Canine-tooth barb type umbrella-shaped three-dimensional freezing pipe

Abstract

The canine tooth barb type umbrella-shaped three-dimensional freezing pipe is characterized in that at least one stretching wall ring surrounds the outer arm face of the freezing pipe, the stretching wall ring comprises a plurality of stretching walls, the end of the same side of each stretching wall is hinged to the outer arm face of the freezing pipe in the advancing direction of the freezing pipe, and the end of the other side of each stretching wall is of a canine tooth barb type structure; the freezing pipe is dragged in the reverse advancing direction, the soil body enters the space between the canine tooth barb type structure and the freezing pipe, the stretching wall is opened around the hinged end in different directions under the counter-acting force of the soil body, and an umbrella-shaped three-dimensional structure with the freezing pipe as the center is formed in the soil body. And cold energy in the freezing pipe is conducted into the surrounding soil body in multiple directions through the multiple extending walls for three-dimensional freezing. The method has the advantages that efficient three-dimensional freezing is realized, and the freezing efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of frozen soil curtains, and in particular to a canine-tooth barb-type umbrella-shaped three-dimensional freezing pipe. Background Art

[0002] First explain the following technical terms in the technical field of the present invention: Artificial ground freezing method: Based on the relatively uniform temperature transmission characteristic of soil, a certain artificial refrigeration method is used to cool down the water in the rock and soil and freeze it, forming a frozen soil curtain with absolute water-blocking performance and high strength, thereby avoiding the risks that may be caused by groundwater hazards during construction.

[0003] Requirements for the properties of frozen soil curtains: Since some strata not only have self-weight pressure but are also water-rich, in consideration of construction safety, when using artificial freezing methods, the frozen soil must reach certain temperature and thickness requirements to close the seepage water channel and resist the stratum pressure. That is, the soil body for the frozen soil curtain must reach a certain curtain thickness and average temperature.

[0004] Following the pipe: Underground soil has a certain degree of compaction under the action of gravity for many years. If no measures are taken, it is very easy to cause a hole to collapse when drilling in the soil. If a hole is formed, it will be squeezed in by the surrounding soil. A casing with the same diameter is arranged behind the drill bit, and it is drilled synchronously with the drill bit to avoid the hole collapse problem. This technology is called following the pipe technology.

[0005] Linear freezing pipe: To avoid the collapse effect of soil holes, the following pipe technology must be used, and the following pipe technology forms a linear hole, so the freezing pipe inserted into the following pipe later must be linear. Therefore, all current research and applications of artificial ground freezing methods are based on linear freezing pipes. Since there are no other forms or shapes of freezing pipes, linear freezing pipes are simply called freezing pipes.

[0006] One-dimensional freezing: Since the current freezing methods all use linear freezing pipes, when the linear freezing pipes are inserted into the three-dimensional soil, any point in the three-dimensional frozen soil curtain actually only receives cold energy from one direction. Therefore, the current research and application of freezing methods are all one-dimensional freezing in one direction.

[0007] Thermal conductivity: Thermal conductivity refers to the amount of heat transferred through an area of ​​1 square meter under stable heat transfer conditions when the temperature difference between the two surfaces of a 1m thick material is 1 degree (K, ℃) within a certain period of time. The unit is watt / meter·degree (W / (m·K), K here can be replaced by ℃), which is the material's ability to conduct heat.

[0008] Thermal conductivity of common solids at room temperature: soil - about 1.5, water - 0.6, iron - about 48, steel - about 45, aluminum - about 230, copper - about 377, silver - 412. The units of the above numbers are all W / m·K.

[0009] Equivalent thermal conductivity of the liquid refrigerant circulating in the freezing pipe: In general, the thermal conductivity of gas is smaller than that of liquid, and that of liquid is smaller than that of solid. However, when the liquid is in a flowing state, the equivalent thermal conductivity is related to the flow rate. Engineering practice shows that the equivalent thermal conductivity of the liquid refrigerant circulating in the freezing pipe can be considered to be infinite. That is, when the liquid refrigerant circulates in the freezing pipe, the temperature at all positions of the freezing pipe is the same as the temperature at the cold source supply end.

[0010] Groundwater damage in adverse geological environments is one of the biggest risks to construction safety. Conventional processes inevitably have areas where the effect is not good. For example, the grouting method is not dense and there are seepage channels, which may cause major engineering accidents such as the destruction of a thousand-mile embankment by an ant hole. Artificial refrigeration is used to freeze the water in the soil, forming a frozen soil curtain with absolute water blocking performance and high strength, avoiding the risks that may be caused by groundwater damage during construction.

[0011] Underground soil has a certain degree of compaction under the action of gravity over the years, and the pipe-following technology needs to be used in engineering to avoid hole collapse. Since the pipe-following technology is required to form holes in the soil, the freezing pipes inserted into the pipes must be linear, and freezing pipes of other structural forms cannot be formed. At present, in the application of artificial stratum freezing method, linear freezing pipes are inserted into three-dimensional soil. The refrigerant circulating in the linear freezing pipe provides a low-temperature cold source. For any point in the three-dimensional soil, it actually only receives cold from one direction. In addition, the thermal conductivity of the soil is much lower than that of the metal freezing pipe, which forms a unidirectional one-dimensional freezing that inefficiently conducts cold. In summary, due to the use of linear freezing pipes, the current artificial stratum freezing method is an inefficient one-dimensional freezing. This is an area that needs to be improved in this application. Summary of the invention

[0012] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a canine barb-shaped umbrella-shaped three-dimensional freezing pipe to achieve efficient three-dimensional freezing and improve the freezing efficiency.

[0013] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a canine barb type umbrella-shaped three-dimensional freezing pipe, wherein the outer arm surface of the freezing pipe is surrounded by at least one stretching wall ring, and the stretching wall ring includes multiple stretching walls, and the ends of each stretching wall on the same side are hinged to the outer arm surface of the freezing pipe in the forward direction of the freezing pipe, and the end on the other side of the stretching wall is a canine barb type structure. The canine barb type structure refers to all structural forms in which a space is left between the end on the other side of the stretching wall and the outer wall surface of the freezing pipe; the freezing pipe is dragged in the opposite direction of the forward direction to make the soil enter the space between the canine barb type structure and the freezing pipe, and the stretching wall is opened in different directions around the hinged end by the reaction force of the soil, forming an umbrella-shaped three-dimensional structure with the freezing pipe as the center in the soil, and the cold in the freezing pipe is transmitted to the surrounding soil in multiple directions through multiple stretching walls for three-dimensional freezing.

[0014] Any position of the dog-tooth barb structure of the expansion wall is linearly connected to any position on the surface of the freezing pipe to control the opening angle of the expansion wall.

[0015] The wire connection is a soft wire connection or a rod body sliding connection.

[0016] The stretch wall rings are arranged in sequence on the outer arm surface of the freezing pipe along the forward direction of the freezing pipe.

[0017] The stretch wall ring, the dog tooth barb end of the previous stretch wall ring is located on the upper part of the hinged end of the rear stretch wall ring, that is, the hinged end of the rear stretch wall ring is located in the space of the dog tooth barb structure of the previous stretch wall ring; or there is a gap between the dog tooth barb end of the previous stretch wall ring and the hinged end of the rear stretch wall ring, that is, a distance is set between the front and rear stretch wall rings, and the dog tooth barb end of the stretch wall is linearly connected to the outer arm surface corresponding to the freezing pipe, or the rod body is slidably connected.

[0018] The rod body is slidably connected in that the sliding end of the rod body extends into a sliding groove or a sliding sleeve in the extension wall and slides in the sliding groove or the sliding sleeve along an opening angle.

[0019] The rod body is a metal rod body.

[0020] The freezing pipe and the expansion wall are made of heat-conducting metal materials.

[0021] The heat-conducting metal material is steel, iron, copper or aluminum.

[0022] The working principle of the dog-tooth barbed hook umbrella-shaped three-dimensional freezing pipe of the present invention is: cold energy enters the freezing pipe in the form of circulating refrigerant from the refrigerator, and the cold energy of the circulating brine is transferred to the freezing pipe wall; the cold energy is then efficiently conducted from the freezing pipe wall to the umbrella-shaped metal extension wall; after the above two processes, the cold energy of the circulating refrigerant is rapidly conducted in the three-dimensional space of the soil body, and any point in the soil body is affected by the cold energy conduction from the freezing pipe wall and the extension wall, forming three-dimensional freezing under cold energy conduction in multiple directions.

[0023] The present invention determines the number and length of the extension walls according to the properties and shape of the frozen soil curtain.

[0024] The working process of the dog tooth barb type umbrella shaped three-dimensional freezing pipe of the present invention is as follows: (1) The follower pipe is excavated together with the drill bit. When it reaches a certain position, the drill bit is pulled out and the canine barb-shaped umbrella-shaped three-dimensional freezing pipe is inserted; (2) Pull out the heel pipe, and the canine barbed umbrella-shaped three-dimensional freezing pipe is tightly wrapped by the soil; (3) In the reverse direction, the canine barb umbrella-shaped three-dimensional freezing pipe is pulled to a certain extent; (4) When pulling in the reverse direction, the soil at the dog-tooth barb end of the extension wall will generate a reaction force, causing the extension wall to open a small-angle pore, and then more soil will enter the small-angle pore, forming a larger soil reaction force, and then the extension wall will open a larger angle pore; in this way, during the pulling process, the extension wall is always in a continuously open state; (5) When pulled to a certain distance and under the action of the connecting wire or rod, the stretching wall opens to a certain angle, forming an umbrella-shaped three-dimensional structure in the soil.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: achieving efficient three-dimensional freezing, greatly improving the efficiency of cold conduction in the frozen soil curtain, and thus greatly improving the efficiency of forming the frozen soil curtain. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dog-tooth barb-shaped umbrella-shaped three-dimensional freezing pipe connected by wire in a specific embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the local structure; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the line-connected umbrella-shaped extendable wall opened to 90 degrees in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 4Schematic diagram of the umbrella-shaped extendable wall connected by lines in Example 1 of the present invention opened to any angle; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a dog-tooth barb-type umbrella-shaped three-dimensional freezing pipe with a rod body slidingly connected in a specific embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the local structure; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the opening angle of the umbrella-shaped extension wall of the rod body sliding connection in the specific embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the non-connected canine barb type umbrella-shaped three-dimensional freezing pipe of specific embodiment 3 of the present invention; Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the opening angle of the unconnected umbrella-shaped extension wall in specific embodiment 3 of the present invention; Fig.10 It is a schematic structural diagram of a canine-tooth barbed umbrella-shaped three-dimensional freezing pipe without connected fish scales according to a specific embodiment 4 of the present invention; Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the opening angle of the unconnected fish-scale umbrella-shaped extension wall in specific embodiment 4 of the present invention; Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the cold propagation direction of linear freezing; Fig.13 Schematic diagram of the cold propagation direction of the dog-tooth barbed umbrella-shaped three-dimensional freezing pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention; Description of the numbers in the figure: 1—freezing pipe; 2—stretching wall; 3—canine barb structure; 4—hinged end; 5—connecting wire; 6—connecting rod; 7—chute; 8—soil. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example 1

[0028] like Figure 1-Figure 2As shown, the present invention provides a canine barb type umbrella-shaped three-dimensional freezing pipe, wherein the outer arm surface of the freezing pipe 1 is surrounded by an extension wall ring, and the extension wall ring includes a plurality of extension walls 2, and the ends of each extension wall 2 on the same side are hinged to the outer arm surface of the freezing pipe 1 in the forward direction of the freezing pipe 1, and the end on the other side of the extension wall is a canine barb structure 3, and the canine barb structure 3 refers to all structural forms in which a space is left between the other end of the extension wall 2 and the outer wall surface of the freezing pipe 1; the freezing pipe 1 is dragged in the reverse forward direction to make the soil enter the space between the canine barb structure 3 and the freezing pipe 1, and the extension wall 2 is opened in different directions around the hinged end 4 by the reaction force of the soil, so as to form an umbrella-shaped three-dimensional structure with the freezing pipe 1 as the center in the soil, and the cold in the freezing pipe 1 is transmitted to the surrounding soil in multiple directions through the plurality of extension walls 2 for three-dimensional freezing.

[0029] Any position of the dog-tooth barb structure 3 of the extension wall 2 is connected to any position on the surface of the freezing pipe 1 through a connecting line 5, such as Figure 3 The umbrella-shaped extension wall is opened to 90 degrees, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 The umbrella-shaped expandable wall can be opened to any angle, and the opening angle of the expandable wall 2 is controlled by the connecting line 5 .

[0030] The freezing pipe 1 and the expansion wall 2 are made of heat-conducting metal materials, such as steel, iron, copper or aluminum.

[0031] The present invention determines the number and length of the expansion walls 2 according to the properties and shape of the frozen soil curtain. The specific size of the dog-tooth barb structure 3 is determined according to the length of the expansion wall 2 and the size of the freezing pipe 1.

[0032] When the ordinary freezing pipe is inserted into the follower pipe to a certain position in the soil, the follower pipe is pulled out to leave the linear freezing pipe. For any point in the soil, the freezing cold is provided by the freezing pipe wall through the soil with a low thermal conductivity of about 1.5 to 2 W / (m·K) in a single direction. Fig.12 As shown in Figure 1, when the design of the frozen soil curtain requires a certain thickness and temperature, the freezing efficiency is very low when a linear freezing pipe is used for one-dimensional freezing. Fig.13 As shown, the canine barb-shaped umbrella-shaped three-dimensional freezing pipe of Example 1 of the present invention is inserted into the following pipe to a certain position in the soil body, and the freezing pipe 1 is dragged in the opposite direction of the forward direction. Due to the presence of the canine barb-shaped structure 3, part of the soil body will enter the pores between the stretching wall 2 and the outer wall of the freezing pipe 1, so that the stretching wall 2 is automatically opened around the hinge end 4 by the reaction force of the soil body; because the stretching wall and the freezing pipe are connected by a wire of a certain length to control the opening angle of the stretching wall, an umbrella-shaped structure centered on the freezing pipe is finally formed within the range of the frozen soil curtain (such as Figure 3-Figure 4). Since the freezing pipe 1 is made of metal steel, and the stretching wall 2 is also made of metal materials such as steel, iron, copper, and aluminum, which are much larger than the thermal conductivity of the soil, about 20 to 250 times, the cold in the freezing pipe 1 is transmitted to the metal umbrella-shaped three-dimensional structure in the frozen soil curtain with a conduction capacity of dozens or even hundreds of times, achieving efficient three-dimensional freezing and improving the freezing efficiency. Example 2

[0033] The basic structure and working principle of embodiment 2 are the same as those of embodiment 1, except that the wire connection adopts a rod sliding connection. Figure 5-Figure 7 As shown, the sliding end of the connecting rod 6 extends into the slide groove 7 in the extension wall 2, and slides in the slide groove 7 according to the opening angle. The connecting rod 6 is a metal rod body. Example 3

[0034] like Figure 8 As shown, the present invention provides a canine barb-shaped umbrella-shaped three-dimensional freezing pipe, wherein the outer arm surface of the freezing pipe 1 is surrounded by two expansion wall circles, and the two expansion wall circles are arranged in sequence front and back on the outer arm surface of the freezing pipe 1 along the forward direction of the freezing pipe 1, and a gap is provided between the front and rear expansion wall circles, and there is no connection between the canine barb-shaped end of the expansion wall 2 and the freezing pipe, and the opening angle of the expansion wall 2 cannot be controlled. The opening angle of the umbrella-shaped expansion wall of this embodiment 3 is as follows Fig. 9 shown. Example 4

[0035] like Fig.10 As shown, the present invention provides a canine barb type umbrella-shaped three-dimensional freezing pipe, wherein the outer arm surface of the freezing pipe 1 is surrounded by two stretching wall rings, and the canine barb type end of the front stretching wall ring is located at the upper part of the hinged end of the rear stretching wall ring, that is, the hinged end of the rear stretching wall ring is located in the space of the canine barb type structure of the front stretching wall ring, forming a fish scale structure. The opening angle of the umbrella-shaped stretching wall of this embodiment 4 is as follows Fig.11 shown.

[0036] The working process of the embodiment of the present invention is as follows: (1) The follower pipe is excavated together with the drill bit. When it reaches a certain position, the drill bit is pulled out and the canine barb-shaped umbrella-shaped three-dimensional freezing pipe is inserted; (2) Pull out the heel pipe, and the canine barb-shaped umbrella-shaped three-dimensional freezing pipe is tightly wrapped by the soil; (3) In the reverse direction, the canine barbed umbrella-shaped three-dimensional freezing pipe is pulled to a certain extent; (4) When pulling in the reverse direction, the soil at the dog-tooth barb end of the extension wall will generate a reaction force, causing the extension wall to open a small-angle pore, and then more soil will enter the small-angle pore, forming a larger soil reaction force, and then the extension wall will open a larger angle pore; in this way, during the pulling process, the extension wall is always in a continuously open state; (5) When pulled to a certain distance and under the action of the connecting wire or rod, the stretching wall opens to a certain angle, forming an umbrella-shaped three-dimensional structure in the soil; (6) The cold in the freezing pipe is transmitted to the umbrella-shaped three-dimensional structure in the frozen soil curtain with a conduction capacity dozens or even hundreds of times higher, achieving efficient three-dimensional freezing. This greatly improves the efficiency of cold conduction in the frozen soil curtain, which in turn greatly improves the efficiency of the formation of the frozen soil curtain.

[0037] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dog tooth barb type umbrella shaped three-dimensional freezing pipe, characterized in that: The outer arm surface of the freezing pipe is surrounded by at least one stretching wall ring, and the stretching wall ring includes multiple stretching walls. The end of each stretching wall on the same side is hinged to the outer arm surface of the freezing pipe in the forward direction of the freezing pipe, and the end of the other side of the stretching wall is a dog tooth barb structure. The freezing pipe is dragged in the opposite direction of the forward direction, so that the soil enters the space between the dog tooth barb structure and the freezing pipe. The stretching wall is opened in different directions around the hinged end by the reaction force of the soil, forming an umbrella-shaped three-dimensional structure with the freezing pipe as the center in the soil. The cold in the freezing pipe is transmitted to the surrounding soil in multiple directions through multiple stretching walls for three-dimensional freezing.

2. The dog-tooth barb umbrella-shaped three-dimensional freezing pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that: Any position of the dog-tooth barb structure of the expansion wall is linearly connected to any position on the surface of the freezing pipe to control the opening angle of the expansion wall.

3. The dog-tooth barb umbrella-shaped three-dimensional freezing pipe according to claim 2, characterized in that: The wire connection is a soft wire connection or a rod body sliding connection.

4. The dog-tooth barb umbrella-shaped three-dimensional freezing pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stretch wall rings are arranged in sequence on the outer arm surface of the freezing pipe along the forward direction of the freezing pipe.

5. The dog-tooth barb umbrella-shaped three-dimensional freezing pipe according to claim 4, characterized in that: The canine barb end of the preceding stretchable wall circle is located above the hinge end of the following stretchable wall circle, or there is a gap between the canine barb end of the preceding stretchable wall circle and the hinge end of the following stretchable wall circle.

6. The dog-tooth barb umbrella-shaped three-dimensional freezing pipe according to claim 5, characterized in that: There is a gap between the dog-tooth barb-shaped end of the front stretching wall ring and the hinged end of the rear stretching wall ring, and the dog-tooth barb-shaped end is linearly connected with the outer arm surface corresponding to the freezing pipe, or the rod body is slidably connected.

7. The dog-tooth barb umbrella-shaped three-dimensional freezing pipe according to claim 3 or 6, characterized in that: The rod body is slidably connected in that the sliding end of the rod body extends into a sliding groove or a sliding sleeve in the extension wall and slides in the sliding groove or the sliding sleeve along an opening angle.

8. The dog-tooth barb umbrella-shaped three-dimensional freezing pipe according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rod body is a metal rod body.

9. The dog-tooth barb umbrella-shaped three-dimensional freezing pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The freezing pipe and the expansion wall are made of heat-conducting metal materials.

10. The dog-tooth barb umbrella-shaped three-dimensional freezing pipe according to claim 9, characterized in that: The heat-conducting metal material is steel, iron, copper or aluminum.

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