Manufacturing method of wind-resistant double-shaft tracking structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a manufacturing method of a wind-resistant double-shaft tracking structure, belongs to the technical field of manufacturing of photovoltaic equipment, and can obviously improve the wind-resistant capability of a photovoltaic system. Comprising the following steps that S1, a driving module and a tracking controller are installed on a photovoltaic support, and a wind speed sensor and a communication controller are arranged on a meteorological rod; s2, enabling the driving module to be in communication connection with the tracking controller, enabling the communication controller to be in communication connection with the wind speed sensor, enabling the tracking controller to be in communication connection with the communication controller, and enabling the wind power data collected by the wind speed sensor to trigger the driving module to adjust the posture of the photovoltaic panel. By monitoring the wind speed in real time and automatically adjusting the posture of the photovoltaic panel when the wind speed exceeds the preset threshold value, the wind resistance of the photovoltaic system can be remarkably improved, and the risk that the photovoltaic panel is damaged due to strong wind is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic device. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic systems, as an important component of clean energy, have been widely used around the world. With the development of photovoltaic technology, in order to improve the energy conversion efficiency of solar panels, photovoltaic tracking systems have gradually become one of the key technologies to improve the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic systems. The photovoltaic tracking system adjusts the angle of photovoltaic panels in real time so that they are always facing the sun, thereby maximizing the absorption of solar radiation energy.

[0003] The photovoltaic tracking systems currently on the market mainly include single-axis tracking systems and dual-axis tracking systems. Single-axis tracking systems can usually only adjust the angle of photovoltaic panels in one direction (such as the east-west direction) to adapt to the sun's daily trajectory. The dual-axis tracking system can adjust the angle of photovoltaic panels in two directions (such as the east-west direction and the north-south direction) to better track the changes in the sun's position, thereby improving energy absorption efficiency.

[0004] Although the dual-axis tracking system can significantly improve the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic system, in actual applications, especially under extreme weather conditions (such as strong winds, heavy rains, etc.), photovoltaic panels and their support structures face severe tests. Strong winds not only cause vibrations of the photovoltaic panels, but may also cause damage to the photovoltaic panels and their support structures, thus affecting the normal operation of the photovoltaic system.

[0005] Any discussion of the background technology throughout the specification does not mean that the background technology is necessarily the prior art known to technicians in the relevant field; any discussion of the prior art throughout the specification does not mean that the prior art is necessarily widely known. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention aims to provide a method for manufacturing a wind-resistant dual-axis tracking structure to improve the wind resistance of a photovoltaic system.

[0007] A method for manufacturing a wind-resistant dual-axis tracking structure in this scheme includes the following steps:

[0008] S1. Install the drive module and tracking controller on the photovoltaic bracket, and arrange the wind speed sensor and communication controller on the meteorological pole;

[0009] S2. The driving module and the tracking controller are connected in communication, the communication controller and the wind speed sensor are connected in communication, and the tracking controller and the communication controller are connected in communication, so that the wind data collected by the wind speed sensor can trigger the driving module to adjust the posture of the photovoltaic panel.

[0010] This solution has the following beneficial effects:

[0011] Enhanced wind resistance: By real-time monitoring of wind speed and automatically adjusting the posture of photovoltaic panels when the wind speed exceeds the preset threshold, the wind resistance of the photovoltaic system can be significantly improved, reducing the risk of photovoltaic panel damage caused by strong winds.

[0012] Through the communication connection between the drive module and the tracking controller, the wind data collected by the wind speed sensor can directly trigger the drive module to adjust the posture of the photovoltaic panel, ensuring that the system can respond quickly when the wind speed changes, reducing the response time and improving the control level of the system.

[0013] Through the communication connection between the communication controller and the wind speed sensor, remote data transmission and monitoring can be realized, which is convenient for operation and maintenance personnel to grasp the system status in time and improve management efficiency.

[0014] Furthermore, one communication controller can communicate with multiple tracking controllers at the same time, which can realize unified command of multiple photovoltaics and lower system cost.

[0015] Furthermore, the control logic is set to adjust the photovoltaic bracket to a wind-resistant position when the wind speed is greater than 25 m / s. This can avoid damage to the photovoltaic equipment in a strong wind environment.

[0016] Furthermore, the wind-resistant position refers to adjusting the photovoltaic panel to a position parallel to the wind direction in the azimuth direction and adjusting the photovoltaic panel to a horizontal position in the zenith angle direction, so as to minimize the impact of strong winds on the photovoltaic equipment.

[0017] Furthermore, the control logic is set to adjust the photovoltaic panels to a wind-resistant position before the equipment is shut down at night. Resetting the equipment when it is shut down at night is easier to manage and can cope with sudden weather impacts.

[0018] Furthermore, a snow depth sensor is installed on the meteorological mast, which is convenient for starting snow removal operations in extremely bad weather. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the meteorological mast in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention is further described in detail below through specific embodiments:

[0021] The reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: a meteorological mast 1 , a communication controller 2 , a LORA antenna 3 , and a wind speed sensor 4 .

[0022] 1. Hardware Structure

[0023] In a photovoltaic field, multiple dual-axis photovoltaic brackets and photovoltaic panels are installed. Dozens of photovoltaic brackets form a sub-array. Each sub-array is equipped with a communication controller (Net Control Unit, also referred to as NCU below), and a tracking controller (Tracker Control Unit, also referred to as TCU below) is installed on the column of each bracket. The sub-array system uses Modbus RTU / MODBUS TCP protocol to connect to the SCADA monitoring system, which can realize remote control, statistical information display, individual information query, parameter setting, wind speed record query and other functions in heavy snow and other severe weather conditions. The software algorithm part adopts existing technology.

[0024] NCU is installed on the meteorological pole, and the meteorological pole is deployed close to the box-type transformer. The configuration of the meteorological pole is as follows: Figure 1 As shown: LORA antenna realizes internal wireless communication, provides RS485 and electrical Ethernet ports externally, and supports optical fiber access. NCU is responsible for collecting meteorological sensor information, collecting and managing information within the subarray, and external communication.

[0025] The sensor configuration in NCU includes: standard GPS, wind speed sensor, radiation sensor, rainfall sensor, snow depth sensor. The wind speed sensor uses a wind cup made of high-strength aluminum alloy, which has light weight, small starting torque, low inertia, and can truly reflect wind speed information.

[0026] TCU can receive the time, longitude and latitude information from NCU, drive the dual-axis tracking bracket to chase the light through the driver module, and receive instructions from NCU in extremely bad weather to perform operations such as wind shelter and snow removal. TCU uses wireless communication to exchange information with NCU and regularly uploads operating data and fault alarm information.

[0027] Each TCU includes 1 controller host, 1 six-axis tilt sensor, and 2 sets of limit switches. Each set of TCUs configured with dual-axis tracking brackets is independently driven, and can use existing software and hardware to achieve the personalized tracking capability of a single bracket. The controller host and limit switches are installed on the column, and the six-axis tilt sensor is installed on the main beam.

[0028] The dual-axis adjustment can adopt existing technologies, such as the following main components:

[0029] Basic platform: The base used to support the entire tracking system.

[0030] The first rotating mechanism is arranged on the basic platform, including a first rotating shaft driven by a motor and a first rotating arm connected thereto, and is used to drive the photovoltaic panel to rotate in the east-west direction (azimuth direction) to track the rising and setting of the sun.

[0031] The second rotating mechanism is arranged at one end of the first rotating arm, including a second rotating shaft driven by a motor and a second rotating arm connected thereto, and is used to drive the photovoltaic panel to rotate in the north-south direction (zenith angle direction) to adapt to the vertical height changes of the sun in different seasons. The two rotating mechanisms are the driving modules of the photovoltaic panel.

[0032] Photovoltaic panel support frame: connected to one end of the second rotating arm, used to fix the photovoltaic panel to ensure that the photovoltaic panel can change its direction following the movements of the first rotating mechanism and the second rotating mechanism.

[0033] 2. Installation Process

[0034] Through the following steps, the equipment installation of multiple dual-axis photovoltaic brackets and photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic site is completed, and the intelligent tracking and protection functions of the system under normal working and extreme weather conditions are ensured. Of course, this equipment can also adopt other feasible installation processes.

[0035] 1. Basic platform installation

[0036] Site selection and leveling: Choose a flat ground suitable for installing the photovoltaic bracket, and level the land to ensure that the foundation of the installation base platform is stable.

[0037] Laying the foundation platform: Laying the foundation platform as the base of the entire tracking system. The foundation platform should have sufficient bearing capacity to ensure the stability of the photovoltaic support.

[0038] 2. Installation of the first rotating mechanism

[0039] Install the first rotating shaft: Install the first rotating shaft driven by the motor on the basic platform, and ensure that the rotating shaft is firmly connected to the basic platform.

[0040] Install the first rotating arm: Connect the first rotating arm to the first rotating shaft and ensure that the connection is firm and can drive the photovoltaic panel to rotate in the east-west direction (azimuth direction).

[0041] 3. Installation of the second rotating mechanism

[0042] Install the second rotating shaft: Install the second rotating shaft driven by the motor at one end of the first rotating arm, and ensure that it is firmly connected to the first rotating arm.

[0043] Install the second rotating arm: Connect the second rotating arm to the second rotating axis, ensure that the connection is firm and can drive the photovoltaic panel to rotate in the north-south direction (zenith angle direction).

[0044] 4. Photovoltaic panel support frame installation

[0045] Install the photovoltaic panel support frame: Connect the photovoltaic panel support frame to one end of the second rotating arm to ensure that the photovoltaic panel can change its direction following the movements of the first rotating mechanism and the second rotating mechanism.

[0046] Installing photovoltaic panels: Fix the photovoltaic panels on the photovoltaic panel support frame, ensure that the photovoltaic panels are firmly installed and can be adjusted in direction with the support frame.

[0047] 5. Communication controller (NCU) installation

[0048] Install the meteorological pole: Select a suitable location to install the meteorological pole, ensure that the meteorological pole is stable, and deploy it close to the box-type transformer.

[0049] Install NCU: Install the communication controller (NCU) on the meteorological mast and connect the LORA antenna, RS485 interface, Ethernet port, etc. to ensure that it can work properly.

[0050] Configure sensors: Install standard sensors, including GPS, wind speed sensor, irradiance sensor, rain sensor, snow depth sensor, and ensure that the sensors are working properly.

[0051] 6. Tracking controller (TCU) installation

[0052] Install TCU: Install a tracking controller (TCU) on the column of each photovoltaic bracket and connect it to six-axis tilt sensors, limit switches and other equipment.

[0053] Configure TCU: Ensure that TCU can receive the time, longitude and latitude information from NCU, and drive the dual-axis tracking bracket to perform light chasing operation through the driver module.

[0054] Wireless communication configuration: Configure wireless communication between TCU and NCU to ensure that TCU can regularly upload operating data and fault alarm information.

[0055] 7. Sub-array system connection

[0056] Sub-array system integration: dozens of photovoltaic brackets are used as a sub-array, and each sub-array is equipped with an NCU.

[0057] Protocol configuration: The sub-array system uses Modbus RTU / MODBUS TCP protocol to connect to the SCADA monitoring system to achieve remote control, statistical information display, individual information query, parameter setting, wind speed record query and other functions.

[0058] 8. System debugging

[0059] Test sensors: Test the data collection function of each sensor to ensure that the sensor can accurately collect and transmit data.

[0060] Test communication: Test the communication function between NCU and TCU to ensure smooth data transmission.

[0061] Test tracking function: Test the tracking function of the photovoltaic panel to ensure that the photovoltaic panel can accurately track the position of the sun.

[0062] Test protection function: Test whether the system can adjust the photovoltaic panels to the best wind-resistant position and initiate protection measures in extreme weather conditions (such as strong winds, heavy snow, etc.).

[0063] 3. Wind-resistant design

[0064] NCU is connected to an external wind speed sensor, which can control the system to enter the high wind protection state at any time. It can realize remote control, statistical information display, individual information query, parameter setting, wind speed record query and other functions in severe weather conditions.

[0065] In extremely severe weather conditions, TCU receives instructions from NCU to perform operations such as sheltering from the wind and removing snow.

[0066] The wind speed sensor uses a wind cup made of purchased high-strength aluminum alloy, which is light in weight, has a small starting torque, low inertia, and can truly reflect wind speed information. It has a self-heating and deicing function and is suitable for use in cold northern regions.

[0067] In case of severe windy weather (such as wind speed greater than 25 m / s), the control system can quickly adjust the photovoltaic bracket to the best wind-resistant position. In the azimuth direction (east-west direction), the photovoltaic panel can be adjusted to a position parallel to the wind direction, that is, if the wind blows from east to west, the east-west direction of the photovoltaic panel may need to be adjusted to be consistent with the wind direction. In the zenith angle direction (north-south direction), the photovoltaic panel can be adjusted to a relatively horizontal position, that is, the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel is reduced to minimize the force-bearing surface perpendicular to the wind direction.

[0068] Nighttime reset function: Since the equipment will shut down at night, all states need to be restored to the reset state, and the component plane needs to be restored to the initial maximum wind resistance state.

[0069] The above scheme can also be improved as follows:

[0070] Access wind speed forecast data for the next few hours or days provided by external meteorological services through the Meteorological Data Interface (MDI). At the same time, extract wind speed data and other environmental parameters for a period of time in the past from the Historical Data Storage (HDS). Select machine learning algorithms such as ARIMA and LSTM to train the prediction model. Use the trained prediction model, combined with real-time wind speed data and meteorological forecast data, to predict future wind speed trends. When it is predicted that the future wind speed will exceed the preset threshold, the control center (CC) will increase the frequency and intensity of environmental data collection so that it can respond as quickly as possible after severe weather occurs to ensure system safety.

[0071] Several retractable auxiliary support rods are added around the photovoltaic panel support frame. These auxiliary support rods are retracted during normal operation and do not affect the normal tracking action of the photovoltaic panel. When the wind speed is detected to exceed the preset threshold, the auxiliary support rods automatically extend and contact the ground to form multi-point support, which significantly enhances the overall stability of the photovoltaic panel, reduces the impact of wind on the photovoltaic panel, and ensures the safe operation of the system under severe weather conditions.

[0072] A mechanical locking device is added at the connection between the photovoltaic panel support frame and the second rotating arm. The device includes a locking pin driven by a motor. When the wind speed is detected to exceed the preset threshold, the control system drives the locking pin to be inserted into the locking hole between the photovoltaic panel support frame and the rotating arm, thereby firmly fixing the photovoltaic panel in the current wind-resistant position to prevent accidental movement due to control system failure, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of the photovoltaic panel under extreme weather conditions.

[0073] Elastic damping shock absorbers are installed at the connection between the photovoltaic panel support frame and the second rotating arm, and at the connection between the first rotating arm and the base platform. The shock absorbers are composed of high-strength springs and damping elements, which can absorb vibration energy under the action of wind and reduce the vibration amplitude of the photovoltaic panels, thereby effectively protecting the photovoltaic panels from damage and ensuring the stability and safety of the photovoltaic system under severe weather conditions.

[0074] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the scheme of the present invention, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The protection scope required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing a wind-resistant dual-axis tracking structure, characterized in that The following steps are involved: S1. Install the drive module and tracking controller on the photovoltaic bracket, and arrange the wind speed sensor and communication controller on the meteorological pole; S2. The driving module and the tracking controller are connected in communication, the communication controller and the wind speed sensor are connected in communication, and the tracking controller and the communication controller are connected in communication, so that the wind data collected by the wind speed sensor can trigger the driving module to adjust the posture of the photovoltaic panel.

2. The method for manufacturing a wind-resistant dual-axis tracking structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A communication controller is connected to multiple tracking controllers for communication at the same time.

3. The method for manufacturing a wind-resistant dual-axis tracking structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control logic is set to adjust the photovoltaic bracket to the wind-resistant position when the wind speed is greater than 25 m / s.

4. The method for manufacturing a wind-resistant dual-axis tracking structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The wind-resistant position refers to that the photovoltaic panel is adjusted to a position parallel to the wind direction in the azimuth direction, and the photovoltaic panel is adjusted to a horizontal position in the zenith angle direction.

5. The method for manufacturing a wind-resistant dual-axis tracking structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The control logic is set to adjust the photovoltaic panels to a wind-resistant position before the equipment is shut down at night.

6. The method for manufacturing a wind-resistant dual-axis tracking structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: A snow depth sensor is installed on the weather mast.

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