value of the alkali chamber greater than 11, so that the LiOH solution in the alkali liquid circulation device reacts with CO2 to obtain Li2CO3. Example 3

[0028] This embodiment is used to illustrate the application of a bipolar membrane electrodialysis device for simultaneously capturing carbon dioxide, extracting lithium and producing lithium carbonate in the treatment of waste liquid simulation liquid from the carbon dioxide mineralization capture and spodumene leaching process.

[0029] The bipolar membrane electrodialysis device used in this embodiment is the same as that in Embodiment 1. Further, this embodiment includes the following steps: A. 900 mL of a solution containing 0.25 M Li2SO4 and 0.75 M Na2SO4 was circulated and pumped into the feed liquid chamber of the bipolar membrane electrodialysis device at a flow rate of 100 mL / min; B. 300 mL of 0.12 M Li2CO3 was circulated and pumped into the alkali chamber of the bipolar membrane electrodialysis device at a flow rate of 100 mL / min; C. 300 mL of deionized water was circulated and pumped into the acid chamber of the bipolar membrane electrodialysis device at a flow rate of 100 mL / min; D. 300 mL of 0.2 M Na2SO4 solution was circulated and pumped into the anode chamber and cathode chamber of the bipolar membrane electrodialysis device at a flow rate of 100 mL / min; E. Turn on the power supply, apply 12 V voltage, perform electrodialysis, and perform Li + The alkali chamber is separated and LiOH is generated in the alkali chamber. The pH of the acid chamber and alkali chamber as well as the conductivity of the liquid chamber are detected at the same time.

[0030] F. When the pH value of the alkali chamber is greater than 11, 100% CO2 gas is introduced into the alkali liquid circulation device, and the CO2 flow rate is dynamically adjusted to maintain the pH value of the alkali chamber greater than 11, so that the LiOH solution in the alkali liquid circulation device reacts with CO2 to obtain Li2CO3. Example 4

[0031] This embodiment is used to illustrate the application of a bipolar membrane electrodialysis device for simultaneously capturing carbon dioxide, extracting lithium and producing lithium carbonate in the mineralization capture of carbon dioxide and the treatment of simulated salt lake brine.

[0032] The bipolar membrane electrodialysis device used in this embodiment is the same as that in Embodiment 1. Further, this embodiment includes the following steps: A. 900 mL of a solution containing 0.025 M Li2SO4, 2 M NaCl and 0.2 M KCl was circulated and pumped into the feed liquid chamber of the bipolar membrane electrodialysis device at a flow rate of 100 mL / min; B. 300 mL of 0.12 M Li2CO3 was circulated and pumped into the alkali chamber of the bipolar membrane electrodialysis device at a flow rate of 100 mL / min; C. 300 mL of deionized water was circulated and pumped into the acid chamber of the bipolar membrane electrodialysis device at a flow rate of 100 mL / min; D. 300 mL of 0.2 M Na2SO4 solution was circulated and pumped into the anode chamber and cathode chamber of the bipolar membrane electrodialysis device at a flow rate of 100 mL / min; E. Turn on the power supply, apply 12 V voltage, perform electrodialysis, and perform Li + The alkali chamber is separated and LiOH is generated in the alkali chamber. The pH of the acid chamber and alkali chamber as well as the conductivity of the liquid chamber are detected at the same time.

[0033] F. When the pH value of the alkali chamber is greater than 11, 100% CO2 gas is introduced into the alkali liquid circulation device, and the CO2 flow rate is dynamically adjusted to maintain the pH value of the alkali chamber greater than 11, so that the LiOH solution in the alkali liquid circulation device reacts with CO2 to obtain Li2CO3. Example 5

[0034] This embodiment is used to illustrate the application of a bipolar membrane electrodialysis device for simultaneously capturing carbon dioxide, extracting lithium and producing lithium carbonate in the mineralization capture of carbon dioxide and the treatment of spodumene leachate simulation liquid.

[0035] The bipolar membrane electrodialysis device used in this embodiment is the same as that in Embodiment 1. Further, this embodiment includes the following steps: A. 300 mL of a solution containing 1 M Li2SO4 was circulated and pumped into the feed liquid chamber of the bipolar membrane electrodialysis device at a flow rate of 100 mL / min; B. 300 mL of 0.12 M Li2CO3 was circulated and pumped into the alkali chamber of the bipolar membrane electrodialysis device at a flow rate of 100 mL / min; C. 300 mL of a solution containing 0.15 M H2SO4 was circulated and pumped into the acid chamber of the bipolar membrane electrodialysis device at a flow rate of 500 mL / min; D. 300 mL of electrode solution containing 0.2 M K2SO4 solution, 0.2 M KNO3, and 0.1 M NaNO3 was circulated and pumped into the anode chamber and cathode chamber of the bipolar membrane electrodialysis device at a flow rate of 500 mL / min; E. Turn on the power supply, apply 12 V voltage, perform electrodialysis, and perform Li + The alkali chamber is separated and LiOH is generated in the alkali chamber. The pH of the acid chamber and alkali chamber as well as the conductivity of the liquid chamber are detected at the same time.

[0036] F. When the pH value of the alkali chamber is greater than 11, 5% CO2 is introduced into the alkali liquid circulation device, and the gas flow rate is dynamically adjusted to maintain the pH value of the alkali chamber greater than 11, so that the LiOH solution in the alkali liquid circulation device reacts with CO2 to obtain Li2CO3.

Claims

1. A bipolar membrane electrodialysis device for simultaneously capturing carbon dioxide, extracting lithium and producing lithium carbonate, characterized in that: include: Bipolar membrane electrodialysis membrane stack, cathode plate, anode plate, electrode liquid storage tank, alkali liquid storage tank, acid liquid storage tank, feed liquid storage tank, electrode liquid circulation device, alkali liquid circulation device, acid liquid circulation device, feed liquid circulation device, flue gas dispersion device, DC regulated power supply; The cathode plate is connected to the negative electrode of the DC regulated power supply; The anode plate is connected to the positive electrode of the DC regulated power supply; The cathode plate and the anode plate are respectively arranged on two sides of the bipolar membrane electrodialysis membrane stack; The bipolar membrane electrodialysis membrane stack comprises a first bipolar membrane and a repeating unit membrane in order from the anode plate to the cathode plate, wherein the repeating unit membrane is a unit membrane formed by an anion exchange membrane, a monovalent selective cation exchange membrane and a second bipolar membrane, and the number of the repeating unit membranes is ≥1; The anode plate, bipolar membrane electrodialysis membrane stack and cathode plate are spaced to form an anode chamber, a repeating unit chamber and a cathode chamber in sequence, wherein the repeating unit chamber is a repeating unit chamber formed by an acid chamber, a liquid chamber and an alkali chamber, and the number of the repeating unit chambers corresponds to the number of repeating unit membranes formed by the bipolar membrane; The outlet of the electrode liquid circulation device is connected to the inlet of the anode chamber, the outlet of the anode chamber is connected to the inlet of the cathode chamber, the outlet of the cathode chamber is connected to the electrode liquid storage tank, and the electrode liquid storage tank is connected to the inlet of the electrode liquid circulation device; The outlet of the alkali liquid circulation device is connected to the inlet of the alkali chamber, the inlet of the alkali liquid circulation device is connected to the alkali liquid storage tank, and the alkali liquid storage tank is connected to the outlet of the alkali chamber; The outlet of the acid liquid circulation device is connected to the inlet of the acid chamber, the inlet of the acid liquid circulation device is connected to the acid liquid storage tank, and the acid liquid storage tank is connected to the outlet of the acid chamber; The outlet of the liquid circulation device is communicated with the inlet of the liquid chamber, the inlet of the liquid circulation device is communicated with the liquid storage tank, and the liquid storage tank is communicated with the outlet of the liquid chamber; The flue gas dispersion device outlet is connected to the alkali solution circulation device.

2. The novel process according to claim 1, wherein the bipolar membrane electrodialysis device for simultaneously capturing carbon dioxide, extracting lithium and producing lithium carbonate is characterized in that: The following steps are involved: A. circulating the simulated liquid into the feed liquid chamber of the bipolar membrane electrodialysis system; B. pumping an alkaline solution into the alkaline chamber of the bipolar membrane electrodialysis system; C. pumping the acid solution into the acid chamber of the bipolar membrane electrodialysis system; D. Circulating and pumping the electrolyte solution in the electrode liquid circulation device into the anode chamber and cathode chamber of the bipolar membrane electrodialysis system respectively; E. Turn on the power supply, apply voltage, perform bipolar membrane electrodialysis, separate metal ions from the simulated liquid, generate lithium hydroxide in the alkali chamber, and simultaneously detect the pH of the acid chamber and alkali chamber and the conductivity of the feed liquid chamber. 3.F. When the pH value of the alkali chamber is greater than 11, a gas containing carbon dioxide is introduced into the alkali liquid circulation device to react with the lithium hydroxide solution in the alkali liquid circulation device to form lithium carbonate crystals.

4. The novel bipolar membrane electrodialysis process for simultaneous capture of carbon dioxide, extraction of lithium and production of lithium carbonate according to claim 2, characterized in that: The simulated liquid in step A is a salt solution containing lithium ions, and the lithium ion concentration of the simulated liquid is 0.025-2 mol / L.

5. The novel bipolar membrane electrodialysis process for simultaneous capture of carbon dioxide, extraction of lithium and production of lithium carbonate according to claim 2, characterized in that: The alkaline solution in step B is a lithium carbonate solution, and the concentration of the alkaline solution is 0-0.12 mol / L.

6. The novel bipolar membrane electrodialysis process for simultaneously capturing carbon dioxide, extracting lithium and producing lithium carbonate according to claim 2, characterized in that: The acid solution in step C is one or more of a sulfuric acid solution, a hydrochloric acid solution and a nitric acid solution, and the concentration of the acid solution is 0-0.15 mol / L.

7. The novel bipolar membrane electrodialysis process for simultaneously capturing carbon dioxide, extracting lithium and producing lithium carbonate according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electrolyte solution in step D is one or more of sodium sulfate solution, potassium sulfate solution, sodium nitrate solution or potassium nitrate solution, and the concentration of the electrolyte solution is 0.1-0.5 mol / L.

8. The novel bipolar membrane electrodialysis process for simultaneously capturing carbon dioxide, extracting lithium and producing lithium carbonate according to claim 2, characterized in that: The flow rate of the simulated solution, acid solution, alkaline solution and electrode solution circulating into the bipolar membrane electrodialysis system is 100-500 mL / min.

9. The novel bipolar membrane electrodialysis process for simultaneously capturing carbon dioxide, extracting lithium and producing lithium carbonate according to claim 2, characterized in that: The volume percentage of carbon dioxide gas in the mixed gas in step F is 5-100%.

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