Method and device for testing service life of stirring head

Abstract

The invention relates to a stirring head service life testing method which is achieved through a stirring head service life testing device, the stirring head service life testing device comprises a supporting base, a rotary table and a welding base plate, the rotary table is installed on the supporting base, and the welding base plate is installed on the rotary table; the welding base plate is used for mounting a to-be-welded plate, and the rotary table is used for driving the to-be-welded plate to rotate; the stirring head service life testing method comprises the following steps: driving a to-be-welded plate to rotate through a rotary table, and meanwhile, enabling a stirring head to move on the to-be-welded plate along the radial direction of the rotary table; and according to the state of the plate to be welded, the welding length of the stirring head and the state of the stirring head, the service life of the stirring head is measured. The effective welding lengths of different types of stirring heads in the long-range continuous welding state can be directly evaluated, and the service lives of the different types of stirring heads can be simply, conveniently and rapidly tested and evaluated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of welding technology, and in particular to a method and device for testing the life of a stirring head. Background Art

[0002] Since the invention of friction stir welding (FSW) by the British Welding Institute in 1991, it has been widely used in aerospace, ship weapons, rail transportation, new energy vehicles and other fields. As the only consumable component in the welding process, the stir head is the key to the friction stir welding technology. The geometric dimensions and surface thread structures of the stir head directly affect the friction heat generation and the flow state of the plastic material, and determine the quality of the joint welding. During the use of the stir head, the surface wear will cause the joint quality to decline due to the accumulation of high temperature heat and cyclic alternating loads, or sudden breakage and damage will cause production stagnation, and in severe cases, the workpiece will be scrapped. To solve such problems, workshops generally adopt the method of forcibly replacing the stir head after producing a certain number of products. This method fails to give full play to the service life of the stir head and is not conducive to production cost control. If the welding length limit of a specific specification of the stir head can be accurately measured, it will have positive engineering application value for producers to reduce costs and increase efficiency and avoid accidental breakage. For the design and production of the stir head, if the service life of the new model of the stir head can be simply, conveniently, quickly and effectively detected, it will have greater market value for iteratively improving the overall performance of the stir head and enhancing the competitiveness of the company's products. Summary of the invention

[0003] (1) Technical issues to be solved

[0004] The present application provides a method for testing the life of a stirring head, which solves the problem of simply and quickly testing and evaluating the service life of different types of stirring heads.

[0005] (2) Technical solution

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a stirring head life test method, which is implemented by a stirring head life test device;

[0007] The stirring head life test device comprises a support seat, a turntable, and a welding pad, wherein the turntable is mounted on the support seat, and the welding pad is mounted on the turntable; the welding pad is used to mount the plate to be welded, and the turntable is used to drive the plate to be welded to rotate;

[0008] The stirring head life test method comprises:

[0009] The plate to be welded is driven to rotate by the turntable, and the stirring head is moved radially on the plate to be welded along the turntable;

[0010] The life of the stirring head is measured according to the state of the plate to be welded, the welding length of the stirring head and the state of the stirring head.

[0011] Furthermore, the method of driving the plate to be welded to rotate by the turntable and making the stirring head move radially on the plate to be welded along the turntable also includes:

[0012] The plate to be welded is mounted on the welding pad, and the stirring head is rotated at a set speed and inserted into the plate to be welded for preheating for a certain period of time.

[0013] Furthermore, the welding pad is provided with a backing plate groove and a center plate groove, the backing plate groove is used to install the backing plate, and the center plate groove is used to install the center plate;

[0014] When the stirring head is a fixed, retractable or stationary shoulder stirring head, the step of installing the plate to be welded on the welding pad, rotating the stirring head at a set speed and inserting it into the plate to be welded before preheating for a certain period of time also includes:

[0015] The tool-retracting pad and the center pad are respectively installed into the tool-retracting pad groove and the center pad groove to provide rigid back support for the plate to be welded.

[0016] Furthermore, when the stirring head is a double-shoulder stirring head, the step of installing the plate to be welded on the welding pad, rotating the stirring head at a set speed and inserting it into the plate to be welded for a certain period of time before preheating, further includes:

[0017] The tool-retracting pad and the center pad are taken out from the tool-retracting pad groove and the center pad groove.

[0018] Furthermore, when the stirring head is a double-shoulder stirring head, the plate to be welded is driven to rotate by the turntable, and the stirring head is moved radially on the plate to be welded along the turntable, including:

[0019] The double-shoulder stirring head is rotated from the backing plate groove along the side to enter the plate to be welded, and then moved toward the center of the turntable.

[0020] Further, the measuring of the life of the stirring head according to the state of the plate to be welded, the welding length of the stirring head and the state of the stirring head includes:

[0021] After the stirring head welds a certain length, characterize the microstructure and mechanical properties of the test plate to be welded, and observe the state of the stirring head;

[0022] When the stirring head is welded to a set length or the stirring head is broken or the joint welding quality does not meet the standard, the welded length is the life of the stirring head.

[0023] Furthermore, a test plate welding area is provided on the welding pad, and the test plate welding area is used to install the welding test plate;

[0024] The stirring head life test method further includes:

[0025] The welding test plate is installed in the welding area of ​​the test plate, and the state of the stirring head is tested by the welding test plate after the stirring head is welded for a certain length.

[0026] In a second aspect, the present application provides a stirring head life test device for implementing the stirring head life test method as described above;

[0027] The stirring head life test device includes a support seat, a turntable, and a welding pad. The turntable is installed on the support seat, and the welding pad is installed on the turntable. The welding pad is used to install the plate to be welded, and the turntable is used to drive the plate to be welded to rotate.

[0028] Furthermore, the mixing head life test device also includes anchor bolts, which are connected to the support base; and the support base is fixed to the ground through the anchor bolts.

[0029] Furthermore, the stirring head life test device also includes a servo motor, which is installed on the support seat and connected to the turntable, and is used to drive the turntable to rotate.

[0030] (3) Beneficial effects

[0031] The above technical solution of the present application has the following advantages:

[0032] The first aspect of the present application provides a method for testing the life of a stirring head. The stirring head drives the plate to be welded to rotate through a turntable, and at the same time, the stirring head moves radially along the turntable on the plate to be welded, so that the stirring head can traverse the entire plate to be welded, thereby maximizing the material utilization rate and realizing continuous long-distance welding. The life of the stirring head is then measured according to the state of the plate to be welded, the length of the stirring head welding and the state of the stirring head. The effective welding length of different types of stirring heads under long-distance continuous welding conditions can be directly evaluated, and the service life of different types of stirring heads can be tested and evaluated simply and quickly.

[0033] It can be understood that the beneficial effects of the second aspect mentioned above can be found in the relevant description of the first aspect mentioned above, and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0035] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a stirring head life test device provided in this application;

[0036] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the fixed, retractable, and stationary shoulder stirring head welding provided in this application; wherein (a) is the stirring head insertion stage, (b) is the welding stage, and (c) is a schematic diagram of the actual welding trajectory; A is the center of the plate, B is the welding starting point, C is the radial direction of the stirring head, and E is the welding end point;

[0037] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the welding of the double-axis shoulder stirring head provided in the present application; wherein, (a) is the installation stage of the backing plate and the welding plate, (b) is the removal stage of the backing plate and the welding plate, (c) is the starting feed trajectory of the double-axis shoulder stirring head, and (d) is a schematic diagram of the complete welding trajectory of the double-axis shoulder stirring head; A is the center of the plate, and B is the backing plate groove;

[0038] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the rectangular test plate welding area provided in this application; wherein (a) is the rectangular test plate welding area, and (b) is the rectangular test plate welding;

[0039] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of welding with a 5 mm needle-length stirring head provided in this application; wherein (a) is the complete welding track of a 5 mm needle-length stirring head, (b) is the starting point track, and (c) is the ending point track;

[0040] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the change of the angular velocity of the turntable and the radial movement speed of the welding tool provided in the present application; wherein (a) is the change curve of the angular velocity of the turntable, and (b) is the change curve of the radial movement speed of the welding tool.

[0041] Figure numerals: 1. anchor bolt; 2. support base; 3. servo motor; 4. turntable; 5. welding pad; 6. plate to be welded; 7. stirring head; 8. backing pad; 9. center pad; 10. rectangular test plate welding area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In the following description, specific details such as specific system structures, technologies, etc. are provided for the purpose of illustration rather than limitation, so as to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present application. However, it should be clear to those skilled in the art that the present application may also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other cases, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted to prevent unnecessary details from obstructing the description of the present application.

[0043] It should be understood that when used in the present specification and the appended claims, the term "comprising" indicates the presence of described features, wholes, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0044] In addition, in the description of the present application specification and the appended claims, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the descriptions and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0045] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" etc. described in the specification of this application mean that one or more embodiments of the present application include specific features, structures or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment. Therefore, the statements "in one embodiment", "in some embodiments", "in some other embodiments", "in some other embodiments", etc. that appear in different places in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but mean "one or more but not all embodiments", unless otherwise specifically emphasized in other ways. The terms "including", "comprising", "having" and their variations all mean "including but not limited to", unless otherwise specifically emphasized in other ways. "Multiple" means "two or more".

[0046] The specific implementation methods of the present application are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present application but are not intended to limit the scope of the present application.

[0047] The stirring head life test method provided in this embodiment is implemented by a stirring head life test device. The stirring head life test device comprises a support seat, a turntable, and a welding pad, wherein the turntable is mounted on the support seat, and the welding pad is mounted on the turntable; the welding pad is used to mount the plate to be welded, and the turntable is used to drive the plate to be welded to rotate.

[0048] The stirring head life test method comprises: driving the plate to be welded to rotate by the turntable, and simultaneously making the stirring head move radially along the turntable on the plate to be welded; and measuring the life of the stirring head according to the state of the plate to be welded, the welding length of the stirring head and the state of the stirring head.

[0049] The turntable drives the plate to be welded to rotate, and the stirring head moves radially on the plate to be welded along the turntable at the same time. The horizontal movement of the stirring head superimposed on the plate movement finally makes the movement trajectory of the stirring head an involute, so that the stirring head can traverse the entire plate to be welded, thereby maximizing the material utilization rate and realizing continuous long-distance welding. The life of the stirring head can be measured according to the state of the plate to be welded, the welding length of the stirring head and the state of the stirring head. The effective welding length of different types of stirring heads in the long-distance continuous welding state can be directly evaluated, and the service life of different types of stirring heads can be tested and evaluated simply and quickly.

[0050] In some embodiments, the plate to be welded is driven to rotate by the turntable, and the stirring head is moved radially along the turntable on the plate to be welded, and also includes: installing the plate to be welded on the welding pad, and rotating the stirring head at a set speed and piercing the plate to be welded for preheating for a certain period of time.

[0051] In some embodiments, the welding pad is provided with a knife-retracting pad groove and a center pad groove, the knife-retracting pad groove is used to install the knife-retracting pad, and the center pad groove is used to install the center pad; when the stirring head is a fixed, retractable or stationary shoulder stirring head, the plate to be welded is installed on the welding pad, and the stirring head is rotated at a set speed and inserted into the plate to be welded before preheating for a certain period of time, and it also includes: respectively installing the knife-retracting pad and the center pad into the knife-retracting pad groove and the center pad groove to provide rigid back support for the plate to be welded.

[0052] In some embodiments, when the stirring head is a double-shoulder stirring head, before installing the plate to be welded on the welding pad, rotating the stirring head at a set speed and inserting it into the plate to be welded for a certain period of time for preheating, it also includes: taking out the backing pad and the center pad from the backing pad groove and the center pad groove.

[0053] In some embodiments, when the stirring head is a double-shoulder stirring head, the plate to be welded is driven to rotate through the turntable, and the stirring head is moved radially along the turntable on the plate to be welded, including: rotating the double-shoulder stirring head from the side of the tool withdrawal pad groove into the plate to be welded, and then moving toward the center of the turntable.

[0054] In some embodiments, the life of the stirring head is measured based on the state of the plate to be welded, the welding length of the stirring head and the state of the stirring head, including: after the stirring head welds a certain length, the microstructure and mechanical properties of the test plate to be welded are characterized, and the state of the stirring head is observed; when the stirring head welds to a set length or the stirring head breaks or the joint welding quality does not meet the standards, the welded length is the life of the stirring head.

[0055] In some embodiments, a test plate welding area is provided on the welding pad, and the test plate welding area is used to install a welding test plate; the stirring head life test method also includes: installing the welding test plate on the test plate welding area, and testing the state of the stirring head through the welding test plate after the stirring head welds a certain length.

[0056] This embodiment also provides a stirring head life test device, which is used to implement the stirring head life test method described above. The stirring head life test device includes a support seat, a turntable, and a welding pad, the turntable is installed on the support seat, and the welding pad is installed on the turntable; the welding pad is used to install the plate to be welded, and the turntable is used to drive the plate to be welded to rotate.

[0057] In some embodiments, the mixing head life test device further comprises anchor bolts, wherein the anchor bolts are connected to the support base; the support base is fixed to the ground via the anchor bolts.

[0058] In some embodiments, the stirring head life testing device further includes a servo motor, which is mounted on the support base and connected to the turntable for driving the turntable to rotate.

[0059] In order to conveniently and efficiently test and evaluate the continuous long-range welding life of the stirring head, the present application proposes a stirring head life test device and method based on a rotary worktable, which can be directly welded on wide rolled plates without frequent replacement of welding plates and opening and closing of clamping devices, thereby simplifying the system operation steps; the life test of fixed shoulder stirring heads, retractable stirring heads, stationary shoulder stirring heads, and double shoulder stirring heads can be realized by disassembling and assembling the center pad, and the testing device has high compatibility; a rectangular test plate welding area is set, and the overall state of the stirring head and the joint quality at a specific welding length can be evaluated through flat plate welding and organizational performance characterization during the life test.

[0060] like Figure 1As shown, the test device mainly includes anchor bolts 1, support base 2, servo motor 3, turntable 4, welding pad 5, plate to be welded 6, and stirring head 7. Among them, the support base 2 is fixed to the ground by anchor bolts 1 and carries the whole set of test devices thereon. The servo motor 3 and the supporting system have stepless speed regulation function, providing power for the rotation of the turntable 4. The turntable 4 provides support for the welding pad 5. The welding pad 5 is connected to the turntable 4 by bolts to provide back support for the welding of the plate 6. The plate to be welded 6 is fixed to the surface of the pad 5 by a pressure plate. During the welding process, the stirring head 7 rotates at high speed and penetrates into the plate 6 and moves along a specific trajectory on the surface.

[0061] When testing the life of the stirring head, the stirring head first rotates at a set speed and penetrates into the plate to be welded. Figure 2 As shown in (a), after preheating in situ for a certain period of time, it moves horizontally along the radial direction of the turntable. Figure 2 (b) At the same time, the turntable drives the plate to be welded to start rotating, and the tangential linear velocity of the stirring head is approximately equal to the welding speed. The stirring head moves in the horizontal direction and the plate moves, which eventually makes the stirring head motion trajectory an involute, as shown in Figure 2 (c) As shown. Constant pressure or constant displacement welding mode can be adopted according to the needs during welding. Different welding speeds can be obtained by changing the angular velocity of the turntable and the position of the stirring head. Changing the radial moving speed of the stirring head can change the involute welding trajectory, so that the stirring head traverses the entire plate, maximizing the material utilization rate and achieving continuous long-distance welding.

[0062] The above scheme can be further optimized for different mixing head structures: before welding with fixed, retractable, or stationary shoulder mixing heads, the backing plate and center plate need to be installed into the welding plate to provide rigid back support for the entire plate, and then the welding test can be started. Figure 3 As shown in (a) and (b), the backing plate 8 and the center plate 9 need to be removed before welding with a double-shaft shoulder stirring head. Figure 3 As shown in (c) and (d), during welding, the double-shoulder stirring head rotates from the side of the backing plate into the plate, and then moves toward the center of the turntable. At the same time, the plate to be welded rotates to start testing. After completing the predetermined length, the stirring tool moves outward to the backing plate.

[0063] like Figure 4 As shown in (a) and (b), in order to comprehensively evaluate the state of the stirring head at different welding lengths, a rectangular test plate welding area 10 can be set up on the welding pad. After the stirring head is welded for a certain length (such as 500 meters), in addition to characterizing the surface wear and performance of the stirring head through a microscope or a hardness meter, the state of the stirring head can also be evaluated through a welding test plate.

[0064] The following is an explanation through specific embodiments.

[0065] The plate used in the test is 1500mm×1500mm×15mm thick 6061-T6 aluminum alloy, and the welding tool used is a fixed shoulder stirring head with a stirring head needle length of 5mm and a shoulder diameter of 15mm. The stirring head speed is 1000rpm and the welding speed is 200mm / min.

[0066] Before welding, install the backing plate and center plate into the welding plate, and then use the pressing plate to fix the test plate on the surface of the welding plate. Figure 5 As shown in (a), (b) and (c), the welding tool is clamped and fixed on the welding head, and the operating head is moved to a position 50 mm away from the center of the plate as the starting point of welding. In order to make full use of the raw materials, the centers of adjacent welds are 5 mm apart during the test. The end point is 50 mm away from the edge of the plate, with a total of 130 turns and a welding track length of 306 m. Start the welding head, the stirring head rotates at high speed and penetrates into the surface of the plate and preheats for 5 seconds, then start the turntable, the plate starts to rotate, and the stirring head moves outward along the radius at the same time. In order to achieve the purpose of 5 mm offset of the weld center per turn, the turntable and the welding tool need to move at variable speeds. The angular velocity of the turntable and the radial movement speed of the welding tool are shown in Figure 6 When testing the life of the mixing head, the microstructure and mechanical properties of the test plate are characterized every 500m to assess the state of the mixing head. Then continue welding until the customer's expected length is reached or the mixing head breaks or the joint welding quality does not meet the standard. The welded length is the life of the mixing head. In order to reduce the waste of raw materials and shorten the plate clamping time. After welding 306m, the mixing head is replaced with a milling cutter to mill off the surface flash and thinning area of ​​the plate, and then the life welding test is carried out again on the surface of the same plate.

[0067] The stirring head life test method and device provided in the embodiment of the present application can use various sizes of plate materials to directly evaluate the effective welding length of different types of stirring heads under long-range continuous welding conditions. There is no need to use formal products for welding, which reduces the testing cost; by planning the welding trajectory, continuous measurement of hundreds to thousands of meters can be achieved on a single plate; by changing the angular velocity of the turntable, the rotation speed of the stirring head, and the position of the stirring head, the life test can be completed within a larger process parameter window. This set of devices and methods strongly supports the design and processing of stirring heads to simply and quickly test and evaluate the welding ability and welding quality of new stirring heads. It can also provide companies using stirring heads with a true and reliable welding tool life range, which helps companies reduce production costs and reduce accidents such as workpiece scrapping due to accidental breakage of the stirring head.

[0068] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, only the division of the above-mentioned functional units and modules is used as an example for illustration. In actual applications, the above-mentioned functions can be assigned to different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiments can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. In addition, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for the convenience of distinguishing each other, and are not used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0069] The embodiments described above are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, a person skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. Such modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and should all be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for testing the life of a stirring head, characterized in that: This is achieved through a stirring head life test device; The stirring head life test device comprises a support seat, a turntable, and a welding pad, wherein the turntable is mounted on the support seat, and the welding pad is mounted on the turntable; The welding backing plate is used to mount the plate to be welded, and the turntable is used to drive the plate to be welded to rotate; The stirring head life test method comprises: The plate to be welded is driven to rotate by the turntable, and the stirring head is moved radially on the plate to be welded along the turntable; The life of the stirring head is measured according to the state of the plate to be welded, the welding length of the stirring head and the state of the stirring head.

2. The stirring head life test method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further comprises: driving the plate to be welded to rotate by the turntable, and making the stirring head move radially on the plate to be welded along the turntable. The plate to be welded is mounted on the welding pad, and the stirring head is rotated at a set speed and inserted into the plate to be welded for preheating for a certain period of time.

3. The stirring head life test method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The welding pad is provided with a backing plate groove and a center plate groove, wherein the backing plate groove is used for installing the backing plate, and the center plate groove is used for installing the center plate; When the stirring head is a fixed, retractable or stationary shoulder stirring head, the step of installing the plate to be welded on the welding pad, rotating the stirring head at a set speed and inserting it into the plate to be welded before preheating for a certain period of time also includes: The tool-retracting pad and the center pad are respectively installed into the tool-retracting pad groove and the center pad groove to provide rigid back support for the plate to be welded.

4. The stirring head life test method according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the stirring head is a double-shoulder stirring head, the step of installing the plate to be welded on the welding pad, rotating the stirring head at a set speed and inserting it into the plate to be welded before preheating for a certain period of time also includes: The tool-retracting pad and the center pad are taken out from the tool-retracting pad groove and the center pad groove.

5. The stirring head life test method according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the stirring head is a double-shoulder stirring head, the plate to be welded is driven to rotate by the turntable, and the stirring head is moved radially on the plate to be welded along the turntable, including: The double-shoulder stirring head is rotated from the backing plate groove along the side to enter the plate to be welded, and then moved toward the center of the turntable.

6. The stirring head life test method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measuring the life of the stirring head according to the state of the plate to be welded, the welding length of the stirring head and the state of the stirring head comprises: After the stirring head welds a certain length, characterize the microstructure and mechanical properties of the test plate to be welded, and observe the state of the stirring head; When the stirring head is welded to a set length or the stirring head is broken or the joint welding quality does not meet the standard, the welded length is the life of the stirring head.

7. The stirring head life test method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The welding pad is provided with a test plate welding area, and the test plate welding area is used to install the welding test plate; The stirring head life test method further includes: The welding test plate is installed in the welding area of ​​the test plate, and the state of the stirring head is tested by the welding test plate after the stirring head is welded for a certain length.

8. A stirring head life test device, characterized in that: Used to implement the stirring head life test method according to any one of claims 1 to 7; The stirring head life test device includes a support seat, a turntable, and a welding pad. The turntable is installed on the support seat, and the welding pad is installed on the turntable. The welding pad is used to install the plate to be welded, and the turntable is used to drive the plate to be welded to rotate.

9. The stirring head life test device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The stirring head life test device also includes anchor bolts, which are connected to the support base; the support base is fixed to the ground through the anchor bolts.

10. The stirring head life test device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The stirring head life testing device also includes a servo motor, which is installed on the support seat and connected to the turntable, and is used to drive the turntable to rotate.

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