Machining method for solving intermittent small-diameter deep hole

Abstract

The invention provides a machining method for solving intermittent small-diameter deep holes, which comprises the following steps of: S1, providing a seat body, and arranging an aluminum alloy transition pin at an intermittent structure of the seat body; s2, a milling cutter, a first inner-cooling coating drill bit and a second inner-cooling coating drill bit are installed on a cutter handle; s3, the cutter is calibrated, and the calibrated cutter is installed on a machine tool spindle; s4, a guide hole is machined in the position, corresponding to the aluminum alloy transition pin, of the seat body through a milling cutter, and a first deep hole is machined in the length direction of the seat body in an extending mode along the guide hole; s5, the aluminum alloy transition pin is machined and removed; and S6, a second deep hole is machined in the position, corresponding to the first deep hole, of the base body in the length direction of the base body in an extending mode through a second inner cooling coating drill bit and pecking drill. According to the machining method, machining of intermittent small-diameter deep holes is achieved, the machining method is efficient, reliable, high in universality and stable in machining, the percent of pass is greatly increased, the production efficiency is improved, and the surface quality of parts is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of aviation technology, and in particular to a mechanical processing method for solving intermittent small-diameter deep holes. Background Art

[0002] At present, we produce a series of aviation parts with many cross holes inside. Some parts have small diameter deep hole structure. Deep hole processing works under semi-closed conditions and is therefore subject to more restrictions: the cutting condition of the tool cannot be directly observed; the cutting heat is not easy to dissipate; chip removal is difficult, etc. Ordinary coated alloy drills or gun drills and other tools have weak rigidity, and the tools are very easy to break during processing. Broken tools will damage the surface of the parts, which can easily lead to the scrapping of parts, extremely poor processing quality, rough surface of parts, low efficiency, and the machine tool needs to have an internal cooling device. Machine tools without internal cooling cannot process such small diameter deep hole structure parts. In view of the above problems, we cleverly designed a step internal cooling drill in the process of processing such parts, used the segmented processing technology, and adopted the NC program of pecking drilling processing that is conducive to chip removal. This mechanical processing method can effectively reduce the manufacturing cost and difficulty of the tool, and can efficiently and stably process parts of such structures. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a method for mechanically processing intermittent small-diameter deep holes. An aluminum alloy transition pin with interference fit is arranged at the intermittent structure of the seat body, and a step drill is cleverly combined with an NC program to provide an efficient and reliable processing method for processing intermittent small-diameter deep holes. The processing method has strong versatility and stable processing, which greatly improves the qualified rate, improves production efficiency and improves the surface quality of parts.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A method for machining intermittent small-diameter deep holes, comprising the following steps: Step S1. Provide a seat body, wherein an aluminum alloy transition pin with interference fit is provided at the discontinuous structure of the seat body; Step S2. providing a milling cutter, a first inner cool coating drill and a second inner cool coating drill, and mounting the milling cutter, the first inner cool coating drill and the second inner cool coating drill on a tool holder; Step S3. Calibrate the tools and install the calibrated tools one by one on the machine tool spindle; Step S4. Use a milling cutter to machine a guide hole with a depth of 5 mm at the position corresponding to the aluminum alloy transition pin on the seat body, and then use a first inner cold coating drill to extend the guide hole in the length direction of the seat body to machine a first deep hole with a depth of 52 mm and a diameter of 2.4 mm; Step S5. The aluminum alloy transition pin disposed on the seat body is removed by machining on a machine tool; Step S6. Use the second internally cooled coated drill and pecking drill to drill a second deep hole with a depth of 103.12 mm and a diameter of 2.4 mm at the position corresponding to the first deep hole along the length direction of the seat body. Then use a gauge on the machine tool to detect the diameter and depth of the second deep hole, and obtain the finished product after passing the test.

[0005] Preferably, in the machining method for solving intermittent small-diameter deep holes, in step S1, a blind hole cooperating with an aluminum alloy transition pin is provided at the intermittent structure of the seat body, and the interference fit between the aluminum alloy transition pin and the intermittent structure of the seat body is 0.01-0.02 mm.

[0006] Preferably, in the machining method for solving intermittent small-diameter deep holes, the diameter of the milling cutter in step S2 is Φ1.5 mm.

[0007] Preferably, in the machining method for solving intermittent small-diameter deep holes, the first internal cold-coated drill bit in step S2 comprises a first drill bit shank and a first drill bit body arranged at one end of the first drill bit shank, the outer diameter of the first drill bit body of the first internal cold-coated drill bit is Φ2.4 mm, and the length is 55 mm, the outer diameter of the first drill bit shank is Φ4 mm, and the total length of the first internal cold-coated drill bit is 85 mm.

[0008] Preferably, in the mechanical processing method for solving intermittent small-diameter deep holes, the second internal cool-coated drill bit in step S2 comprises a second drill shank, a gap-avoiding portion and a second drill body, the second drill shank and the second drill body are arranged on both sides of the gap-avoiding portion, the outer diameter of the second drill body is Φ2.4mm, and the length is 104mm, the outer diameter of the second drill shank is Φ4mm, the total length of the second internal cool-coated drill bit is 140mm, and the outer diameter of the gap-avoiding portion is Φ2.3mm.

[0009] Preferably, in the machining method for solving intermittent small-diameter deep holes, an internal cooling hole is provided in the middle of the second internal cooling coating drill bit along the length direction.

[0010] Preferably, in the machining method for solving the problem of intermittent small-diameter deep holes, the spindle speed of the pecking drill in step S6 is 1500-4000 r / min, the feed rate is 0.05-0.15 mm, and the pecking depth each time is 1-2 mm.

[0011] Advantages of the present invention: (1) The present invention solves the problem of machining intermittent small-diameter deep holes by setting an aluminum alloy transition pin with interference fit at the intermittent structure of the seat body, then machining a guide hole with a milling cutter, and then machining a first deep hole by extending the guide hole in the length direction of the seat body with a first internally cooled coated drill, and machining a second deep hole by extending the second internally cooled coated drill and pecking drill at a position corresponding to the first deep hole along the length direction of the seat body, thereby solving the problem of machining intermittent small-diameter deep holes. The machining method is efficient and reliable, has strong versatility, and is stable in machining, which greatly improves the qualified rate, production efficiency, and surface quality of parts.

[0012] (2) The present invention solves the problem of intermittent small-diameter deep hole machining. The parts have intermittent structures. Since the parts are thin and long, the tool breakage problem is easy to occur. The problem of tool breakage is avoided by setting an aluminum alloy transition pin.

[0013] (3) The present invention solves the problem of machining intermittent small-diameter deep holes. The air-avoiding portion in the second internal cooling coating drill bit effectively increases the rigidity of the tool and greatly reduces the difficulty of tool manufacturing. Such a tool is more rigid than a gun drill and an ordinary integrated drill bit, the tool life will be greatly improved, and the surface quality of the parts will be greatly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of processing the guide hole and the first deep hole on the seat body of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of machining a second deep hole on the seat body of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first internal cooling coating drill bit of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the second internal cooling coating drill bit of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure in the A direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0020] Example like Figure 1-5 , a machining method for solving intermittent small diameter deep holes, comprising the following steps: Step S1. Provide a seat body 1, wherein an aluminum alloy transition pin 2 with interference fit is provided at the discontinuous structure of the seat body 1, and a blind hole matched with the aluminum alloy transition pin 2 is provided at the discontinuous structure of the seat body 1, and the interference fit amount between the aluminum alloy transition pin 2 and the discontinuous structure of the seat body 1 is 0.01-0.02mm; Step S2. Provide a milling cutter, a first inner cool coating drill bit 3 and a second inner cool coating drill bit 4, and install the milling cutter, the first inner cool coating drill bit 3 and the second inner cool coating drill bit 4 on a tool handle, wherein the diameter of the milling cutter is Φ1.5 mm; The first internal cold coating drill bit 3 comprises a first drill shank 31 and a first drill body 32 arranged at one end of the first drill shank 31, the first drill body 32 of the first internal cold coating drill bit 3 has an outer diameter of Φ2.4 mm and a length of 55 mm, the outer diameter of the first drill shank 31 is Φ4 mm, and the total length of the first internal cold coating drill bit 3 is 85 mm; the second internal cold coating drill bit 4 comprises a second drill shank 41, a clearance portion 42 and a second drill body 43, the second drill shank 41 and the second drill body 43 are arranged on both sides of the clearance portion 42, the outer diameter of the second drill body 43 is Φ2.4 mm and the length is 104 mm, the outer diameter of the second drill shank 43 is Φ4 mm, the total length of the second internal cold coating drill bit 4 is 140 mm, and the outer diameter of the clearance portion 42 is Φ2.3 mm; an internal cold hole 44 is arranged in the middle of the second internal cold coating drill bit 4 along the length direction; Step S3. Calibrate the tools and install the calibrated tools one by one on the machine tool spindle; Step S4. The position of the aluminum alloy transition pin 2 on the seat body 1 is processed by a milling cutter to form a guide hole 5 with a depth of 5 mm, and then a first deep hole 6 with a depth of 52 mm and a diameter of 2.4 mm is processed by a first inner cold coating drill 3 along the guide hole 5 in the length direction of the seat body 1; Step S5. The aluminum alloy transition pin disposed on the base body 1 is removed by machining on a machine tool; Step S6. Use the second internal cool-coated drill 4 and the pecking drill to extend the seat body 1 at the position corresponding to the first deep hole 6 along the length direction of the seat body 1 to make a second deep hole 7 with a depth of 103.12 mm and a diameter of 2.4 mm. The spindle speed of the pecking drill is 1500-4000 r / min, the feed rate is 0.05-0.15 mm, and the pecking depth is 1-2 mm each time. Then, a gauge is used on the machine tool to detect the diameter and depth of the second deep hole 7, and the finished product is obtained after passing the inspection.

[0021] The present invention can solve the problem of tool breakage caused by intermittent processing by adding an aluminum alloy transition pin; a first deep hole 4 with a depth of 52 mm is processed by a first internally cooled coated drill bit 3 with a diameter of 2.4 mm and a length of 55 mm, and a hole of this depth can also provide a good tool guiding effect for a second deep hole 5 processed in sections; the air avoidance portion 42 in the second internally cooled coated drill bit 4 effectively increases the tool rigidity and greatly reduces the difficulty of tool manufacturing. Such a tool is more rigid than a gun drill and an ordinary integrated drill bit, the tool life can be greatly improved, and the surface quality of the parts can be greatly improved.

[0022] Finally, it should be noted that the above specific implementation methods are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanical processing method for solving intermittent small-diameter deep holes, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1. providing a seat body (1), wherein an aluminum alloy transition pin (2) with an interference fit is arranged at the discontinuous structure of the seat body (1); Step S2. providing a milling cutter, a first internally cool coated drill bit (3) and a second internally cool coated drill bit (4), and mounting the milling cutter, the first internally cool coated drill bit (3) and the second internally cool coated drill bit (4) on a tool holder; Step S3. Calibrate the tools and install the calibrated tools one by one on the machine tool spindle; Step S4. A guide hole (5) with a depth of 5 mm is machined at the position of the seat body (1) corresponding to the aluminum alloy transition pin (2) by a milling cutter, and then a first deep hole (6) with a depth of 52 mm and a diameter of 2.4 mm is machined along the guide hole (5) in the length direction of the seat body (1) by a first internally cooled coated drill bit (3); Step S5. The aluminum alloy transition pin disposed on the seat body (1) is removed by machining on a machine tool; Step S6. The seat body (1) is drilled with a second internally cooled coated drill bit (4) and a pecking drill at a position corresponding to the first deep hole (4) to form a second deep hole (7) with a depth of 103.12 mm and a diameter of 2.4 mm along the length direction of the seat body (1). Then, a gauge is used on a machine tool to detect the diameter and depth of the second deep hole (7). After the second deep hole (7) is found to be qualified, a finished product is obtained.

2. The machining method for solving intermittent small-diameter deep holes according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S1, a blind hole that cooperates with the aluminum alloy transition pin (2) is provided at the discontinuous structure of the seat body (1), and the interference fit amount between the aluminum alloy transition pin (2) and the discontinuous structure of the seat body (1) is 0.01-0.02 mm.

3. The machining method for solving intermittent small-diameter deep holes according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The diameter of the milling cutter in step S2 is Φ1.5 mm.

4. The machining method for solving intermittent small-diameter deep holes according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S2, the first internally cool coated drill bit (3) comprises a first drill bit shank (31) and a first drill bit body (32) arranged at one end of the first drill bit shank (31); the first drill bit body (32) of the first internally cool coated drill bit (3) has an outer diameter of Φ2.4 mm and a length of 55 mm; the outer diameter of the first drill bit shank (31) is Φ4 mm; and the total length of the first internally cool coated drill bit (3) is 85 mm.

5. The machining method for solving intermittent small-diameter deep holes according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S2, the second internally cooled coated drill bit (4) comprises a second drill bit shank (41), a clearance portion (42) and a second drill bit body (43), the clearance portion (42) being provided with a second drill bit shank (41) and a second drill bit body (43) on both sides, the second drill bit body (43) having an outer diameter of Φ2.4 mm and a length of 104 mm, the outer diameter of the second drill bit shank (43) being Φ4 mm, the total length of the second internally cooled coated drill bit (4) being 140 mm, and the outer diameter of the clearance portion (42) being Φ2.3 mm.

6. The machining method for solving intermittent small-diameter deep holes according to claim 5 is characterized in that: An internal cooling hole (44) is arranged in the middle of the second internal cooling coating drill bit (4) along the length direction.

7. The machining method for solving intermittent small-diameter deep holes according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S6, the spindle speed of the pecking drill is 1500-4000 r / min, the feed rate is 0.05-0.15 mm, and the pecking drill depth is 1-2 mm each time.

Images