Geophysical signal detection device and method

Abstract

The invention provides a geophysical signal detection device. The geophysical signal detection device comprises a geophysical signal sensor, a sensor mounting seat connected with the geophysical signal sensor, and an earth surface coupling seat for forming joint with the earth surface. The sensor mounting base is provided with a cylindrical main body and a mounting flange formed at the bottom end of the main body, and a through hole used for being connected with a sensor shell of the geophysical signal sensor is formed in the mounting flange. A first connecting hole used for being connected with the earth surface coupling base is formed in the bottom of the main body. The invention also provides a geophysical signal detection method using the device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of safety protection and monitoring of oil and gas production equipment and facilities, and in particular to a geophysical signal detection device for detecting geophysical signals, and a method for detecting geophysical signals using the geophysical signal detection device. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of the national economy and the continuous optimization of the energy structure, oil and gas resources have an increasingly greater impact on national economic development and energy security. In order to ensure the supply of oil and gas, the intensity of oil and gas exploration and development has continued to increase in recent years, and more and more oil and gas resources have been developed. Therefore, the corresponding supporting oil and gas facilities for the "drilling-gas production-gathering and transportation" process or links are also increasing. Once such supporting oil and gas facilities leak or even cause fire and explosion, it will cause more serious accident consequences.

[0003] In addition, according to statistics, in China, the vast majority of oil and gas facilities are damaged due to external disturbances (human intrusion). In recent years, although the public's safety awareness and overall quality have been greatly improved, drilling and oil (gas) theft accidents still occur from time to time.

[0004] At present, the monitoring method for production and safety accidents caused by external abnormalities is mainly completed through video monitoring by personnel on duty or infrared camera recognition. However, video monitoring by personnel on duty requires a lot of manpower and material resources, and the monitoring effect is affected by factors such as the sense of responsibility and attention of the personnel on duty, which is easy to lead to missed reports. Although the infrared camera method can monitor abnormal heat bodies, it still cannot accurately identify intruders wearing professional protective clothing.

[0005] Research has found that using seismic wave sensors to capture and analyze seismic waves generated by external anomalies contacting the surface, and based on this to determine the anomaly pattern and locate it, is one of the most promising technologies for monitoring external anomalies of oil and gas facilities. However, the main reason why this technology has not been popularized is that most key oil and gas facilities are located in areas with complex terrain. The surface media in these areas include pure soil, gravel-soil mixed media, hard ground, etc., which leads to a decrease in the degree of coupling between seismic wave sensors and the surface under complex conditions. As a result, the signal capture effect is weakened, making it impossible to effectively monitor external anomalies of oil and gas facilities.

[0006] Chinese utility model patent CN203245831U discloses a hard alkali shell surface geophone embedding tool, in which a steel chisel connects a steel plate and a steel pipe, one end of the steel chisel has a steel chisel tip, and the steel plate is a flat structure. During operation, the steel chisel that has been embedded in the surface is rotated in the vertical direction by rotating the steel pipe, thereby loosening the steel chisel and making it easier to pull the steel chisel out of the surface without causing the surface around the hole drilled by the steel chisel to loosen. The steel plate is vertically welded to the flat end of the steel chisel, and its function is to ensure that the steel chisel is parallel to the vertical direction by adjusting the horizontal surface of the steel plate during construction, thereby increasing the force-bearing area of ​​the flat end of the steel chisel and improving construction efficiency. This surface geophone embedding tool cannot achieve good adaptability to different surfaces.

[0007] CN205120978U discloses a coupling detector with a hard surface rapid detection function, which includes a base and a sensor device arranged inside the base. The top of the base is provided with a connection socket for signal transmission, and the bottom of the base is provided with a coupling feeler for contacting the surface. By designing the bottom of the coupling feeler to be a spherical structure and combining the base's own counterweight to form pressure on the surface, the coupling feeler can achieve rapid coupling with various uneven hard surface test surfaces, reduce the adverse effects of the hard surface on elastic wave detection, and improve detection efficiency and accuracy. However, although it can adapt to various uneven hard surface test surfaces, this coupling detector still cannot adapt to various different surface media.

[0008] The seismic wave sensor devices currently used are usually only suitable for a single surface condition and cannot meet the diverse needs of the environment in which key oil and gas facilities are located. Therefore, the field needs to develop a new type of seismic wave sensor device that can be applied to different terrains and different surface media, thereby improving the formation coupling degree and signal acquisition effect. Summary of the invention

[0009] In view of the above technical problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a geophysical signal detection device, which can be effectively applied to different terrains and different surface media, has an enhanced formation coupling degree, thereby improving the signal acquisition effect.

[0010] Another object of the present invention is to provide a geophysical signal detection method, which can have an improved signal acquisition effect under different terrains and different surface media.

[0011] According to one aspect of the present invention, a geophysical signal detection device is provided, comprising: a geophysical signal sensor, a sensor mounting seat connected to the geophysical signal sensor, and a surface coupling seat for forming engagement with the ground surface. The sensor mounting seat has a cylindrical main body and a mounting flange formed at the bottom end of the main body, a through hole for connecting with a sensor housing of the geophysical signal sensor is formed in the mounting flange, and a first connection hole for connecting with the surface coupling seat is provided at the bottom of the main body.

[0012] In one embodiment, the surface coupling seat is constructed as a single cone component, which includes a cone at the lower end for inserting into the ground surface, a connecting section at the upper end for mating with the first connecting hole of the sensor mounting seat, and a fastener between the cone and the connecting section.

[0013] In one embodiment, the ground coupling seat is configured as a fixed triangular tail cone member, which includes a substantially triangular plane body, and a second connection hole adapted to the first connection hole is provided at the center of the plane body. The three corners of the plane body are bent in a direction perpendicular to the plane body to form a triangular extension portion for contacting the ground surface.

[0014] In one embodiment, the surface coupling seat is configured as an adjustable triangular tail cone component, which includes a roughly triangular support plate and adjustable components arranged at each corner of the support plate, and a third connecting hole for matching with the first connecting hole is provided in the center of the planar body.

[0015] In one embodiment, each of the adjustable components includes a stud fixed in a threaded hole at a corresponding corner of the support plate by threaded fitting, a cone arranged at the end of the stud, and a fixing nut sleeved on the stud, wherein the outer surfaces of the cone and the fixing nut are at least partially provided with a mesh embossing.

[0016] In one embodiment, the surface coupling seat also includes a connecting platform, which is configured as a circular plate, the center of which has a fourth connecting hole for matching with the first connecting hole, and a circular groove is formed on one side of the circular plate for accommodating the tip of the triangular extension of the fixed triangular tail cone component or the tip of the cone of the adjustable component of the adjustable triangular tail cone component.

[0017] In one embodiment, the geophysical signal sensor is a seismic wave sensor disposed near an oil and gas facility.

[0018] According to another aspect of the present invention, a geophysical signal detection method is provided, which is performed using the geophysical signal detection device as described above.

[0019] In one embodiment, in a quiet environment: for muddy surface media and flat or sloping terrain, a geophysical signal detection device in the form of a single cone component is used; for continuous hard surface media and flat terrain, a geophysical signal detection device in the form of a fixed triangular tail cone component is used; for continuous hard surface media and undulating terrain, a geophysical signal detection device in the form of an adjustable triangular tail cone component is used.

[0020] In one embodiment, in a quiet environment: for surface media with gravel soil and flat terrain, a combination of a geophysical signal detection device in the form of a single cone component and a geophysical signal detection device in the form of an adjustable triangular tail cone component is used; for surface media with mud / gravel soil and terrain with small undulations and for surface media with gravel soil and slope / mountainous terrain, a combination of a geophysical signal detection device in the form of a single cone component, a geophysical signal detection device in the form of an adjustable triangular tail cone component and a connecting platform is used.

[0021] In one embodiment, in a noisy environment, the geophysical signal detection device described above is buried in a plastic pipe inserted into the ground, wherein the plastic pipe has a fill layer.

[0022] In one embodiment, the geophysical signal detection method is used to detect seismic waves near oil and gas facilities. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0024] Figure 1 The structure of the sensor mounting base in the geophysical signal detection device according to the present invention is schematically shown;

[0025] Figure 2 A surface coupling seat of a geophysical signal detection device according to the present invention is schematically shown, which is constructed as a single cone component;

[0026] Figure 3A and 3B Another surface coupling seat of the geophysical signal detection device according to the present invention is schematically shown, which is constructed as a fixed triangular tail cone component, wherein: Figure 3A is a plan view of a fixed triangular tail cone component, and Figure 3B It is a side view of a fixed triangular tail cone component;

[0027] Figure 4A and4B Another surface coupling seat of the geophysical signal detection device according to the present invention is schematically shown, which is constructed as an adjustable triangular tail cone component, wherein: Figure 4A is a plan view of a fixed triangular tail cone component, and Figure 4B yes Figure 4A A cross-sectional view along line 4B-4B;

[0028] Figure 5 The connecting platform which can be selectively used in the surface coupling socket of the geophysical signal detection device according to the present invention is schematically shown.

[0029] In the present application, all drawings are schematic drawings, which are only used to illustrate the principles of the present invention and are not necessarily drawn to actual scale. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0031] In this document, for convenience, a direction away from the ground is described as "above", "upstream", "upper end" or similar terms, and a direction toward the ground is described as "below", "downstream", "lower end" or similar terms. In addition, a direction radially toward the center of the geophysical signal detection device (or its component parts) is described as "radially inside", and a direction radially away from the center of the geophysical signal detection device (or its component parts) is described as "radially outside".

[0032] In addition, the geophysical signal detection device of the present invention is used to detect geophysical signals. For the convenience of description, seismic waves are used as an example of geophysical signals for illustration. However, it can be understood that the geophysical signal detection device of the present invention can also be used to detect other geophysical signals.

[0033] Existing seismic wave detectors are usually set for a single surface condition and cannot adapt to the changing actual application environment. Therefore, the present invention provides a geophysical signal detection device, which can provide stable support for seismic wave sensors for the complex environmental conditions around oil and gas facilities, improve the surface coupling degree of seismic wave sensors, and thus effectively capture and monitor external abnormal signals. The present invention also provides a method for using such a geophysical signal detection device to detect geophysical signals (such as seismic waves). Through the device and method of the present invention, the seismic wave sensor can be effectively coupled to the surface under different terrains (flat, sloped, mountainous, etc.) and different surface media (mud, gravel soil, continuous hard) conditions, thereby efficiently and accurately capturing seismic wave signals generated by external abnormalities, and ultimately achieving real-time monitoring, early warning and positioning of external abnormal conditions of key oil and gas facilities.

[0034] The geophysical signal detection device according to the present invention comprises a seismic wave sensor, a sensor mounting seat, and a surface coupling seat. The seismic wave sensor is a conventional seismic wave sensor, and its structure and function are well known to those skilled in the art, so it is not shown in the drawings and will not be described in detail in this article.

[0035] Figure 1 The structure of the sensor mounting seat 10 in the geophysical signal detection device according to the present invention is schematically shown. As shown in the figure, the sensor mounting seat 10 includes a cylindrical main body 11 and a mounting flange 12 formed at the lower end of the cylindrical main body 11. A plurality of through holes 16 are formed in the mounting flange 12 for connecting and fixing with the sensor housing of the seismic wave sensor. In a specific embodiment, four through holes 16 are evenly spaced apart along the circumference, which are located on an imaginary circle with a diameter of 0.75 to 0.8 times the bottom diameter of the sensor mounting seat 10, and the diameter of each through hole 16 is 4 to 5 mm. At the same time, a gear-like structure 18 extending radially outward is provided on the cylindrical main body 11, which is used to connect with the sensor housing through a form such as mortise and tenon fitting, thereby providing double protection for the connection and fixation of the sensor housing and the sensor mounting seat 10.

[0036] The sensor mounting base 10 can be made of metal as a whole. In one embodiment, the sensor mounting base 10 is made of 304 or 316 stainless steel, so as to ensure its corrosion resistance during operation. The lower end surface of the sensor mounting base 10 is provided with a connection hole 15 for connecting with a surface coupling base (as described in more detail below). In a specific embodiment, the connection hole 15 is a threaded connection hole, and its diameter is, for example, 10 to 12 mm.

[0037] According to the present invention, the geophysical signal detection device also includes a surface coupling seat, which is connected to the sensor mounting seat and installed on the surface. The present invention provides various forms of surface coupling seats, which can be used individually or in combination for different terrains or surface media, so that the seismic wave sensor can be firmly and stably installed in the surface. The various surface coupling seats of the geophysical signal detection device according to the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0038] Figure 2The surface coupling seat of the geophysical signal detection device according to one embodiment of the present invention is shown. In this embodiment, the surface coupling seat is constructed as a single cone member 20. As shown in the figure, the single cone member 20 includes a cone 28 at the lower end, a threaded connection section 22 at the upper end, and a nut 25 between the cone 28 and the threaded connection section 22. The threaded connection section 22 of the single cone member 20 is used to threadably cooperate with the threaded connection hole 15 of the sensor mounting seat 10, thereby achieving a firm connection between the surface coupling seat and the sensor mounting seat 10. The cone 28 of the single cone member 20 is used to be inserted into the surface, thereby the entire geophysical signal detection device can be firmly fixed in the surface. The provision of the nut 25 can further improve stability.

[0039] The surface coupling seat in the form of a single cone member 20 has a simple structure and is mainly used in flat muddy ground. The length of the single cone member 20 is mainly determined according to the thickness of the surface medium layer. In practice, it can be divided into two types: a long single cone member and a short single cone member. For a long single cone member, its total length is generally between 150 and 200 mm, wherein the diameter of the large end of the cone is generally 16 to 18 mm, and the diameter of the small end is generally 2 to 3 mm. For a short single cone member, its total length is generally between 80 and 100 mm, wherein the diameter of the large end of the cone is generally 12 to 13 mm, and the diameter of the small end is generally 1 to 2 mm. The length and diameter of the threaded connection section 22 of the single cone member 20 are selected to match the threaded connection hole 15 of the sensor mounting seat 10, so as to achieve a firm connection.

[0040] Figure 3A and 3B The surface coupling seat of the geophysical signal detection device according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown. In this embodiment, the surface coupling seat is constructed as a fixed triangular tail cone component 30. Figure 3A is a plan view of a fixed triangular tail cone component 30, and Figure 3B 3 is a side view of the fixed triangular tail cone component 30.

[0041] like Figure 3A and 3B As shown, the fixed triangular tail cone component 30 includes a substantially triangular plane body 32. The plane body 32 is preferably constructed as an equilateral triangle, and can be made of, for example, a steel plate having a certain thickness T. A connecting hole 31 is provided at the center of the plane body 32, and its diameter is, for example, B, for matching with the threaded connecting hole 15. Here, the term "matching" means that the sensor mounting seat 10 and the fixed triangular tail cone component 30 can be fixedly connected by means of the connecting hole 31 of the plane body 32 and the threaded connecting hole 15 of the sensor mounting seat 10 through appropriate fasteners (such as a combination of bolts and nuts). This is a connection that is easily achieved by those skilled in the art.

[0042] According to the present invention, three corners of the planar body 32 are bent downward to form a triangular extension 35 having a height L and being substantially perpendicular to the planar body 32. In one embodiment, the corners of the planar body 32 can be formed into the triangular extension 35 by a heat bending process.

[0043] The structure of the surface coupling seat in the form of a fixed triangular tail cone member 30 is also simple and easy to process. It is mainly used for flat continuous hard surfaces such as cement and asphalt. During use, the fixed triangular tail cone member 30 is fixedly connected to the sensor mounting seat 10 by passing bolts and nuts (not shown) through the connection hole 31 of the plane body 32 of the fixed triangular tail cone member 30 and the threaded connection hole 15 of the sensor mounting seat 10. The triangular extension 35 of the plane body 32 of the fixed triangular tail cone member 30 faces downward and is placed on a flat continuous hard surface. The arrangement of the three triangular extensions 35 can provide stable support for the entire geophysical signal detection device.

[0044] In another specific embodiment, the fixed triangular tail cone component 30 and the single cone component 20 can also be used in combination to form a combined surface coupling seat for use on an undulating muddy surface. Specifically, the cone 28 of the single cone component 20 can be inserted into the undulating muddy surface after passing through the connecting hole 31 of the plane body 32 of the fixed triangular tail cone component 30. At this time, the cone 28 of the single cone component 20 is deeply buried in the surface, while the triangular extension 35 of the plane body 32 of the fixed triangular tail cone component 30 is placed on the surface. Thus, dual fixed support inside and on the surface is provided, which can further enhance the surface coupling degree of the geophysical signal detection device.

[0045] Figure 4A and 4B The surface coupling seat of the geophysical signal detection device according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown. In this embodiment, the surface coupling seat is constructed as an adjustable triangular tail cone component 40. Figure 4A is a plan view of the adjustable triangular tail cone member 40, and Figure 3B It is a side view of the adjustable triangular tail cone component 40.

[0046] like Figure 4A and 4BAs shown, the adjustable triangular tail cone component 40 includes a roughly triangular support plate 41. The support plate 41 can be made of a steel plate with a thickness of 20 to 30 mm and processed into an equilateral triangle. In the illustrated embodiment, the side and corner of the support plate 41 are formed by a number of arc segments connected smoothly to reduce possible damage during use. In addition, the support plate 41 has a connection hole 46 arranged in the center, which has a function similar to the connection hole 31 of the plane body 32 of the fixed triangular tail cone component 30, and is used to achieve fixed connection with the threaded connection hole 15 of the sensor mounting seat 10 through bolts and nuts (not shown).

[0047] According to the present invention, the adjustable triangular tail cone component 40 further includes adjustable components 42 disposed at three corners of the support plate 41 . Figure 4B The structure of the adjustable member 42 is more clearly shown. Figure 4B As shown, the adjustable member 42 includes a stud 45, which is fixed in a threaded hole ( Figure 4A ) In the stud 45. A cone 43 is provided at the end thereof, and a fixing nut 44 is sleeved on the stud 45. The surfaces of the cone 43 and the fixing nut 44 may be provided with a mesh-like embossing for ease of adjustment.

[0048] The surface coupling seat in the form of an adjustable triangular tail cone component 40 has a simple structure and is mainly used for continuous hard surfaces with small undulations on the ground. In actual use, the adjustable triangular tail cone component 40 is first fixedly connected to the sensor mounting seat 10 by passing bolts and nuts (not shown) through the connection hole 46 of the adjustable triangular tail cone component 40 and the threaded connection hole 15 of the sensor mounting seat 10. After that, the support plate 41, the cone 43 and the fixing nut 44 are connected by the studs 45. By adjusting the depth of the three studs 45 screwed into the support plate 41, the level of the support plate 41 can be adjusted. After the support plate 41 is adjusted to the horizontal, the fixing nut 44 is contacted with the support plate 41 and tightened to achieve the fixing effect. Therefore, by using the surface coupling seat in the form of an adjustable triangular tail cone component 40, it is possible to ensure that the seismic wave sensor is placed horizontally and improve the ground coupling degree at the same time.

[0049] The surface coupling seat of the geophysical signal detection device according to the present invention may further include a connecting platform, which is used for cooperating with the above-mentioned various forms of surface coupling seats. Figure 5 The structure of the connecting platform 50 is shown. Figure 5 As shown, the connecting platform 50 is formed by a circular plate. In a specific embodiment, the circular plate is made of steel, has a diameter of 110-120 mm, and a thickness of 10 mm. A connecting hole 55 is provided at the center of the circular plate, which can form an internal thread.

[0050] Meanwhile, a circular groove 52 is provided on one side surface of the connecting platform 50. In a specific embodiment, the circular groove 52 has a diameter of 80 mm, a width of 2 mm, and a depth of 2 mm. In this way, the tips of the three triangular extensions 35 of the fixed triangular tail cone member 30 or the tips of the three cones 43 of the adjustable triangular tail cone member 40 can be inserted into the circular groove 52, so that they can only move in the circular groove 52, that is, they can rotate freely.

[0051] The connection platform 50 is mainly used in conjunction with the above-mentioned various forms of surface coupling seats, so as to provide an enhanced surface coupling degree for the geophysical signal detection device under terrain conditions such as slopes and mountains or gravel and soil surface media conditions.

[0052] As described above, by using various types of surface coupling mounts individually or in combination, the seismic wave sensor can be firmly and stably installed on the surface for different terrains or surface media, thereby improving the surface coupling degree and thus improving the accuracy of signal acquisition. The geophysical signal detection method according to the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0053] The core feature of the geophysical signal detection method according to the present invention is: different surface coupling seats or combinations thereof are selected for different terrains and surface media to ensure good surface coupling, thereby ensuring the efficiency and effect of seismic wave signal acquisition. As for the steps of sensor data detection, transmission and processing, these are well known to those skilled in the art, and the present invention does not improve them, so the description of the relevant technical features is omitted here.

[0054] Table 1 shown below shows specific combinations of surface coupling bases in different environments.

[0055] Table 1

[0056]

[0057] As shown in Table 1, the geophysical signal detection method according to the present invention includes the steps of installing seismic wave sensors using different surface coupling bases for different terrains and different surface media. The specific installation methods under various conditions are described in detail below.

[0058] It should be noted that, for convenience, the following steps do not include the specific operation of installing the seismic wave sensor on the sensor mounting base 10, which belongs to the conventional technical means in the art. In other words, in the following description, it is assumed that the seismic wave sensor has been installed on the sensor mounting base 10.

[0059] (1) For No. 1 or 6 in Table 1, i.e., muddy surface media and flat or sloping terrain, a single cone member 20 can be used. Specifically, for flat terrain, a short single cone member can be used, while for sloping terrain, a long single cone member can be used.

[0060] During use, first connect the threaded section 22 of the single cone member 20 to the threaded hole 15 on the sensor mounting seat 10, and then insert the cone 28 of the single cone member 20 into the muddy surface medium to ensure that it is level. When the terrain is flat, the bottom surface of the sensor mounting seat 10 can be roughly in contact with the muddy surface. When the ground is slightly undulating, there can be a slight gap between the bottom surface of the sensor mounting seat 10 and the muddy surface, and the distance should be ≤15mm.

[0061] (2) For No. 3 in Table 1, i.e., continuous hard surface medium and flat terrain, a fixed triangular tail cone component 30 can be used.

[0062] During use, firstly, a suitable bolt is passed through the connection hole of the plane body 32 of the fixed triangular tail cone component 30 and screwed into the threaded connection hole 15 of the sensor mounting seat 10, and then tightened and fixed with a suitable nut. Subsequently, the triangular extension 35 of the plane body 32 of the fixed triangular tail cone component 30 is placed on a flat, continuous hard surface with its face downward.

[0063] (3) For No. 5 in Table 1, i.e., continuous hard surface medium and terrain with slight undulations, an adjustable triangular tail cone component 40 can be used.

[0064] During use, firstly, a suitable bolt is passed through the connection hole 46 of the support plate 41 of the adjustable triangular tail cone component 40 and screwed into the threaded connection hole 15 of the sensor mounting seat 10, and then tightened and fixed with a suitable nut. Then, the adjustable component 42 in the adjustable triangular tail cone component 40 is placed downward on a continuous hard surface with small undulations. By adjusting the depth of the studs 45 in the three adjustable components 42 screwed into the support plate 41, the level of the support plate 41 can be adjusted. After the adjustment is completed, the fixing nut 44 is tightened to achieve fixation.

[0065] (4) For No. 2 in Table 1, i.e., gravelly ground and flat terrain, a combination of a single cone member 20 and an adjustable triangular tail cone member 40 can be used.

[0066] During use, the threaded section 22 at the upper end of the single cone member 20 is passed through the connection hole 46 of the support plate 41 of the adjustable triangular tail cone member 40 and screwed into the threaded hole 15 on the sensor mounting seat 10. Then, the cone 28 at the lower end of the single cone member 20 is inserted into the surface medium. At the same time, by adjusting the depth of the studs 45 in the three adjustable members 42 screwed into the support plate 41, the tips of the cones 43 in the three adjustable members 42 are made to contact the surface medium, and the level of the support plate 41 is adjusted at the same time. After the adjustment is completed, the fixing nut 44 is tightened to achieve fixation.

[0067] (5) For No. 4 and 7 in Table 1, i.e., muddy / gravelly soil surface media and slightly undulating terrain and gravelly soil surface media and slope / mountainous terrain, a combination of a single cone member 20, an adjustable triangular tail cone member 40 and a connecting platform 50 can be used.

[0068] During use, first, the threaded section 22 at the upper end of the single cone member 20 is used to form a fixed connection with the internally threaded connection hole 55 of the connection platform 50. After that, the cone 28 at the lower end of the single cone member 20 is inserted into the surface medium to ensure stability and levelness. Then, a suitable bolt is passed through the connection hole 46 of the support plate 41 of the adjustable triangular tail cone member 40 and screwed into the threaded connection hole 15 of the sensor mounting seat 10, and then tightened and fixed with a suitable nut. Subsequently, the adjustable member 42 in the adjustable triangular tail cone member 40 is directed downward so that the tip of each cone 43 is inserted into the circular groove 52 of the connection platform 50. By adjusting the depth of the studs 45 in the three adjustable members 42 screwed into the support plate 41, the level of the support plate 41 can be adjusted. After the adjustment is completed, the fixing nut 44 is tightened to achieve fixation.

[0069] It should be noted that the above-mentioned usage method is mainly suitable for environments with relatively quiet surroundings and relatively small external noise.

[0070] In order to reduce external interference in the process of seismic detector signal acquisition and improve acquisition efficiency and quality in muddy and gravel soil surface environments with relatively large external noise, a semi-buried method can be used to install geophysical signal detection devices.

[0071] Specifically, a pit is first dug at a preset point, and then a plastic pipe is placed in the pit, and soil is filled into the inside of the plastic pipe and compacted. Then, soil is filled into the annular space formed between the plastic pipe and the pit wall and compacted. After that, the entire geophysical signal detection device is installed in the plastic pipe according to the above method, ensuring that the seismic wave sensor is placed horizontally. Finally, a cap is placed on the upper end of the plastic pipe.

[0072] In a specific embodiment, the diameter of the pit is, for example, 280-300 mm, and the depth is, for example, 200-250 mm. The plastic pipe can be a PVC pipe with an inner diameter of 250 mm. The PVC pipe can be filled with soil about 50 mm thick.

[0073] The steps of deploying the geophysical signal detection device in the geophysical signal detection method according to the present invention are described below through several specific examples.

[0074] Example 1: Flat muddy ground in a quiet environment

[0075]

[0076] Example 2: Flat hard surface in a quiet environment

[0077]

[0078] Example 3: Quiet environment with undulating hard surface

[0079]

[0080]

[0081] Example 4: Flat gravel ground in a noisy environment

[0082]

[0083] Example 5: Quiet environment with undulating muddy ground

[0084]

[0085] Example 6: Gravel soil surface on a slope / mountain in a quiet environment

[0086]

[0087] Example 7: Undulating gravel ground in a noisy environment

[0088]

[0089] The geophysical signal detection device and method according to the present invention can improve the surface coupling degree of seismic wave sensors in response to complex environmental conditions around oil and gas facilities, effectively capture and monitor external abnormal signals, and realize real-time monitoring, early warning and positioning of external abnormal conditions of key oil and gas facilities.

[0090] Although the present invention has been described above with reference to exemplary embodiments, various modifications may be made thereto and parts thereof may be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope of the present invention. In particular, in the absence of structural conflicts, the various technical features mentioned in the various embodiments may be combined in any manner. The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A geophysical signal detection device, comprising: A geophysical signal sensor, a sensor mounting seat connected to the geophysical signal sensor, and a surface coupling seat for forming engagement with the surface of the earth, The sensor mounting seat has a cylindrical main body and a mounting flange formed at the bottom end of the main body, a through hole for connecting to the sensor housing of the geophysical signal sensor is formed in the mounting flange, and a first connecting hole for connecting to the surface coupling seat is provided at the bottom of the main body.

2. The geophysical signal detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface coupling seat is constructed as a single cone component, which includes a cone at the lower end for inserting into the ground, a connecting section at the upper end for matching with the first connecting hole of the sensor mounting seat, and a fastener between the cone and the connecting section.

3. The geophysical signal detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface coupling seat is configured as a fixed triangular tail cone component, and the fixed triangular tail cone component comprises a substantially triangular plane body, and a second connection hole adapted to the first connection hole is provided at the center of the plane body. The three corners of the plane body are bent in a direction perpendicular to the plane body, thereby forming a triangular extension portion for contacting the ground surface.

4. The geophysical signal detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface coupling seat is configured as an adjustable triangular tail cone component, which includes a roughly triangular support plate and adjustable components arranged at each corner of the support plate. A third connection hole for matching with the first connection hole is provided at the center of the planar body.

5. The geophysical signal detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each of the adjustable components includes a stud fixed in a threaded hole at a corresponding corner of the support plate by threaded fitting, a cone arranged at the end of the stud, and a fixing nut sleeved on the stud, wherein the outer surfaces of the cone and the fixing nut are at least partially provided with a mesh embossing.

6. The geophysical signal detection device according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The surface coupling seat also includes a connecting platform, which is configured as a circular plate, the center of which has a fourth connecting hole for matching with the first connecting hole, and a circular groove is formed on one side of the circular plate for accommodating the tip of the triangular extension of the fixed triangular tail cone component or the tip of the cone of the adjustable component of the adjustable triangular tail cone component.

7. The geophysical signal detection device according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that: The geophysical signal sensor is a seismic wave sensor arranged near oil and gas facilities. 8 . A geophysical signal detection method, which is performed using the geophysical signal detection device according to claim 1 .

9. The geophysical signal detection method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In a quiet environment: For muddy surface media and flat or sloping terrain, the geophysical signal detection device according to claim 2 is used; For continuous hard surface media and flat terrain, the geophysical signal detection device according to claim 3 is used; For continuous hard surface media and undulating terrain, the geophysical signal detection device according to claim 4 is used.

10. The geophysical signal detection method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In a quiet environment: The surface medium of the needle gravel soil and the flat terrain, using the geophysical signal detection device according to claim 2 and the geophysical signal detection device according to any one of claims 4 to 6; For surface media of mud / gravel soil and terrain with small undulations, and for surface media of gravel soil and slope / mountainous terrain, the geophysical signal detection device according to claim 2, the geophysical signal detection device according to any one of claims 4 to 6, and the geophysical signal detection device according to claim 7 are used.

11. The geophysical signal detection method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In a noisy environment, the geophysical signal detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is buried in a plastic pipe inserted into the ground, the plastic pipe having a fill layer.

12. The geophysical signal detection method according to any one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that: The geophysical signal detection method is used to detect seismic waves near oil and gas facilities.

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