Magnetomotive wire shearing device for continuous fiber wires

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of continuous fiber composite material additive manufacturing, and discloses a continuous fiber wire magnetomotive wire shearing device which comprises a wire feeding module, a wire shearing module and a heating module. In order to solve the problems of low printing efficiency and poor wire fracture quality caused by slow response of a wire shearing device in the cutting process of continuous fiber wires, a miniaturized and compact magnetic wire shearing device is designed, and a wire shearing mechanism which adsorbs and separates an iron sheet by controlling power on and power off of an electromagnet and further drives a blade to perform rotary shearing is designed. Compared with a traditional steering engine wire shearing device, the device is higher in response speed and wire shearing efficiency; by calculating the wire diameter of the tension spring and the distance between the iron block and the electromagnet, the problem that the fracture deformation of the fiber is large in the cutting process is solved. Through cooperative work of the miniaturized electromagnetic wire shearing module, the wire feeding module and the heating module, high-efficiency wire shearing is achieved, meanwhile, fiber fracture deformation is remarkably improved, and the continuous fiber printing speed is further promoted to be increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of 3D printing of continuous fiber composite materials, and in particular to a magnetic shearing device for continuous fiber filaments. Background Art

[0002] Continuous fiber composite 3D printing has the advantages of strong designability and no need for mold manufacturing. In recent years, it has been used in medical devices, sporting goods and other fields. Continuous fiber composite 3D technology uses a layer-by-layer stacking method to discretize complex parts into multiple two-dimensional feature planes containing geometric information, and forms printing paths in different planes according to the geometric features in each plane. However, in the same plane, the path often has breakpoints due to the limitations of the geometric features of the components, so the end of the continuous fiber printing needs to have a wire cutting module to cut the fiber filaments. In addition, excessive deformation of the fiber filaments during the cutting process will also cause the fiber filaments to be stuck in the catheter, thereby affecting the wire feeding module, so the wire cutting module cannot produce excessive deformation when cutting the fiber filaments. Therefore, in order to achieve rapid printing of complex samples of continuous fiber composite materials, it is necessary to develop a continuous fiber filament cutting device that can quickly cut the filaments and has small fracture deformation.

[0003] In response to the demand for wire cutting function in the 3D printing path jump of continuous fiber composite materials, CN117067582A proposes a print head structure for continuous fiber prepreg wire, which uses an electric hydraulic cylinder to drive a wire cutter to cut the prepreg wire. Although the patent realizes the cutting of continuous fiber filaments, the reaction time of cutting the fiber filaments by the forward and backward movement of the hydraulic cylinder is relatively long, which greatly reduces the speed of 3D printing path jump; in response to the demand for wire cutting speed and fiber filament fracture deformation in the 3D printing path jump of continuous fiber composite materials, CN109016497A proposes a fiber filament cutting device for a continuous fiber reinforced composite material 3D printer, which uses a servo motor to drive a four-link and then drive a blade to rotate and cut the fiber filament. Compared with the wire cutting driven by the hydraulic cylinder, the wire cutting speed of this method has been significantly improved. At the same time, during the wire cutting process, the upper and lower clamping mechanisms of the device will clamp the fiber filaments, thereby reducing the deformation of the fiber filaments when they are cut. However, its wire cutting process is relatively complicated, and the additional clamping mechanism also increases the risk of interference between the printing end and the printed sample, significantly reducing the flexibility of the printing process. Therefore, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the requirements of the fiber path rapid jump on the wire cutting speed and the wire feeding requirements on the fiber filament fracture deformation, and develop a continuous fiber filament magnetic wire cutting device that can quickly cut, has a simple process, and has small fracture deformation, so as to realize the rapid prototyping of complex samples of continuous fiber composite materials. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention designs a wire cutting mechanism that controls the on and off of the electromagnet to absorb and detach the iron sheet and then drive the blade to perform rotary shearing. Compared with the traditional motor-driven blade shearing, this method has a larger torque, which improves the situation in which the fiber wire cannot be cut due to insufficient torque in the traditional wire cutting mode. In addition, two sections of capillary tubes are introduced into the wire cutting module, and the size of the reverse restraining force on the wire is adjusted by controlling the distance between the capillary tubes, thereby achieving the effect of suppressing the deformation of the wire during the shearing process, reducing the deformation of the wire fracture, and significantly improving the wire cutting quality.

[0005] The technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a continuous fiber wire magnetic shearing device, comprising a wire feeding module A, a wire cutting module B and a heating module C; the wire feeding module A mainly realizes the active feeding of the continuous fiber wire; the wire cutting module B drives the blade to cut the fiber wire by the switch of the electromagnet, while increasing the wire cutting speed and ensuring that the fracture shape of the fiber wire becomes smaller; the heating module C realizes the melting and extrusion of the fiber wire; the fiber wire is fed to the heating module C through the wire feeding module A, and the wire cutting module B is between the wire feeding module A and the heating module C to cut the fiber wire;

[0006] The wire cutting module B includes a magnet mounting seat B1, a knife seat B2, a flange bearing B3, a blade B4, a third guide tube B5, a limit block B6, an electromagnet B7, an iron block B8, a tension spring B9 and a third pressure block B10; the magnet mounting seat B1 is connected to the base A2 from one side of the base A2; the knife seat B2 is fixed to the base A2 from the other side of the base A2 through the flange bearing B3; the blade B4 is fixed to the knife seat B2 to ensure that it moves synchronously with the knife seat B2; the iron block B8 is connected to the knife seat B2; the electromagnet B7 is fixed to the magnet mounting seat B1; the electromagnet B7 is in relative contact or separation with the iron block B8; the limit block B6 is fixed to the base A2 to limit the distance that the iron block B8 rotates away from the electromagnet B7; one end of the tension spring B9 is connected to the knife seat B2, and the other end is connected to the lower slide A4; the third guide tube B5 is installed on the base A2 and fixed by the third pressure block B10.

[0007] The wire feeding module A comprises a stepper motor A1, a base A2, an upper slideway A3, a lower slideway A4, a side plate A5, a rubber wheel A6, a driven wheel base A7, a driven wheel shaft A8, a metal wheel A9, a retaining spring A10, a thrust shaft A11, a fixing ring A12, a first pressure block A13, a second pressure block A14, a first guide tube A15 and a second guide tube A16; the base A2 is fixed on the stepper motor A1; the rubber wheel A6 is fixed on the output shaft of the stepper motor A1; the upper slideway A3 and the lower slideway A4 are fastened to the base A2, and the two ends of the side plate A5 are respectively connected to the ends of the upper slideway A3 and the lower slideway A4; both sides of the driven wheel base A7 are connected to the upper slideway A3 and the lower slide track A4; the metal wheel A9 is installed on the driven wheel base A7 through the driven wheel shaft A8 and fixed by the retaining spring A10; the thrust shaft A11 passes through the side plate A5 and is connected to the driven wheel base A7 through the fixing ring A12; when the thrust shaft A11 rotates and moves, the fixing ring A12 drives the driven wheel base A7 to move; the first conduit A15 and the second conduit A16 are placed on the base A2, the two are located in the same vertical line, and are fixed by the first pressing block A13 and the second pressing block A14 to prevent the conduit from shaking, and the fiber filament passes through the first conduit A15, the gap between the metal wheel and the rubber wheel, and the second conduit A16 from the top in sequence.

[0008] The heating module C includes a fan C1, a fan connecting frame C2, a throat C3, a heating rod C4, a heating block C5, a thermocouple C6, a quick-change joint C7, a radiator C8, a first Teflon tube C9, a second Teflon tube C10, a third Teflon tube C11 and a nozzle C12; the radiator C8 is fixed on the base A2, and the fan C1 is fixed on the radiator C8 through the fan connecting frame C2 to cool the radiator C8; the quick-change joint C7 is connected to the radiator C8, and the radiator C8 is cooled by air. Connected to one end of the radiator C8; the other end of the radiator C8 is connected to the throat C3, the heating block C5, and the nozzle C12 in sequence; the first Teflon tube C9 is connected to the quick-change connector C7; one end of the second Teflon tube C10 is connected to the first Teflon tube C9, and the other end is connected to the nozzle C12; the third Teflon tube C11 is sleeved on the outside of the first Teflon tube C9 and the second Teflon tube C10; the heating rod C4 and the thermocouple C6 are inserted into the corresponding holes of the heating block C5.

[0009] The distance between the metal wheel A9 and the rubber wheel A6 in the wire feeding module A is adjusted by the thrust shaft A11 to ensure stable wire feeding without damaging the performance of the prepreg wire, wherein the diameter D of the prepreg wire and the distance L1 between the metal wheel and the rubber wheel satisfy 0.7D≤L1≤0.9D.

[0010] The distance between the second conduit A16 in the wire feeding module A and the third conduit B5 in the wire cutting module B needs to ensure that during the cutting process of the fiber filaments, the second conduit A16 and the third conduit B5 support the fiber filaments to avoid shear slippage of the fiber filaments, and the distance L2 between the two and the diameter D of the prepreg wire satisfy D≤L2≤5D.

[0011] The blade B4 in the wire cutting module B rotates and cuts the fiber wire by adsorbing the iron block B8 through the electromagnet B7, and the adsorption mass of the electromagnet B7 is greater than 35kg; the distance L3 between the surface of the iron block B8 and the surface of the electromagnet B7 satisfies 1mm≤L3≤3mm.

[0012] The tension spring B9 in the wire cutting module B ensures that the electromagnet B7 pulls the iron block B8 away from the surface of the electromagnet B7 when the power is off. At the same time, the force of the tension spring B9 cannot affect the attraction of the electromagnet B7 to the iron block B8, so the wire diameter of the tension spring B9 needs to satisfy 0.4mm≤d≤0.6mm.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the continuous fiber filament magnetic wire cutting device proposed in the present invention improves the problems of low wire cutting efficiency and excessive fracture deformation of continuous fiber prepreg when printing complex samples. Rapid wire cutting is achieved through the coordination of power on and off of the electromagnet and the tension spring, while the volume of the wire cutting module is greatly reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a continuous fiber wire magnetic shearing device of the present invention, which is suitable for printing and shearing continuous fiber wires;

[0015] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the wire feeding module, which is suitable for feeding continuous fiber wires;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a front view of the wire feeding module structure;

[0017] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a wire cutting module, which is suitable for cutting continuous fiber wires;

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the wire cutting module from another perspective;

[0019] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a heating module suitable for melting continuous fiber filaments;

[0020] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the heating module from another perspective.

[0021] In the figure: A-wire feeding module, A1-stepping motor, A2-base, A3-upper slide, A4-lower slide, A5-side plate, A6-rubber wheel, A7-driven wheel base, A8-driven wheel shaft, A9-metal wheel, A10-circlip, A11-thrust shaft, A12-fixing ring, A13-first pressure block, A14-second pressure block, A15-first guide tube, A16-second guide tube, B-wire cutting module, B1-magnet mounting seat, B2-knife seat, B3 -flange bearing, B4-blade, B5-third guide tube, B6-limit block, B7-electromagnet, B8-iron block, B9-tension spring, B10-third pressure block, C-heating module, C1-fan, C2-fan connecting frame, C3-throat, C4-heating rod, C5-heating block, C6-thermocouple, C7-quick-change connector, C8-radiator, C9-first Teflon tube, C10-second Teflon tube, C11-third Teflon tube, C12-nozzle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and technical solutions.

[0023] The present invention provides a continuous fiber wire magnetic shearing device, such as Figure 1 As shown, the continuous fiber filament is actively fed by the wire feeding module and then passes through the wire cutting module, and the filament is cut by the wire cutting module when the path jumps.

[0024] A continuous fiber filament magnetic shearing device comprises a wire feeding module, a wire cutting module and a heating module; the wire feeding module mainly realizes the active feeding of the continuous fiber filament, the wire cutting module drives the blade to cut the fiber filament by the switch of the electromagnet, and can ensure that the fracture shape of the fiber filament becomes smaller while increasing the wire cutting speed, and the heating module realizes the melting and extrusion of the fiber filament.

[0025] The wire feeding module includes a stepper motor A1, a base A2, an upper slideway A3, a lower slideway A4, a side plate A5, a rubber wheel A6, a driven wheel base A7, a driven wheel shaft A8, a metal wheel A9, a retaining spring A10, a thrust shaft A11, a fixing ring A12, a first pressure block A13, a second pressure block A14, a first guide tube A15 and a second guide tube A16; the base A2 is fixed to the stepper motor A1 by screws, the rubber wheel A6 is fixed to the output shaft of the stepper motor A1 by a top screw, and the upper slide is fixed to the output shaft of the stepper motor A1 by a top screw. The upper slideway A3 and the lower slideway A4 are fastened to the base A2 by screws, the side plate A5 is connected to both ends of the upper slideway A3 and the lower slideway A4 by two screws, the driven wheel shaft A8 is connected to the side plate by threads, the driven wheel base A7 is connected to the driven wheel shaft A8, and a fixing ring A12 is fixed on the left side of the driven wheel shaft A8, the first conduit A15 and the second conduit A16 are placed on the base A2 for passing the prepreg, and are fixed by the first pressing block A13 and the second pressing block A14 to prevent the conduit from shaking;

[0026] The wire cutting module includes a magnet mounting seat B1, a knife seat B2, a flange bearing B3, a blade B4, a third guide tube B5, a limit block B6, an electromagnet B7, an iron block B8, a tension spring B9, and a third pressure block B10; the magnet mounting seat B1 is connected to the base A2 by screws, the knife seat B2 is fixed to the base A2 by plug screws and the flange bearing B3, the electromagnet B7 is fixed to the magnet mounting seat B1, the iron block B8 is connected to the knife seat B2 by screws, the limit block B6 is fixed to the base A2 to limit the rotational movement of the iron block B8, and one side of the tension spring B9 is connected to the knife seat B2, and the other side is connected to the lower slide A4;

[0027] The heating module includes a fan C1, a fan connecting frame C2, a throat C3, a heating rod C4, a heating block C5, a thermocouple C6, a quick-change joint C7, a radiator C8, a first Teflon tube C9, a second Teflon tube C10, a third Teflon tube C11 and a nozzle C12; the radiator C8 is fixed to the base A2 by two screws, the fan connecting frame C2 is fixed to the radiator C8, the fan C1 is fixed to the fan connecting frame C2 by screws to cool the radiator C8, and the quick-change joint C7 is connected to the base A2 by threads. Above the radiator C8, the first Teflon tube C9 is connected to the quick-change connector C7, one side of the second Teflon tube C10 is connected to the first Teflon tube C9, and the other side is connected to the nozzle C12, the third Teflon tube C11 is wrapped around the outside of the first Teflon tube C9 and the second Teflon tube C10, one side of the throat C3 is connected to the heating block C5, and the other side is connected to the radiator C8 and fixed to the radiator C8 with a top screw, the nozzle C3 is screwed on the heating block C5 by threads, and the heating rod C4 and the thermocouple C6 are inserted into the corresponding holes of the heating block C5;

[0028] The distance between the metal wheel and the rubber wheel in the wire feeding module is adjustable, and the wire feeding is stable without damaging the performance of the prepreg wire. The diameter D of the prepreg wire and the distance L1 between the metal wheel and the rubber wheel need to satisfy 0.7D≤L1≤0.9D.

[0029] The distance between the second conduit A16 in the wire feeding module and the third conduit B5 in the wire cutting module cannot be too large, so as to ensure that the two conduits can provide good support to the fiber filaments during the cutting process to avoid shear slippage of the fiber filaments. The distance L2 between the two conduits and the diameter D of the prepreg wire need to satisfy D≤L2≤5D.

[0030] The blade in the wire cutting module rotates and cuts the fiber by adsorbing the iron block with the electromagnet. To ensure that the fiber can be cut at one time, the adsorption mass of the electromagnet needs to be greater than 35kg. In addition, to ensure that the iron block is quickly attracted and generates a large shear force, the distance L3 between the surface of the iron block and the surface of the electromagnet needs to meet the following requirements: 1MM≤L3≤3mm.

[0031] The tension spring in the wire cutting module can ensure that the electromagnet pulls the iron block away from the surface of the electromagnet when the power is off. At the same time, the force of the tension spring cannot be too large to affect the attraction of the electromagnet to the iron block. Therefore, the wire diameter d of the tension spring needs to satisfy 0.4mm≤d≤0.6mm.

[0032] The continuous fiber filament passes through the first duct A15 and the second duct A16, and the part between the first duct A15 and the second duct A16 is exposed. The thrust shaft A11 is rotated by an Allen wrench to adjust the distance between the metal wheel and the rubber wheel. After the condition of 0.7D≤L1≤0.9D is met, the stepper motor A1 is started, and the prepreg passes through the wire cutting module B and the heating module C under the friction between the rubber wheel and the metal wheel.

[0033] During the printing process, the electromagnet B7 is not energized, the iron block B8 is not attracted, and the wire cutting does not occur at this time. When the path needs to jump, the electromagnet B7 switch is turned on, and the electromagnet B7 is energized to attract the iron block B8 instantly, and the iron block B8 drives the knife seat B2 and the blade B4 to rotate and cut the prepreg wire. After cutting, the electromagnet B7 switch is turned off, and the iron block B8 is pulled away from the electromagnet B7 by the tension spring, and the limit block B6 is used to ensure that the distance from the iron block B8 to the electromagnet B7 is within the range of rapid attraction.

[0034] The entire heating module is fixed on the base A2 by two screws. The continuous fiber prepreg passes through the first Teflon tube C9 and the second Teflon tube C10 and is extruded by the nozzle C12, and the print head moves in the path direction.

[0035] The present invention provides a continuous fiber filament magnetic shearing device, in which the shearing force of the shearing module is provided by an electromagnet, thereby finally achieving fast and high-quality shearing of continuous fiber composite materials when printing complex samples, and significantly improving the work efficiency when printing complex samples.

Claims

1. A continuous fiber magnetic shearing device, characterized in that: The continuous fiber filament magnetic shearing device comprises a wire feeding module (A), a wire cutting module (B) and a heating module (C); the wire feeding module (A) mainly realizes the active feeding of the continuous fiber filament; the wire cutting module (B) drives the blade to cut the fiber filament by the switch of the electromagnet, thereby increasing the wire cutting speed and ensuring that the fracture shape of the fiber filament becomes smaller; the heating module (C) realizes the melting and extrusion of the fiber filament; the fiber filament is fed to the heating module (C) through the wire feeding module (A), and the wire cutting module (B) is between the wire feeding module (A) and the heating module (C) to cut the fiber filament; The wire cutting module (B) comprises a magnet mounting seat (B1), a knife seat (B2), a flange bearing (B3), a knife blade (B4), a third guide tube (B5), a limit block (B6), an electromagnet (B7), an iron block (B8), a tension spring (B9) and a third pressing block (B10); The magnet mounting seat (B1) is connected to the base (A2) from one side of the base (A2); the knife seat (B2) is fixed to the base (A2) from the other side of the base (A2) through a flange bearing (B3); the blade (B4) is fixed to the knife seat (B2) to ensure that it moves synchronously with the knife seat (B2); the iron block (B8) is connected to the knife seat (B2); the electromagnet (B7) is fixed to the magnet mounting seat (B1); the electromagnet (B7) and the iron block (B8) are in relative contact or separation; the limit block (B6) is fixed to the base (A2) to limit the distance that the iron block (B8) rotates away from the electromagnet (B7); one end of the tension spring (B9) is connected to the knife seat (B2), and the other end is connected to the lower slide (A4); the third guide tube (B5) is installed on the base (A2) and fixed by a third pressing block (B10).

2. The continuous fiber filament magnetic shearing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wire feeding module (A) comprises a stepping motor (A1), a base (A2), an upper slideway (A3), a lower slideway (A4), a side plate (A5), a rubber wheel (A6), a driven wheel base (A7), a driven wheel shaft (A8), a metal wheel (A9), a retaining spring (A10), a thrust shaft (A11), a fixing ring (A12), a first pressing block (A13), a second pressing block (A14), a first guide tube (A15) and a second guide tube (A16); the base (A2) is fixed on the stepping motor (A1); the rubber wheel (A6) is fixed on the output shaft of the stepping motor (A1); the upper slideway (A3) and the lower slideway (A4) are fastened to the base (A2); the two ends of the side plate (A5) are respectively connected to the ends of the upper slideway (A3) and the lower slideway (A4); the driven wheel base (A 7) slides on both sides in the upper slideway (A3) and the lower slideway (A4); the metal wheel (A9) is installed on the driven wheel base (A7) through the driven wheel shaft (A8) and fixed by the retaining ring (A10); the thrust shaft (A11) passes through the side plate (A5) and is connected to the driven wheel base (A7) through the fixing ring (A12); when the thrust shaft (A11) rotates and moves, the fixing ring (A12) drives the driven wheel base (A7) to move; the first conduit (A15) and the second conduit (A16) are placed on the base (A2), the two are located in the same vertical line, and are fixed by the first pressing block (A13) and the second pressing block (A14) to prevent the conduits from shaking; the fiber filaments pass through the first conduit (A15), the gap between the metal wheel and the rubber wheel, and the second conduit (A16) from the top in sequence.

3. The continuous fiber filament magnetic shearing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating module (C) comprises a fan (C1), a fan connecting frame (C2), a throat (C3), a heating rod (C4), a heating block (C5), a thermocouple (C6), a quick-change joint (C7), a radiator (C8), a first Teflon tube (C9), a second Teflon tube (C10), a third Teflon tube (C11) and a nozzle (C12); the radiator (C8) is fixed on the base (A2), the fan (C1) is fixed on the radiator (C8) through the fan connecting frame (C2), and is used to perform air cooling on the radiator (C8); the quick-change joint (C7) C7) is connected to one end of the radiator (C8); the other end of the radiator (C8) is connected to the throat (C3), the heating block (C5), and the nozzle (C12) in sequence; the first Teflon tube (C9) is connected to the quick-change connector (C7); one end of the second Teflon tube (C10) is connected to the first Teflon tube (C9), and the other end is connected to the nozzle (C12); the third Teflon tube (C11) is sleeved on the outside of the first Teflon tube (C9) and the second Teflon tube (C10); the heating rod (C4) and the thermocouple (C6) are inserted into the corresponding holes of the heating block (C5).

4. A continuous fiber magnetic shearing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The distance between the metal wheel (A9) and the rubber wheel (A6) in the wire feeding module (A) is adjusted by the thrust shaft (A11), so that the wire feeding is stable without damaging the performance of the prepreg wire, wherein the diameter D of the prepreg wire and the distance L1 between the metal wheel and the rubber wheel satisfy 0.7D≤L1≤0.9D.

5. A continuous fiber magnetic shearing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The distance between the second conduit (A16) in the wire feeding module (A) and the third conduit (B5) in the wire cutting module (B) needs to ensure that during the cutting process of the fiber filaments, the second conduit (A16) and the third conduit (B5) support the fiber filaments to avoid shear slippage of the fiber filaments, and the distance L2 between the two and the diameter D of the prepreg wire satisfy D≤L2≤5D.

6. A continuous fiber magnetic shearing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The blade (B4) in the wire cutting module (B) rotates and cuts the fiber wire by adsorbing the iron block (B8) through the electromagnet (B7), and the adsorption mass of the electromagnet (B7) is greater than 35kg; the distance L3 between the surface of the iron block (B8) and the surface of the electromagnet (B7) satisfies 1mm≤L3≤3mm.

7. A continuous fiber magnetic shearing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The tension spring (B9) in the wire cutting module (B) ensures that the electromagnet (B7) pulls the iron block (B8) away from the surface of the electromagnet (B7) when the power is off. At the same time, the force of the tension spring (B9) cannot affect the attraction force of the electromagnet (B7) on the iron block (B8). Therefore, the wire diameter of the tension spring (B9) needs to satisfy 0.4mm≤d≤0.6mm.

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