System and method for preparing aluminum / copper alloy powder based on electric heating slag agent

Abstract

The invention discloses a system and method for preparing aluminum / copper alloy powder based on an electric heating slag agent, and belongs to the field of electroslag additive manufacturing of metal powder, the system comprises a control system, a transmission system and a powder making device, the control system comprises a programmable controller, a relay and a switch, and the transmission system comprises a stand column, a servo motor, a speed reducer and a ball screw. The ball screw comprises a coupler, a threaded rod, a sliding block, an insulating plate I and a connecting plate, the powder making device comprises an electroslag powder making smelting device, a power source, a cable, an electrode, an insulating plate II, an electrode chuck, a lined electroslag furnace lining, a cooling bottom plate, a cooling pipe, a cooling fluid storage box and a fluid circulation power system, and the electroslag powder making smelting device is based on smelting in the lined electroslag furnace lining. A current passes through an electrode to melt a metal raw material, qualified molten metal is prepared under the protection of an electric hot slag agent in a lining of the lined electroslag furnace, the molten metal is cooled and atomized through a cooling fluid, molten metal drops form fine solid powder, and qualified metal powder is produced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of electroslag additive manufacturing of metal powders, and in particular relates to a system and method for additive manufacturing of aluminum / copper alloy gold powders based on an electrothermal slag agent. Background Art

[0002] Metal powders are widely used in aerospace, energy, weapons, automotive industry and other fields. Due to the maturity of additive manufacturing technology, metal powders can be widely used in the above industries. Since the metal powders used in additive manufacturing need to have high fluidity, suitable powder particle size and high sphericity, atomization powder making is still the best choice for producing metal powders due to its advantages of large output and high sphericity. This technology currently accounts for 30% to 50% of the world's powder output.

[0003] However, for the main methods of preparing metal powders by gas atomization and other technologies, most of them require expensive equipment to control the atmosphere, so the production cost is high. In addition, due to the limited operating space of the equipment, it is difficult to achieve the mixing of metals with multiple qualified components from the same furnace of molten metal. Therefore, a method with cheap atmosphere control, high purity of the split body, compact equipment structure, and intermittent controllability is needed to achieve the mixing of metals with multiple qualified components from the same furnace of molten metal to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a system and method for preparing aluminum / copper alloy powder based on electric heating slag agent, so as to solve the shortcomings of technologies such as gas atomization method.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is realized based on the electroslag metallurgy technology. The principle of its melting and smelting part is similar to that of lined electroslag, that is, the protective slag agent is melted by the current in the circuit to form an electric heating slag agent, a heat source is generated, and metal powder is prepared under the protection of the electric heating slag agent. Since the surface of the molten metal is always covered by the electric heating slag agent during the whole process, the molten metal used to prepare the metal powder has a good long-term temperature control and anti-oxidation effect, and the type and amount of liquid metal discharged from the discharge port are controlled by selecting the intelligent tracking method of the liquid level of the metal or the liquid level difference before and after the slag level is released. It is also possible to continue powdering after adjusting the composition of the molten metal by adding heterogeneous metal materials, thereby solving the problem of preparing metal powders of various qualified components from the same furnace molten metal in the metal powder making process through intermittent controllability. At the same time, the method for preparing powders for additives and powder metallurgy under the protection of the electric heating slag agent with lined electroslag has a lower cost requirement for oxygen control equipment. Therefore, compared with traditional powder making equipment, this method can ensure efficiency and control metal purity while having intermittent controllability.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A system for preparing aluminum / copper alloy powder based on electrothermal slag agent, comprising a control system, a transmission system and a powder making device, wherein the control system comprises a programmable controller, a relay, and a switch, the transmission system comprises a column, a servo motor, a reducer, and a ball screw, the ball screw comprises a coupling, a threaded rod, a slider, an insulating plate I, and a connecting plate, the powder making device comprises an electroslag powder making and smelting device, a power supply, a cable, an electrode, an insulating plate II, an electrode chuck, a furnace lining with fluid temperature control protection or a furnace lining without fluid temperature control protection (referred to as a lined electroslag furnace lining, in which the fluid can be water, compressed air, etc.), a cooling bottom plate, a cooling pipe, a cooling fluid storage box, and a fluid circulation power system, and the electroslag powder making and smelting device is based on smelting in the lined electroslag furnace lining, wherein the inner furnace wall lining of the lined electroslag furnace lining is a refractory material.

[0008] Preferably, the aluminum / copper alloy powder of the present invention refers to aluminum, copper, aluminum alloy or copper alloy powder.

[0009] Preferably, the control system is interconnected with the transmission system, power supply and liquid level monitoring device, the control system can accurately control the transmission system, power supply and liquid level monitoring, and the transmission system can control the powder making device. The main control device of the control system is fixedly connected to the start of the universal transmission device of the transmission system, and the relay can control the power-off brake of the transmission system.

[0010] Preferably, an insulating plate I is provided between the transmission system column and the slider of the ball screw, and an insulating plate II is provided between the ball screw and the electrode chuck of the powder making device.

[0011] Preferably, the electrode chuck is arranged at a slider of a transmission system, and the lining of the lined electroslag furnace is arranged below the electrode chuck.

[0012] Preferably, one branch of the fluid cooling system is used to cool the lining of the lined electroslag furnace, and the second branch is used to cool the power supply system. Each branch constitutes a complete cooling circulation system through a fluid circulation power system and a cooling fluid storage tank.

[0013] Preferably, an electrode chuck is arranged above the fluid cooling device of the lined electroslag furnace lining, a copper fluid cooling bottom plate or other metal cooling bottom plate is arranged below the fluid cooling device of the lined electroslag furnace lining, and a discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the lined electroslag furnace lining to connect the powder making and powder collector. The type and amount of liquid metal discharged from the discharge port are controlled by intelligently tracking the liquid level difference before and after the metal liquid level or slag liquid level is discharged; the metal liquid passes through the discharge port, and the metal liquid is ejected and impacted by inert gas, etc., and the formation of metal powder is continuously maintained through the fluid circulation system.

[0014] A method for preparing aluminum / copper alloy powder based on an electrothermal slag agent is implemented using the above-mentioned system for preparing aluminum / copper alloy powder based on an electrothermal slag agent, and comprises the following steps:

[0015] The electric slag agent used in electroslag melting and powder making should be fully dried before melting. The electroslag melting can be carried out under the protection of dry argon and other gases. The amount of electroslag agent added during the electroslag melting process is generally 1-15% of the weight of the molten metal, and a deoxidizer of 0.5-2‰ can be added.

[0016] When producing metal powder, the melting rate of the molten metal (Kg / hour) = k×0.8×crystallizer diameter d (cm), where k is a correction factor (ranging from 0.5 to 5).

[0017] The electric heating slag agent is prepared by mixing three or more substances selected from CaF2, MgF2, CeO2, Na3AlF6, ZrO2, MgO, Al2O3, MgCl2, NaF, NaCl, LiCl and KCl in a specific range of proportions;

[0018] The electrothermal slag agent for preparing copper or copper alloy powder includes the following three types according to weight percentage concentration: (1) ternary slag CaF2 50-65%, MgF2 28-38%, CeO2 5-15%, totaling 100%; (2) quaternary slag CaF2 43-55%, Na3AlF6 15-30%, ZrO2 3-10%, MgF2 13-30%, totaling 100%; (3) quinary slag CaF2 40-53%, Na3AlF6 13-30%, ZrO2 2-10%, MgF2 11-30%, Al2O3 1-5%, totaling 100%, and the electrothermal slag agent is fully dried before use.

[0019] The electric heating slag agent for preparing aluminum or aluminum alloy powder is composed of MgCl2, NaF, NaCl, KCl, Na3AlF6 and LiCl, and includes the following four types by weight percentage: (1) MgCl2 5-55%, NaF 4-20%, NaCl 4-20%, KCl 0-10%, Na3AlF6 45-70%, totaling 100%; (2) MgCl2 5-55%, NaF 4-20%, NaCl 4-20%, KCl 0-10%, LiCl0-30%, totaling 100%; (3) MgCl2 5-55%, NaF 4-20%, NaCl 4-20%, KCl 45-55% and Na3AlF6 45-70%, totaling 100%; (4) MgCl2 5-55%, NaF 4-20%, NaCl 4-20%, KCl 45-55% and LiCl 0-30%, totaling 100%. The electric heating slag agent is fully dried before use.

[0020] Solid or liquid slag is used for ignition, and its chemical composition is TiO2 40-60%, CaF2 40-60%, ZrO22-3% by weight, which is 100% in total.

[0021] The specific operation process is as follows:

[0022] Step 1: Fix the electrode at the lower end of the electrode chuck to ensure that the electrode and the electrode chuck are concentric;

[0023] Step 2: starting the electric arc to make the electric heating slag in the lining of the lined electric slag furnace exceed the melting point of the slag agent and melt, or directly injecting liquid electric heating slag into the lining of the lined electric slag furnace;

[0024] Step 3: insert the electrode into the liquid electric heating slag agent, and the slag heat resistance of the electric heating slag agent immediately becomes the main heat source. When the electrode is a consumable electrode, the electrode is continuously melted; when the electrode is a non-consumable electrode, the metal material under the slag is the molten metal continuously injected from the side avoiding the electrode or the fine solid metal material added;

[0025] Step 4: The molten metal liquid gathers in the lining of the lined electric slag furnace, and the type and amount of liquid metal discharged from the discharge port are controlled by intelligently tracking the metal liquid level or slag liquid level and the level difference before and after the metal liquid is released; then the metal liquid enters the injection collector through the discharge port, and is sprayed to the powder collector under controlled atmosphere conditions to form metal powder; during this period, the electric heating slag agent is always in liquid state, which plays the role of continuous heating power supply and continuous protection of the metal from oxidation.

[0026] Preferably, in step 3, the purpose of intermittent control can be achieved by selecting a method of intelligently tracking the metal liquid level or slag liquid level. In addition, after releasing a portion of the metal liquid from the lining of the electroslag furnace for powder spraying, switching electrodes or adding alloys of different components to allow the newly mixed liquid alloy to continue to spray powder, the function of preparing metal powders of various qualified components from the same furnace metal liquid is achieved.

[0027] The key points of the present invention are:

[0028] The electric heating slag agent used in the present invention has the characteristics of low melting point and density, suitable viscosity, outstanding anti-burning ability, and is suitable for low melting point non-ferrous alloys. Compared with the existing method, it can achieve better refining effect for aluminum / copper alloys of different materials when used. The present invention uses the method of intelligently tracking the liquid level of the metal or the liquid level of the slag to release the liquid metal before and after the liquid metal is released, and controls the type and amount of liquid metal released from the discharge port, so as to realize intermittent control to prepare powders with multiple components.

[0029] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] (1) The present invention provides a control system, a transmission system and a powder making device, melts the electrode by electric current, prepares qualified molten metal under the protection of the electric heating slag agent in the lining of the lined electric slag furnace, cools and atomizes the molten metal with qualified composition by a cooling fluid, and forms fine solid powder by the molten metal droplets, thereby achieving the effect of producing metal powder with higher purity, and can achieve intermittent controllability with a smaller equipment volume by adjusting the percentage of molten metal released from the equipment and secondary adjustment of the composition of the raw materials subsequently added to the electrode.

[0031] (2) The present invention accurately controls the lifting and lowering of the electrode through a control system, accurately controls the melting speed of the electrode through a transformer, and realizes the function of preparing metal powders of various qualified components from the same furnace metal liquid through intermittent control. At the same time, the melting is carried out in the lining of the lined electroslag furnace, which effectively prevents the oxidation of the metal powder, and the metal powder is prepared under its protection, thereby improving the purity and performance of the metal powder, ensuring the mechanical properties of the prepared metal powder, and improving the production efficiency and product quality of the metal powder at the lowest cost limit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the transmission system structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 The figure is a structural diagram of the powder making device of the present invention;

[0035] In the figure: 1 is a cable; 2 is a cooling base plate; 3 is a lined electroslag furnace lining; 4 is a column; 5 is an electrode; 6 is a ball screw; 7 is an insulating plate I; 8 is an electrode chuck; 9 is a control system; 10 is a reducer; 11 is a servo motor; 12 is a fluid circulation power system; 13 is a cooling fluid storage box; 14 is a power supply (through a transformer or not); 15 is a cooling pipe; 16 is a metal powder collector; 17 is an inert gas cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will fully describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the implementation cases of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0037] Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0038] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0039] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the present invention provides a system for preparing aluminum / copper alloy powder based on electric heating slag agent, including a control system 9, a transmission system and a powder making device. The control system 9 includes a programmable controller, a relay, and a switch. The transmission system includes a column 4, a servo motor 11, a reducer 10, and a ball screw 6. The ball screw 6 is composed of a coupling, a threaded rod, a slider, an insulating plate I7, a monitoring device for intelligently tracking the metal liquid level or the slag liquid level, and a connecting plate. The powder making device includes an electric slag powder making power supply 14, a cable 1, an electrode 5, an insulating plate II, an electrode chuck 8, a lined electric slag furnace lining 3, a cooling bottom plate 2, a cooling pipe 15, a cooling fluid storage box 13, and a fluid circulation power system 12. The electric slag powder making monitoring device is placed in the lined electric slag furnace lining 3 for smelting, wherein the inner furnace wall lining of the lined electric slag furnace lining 3 is a refractory material.

[0040] The control system 9 is interconnected with the transmission system, the power supply 14 and the liquid level monitoring device. The control system 9 can accurately control the transmission system, the power supply and the liquid level monitoring. The switch of the control system 9 is fixedly connected to the start of the transmission system, and the relay can control the power-off brake of the transmission system. An insulating plate I 7 is provided between the transmission system column 4 and the slider of the ball screw 6, and an insulating plate II is provided between the transmission system ball screw 6 and the electrode chuck 8 of the powder making device. The electrode chuck 8 is placed at the transmission system slider and connected to the power supply 14. The lined electroslag furnace lining 3 is placed below the electrode chuck 8 and connected to the power supply 14. The fluid cooling system is provided with three ends, one end is used to connect the fluid cooling device of the lined electroslag furnace lining 3, which is used to quickly cool the molten metal to alleviate the problem of too slow cooling of the electroslag casting molten metal, one end is used to connect the fluid circulation power system 12, which is powered by a water pump, and one end is used to connect the cooling fluid storage box 13, forming a complete set of fluid circulation cooling system. An electrode chuck 8 is arranged above the lined electroslag furnace lining 3, a copper fluid cooling bottom plate 2 is arranged below the lined electroslag furnace lining 3, and a discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the lined electroslag furnace lining 3, which is connected to the powder making and metal powder collector 16.

[0041] The electrode 5 is clamped on the electrode clamp 8, and the current is adjusted by the transformer. After the arc is connected with the electric heating slag agent in the lined electric slag furnace lining 3, a path is formed to melt the electrode 5. The melted electrode 5 forms a metal liquid and gathers in the lined electric slag furnace lining 3. Under the protection of the electric heating slag agent, the metal liquid is prevented from oxidation. As the control system 9 accurately controls the up and down movement of the electrode 5 on the transmission system, the electrode melting pool is guaranteed to be stable. The formed metal liquid passes through the discharge port. Under the cooling of the lined electric slag furnace lining 3, the inert gas in the inert gas cylinder 17 is used to spray and impact the metal liquid, and the formation of metal powder is continuously maintained through the fluid circulation system. At the same time, because the control system can intermittently control the melting of the electrode 5 by controlling the lifting and lowering of the electrode 5 and the on and off of the current, the production of metal powder can be intermittently controlled. In addition, an insulating plate is set between the devices to effectively prevent the current loop when the transformer is connected to the electrode 5 from damaging the device.

[0042] To sum up, the precise control of the arc-igniting melting of the electrode 5 and the movement of the electrode 5 can stop and continue the melting of the electrode 5, and the problem of arc interruption and inability to re-ignite in the electroslag casting process is solved. Through the formation of the transmission control circuit of the electrode 5, the problems of production discontinuity and electroslag floating flow in the metal powder making process are solved, and the efficiency and quality of additive powder making are optimized. Through the intermittent control of the lifting and lowering of the electrode 5, the function of preparing metal powders of various qualified components from the same furnace molten metal is solved.

[0043] By starting the cooling fluid circulation system, the molten metal forms a molten pool under the protection of the electric heating slag agent in the lining 3 of the lined electroslag furnace, and the molten metal flows into the powder making device. After passing through the discharge port, high-purity, non-oxidized metal powder is formed under the blowing action of the cooling system and the inert gas, which improves the supply method of the molten metal and solves the problem of high oxygen control cost in the previous additive powder making, thereby shortening the R&D cycle, accelerating R&D efficiency, improving product quality, and realizing the function of preparing metal powders with a variety of qualified components from the same furnace molten metal, thus filling the gap in this field.

[0044] In the embodiment of the present invention, the amount of the electrothermal slag agent added during the electroslag melting process is 1-15% of the weight of the molten metal, and 0.5-2‰ of the deoxidizer can be added.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] A pure aluminum powder is prepared by the following method:

[0047] (1) 3 kg of high-purity aluminum is melted in a resistance furnace and cast into a 1000 mm long pure aluminum electrode 5 using a graphite mold, which is fixed on the above-mentioned equipment and connected to an electrode chuck 8; the composition of the electroslag slag agent is as follows: MgCl2 14%, Na3AlF6 46%, NaF 19%, NaCl 16%, KCl 5% in terms of weight percentage; the content of the electrothermal slag agent is 8% of the weight of the molten metal; arc striking: turn on the power supply and water pump, add the molten electrothermal slag agent into the lining 3 of the electroslag furnace (including flowing water temperature control protection) and use the control system 9 to quickly lower the electrode 5. When the electrode 5 is close to the upper surface of the electrothermal slag agent, use the control system 9 to slowly lower the electrode 5. The control system sets an electric power of 20 kW until the electrode 5 obviously arcs and begins to melt;

[0048] (2) Melting: The control system 9 is used to control the ball screw 6 to drive the electrode 5 to rise or fall slowly, so that the electrode 5 and the lining 3 (including flowing water temperature control protection) of the electroslag furnace are connected but no short circuit occurs, so as to ensure that the electrode 5 is melted evenly and stably, and the electric slag agent in the lining 3 (including flowing water temperature control protection) of the electroslag furnace floats and flows upward;

[0049] (3) Powder making: After the electrode 5 is melted stably and continuously, the valve of the inert gas (argon or nitrogen) bottle is opened, and the molten metal flows into the powder making device to start powder making. The powder making process is started until the electrode 5 is melted and the powder is cooled sufficiently, and then pure aluminum powder is collected.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] An AlSi7.5 powder is prepared by the following method:

[0052] (1) 2.25 kg of high-purity aluminum rod electrode 5-pure aluminum and 0.75 kg of AlSi30 master alloy rod electrode 5-AlSi30 are selected, and the electrode 5-AlSi30 is fixed on the electrode chuck 8; the electric heating slag agent is selected from: MgCl2 10%, Na3AlF6 52%, NaF 14%, NaCl15%, KCl 9%; the content of the electric heating slag agent is 9% of the weight of the molten metal;

[0053] (2) Arc striking: Turn on the power supply and the air pump, add the molten electric heating slag agent into the lining 3 of the lined electric slag furnace protected by the compressed air flow temperature control, and use the control system 9 to quickly lower the electrode 5-pure aluminum. When the electrode 5-pure aluminum approaches the upper surface of the electric heating slag agent, use the control system 9 to slowly lower the electrode 5-pure aluminum. The control system gives 20 kW of electric power until the electrode 5-pure aluminum obviously arcs and begins to melt.

[0054] (3) Electrode 5 - The arc striking, melting and powder making process of pure aluminum are the same as those in Example 1 except for the furnace lining temperature control method. The difference is that the monitoring device for intelligently tracking the slag level is realized by mainly using the heat-resistant alloy electric couple detection and tracking method, so that about 50% of the metal liquid is reserved and does not flow into the powder making device;

[0055] (4) Using the control system 9 to control the ball screw 6 to drive the electrode 5-AlSi30 to rise to a sufficient height, the passage between the electrode 5-AlSi30 and the mold is disconnected, and the passage of electroslag casting is controllably disconnected. Turn off the power supply 14, remove the electrode chuck 8, remove the remaining electrode 5-AlSi30, and fix the AlSi30 master alloy electrode on the electrode chuck 8;

[0056] By calculating the weight relationship between the new powder and the AlSi30 master alloy electrode to be melted, the weight of the melted AlSi30 master alloy electrode is controlled, and the arc striking, melting and powder making processes of step (2) are repeated to prepare powders such as AlSi7.5 and AlSi12 powders, thereby achieving intermittent controllable powder in the powder making process.

[0057] Example 3

[0058] A method for adjusting the composition of an AlMg6 ingot and purifying metal powder comprises the following steps:

[0059] (1) A batch of AlMg6 ingots stored for a long time were tested for composition, wherein the Mg content was 5%; 20 kg of the above alloy and 0.22 kg of pure magnesium were smelted and cast into an electrode 5-AlMg6 and an electrode 5-Mg respectively using a graphite mold, and the alloy electrode 5-AlMg6 was fixed on an electrode chuck 8; the electrothermal slag agent was selected from: MgCl2 5%, NaCl 5%, NaF 5%, KCl 55%, LiCl 30%; the content of the electrothermal slag agent was 5% of the weight of the molten metal;

[0060] (2) Arc striking: Add molten electric slag into the lining 3 of the lined electric slag furnace protected by airflow temperature control and use the control system 9 to quickly lower the electrode 5-AlMg6. When the electrode 5-AlMg6 approaches the upper surface of the electric slag, the control system 9 is used to slowly lower the electrode and give an electric power of 40kW until the electrode 5-AlMg6 obviously arcs and begins to melt. The arc striking, melting and powder making process of the alloy electrode 5-AlMg6 are the same as those in Example 1.

[0061] (3) Using the control system 9 to control the ball screw 6 to drive the alloy electrode 5-AlMg6 to rise to a sufficient height, the passage between the alloy electrode 5-AlMg6 and the mold is disconnected, and the passage of electroslag casting is controllably disconnected. Turn off the power supply 14, remove the electrode chuck 8, remove the remaining alloy electrode 5-AlMg6, fix the pure magnesium electrode 5-Mg on the above-mentioned equipment and connect the electrode chuck 8;

[0062] (4) Repeat the arc striking, melting and powder making process of Example 1 to achieve intermittent and controllable powder making.

[0063] Example 4

[0064] 35 kg of copper alloy TCr1-0.15 (Cu is the balance, Zr 0.05-0.25%, Cr 0.60-1.50%, total impurities ≤ 0.2%) powder was prepared by the following method:

[0065] The copper alloy is made of TCr1-0.15 (Cu is the balance, Zr 0.05-0.25%, Cr 0.60-1.50%, and the total impurities ≤ 0.2%); considering the solidification characteristics and composition characteristics of the alloy, a ternary slag system is used: CaF2 60%, MgF2 35%, CeO2 5%, and the slag amount is 4% of the casting weight;

[0066] A solid arc igniter is used to ignite the electric heating slag agent, and its chemical composition is TiO2 50%, CaF2 48%, and ZrO2 2% by weight;

[0067] Given an electric power of 38 kW, TCr1-0.15 powder was obtained by the method of Example 1.

[0068] Example 5

[0069] Preparation of 15kg copper alloy TCr1-0.15 (Cu is the balance, Zr 0.05-0.25%, Cr 0.60-1.50%, total impurities ≤ 0.2%) powder, considering the alloy solidification characteristics and composition characteristics, using quaternary slag system: CaF2 50%, Na3AlF6 29%, ZrO2 5%, MgF2 16%, the content of electric heating slag agent is 6% of the weight of the molten metal; powder making;

[0070] A solid arc igniter is used to ignite the electric heating slag agent, and its chemical composition is TiO2 49%, CaF2 49%, and ZrO2 2% by weight;

[0071] Given an electric power of 35 kW and powered by a non-consumable electrode, the liquid metal is drained from the side and poured into the electroslag lining to replace the consumable electrode to melt into a liquid metal molten pool. The melting process is similar to that in Example 1, and the powder making end is consistent with that in Example 1 to obtain TCr1-0.15 powder.

[0072] Example 6

[0073] 40kg copper alloy TCr0.7 (Cu is the balance, Ni≤0.05%, Cr 0.55-0.85%, Fe≤0.1%, total impurities≤0.2%) powder is prepared; considering the solidification characteristics and composition characteristics of the alloy, a five-element slag system is used: CaF2 49%, Na3AlF626%, ZrO2 5%, MgF2 17%, Al2O3 3%; the content of the electric heating slag agent is 4% of the weight of the molten metal;

[0074] A solid arc igniter is used to ignite the electric heating slag agent, and its chemical composition is TiO2 49%, CaF2 49%, and ZrO2 2% by weight;

[0075] Given an electric power of 60 kW and powered by a non-consumable electrode, small solid metal blocks are added from the side of the electroslag lining to replace the consumable electrode and melted into a liquid metal pool. The melting process is similar to that of Example 1, and the powder making end is consistent with that of Example 1 to obtain TCr0.7 powder.

[0076] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for preparing aluminum / copper alloy powder based on electric heating slag agent, characterized in that: It includes a control system, a transmission system and a powder making device. The control system includes a programmable controller, a relay, and a switch. The transmission system includes a column, a servo motor, a reducer, and a ball screw. The ball screw includes a coupling, a threaded rod, a slider, an insulating plate I, and a connecting plate. The powder making device includes an electroslag powder making and smelting device, a power supply, a cable, an electrode, an insulating plate II, an electrode chuck, a lined electroslag furnace lining, a cooling bottom plate, a cooling pipe, a cooling fluid storage box, and a fluid circulation power system. The electroslag powder making and smelting device is based on smelting in the lined electroslag furnace lining, wherein the inner furnace wall lining of the lined electroslag furnace lining is a refractory material.

2. A system for preparing aluminum / copper alloy powder based on electric heating slag agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control system is interconnected with the transmission system, power supply and liquid level monitoring device. The control system accurately controls the transmission system, power supply and liquid level monitoring, and the transmission system controls the powder making device.

3. The system for preparing aluminum / copper alloy powder based on electric heating slag agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: An insulating plate I is provided between the transmission system column and the slider of the ball screw; an insulating plate II is provided between the ball screw and the electrode chuck of the powder making device; and the lining of the lined electroslag furnace is arranged under the electrode chuck.

4. The system for preparing aluminum / copper alloy powder based on electric heating slag agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: One branch of the fluid cooling system is used to protect the lining of the lined electroslag furnace, and the other branch is used to cool the power supply system. Each branch constitutes a complete cooling circulation system through a fluid circulation power system and a cooling fluid storage tank.

5. The system for preparing aluminum / copper alloy powder based on electric heating slag agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: An electrode chuck is arranged above the lining of the lined electric slag furnace, a copper fluid cooling bottom plate or other metal cooling bottom plate is arranged below the lining of the lined electric slag furnace, a discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the lined electric slag furnace lining to connect with a powder making and powder collector, the molten metal is ejected and impacted through the discharge port under the protection of the atmosphere, and the formation of metal powder is continuously maintained through the fluid circulation system.

6. A method for preparing aluminum / copper alloy powder based on electrothermal slag agent, which is implemented by using the system for preparing aluminum / copper alloy powder based on electrothermal slag agent according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Fix the electrode at the lower end of the electrode chuck to ensure that the electrode and the electrode chuck are concentric; Step 2: starting the electric arc to make the electric heating slag in the lining of the lined electric slag furnace exceed the melting point of the slag agent and melt, or directly injecting liquid electric heating slag into the lining of the lined electric slag furnace; Step 3: insert the electrode into the liquid electric heating slag agent, the slag heat resistance of the electric heating slag agent immediately becomes the main heat source, and when the electrode is a consumable electrode, the electrode is continuously melted; When the electrode is a non-consumable electrode, the metal material below the slag is the molten metal continuously injected from the side avoiding the electrode or the fine solid metal material added; Step 4: The molten metal liquid gathers in the lining of the lined electric slag furnace, and the type and amount of liquid metal discharged from the discharge port are controlled by intelligently tracking the metal liquid level or the slag liquid level and the level difference before and after the metal liquid is released; during this period, the electric heating slag agent is always in liquid state, which plays the role of continuous heating power supply and continuous protection of the metal from oxidation.

7. The method for preparing aluminum / copper alloy powder based on electric heating slag agent according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the step 3, the type and amount of liquid metal discharged from the discharge port are controlled by intelligently tracking the liquid level difference before and after the metal liquid is discharged through the metal liquid level or the slag liquid level; after a part of the liquid metal is released from the lining of the lined electric slag furnace for powder spraying, the electrodes are subsequently switched or alloys with different components are added to allow the newly mixed liquid alloy to continue to spray powder, so that the function of preparing metal powders of various qualified components from the same furnace metal liquid is achieved through intermittent controllable method.

8. The method for preparing aluminum / copper alloy powder based on electric heating slag agent according to claim 6, characterized in that: The electric heating slag agent is prepared by mixing three or more substances selected from the group consisting of CaF2, MgF2, CeO2, Na3AlF6, ZrO2, MgO, Al2O3, MgCl2, NaF, NaCl, LiCl and KCl.

9. The method for preparing aluminum / copper alloy powder based on electric heating slag agent according to claim 8, characterized in that: The electrothermal slag agent for preparing copper or copper alloy powder includes the following three types by weight percentage: (1) ternary slag CaF2 50-65%, MgF2 28-38%, CeO2 5-15%, totaling 100%; (2) quaternary slag CaF2 43-55%, Na3AlF6 15-30%, ZrO2 3-10%, MgF2 13-30%, totaling 100%; (3) quinary slag CaF2 40-53%, Na3AlF6 13-30%, ZrO2 2-10%, MgF2 11-30%, Al2O3 1-5%, totaling 100%, and the electrothermal slag agent is fully dried before use; the solid or liquid slag is ignited, and its chemical composition by weight percentage is TiO2 40-60%, CaF2 40-60%, ZrO2 2-3%, totaling 100%.

10. The method for preparing aluminum / copper alloy powder based on electric heating slag agent according to claim 8, characterized in that: The electric heating slag agent for preparing aluminum or aluminum alloy powder is composed of MgCl2, NaF, NaCl, KCl, Na3AlF6 and LiCl, and includes the following four types according to weight percentage: (1) MgCl2 5-55%, NaF 4-20%, NaCl 4-20%, KCl 0-10%, Na3AlF6 45-70%, totaling 100%; (2) MgCl2 5-55%, NaF 4-20%, NaCl 4-20%, KCl 0-10%, LiCl 0-30%, totaling 100%; (3) MgCl2 5-55%, NaF 4-20%, NaCl 4-20%, KCl 45-55% and Na3AlF6 45-70%, totaling 100%; (4) MgCl2 5-55%, NaF 4-20%, NaCl 4-20%, KCl 45-55% and LiCl 0-30%, totaling 100%. The electric heating slag agent is fully dried before use.

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