Milling machine workpiece positioning device for spline machining

Abstract

The invention relates to a milling machine workpiece positioning device, in particular to a milling machine workpiece positioning device for spline machining. Comprising an indexing mechanism, a rotating shaft, a support, a clamping mechanism and a center mechanism, and the indexing mechanism and the clamping mechanism are connected through the rotating shaft and rotate synchronously; according to the clamping mechanism, a connecting rod mechanism is matched with a spring, three sets of clamping jaws are expanded and contracted, and a workpiece is clamped through the clamping mechanism and a telescopic tip. The indexing mechanism comprises indexing wheels and a positioning pin, the indexing wheels with various specifications are detachably installed at one end of the rotating shaft, the indexing wheels are provided with indexing holes which are equally divided in the circumferential direction, the number of the indexing holes is consistent with that of the spline grooves, the indexing wheels are rotated to achieve the purpose that the milling machine mills the equally divided grooves, and the positioning pin is used for locking the indexing wheels in the circumferential direction. The indexing mechanism is simple in structure, low in cost and convenient to operate and maintain, indexing is fast according to the number of spline grooves, operation intensity is remarkably reduced, and machining efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a workpiece positioning device for a milling machine, in particular to a workpiece positioning device for a milling machine used for spline processing. Background Art

[0002] Conventional spline shafts are usually processed using a milling machine. The processing process is to first clamp one end of the shaft to be processed on the chuck of the dividing head, and use a center point to support the center hole at the other end to complete the clamping and positioning of the workpiece; during processing, the rotation angle of each spline is calculated according to the number of splines, and after milling the first groove, the dividing head rotation handle is shaken, and the corresponding angle is rotated before processing again, and the remaining equally divided grooves are milled in this way. Milling each equally divided groove requires multiple turns of shaking the dividing head handle. The dividing head is relatively bulky, and the clamping and rotation operations are relatively cumbersome. The long-term shaking of the handle is labor-intensive and has low production efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0003] (I) Technical problem: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a workpiece positioning device for a milling machine for spline processing, comprising an indexing mechanism, a clamping mechanism and a telescopic center, the indexing mechanism and the clamping mechanism are coaxially arranged, the clamping mechanism can quickly clamp the workpiece through a connecting rod and a spring, the indexing wheel is rotated and the positioning pin is inserted into the indexing hole of the indexing wheel, the workpiece is positioned and divided equally at the same time, the indexing wheel adopts a detachable structure, and the indexing wheel with the same number of indexing holes is installed according to the number of spline grooves to be processed.

[0004] (II) Technical solution: To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A workpiece positioning device for a milling machine for spline processing comprises an indexing mechanism, a rotating shaft, a bracket, a clamping mechanism and a centering mechanism, wherein the indexing mechanism and the clamping mechanism are connected via the rotating shaft and rotate synchronously; the centering mechanism is provided with a telescopic centering mechanism, the center of the centering mechanism is in the same straight line with the rotation center of the rotating shaft and is parallel to the milling machine worktable; the bracket and the centering mechanism are fixed at both ends of the milling machine worktable by special bolts with T-slots; the indexing mechanism comprises a indexing wheel and a locating pin, the indexing wheel is detachably mounted at one end of the rotating shaft, the indexing wheel is provided with indexing holes equally divided in a circle, the indexing wheel has a variety of specifications, and each specification corresponds to a different number of indexing holes, the locating pin and the indexing hole cooperate with the same taper to achieve circumferential locking and positioning of the indexing wheel.

[0005] Preferably, the bracket includes two groups of vertically and parallel support plates, bearings are installed on the support plates, the rotating shaft is inserted into the bearings and is rotatable relative to the bracket; one end of the rotating shaft is provided with an external hexagon and a first thread, and the other end is a hollow structure and is provided with a second thread, a boss is provided in the middle of the rotating shaft and a slot is processed along the axial direction, a first pin shaft hole is provided perpendicular to the slot hole and a first pin shaft is installed in the first pin shaft hole.

[0006] Preferably, the clamping mechanism includes a push rod, a push rod, a compression spring, a positioning cylinder and three groups of clamping claws evenly arranged along the outer circumference of the positioning cylinder, the positioning cylinder is provided with an internal thread screwed together with the second thread, three groups of ear plates are evenly distributed around the circumference of the positioning cylinder, the ear plate is provided with a second pin shaft hole and a second pin shaft is installed in the second pin shaft hole, the clamping claw is fixed by the second pin shaft and can rotate around the second pin shaft, and the positioning cylinder is provided with three groups of through holes along the radial direction.

[0007] Preferably, the push rod is coaxial with the rotating shaft, one end of the push rod has a symmetry plane and is provided with a third pin shaft, the other end of the push rod is a cone and is located in the positioning cylinder, and the compression spring is located between the rotating shaft and the positioning cylinder; the push rod passes through the slot hole and the middle part is sleeved on the first pin shaft, the upper end of the push rod is a hollow tube, the lower end is a U-shaped fork head and is provided with a guide groove, and the third pin shaft is accommodated in the guide groove.

[0008] Preferably, an adjusting shaft is slidably arranged in the through hole, one end of the adjusting shaft abuts against the clamping claw, and the other end is an inclined surface and is tangent to the cone.

[0009] Preferably, the first threaded sleeve is provided with a butterfly nut, the center of the dividing wheel has a hexagonal hole adapted to the outer hexagon, the diameter of the dividing hole gradually decreases along the axial direction to form a tapered inner hole, the locating pin is composed of a guide sleeve, a guide spring and a locking shaft, and the front end of the locking shaft has an outer cone matching the tapered inner hole.

[0010] Preferably, the top mechanism also includes a support body and an adjusting wheel, the top is located in the support body and can move along the axis of the top; the adjusting wheel is connected to the support body through a thread and can adjust the length of the threaded engagement section, the adjusting wheel is provided with an annular groove, and the end of the top is provided with an annular boss, and the annular boss is embedded in the annular groove.

[0011] Beneficial effects: The present invention is a workpiece positioning device for a milling machine for spline processing, which realizes rapid clamping of the workpiece through a three-claw mechanism, utilizes a positioning pin to quickly index the dividing wheel to realize equal division of the spline groove, and adopts a dividing wheel with the same number of dividing holes as the number of processed key grooves. The dividing process does not need to calculate the number of rotations to avoid operational errors, and rapid indexing and positioning is realized by rotating one dividing hole in turn. The positioning device has a simple structure, low cost, and convenient operation and replacement, which significantly reduces the work intensity and improves the processing efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] The technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention will be made apparent by describing in detail the specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0013] Figure 1It is a structural schematic diagram of a workpiece positioning device for a milling machine for spline processing according to the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the clamping mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the rotating shaft structure of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the positioning tube structure of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the top rod structure of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the indexing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the indexing wheel of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the top mechanism of the present invention.

[0014] In the figure: 10. Indexing mechanism; 11. Indexing wheel; 111. Indexing hole; 112. Hexagonal hole; 12. Positioning pin; 121. Guide sleeve; 122. Guide spring; 123. Locking shaft; 13. Butterfly nut; 20. Rotating shaft; 21. External hexagonal; 22. First thread; 23. Second thread; 24. Slotted hole; 25. First pin shaft; 30. Bracket; 31. Support plate; 40. Clamping mechanism; 41. Ejector rod; 411. Three pins; 412. cone; 42. push rod; 43. compression spring; 44. positioning cylinder; 441. internal thread; 442. ear plate; 443. through hole; 45. clamping claw; 46. second pin; 47. adjusting shaft; 48. return spring; 50. top mechanism; 51. top; 511. annular boss; 52. supporting body; 53. adjusting wheel; 531. annular groove; 60. milling machine table; 70. special bolt for T-slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments; based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making any creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0016] like Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the present invention describes a milling machine workpiece positioning device for spline processing, comprising an indexing mechanism 10, a rotating shaft 20, a bracket 30, a clamping mechanism 40 and a centering mechanism 50. The indexing mechanism 10 and the clamping mechanism 40 are connected by the rotating shaft 20 and rotate synchronously; the centering mechanism 50 is provided with a telescopic centering 51, the rotation center of the rotating shaft 20 and the center of the centering 51 are in the same straight line and parallel to the milling machine worktable 60; the bracket 30 and the centering mechanism 50 are fixed to the two ends of the milling machine worktable 60 by using T-slot special bolts 70, and the centering 51 is provided with a telescopic centering 51. 51 is directed toward the clamping mechanism 40; the indexing mechanism 10 includes a indexing wheel 11 and a locating pin 12, the indexing wheel 11 is detachably mounted on one end of the rotating shaft 20, the indexing wheel 11 is provided with indexing holes 111 equally divided by the circumference, the indexing wheel 11 has a variety of specifications and each specification corresponds to a different number of indexing holes 111, the indexing holes 111 are consistent with the number of spline grooves machined on the workpiece, and are used to realize the machining of the corresponding number of spline grooves, the locating pin 12 and the indexing holes 111 are matched with the tapered holes having the same taper, so as to realize the circumferential positioning of the indexing wheel 11.

[0017] Among them, the bracket 30 includes two groups of vertically and parallel support plates 31 and a bottom plate perpendicular to the support plates 31. The bottom plate is provided with a bolt groove for installing a T-slot special bolt 70. The support plate 31 is installed with a bearing. The rotating shaft 20 is passed through the bearing and rotates relative to the bracket 30; one end of the rotating shaft 20 is provided with an external hexagonal 21 and a first thread 22, and the other end is a hollow structure, which is thickened in diameter through a conical transition and is provided with a second thread 23. A group of bosses are provided in the middle of the rotating shaft 20 and a slot hole 24 is processed along the axial direction. The slot hole 24 passes through the boss and the side wall of the rotating shaft 20, and a first pin shaft hole is provided perpendicular to the slot hole 24. The first pin shaft 25 is installed in the first pin shaft hole.

[0018] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the clamping mechanism 40 includes a push rod 41, a push rod 42, a compression spring 43, a positioning cylinder 44 and three groups of clamping claws 45 evenly arranged along the outer circumference of the positioning cylinder 44, the positioning cylinder 44 is provided with an internal thread 441 screwed together with the second thread 23, the positioning cylinder 44 is evenly distributed with three groups of ear plates 442 on the circumference, the ear plate 442 is provided with a second pin shaft hole and a second pin shaft 46 is installed in the second pin shaft hole, the clamping claw 42 is fixed by the second pin shaft 46 and can rotate around the second pin shaft 46, the positioning cylinder 44 is radially provided with three groups of through holes 443 and the through holes 443 are located on the extension line of the center of the ear plate 442, a blind hole is processed on one side of the ear plate 442 and a reset spring 48 is provided.

[0019] Furthermore, the push rod 41 is coaxial with the rotating shaft 20, one end of the push rod 41 has a symmetrical plane and is provided with a third pin 411, the other end of the push rod 41 is a cone 412 and is coaxially located in the positioning tube 44, and the compression spring 43 is located between the end surface of the cone 412 and the positioning tube 44; the push rod 42 passes through the slot 24 and the middle part is sleeved on the first pin 25, the upper end of the push rod 42 is a hollow tube, which can be inserted into the force rod, and the lower end is a U-shaped fork head and is provided with a guide groove, and the third pin 411 is accommodated in the guide groove; the hollow tube is inserted into the force rod and the push rod 42 is pulled to one side, the push rod 42 rotates around the first pin 25, the guide groove pushes the third pin 411 to move to the opposite side, and the push rod 41 achieves translation.

[0020] Among them, an adjusting shaft 47 is slidably arranged in the through hole 443, one end of the adjusting shaft 47 is in contact with the clamping claw 45, and the other end is an inclined surface and tangent to the cone 412. When the push rod 41 moves, the cone 412 pushes the adjusting shaft 47 to slide radially, and works together with the return spring 48 to adjust the opening angle of the three groups of clamping claws 45; when there is no external force, the preload force of the compression spring 43 drives the push rod 41 to move forward, and the cone 412 pushes the adjusting shaft 47 to slide radially outward, and pushes the clamping claw 42 to rotate around the second pin shaft 46, and the front end of the three groups of clamping claws 42 shrinks inward to clamp the workpiece.

[0021] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the first thread 22 is sleeved with a butterfly nut 13 for fixing the indexing wheel 11. The indexing wheel 11 is disc-shaped and has a hexagonal hole 112 in the center that is adapted to the outer hexagon 21. The diameter of the indexing hole 111 gradually decreases along the axial direction to form a tapered inner hole. The locating pin 12 is composed of a guide sleeve 121, a guide spring 122 and a locking shaft 123. The front end of the locking shaft 123 has an outer cone that matches the tapered inner hole. When indexing, the locking shaft 123 is pulled out axially, and the front end outer cone exits the limiting hole 112. The indexing wheel 11 is rotated and the clamping mechanism 40 is driven to rotate synchronously to the next indexing position. The front end outer cone of the locking shaft 123 enters the next limiting hole 111 under the action of the restoring force of the guide spring 122, thereby realizing the circumferential limitation of the indexing wheel 11.

[0022] like Figure 8 As shown, the top mechanism 50 also includes a support body 52 and an adjusting wheel 53. The top 51 is located in the support body 52 and can move along the axis of the top 51; the adjusting wheel 53 is connected to the support body 52 through a thread and can adjust the length of the thread engagement section. The adjusting wheel 53 is provided with an annular groove 531, and the end of the top 51 has an annular boss 511, and the annular boss 511 is embedded in the annular groove 531. When the adjusting wheel 53 is rotated to change the thread engagement length, the annular groove 531 translates and drives the annular boss 511 to move accordingly, and the top 51 can be extended back and forth.

[0023] When in use, the bracket 30 and the top mechanism 50 are fixed with the T-slot special bolt 70, and the distance between the positioning cylinder 44 and the top 51 is adjusted according to the length of the spline shaft to be processed; a suitable indexing wheel 11 is selected and installed, the number of indexing holes 111 is consistent with the number of spline grooves to be processed, the indexing wheel 11 is installed on the outer hexagon 21 through the hexagonal hole 112 and the butterfly nut 13 is tightened to complete the replacement connection of the indexing wheel 11; the upper end of the push rod 42 is inserted into the force rod and pulled toward one side of the indexing wheel 11, the push rod 41 moves toward the end of the positioning cylinder 44, and the compression spring 43 is further compressed As the cone 412 moves forward, the adjusting shaft 47 contracts radially, the front ends of the three groups of clamping claws 45 open, and the push rod 42 is released after the spline shaft to be processed is placed. The compression spring 43 pushes the push rod 41 forward, and the cone 412 pushes the adjusting shaft 47 to slide radially outward, pushing the clamping claws 42 to rotate around the second pin shaft 46. The front ends of the three groups of clamping claws 42 contract and clamp the outer surface of the workpiece to be processed; the rotating adjusting wheel 53 drives the top 51 to move forward, and presses against the other end of the spline shaft to complete the positioning of the workpiece. The clamping mechanism 40 uses a connecting rod mechanism in conjunction with a spring to achieve rapid clamping of the workpiece.

[0024] After the first keyway is milled, the locking shaft 123 is pulled out axially, and the outer cone at the front end of the locking shaft 123 withdraws from the limiting hole 111, releasing the positioning of the indexing wheel 11; the indexing wheel 11 is rotated to the next limiting hole 111, and the locking shaft 123 is released. Under the action of the restoring force of the guide spring 122, the outer cone is in close contact with the limiting hole 111, so as to achieve the circumferential limitation of the indexing wheel 11 and carry out the milling of the next keyway. The number of limiting holes 111 is consistent with the number of spline grooves. The processing of the spline shaft is completed after one rotation, so as to achieve the purpose of milling equal slots by the milling machine; there is no need to calculate the number of rotations during the indexing process to avoid operating errors, and the indexing wheel 11 is rotated to achieve rapid positioning. The workpiece positioning device has a simple structure, low cost, and convenient operation and replacement, which significantly reduces the work intensity and improves the processing efficiency.

[0025] The above are only implementation methods of the present application, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A workpiece positioning device for a milling machine for spline processing, characterized in that: The invention comprises an indexing mechanism (10), a rotating shaft (20), a bracket (30), a clamping mechanism (40) and a top mechanism (50), wherein the indexing mechanism (10) and the clamping mechanism (40) are connected via the rotating shaft (20) and rotate synchronously; the top mechanism (50) is provided with a telescopic top (51), the center of the top (51) is in the same straight line with the rotation center of the rotating shaft (20) and is parallel to the milling machine worktable (60); the bracket (30) and the top mechanism (50) are connected to each other via the rotating shaft (20) and rotate synchronously; the top mechanism (50) is provided with a telescopic top (51), the center of the top (51) is in the same straight line with the rotation center of the rotating shaft (20) and is parallel to the milling machine worktable (60); T-slotted special bolts (70) are used to fix the two ends of the milling machine worktable (60); the indexing mechanism (10) comprises a indexing wheel (11) and a positioning pin (12); the indexing wheel (11) is detachably mounted on one end of the rotating shaft (20); the indexing wheel (11) is provided with indexing holes (111) equally divided on the circumference; the indexing wheel (11) has a plurality of specifications, and each specification corresponds to a different number of indexing holes (111); the positioning pin (12) and the indexing hole (111) are matched with the same taper to achieve circumferential locking and positioning of the indexing wheel (11).

2. A workpiece positioning device for a milling machine for spline processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support (30) comprises two groups of vertically and parallelly arranged support plates (31), bearings being installed on the support plates (31), the rotating shaft (20) being inserted into the bearings and rotating relative to the support (30); one end of the rotating shaft (20) is provided with an external hexagon (21) and a first thread (22), and the other end is a hollow structure and is provided with a second thread (23); a boss is provided in the middle of the rotating shaft (20) and a slotted hole (24) is processed along the axial direction; a first pin hole is provided perpendicular to the slotted hole (24) and a first pin (25) is installed in the first pin hole.

3. A workpiece positioning device for a milling machine for spline machining according to claim 2, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism (40) comprises a push rod (41), a push rod (42), a compression spring (43), a positioning cylinder (44), and three groups of clamping claws (45) uniformly arranged along the outer circumference of the positioning cylinder (44); the positioning cylinder (44) is provided with an internal thread (441) screwed together with the second thread (23); three groups of ear plates (442) are uniformly distributed around the circumference of the positioning cylinder (44); the ear plates (442) are provided with second pin shaft holes and second pin shafts (46) are installed in the second pin shaft holes; the clamping claws (45) are fixed by the second pin shaft (46) and can rotate around the second pin shaft (46); and the positioning cylinder (44) is provided with three groups of through holes (443) along the radial direction.

4. A workpiece positioning device for a milling machine for spline machining according to claim 3, characterized in that: The push rod (41) is coaxial with the rotating shaft (20); one end of the push rod (41) has a symmetry plane and is provided with a third pin shaft (411); the other end of the push rod (41) is a cone (412) and is located in the positioning cylinder (44); the compression spring (43) is located between the rotating shaft (20) and the positioning cylinder (44); the push rod (42) passes through the slot (24) and the middle part is sleeved on the first pin shaft (25); the upper end of the push rod (42) is hollow tubular, and the lower end is a U-shaped fork head and is provided with a guide groove, and the third pin shaft (411) is accommodated in the guide groove.

5. A workpiece positioning device for a milling machine for spline machining according to claim 4, characterized in that: An adjustment shaft (47) is slidably disposed in the through hole (443); one end of the adjustment shaft (47) abuts against the clamping claw (45), and the other end is an inclined surface and is tangent to the cone (412).

6. A workpiece positioning device for a milling machine for spline machining according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first thread (22) is sleeved with a butterfly nut (13); the center of the indexing wheel (11) has a hexagonal hole (112) adapted to the outer hexagon (21); the diameter of the indexing hole (111) gradually decreases along the axial direction to form a tapered inner hole; the positioning pin (12) is composed of a guide sleeve (121), a guide spring (122) and a locking shaft (123); the front end of the locking shaft (123) has an outer cone that matches the tapered inner hole.

7. A workpiece positioning device for a milling machine for spline machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tip mechanism (50) further comprises a support body (52) and an adjusting wheel (53); the tip (51) is located in the support body (52) and is movable along the axis of the tip (51); the adjusting wheel (53) is connected to the support body (52) via a thread and is capable of adjusting the length of the threaded engagement section; the adjusting wheel (53) is provided with an annular groove (531); a distal end of the tip (51) is provided with an annular boss (511); the annular boss (511) is embedded in the annular groove (531).

Images