Separation method for reverse flotation spodumene and gangue minerals

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for separating spodumene and gangue minerals through reverse flotation, which comprises the following steps of: placing the spodumene-containing minerals in a ball mill for grinding until the content of the spodumene-containing minerals with the granularity of-0.074 mm accounts for 85%, adjusting the mass percent concentration of ore pulp to be 45%, introducing the ore pulp into a stirring barrel for pulp mixing, 300 g of a spodumene inhibitor YLI is added at an inlet of the stirring barrel according to the amount of each ton of ore pulp, then 700 g of a collecting agent BGU is added according to the amount of each ton of ore pulp, and a pulp mixing material is obtained. And the obtained size mixing material is subjected to rapid flotation separation through an inflatable flotation machine, selected foam products are gangue minerals such as feldspar and quartz, and a product at the bottom of a flotation machine tank is spodumene. By means of the method, effective flotation separation of spodumene and gangue minerals can be achieved, and the gangue content in spodumene is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of separation and mineral processing, and in particular to a method for separating spodumene and gangue minerals by reverse flotation. Background Art

[0002] With the vigorous development of the new energy industry at the current stage, the efficient recovery technology of lithium oxide in lithium-containing ores has received special attention. Spodumene is the main source of lithium industrial minerals, and its application in ceramics, metallurgy, porcelain, special glass, chemical industry, etc. has developed rapidly and expanded day by day. Flotation is the most effective method to obtain high-quality spodumene concentrate. As early as the 1930s, it was used in foreign countries for industrial applications, and my country's research on the flotation of spodumene began in the 1950s. At present, the flotation process of spodumene in industry includes both positive flotation process and reverse flotation process according to the different properties of the ore. Among them, the reverse flotation process usually uses starch, dextrin and the like to inhibit spodumene, and uses cationic collectors to float out silicate gangue minerals such as quartz, feldspar, and mica under alkaline conditions, so that spodumene is enriched in the flotation tank to obtain spodumene concentrate. However, these conventional inhibitors can not only inhibit spodumene during the flotation process, but also have a certain inhibitory effect on gangue minerals. For this type of difficult-to-process ore, it is necessary to continuously optimize the mineral processing reagents and processes to improve the separation indicators and ensure the maximum utilization of lithium oxide ore resources. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the background technology, the present invention provides a method for separating spodumene and gangue minerals by reverse flotation.

[0004] The present invention provides a method for separating spodumene from gangue minerals by reverse flotation, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0005] The spodumene-containing mineral is placed in a ball mill for grinding to obtain a slurry;

[0006] The slurry is introduced into a mixing tank and then added with chemicals for slurry preparation;

[0007] Sodium tripolyphosphate was added as a slurry regulator at the inlet of the mixing barrel, and 300 g / t of YLI inhibitor was prepared by using acetic acid, pregelatinized starch and cyclomaltoheptaose;

[0008] Prepare collector BGU 700g / t from polyoxyethylene amine, cycloalkylamine and maleate;

[0009] Adding collector BGU to the YLI inhibitor to obtain a slurry material;

[0010] The slurry material is introduced into a flotation machine for rapid flotation separation. The froth product of the flotation is gangue minerals such as feldspar and quartz, and the product at the bottom of the flotation machine tank is spodumene.

[0011] Preferably, the preparation method of the YLI inhibitor is to use acetic acid and water to prepare an acetic acid solution with a mass fraction of 8%, and then add sodium tripolyphosphate to the acetic acid solution to obtain a first solution, wherein the concentration of sodium tripolyphosphate in the acetic acid solution in the first solution is 30-70 g / L, and then weigh pregelatinized starch and cyclomaltoseptose in a mass ratio of 1:1, add them to the first solution and stir evenly to obtain a viscous substance, wherein the content of sodium tripolyphosphate in the pregelatinized starch and cyclomaltoseptose in the viscous substance is 30-70 mg / g, and the evenly stirred viscous substance is placed in a constant temperature drying oven to dry, and after grinding, the spodumene YLI inhibitor is obtained.

[0012] Preferably, the temperature of the constant temperature drying oven is set to 60°C.

[0013] Preferably, the preparation method of the collector BGU is as follows: weigh 100 g of the raw material polyoxyethylene amine, add 100 mL of water, mix and heat to 80°C, and stir for 1 hour, which is component a; add 100 mL of water to 50°C and maleate 50 g each at 50°C to 60°C, and stir for 2 hours, which is component b; after mixing component a and component b, add 10 g of water glass and stir, and after stirring evenly, obtain the BGU flotation collector.

[0014] Preferably, sodium carbonate is used to adjust the pH value of the pulp to 8 during flotation.

[0015] Preferably, the grinding requires a particle size of -0.074 mm and a content of 85%, and the mass percentage concentration of the slurry is adjusted to 45%.

[0016] Preferably, the model of the ball mill is XMQΦ240*90.

[0017] Preferably, the flotation machine is an XFG type air-filled flotation machine.

[0018] In the present invention, a reverse flotation separation method of spodumene and gangue minerals is proposed, which has the advantages that:

[0019] 1. The prepared YLI inhibitor is stable in nature and can effectively separate spodumene from gangue minerals in the process of reverse flotation of spodumene by combining with the processes of grinding, slurry mixing and dosing, and aeration flotation.

[0020] 2. The amount of YLI inhibitor used in the process is small, and it has almost no inhibitory effect on gangue minerals, which can effectively improve the grade of spodumene.

[0021] 3. The prepared collector BGU has stable properties and can effectively selectively float feldspar quartz in combination with the processes of grinding, slurry mixing, and aeration flotation.

[0022] 4. The amount of collector BGU used in the process is relatively small, and its use with the YLI inhibitor will not produce a significant collection effect on spodumene. In the process of reverse flotation of spodumene, it can effectively separate spodumene from gangue minerals.

[0023] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below:

[0025] Example 1

[0026] An example of a method for separating spodumene from gangue minerals by reverse flotation of the present invention comprises the following steps: placing the spodumene-containing mineral in a ball mill for grinding to a particle size of -0.074 mm and a content of 85%, adjusting the mass percentage concentration of the slurry to 45%, introducing the slurry into a stirring barrel for adding medicine for slurry adjustment, adding 300 g of spodumene inhibitor YLI per ton of slurry at the entrance of the stirring barrel, and then adding 700 g of collector BGU per ton of slurry to obtain slurry adjustment material. The obtained slurry adjustment material is introduced into an aerated flotation machine for rapid flotation separation. The preparation method of the YLI inhibitor is as follows: acetic acid and water are used to prepare an acetic acid solution with a mass fraction of 8%, and then sodium tripolyphosphate is added to the acetic acid solution to obtain a first solution, in which the concentration of sodium tripolyphosphate in the acetic acid solution is 30 g / L, and then pregelatinized starch and cyclomaltoseptose in a mass ratio of 1:1 are weighed and added to the first solution and stirred to obtain a viscous substance, in which the content of sodium tripolyphosphate in the pregelatinized starch and cyclomaltoseptose is 30 mg / g, and the stirred viscous substance is placed in a constant temperature drying oven set at 60° C. for drying, and then ground to obtain the spodumene YLI inhibitor. The preparation method of collector BGU is as follows: weigh 100g of raw material polyoxyethylene amine, add 100mL of water, mix and heat to 80°C, stir for 1 hour, this is component a, add 100mL of water to 50°C and maleate at 50°C to 60°C, stir for 2h, this is component b, after mixing component a and component b, add 10g of water glass and stir, after stirring evenly, obtain BGU flotation collector.

[0027] Example 2

[0028] This embodiment is an application example of embodiment 1.

[0029] 1. Mineral raw materials: The mineral raw materials used are raw ores containing spodumene and gangue minerals. The grade of Li2O in the raw ore is 0.42%, which is the main target mineral to be recovered. It is mainly present in the form of independent minerals in spodumene, and a small amount is present in the form of isomorphism in feldspar, biotite, chlorite, and muscovite. Other minerals are in the form of fine-grained inclusions; SiO2 is the main gangue mineral, accounting for 66.15%, and mainly exists in the form of quartz. The remaining gangue minerals are plagioclase, potassium feldspar, muscovite, etc.

[0030] 2. Reagent system and operating conditions: Sodium carbonate was used to adjust the pH of the slurry to 8, the dosage of the YLI inhibitor prepared in Example 1 was 300 g / t, and the dosage of the collector BGU was 700 g / t. The results showed that the above reagent conditions can effectively inhibit spodumene and separate it from the gangue minerals by flotation. After one roughing selection, three concentrating selections and two scavenging selections (the dosage of reagents in the concentrating process was halved successively), and the middlings were returned step by step, a flotation concentrate with a lithium oxide grade of 3.51% and a recovery rate of 72.55% was obtained.

[0031] Example 3

[0032] An example of a method for separating spodumene from gangue minerals by reverse flotation of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0033] The spodumene-containing mineral is placed in a ball mill for grinding to a particle size of -0.074 mm and a content of 85%. The mass percentage concentration of the slurry is adjusted to 45%. The slurry is introduced into a mixing barrel for adding medicine for slurry adjustment. At the entrance of the mixing barrel, 300g of spodumene inhibitor YLI is added per ton of slurry, and 700g of collector BGU is added per ton of slurry to obtain a slurry material. The obtained slurry material is introduced into an aerated flotation machine for rapid flotation separation. The preparation method of the FLI inhibitor is as follows: acetic acid and water are used to prepare an acetic acid solution with a mass fraction of 8%, and then sodium tripolyphosphate is added to the acetic acid solution to obtain a first solution, in which the concentration of sodium tripolyphosphate in the acetic acid solution is 50 g / L, and then pregelatinized starch and cyclomaltoseptose in a mass ratio of 1:1 are weighed and added to the first solution and stirred evenly to obtain a viscous substance, in which the content of sodium tripolyphosphate in the pregelatinized starch and cyclomaltoseptose is 50 mg / g, and the evenly stirred viscous substance is placed in a constant temperature drying oven set at 60°C for drying, and then ground to obtain the spodumene YLI inhibitor. The preparation method of collector BGU is as follows: weigh 100g of raw material polyoxyethylene amine, add 100mL of water, mix and heat to 80°C, stir for 1 hour, this is component a, add 100mL of water to 50°C and maleate at 50°C to 60°C, stir for 2h, this is component b, after mixing component a and component b, add 10g of water glass and stir, after stirring evenly, obtain BGU flotation collector.

[0034] Example 4

[0035] This embodiment is an application example of embodiment 3.

[0036] 1. Mineral raw materials: The mineral raw materials used are raw ores containing spodumene and gangue minerals. The grade of Li2O in the raw ore is 0.42%, which is the main target mineral to be recovered. It is mainly present in the form of independent minerals in spodumene, and a small amount is present in the form of isomorphism in feldspar, biotite, chlorite, and muscovite. Other minerals are in the form of fine-grained inclusions; SiO2 is the main gangue mineral, accounting for 66.15%, and mainly exists in the form of quartz. The remaining gangue minerals are plagioclase, potassium feldspar, muscovite, etc.

[0037] 2. Reagent system and operating conditions: Sodium carbonate was used to adjust the pH of the slurry to 8, the dosage of the YLI inhibitor prepared in Example 3 was 300 g / t, and the dosage of the collector BGU was 700 g / t. The results showed that the above reagent conditions can effectively inhibit spodumene and separate it from the gangue minerals by flotation. After one roughing selection, three concentrating selections and two scavenging selections (the dosage of reagents in the concentrating process was halved successively), and the middlings were returned step by step, a flotation concentrate with a lithium oxide grade of 3.63% and a recovery rate of 73.85% was obtained.

[0038] Example 5

[0039] An example of a method for separating spodumene from gangue minerals by reverse flotation of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0040] The spodumene-containing mineral is placed in a ball mill for grinding to a particle size of -0.074 mm and a content of 85%. The mass percentage concentration of the slurry is adjusted to 45%. The slurry is introduced into a mixing barrel for adding medicine for slurry adjustment. At the entrance of the mixing barrel, 300g of spodumene inhibitor YLI is added per ton of slurry, and 700g of collector BGU is added per ton of slurry to obtain a slurry material. The obtained slurry material is introduced into an aerated flotation machine for rapid flotation separation. The preparation method of the YLI inhibitor comprises the following steps: preparing an acetic acid solution with a mass fraction of 8% by weight using acetic acid and water, and then adding sodium tripolyphosphate to the acetic acid solution to obtain a first solution, wherein the concentration of sodium tripolyphosphate in the acetic acid solution is 70 g / L, and then weighing pregelatinized starch and cyclomaltoseptose in a mass ratio of 1:1, adding them to the first solution and stirring evenly to obtain a viscous substance, wherein the content of sodium tripolyphosphate in the pregelatinized starch and cyclomaltoseptose in the viscous substance is 70 mg / g, and drying the evenly stirred viscous substance in a constant temperature drying oven set at 60° C., and then grinding the spodumene YLI inhibitor. The preparation method of collector BGU is as follows: weigh 100g of raw material polyoxyethylene amine, add 100mL of water, mix and heat to 80°C, stir for 1 hour, this is component a, add 100mL of water to 50°C and maleate at 50°C to 60°C, stir for 2h, this is component b, after mixing component a and component b, add 10g of water glass and stir, after stirring evenly, obtain BGU flotation collector.

[0041] Example 6

[0042] This embodiment is an application example of Embodiment 5.

[0043] 1. Mineral raw materials: The mineral raw materials used are raw ores containing spodumene and gangue minerals. The grade of Li2O in the raw ore is 0.42%, which is the main target mineral to be recovered. It is mainly present in the form of independent minerals in spodumene, and a small amount is present in the form of isomorphism in feldspar, biotite, chlorite, and muscovite. Other minerals are in the form of fine-grained inclusions; SiO2 is the main gangue mineral, accounting for 66.15%, and mainly exists in the form of quartz. The remaining gangue minerals are plagioclase, potassium feldspar, muscovite, etc.

[0044] 2. Reagent system and operating conditions: Sodium carbonate was used to adjust the pH of the slurry to 8, the dosage of the YLI inhibitor prepared in Example 5 was 300 g / t, and the dosage of the collector BGU was 700 g / t. The results showed that the above reagent conditions can effectively inhibit spodumene and separate it from the gangue minerals by flotation. After one roughing selection, three concentrating selections and two scavenging selections (the dosage of reagents in the concentrating process was halved successively), and the middlings were returned step by step, a flotation concentrate with a lithium oxide grade of 3.69% and a recovery rate of 73.32% was obtained.

[0045] It should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0046] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0047] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0048] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0049] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for separating spodumene from gangue minerals by reverse flotation, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The spodumene-containing mineral is placed in a ball mill for grinding to obtain a slurry; The slurry is introduced into a mixing tank and then added with chemicals for slurry preparation; Sodium tripolyphosphate was added as a slurry regulator at the inlet of the mixing barrel, and 300 g / t of YLI inhibitor was prepared by using acetic acid, pregelatinized starch and cyclomaltoheptaose; The collector BGU 700g / t is prepared by mixing polyoxyethylene amine, cycloalkylamine and maleate; Adding collector BGU to the YLI inhibitor to obtain a slurry material; The slurry material is introduced into a flotation machine for rapid flotation separation. The froth product of the flotation is gangue minerals such as feldspar and quartz, and the product at the bottom of the flotation machine tank is spodumene.

2. A method for separating spodumene from gangue minerals by reverse flotation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the YLI inhibitor comprises the following steps: preparing an acetic acid solution with a mass fraction of 8% by weight using acetic acid and water, then adding sodium tripolyphosphate to the acetic acid solution to obtain a first solution, wherein the concentration of the sodium tripolyphosphate in the acetic acid solution in the first solution is 30 to 70 g / L, then weighing pregelatinized starch and cyclomaltoseptose in a mass ratio of 1:1, adding the pregelatinized starch and cyclomaltoseptose to the first solution, and stirring evenly to obtain a viscous substance, wherein the content of sodium tripolyphosphate in the pregelatinized starch and cyclomaltoseptose in the viscous substance is 30 to 70 mg / g, placing the stirred viscous substance in a constant temperature drying oven to dry, and grinding to obtain the spodumene YLI inhibitor.

3. A method for separating spodumene from gangue minerals by reverse flotation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The temperature of the constant temperature drying oven was set at 60°C.

4. A method for separating spodumene from gangue minerals by reverse flotation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of collector BGU is as follows: weigh 100g of raw material polyoxyethylene amine, add 100mL of water, mix and heat to 80°C, stir for 1 hour, this is component a, add 100mL of water to 50°C and maleate at 50°C to 60°C, stir for 2h, this is component b, after mixing component a and component b, add 10g of water glass and stir, and after stirring evenly, obtain BGU flotation collector.

5. A method for separating spodumene from gangue minerals by reverse flotation according to claim 1, characterized in that: Sodium carbonate is used to adjust the pH value of the pulp to 8 during flotation.

6. A method for separating spodumene from gangue minerals by reverse flotation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding requires a particle size of -0.074mm and a content of 85%, and the mass percentage concentration of the slurry is adjusted to 45%.

7. A method for separating spodumene from gangue minerals by reverse flotation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The model of the ball mill is XMQΦ240*90.

8. A method for separating spodumene from gangue minerals by reverse flotation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flotation machine is an XFG type pneumatic flotation machine.